C1 Expression フォーマル

En toute bonne foi

In good faith

意味

With sincere and honest intentions.

🌍

文化的背景

In French law, 'la bonne foi' is always presumed. It is up to the accuser to prove 'la mauvaise foi' (bad faith). This creates a culture where intent is heavily debated. The usage is identical to France, but in Quebec's bilingual environment, you might hear 'en bonne foi' (dropping the 'toute') more frequently due to English influence. Belgian administrative culture uses this phrase frequently in tax disputes to allow citizens to correct errors without penalty. In many West African countries, 'la bonne foi' is a vital part of 'la parole donnée' (one's given word), which can be more important than a written contract in informal markets.

🎯

The 'Shield' Strategy

Use this phrase early in an explanation to lower the other person's defenses. It signals that you are not their enemy.

⚠️

Avoid Overuse

If you say 'en toute bonne foi' every five minutes, people will start to suspect you are actually of 'mauvaise foi'.

意味

With sincere and honest intentions.

🎯

The 'Shield' Strategy

Use this phrase early in an explanation to lower the other person's defenses. It signals that you are not their enemy.

⚠️

Avoid Overuse

If you say 'en toute bonne foi' every five minutes, people will start to suspect you are actually of 'mauvaise foi'.

💬

Legal Weight

In France, if you can prove your 'bonne foi', you can often avoid paying damages in civil cases.

自分をテスト

Fill in the missing words to complete the expression.

Il a commis cette erreur ____ toute ____ foi.

✓ 正解! ✗ おしい! 正解: en / bonne

The fixed expression is 'en toute bonne foi'. 'Foi' is feminine, so 'bonne' is required.

Which sentence uses the phrase correctly in a professional context?

A) J'ai mangé ton yaourt en toute bonne foi. B) J'ai envoyé le mauvais fichier en toute bonne foi, je pensais que c'était la version finale. C) Il fait beau aujourd'hui en toute bonne foi.

✓ 正解! ✗ おしい! 正解: B

B is correct because it uses the phrase to justify a sincere mistake in a serious context.

Match the speaker to the most likely use of 'en toute bonne foi'.

1. A lawyer defending a client who bought a stolen car unknowingly. 2. A friend who forgot a birthday. 3. A chef who used the wrong ingredient.

✓ 正解! ✗ おしい! 正解: 1: Legal defense

While all could use it, it is most essential and common as a legal defense.

Complete the dialogue.

Client: 'Vous m'avez promis une livraison hier !' Vendeur: 'Je vous l'ai promis ______, car le transporteur m'avait assuré que ce serait possible.'

✓ 正解! ✗ おしい! 正解: en toute bonne foi

The seller is defending their sincerity despite the failure.

🎉 スコア: /4

ビジュアル学習ツール

Bonne Foi vs. Mauvaise Foi

Bonne Foi
Erreur sincère Sincere error
Transparence Transparency
Mauvaise Foi
Mensonge Lie
Stubbornness Entêtement

練習問題バンク

4 問題
Fill in the missing words to complete the expression. Fill Blank B1

Il a commis cette erreur ____ toute ____ foi.

✓ 正解! ✗ おしい! 正解: en / bonne

The fixed expression is 'en toute bonne foi'. 'Foi' is feminine, so 'bonne' is required.

Which sentence uses the phrase correctly in a professional context? Choose B2

A) J'ai mangé ton yaourt en toute bonne foi. B) J'ai envoyé le mauvais fichier en toute bonne foi, je pensais que c'était la version finale. C) Il fait beau aujourd'hui en toute bonne foi.

✓ 正解! ✗ おしい! 正解: B

B is correct because it uses the phrase to justify a sincere mistake in a serious context.

Match the speaker to the most likely use of 'en toute bonne foi'. situation_matching C1

1. A lawyer defending a client who bought a stolen car unknowingly. 2. A friend who forgot a birthday. 3. A chef who used the wrong ingredient.

✓ 正解! ✗ おしい! 正解: 1: Legal defense

While all could use it, it is most essential and common as a legal defense.

Complete the dialogue. dialogue_completion B2

Client: 'Vous m'avez promis une livraison hier !' Vendeur: 'Je vous l'ai promis ______, car le transporteur m'avait assuré que ce serait possible.'

✓ 正解! ✗ おしい! 正解: en toute bonne foi

The seller is defending their sincerity despite the failure.

🎉 スコア: /4

よくある質問

10 問

Not exactly. 'Honestly' is just about the truth. 'En toute bonne foi' is about your belief that you were doing the right thing, even if you were wrong.

Yes, but only for serious misunderstandings. For small things, it sounds too formal.

It is always 'en toute' because 'foi' is feminine.

The opposite is 'de mauvaise foi', which means being dishonest or insincere.

Yes, it is very common in business negotiations and contracts.

It sounds like 'fwah', rhymes with 'moi' or 'toi'.

It's grammatically okay but sounds very unnatural. Stick to 'en toute bonne foi'.

Historically yes, but today it is almost entirely secular and legal/social.

Yes, it's perfect for professional emails when clarifying a mistake.

Yes, because using it correctly requires an understanding of nuance and register.

関連フレーズ

🔗

De bonne foi

similar

To be sincere/honest.

🔗

Mauvaise foi

contrast

Dishonesty or stubbornness.

🔗

À cœur ouvert

similar

With an open heart.

🔄

Sincèrement

synonym

Sincerely.

🔗

En mon âme et conscience

builds on

In all conscience.

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