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A2 noun 11分で読める

étiquette

例文 étiquette 30秒で
解説 étiquette in your Level:
At the A1 level, you primarily encounter 'étiquette' in the context of shopping and basic identification. Think of it as the 'price tag' or 'name tag'. You will see it on clothes (showing the size like S, M, L) and on products in the supermarket. It is a simple object that gives you information. You might learn to ask 'Où est l'étiquette ?' (Where is the tag?) or 'Combien ça coûte ? C'est sur l'étiquette.' (How much does it cost? It's on the tag.) At this stage, you don't need to worry about the complex social meanings. Just remember it is a feminine word, so it's 'une étiquette'. If you see a sticker with a name on a notebook, that's also an étiquette. It's one of those helpful words that looks almost like the English word, making it easy to remember. Just be careful with the pronunciation: in French, the 'é' at the beginning is a sharp 'ay' sound, and the 'que' at the end is a hard 'k' sound. The word is very common in daily life, especially when you are a tourist shopping in France. You might also see it on luggage at the airport. It's a fundamental noun for describing physical items and their details.
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At the A2 level, you start to use 'étiquette' in more descriptive ways. You might talk about 'l'étiquette de prix' (the price tag) or 'l'étiquette de bagage' (the luggage tag). You'll use it when describing clothes, specifically mentioning the 'étiquette de lavage' (washing label) which tells you if you can put a shirt in the machine or if it needs dry cleaning. You are also introduced to the verb 'étiqueter' (to label). You might say, 'Je dois étiqueter mes cartons pour le déménagement' (I have to label my boxes for the move). At A2, you are beginning to understand that 'étiquette' is about organization and clarity. You might also encounter the word in simple social contexts, perhaps hearing that there is a certain 'étiquette' to follow when visiting someone's home, like bringing a small gift. However, the focus remains on the physical tag. You should be able to describe what is on a label: 'Sur l'étiquette, il y a le prix, la taille et la matière' (On the label, there is the price, the size, and the material). This level is about using the word to navigate practical situations like shopping, traveling, and organizing your belongings.
By the B1 level, you move beyond the physical object and begin to explore the metaphorical and social uses of 'étiquette'. You will use it to discuss social norms and 'savoir-vivre'. You might talk about 'l'étiquette à table' (table manners) or 'l'étiquette au travail' (workplace etiquette). You understand that 'l'étiquette' represents a set of rules. Furthermore, you start to use 'étiquette' to describe how people are categorized. For example, you might say, 'Je n'aime pas les étiquettes' (I don't like labels/stereotypes) when talking about personality or social groups. You can discuss how society 'étiquette' (labels) people based on their job or background. Grammatically, you are more comfortable with compound phrases like 'étiquette autocollante' (adhesive label) or 'étiquette d'origine' (label of origin). You also recognize the word in more technical contexts, such as 'l'étiquetage nutritionnel' (nutritional labeling) on food products. At B1, you can express opinions about whether certain rules of etiquette are still relevant today or if they are too old-fashioned. You are starting to see the word as a tool for social commentary, not just a shopping term.
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At the B2 level, you use 'étiquette' with nuance in professional and political contexts. You understand 'l'étiquette politique'—the party affiliation of a politician. You might analyze a text where a candidate is described as 'sans étiquette' (independent/without party affiliation). You can participate in debates about social protocols, discussing the 'étiquette diplomatique' or the 'étiquette de la cour'. You understand that 'l'étiquette' can be a tool for social exclusion or a necessary framework for international relations. You are also aware of the 'étiquette' of specific industries, such as the wine industry, where 'l'étiquette' is not just a piece of paper but a legal document with strict requirements about AOC (Appellation d'Origine Contrôlée). You can use the word in more complex sentence structures, such as 'Malgré son étiquette de rebelle, il respecte scrupuleusement les règles' (Despite his label as a rebel, he scrupulously respects the rules). Your vocabulary includes related terms like 'protocole', 'convenances', and 'bienséance'. You can discuss the evolution of 'étiquette' in the digital age, such as 'la nétiquette' (internet etiquette).
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At the C1 level, you have a deep understanding of the historical and philosophical implications of 'étiquette'. You can discuss the origins of the word in the court of Louis XIV and how it functioned as a mechanism of power and control. You might read academic texts about the 'sociologie de l'étiquetage' (labeling theory) and how society defines deviance by placing 'étiquettes' on certain behaviors. You use the word in high-level discussions about identity, arguing how 'étiquettes' can both provide a sense of belonging and act as a restrictive cage. In a professional setting, you are an expert in 'l'étiquette des affaires' across different cultures, understanding the subtle differences between French and, for example, Japanese or American business protocols. You can use the word with irony or sophisticated metaphors. You might describe a complex situation as having 'plusieurs étiquettes' (multiple facets or labels). Your writing is precise, distinguishing between 'l'étiquette' (the code), 'le marquage' (the branding), and 'le référencement' (the cataloging). You are sensitive to the register of the word, knowing when it sounds traditional and when it is being used in a modern, sociopolitical sense.
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At the C2 level, 'étiquette' is a word you manipulate with total mastery and stylistic flair. You can engage in literary analysis of works where 'l'étiquette' is a central theme, such as in the memoirs of Saint-Simon or the novels of Proust, where social codes are dissected with surgical precision. You understand the most obscure uses of the word and its derivatives. You can write persuasive essays on the 'tyrannie des étiquettes' (the tyranny of labels) in modern identity politics, using sophisticated vocabulary and complex rhetorical devices. In professional environments, you are the one defining the 'étiquette' or protocol for high-level international summits. You can play with the word's double meaning in poetry or advanced creative writing, perhaps contrasting the fragility of a physical paper 'étiquette' with the rigid, unbreakable 'étiquette' of a social hierarchy. You are aware of the legal nuances of 'étiquetage' in European law and can discuss them in a technical or legal capacity. For you, 'étiquette' is not just a word but a concept that bridges history, sociology, law, and daily life, and you use it with the ease of a native speaker who is also a scholar of the language.
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例文

étiquette 30秒で

  • Étiquette means a physical label or tag used for prices, luggage, or organizing items.
  • It also refers to social etiquette, meaning the rules of polite behavior and formal protocol.
  • The word is feminine: 'une étiquette' or 'l'étiquette'.
  • Don't confuse it with 'un ticket', which is a receipt or a ticket for travel/events.

The French word étiquette is a fascinating term because it carries two primary meanings that, while seemingly different, share a common historical root. In its most literal and everyday sense, an étiquette is a physical label. Think of the small sticker on an apple at the grocery store, the cardboard tag hanging from a new sweater, or the adhesive label on a wine bottle. It provides essential data: price, size, origin, or ingredients. This usage is ubiquitous in commerce, logistics, and organization. However, the word also transitions into the abstract realm, referring to the social 'labels' or rules we follow to navigate society smoothly. This second meaning—social etiquette—dictates how one should behave at a formal dinner, in a business meeting, or during a diplomatic encounter. In French, just as in English, the word implies a set of expectations. If someone lacks 'étiquette,' they are perceived as rude or unrefined. The versatility of the word allows it to move from the mundane task of labeling boxes in a garage to the high-stakes environment of international diplomacy.

La petite étiquette
This refers to the physical tag. It is the object you remove before wearing a new shirt or the sticker you peel off a gift to hide the price. In a professional context, it can also refer to a name tag worn at a conference.
Le protocole et l'étiquette
This refers to the social code. It encompasses the unwritten rules of behavior that signal respect and social standing. In France, where social rituals (like the 'bise' or specific table manners) are significant, understanding 'l'étiquette' is key to integration.

N'oublie pas d'enlever l' étiquette du prix avant d'offrir le cadeau.

L' étiquette à la cour de Louis XIV était extrêmement stricte et complexe.

Historically, the word comes from the Old French 'estiquette,' meaning a small post or a ticket stuck on a post. In the royal courts, these 'tickets' were used to inform people where they were allowed to walk or sit. Over time, the physical ticket became synonymous with the rule it represented. This is why today, whether you are looking at a barcode on a cereal box or wondering which fork to use for salad, you are dealing with an 'étiquette.' Learners should be careful not to confuse it with 'un ticket,' which usually refers to a receipt or a transport ticket (like a metro ticket). 'Étiquette' is specifically the informational tag attached to an object or the abstract social code.

Il y a une étiquette sur la bouteille de vin qui explique son origine.

Étiquette de bagage
The luggage tag you fill out with your name and address before a flight.

Using étiquette correctly requires understanding its grammatical role as a feminine noun. It is almost always preceded by feminine articles: une étiquette, l'étiquette, or cette étiquette. When referring to the physical object, it often appears in contexts related to shopping, organizing, or shipping. For example, 'L'étiquette est mal collée' (The label is badly stuck). If you are talking about several labels, it becomes plural: 'Les étiquettes sont tombées' (The labels fell off). The word is also frequently used in compound nouns to specify the type of label, though often the preposition 'de' is used to link them. For instance, 'une étiquette de prix' (a price tag) or 'une étiquette de composition' (a care/composition label on clothes).

Physical Placement
When describing where a label is, you use 'sur'. Example: 'Regardez les instructions sur l'étiquette' (Look at the instructions on the label).

Je ne trouve pas l' étiquette pour voir la taille de ce pantalon.

In the abstract sense of social behavior, the word is often used with verbs like 'respecter' (to respect/follow) or 'connaître' (to know). For example, 'Il ne respecte pas l'étiquette' (He doesn't follow etiquette). In this context, it rarely takes a plural form unless referring to different sets of rules across various cultures. It is a singular concept of 'proper behavior.' You might also hear it in political or professional contexts where it refers to a person's affiliation or 'label.' For instance, 'Il se présente sous l'étiquette socialiste' (He is running under the Socialist label/banner).

Dans les dîners officiels, l' étiquette exige que l'on attende que l'hôte commence à manger.

When using the verb form 'étiqueter', be aware of the spelling change in some conjugations. For example, 'j'étiquette' (I label) doubles the 't' to maintain the correct vowel sound, similar to 'j'appelle'. This verb is used both for putting stickers on boxes and for the metaphorical act of stereotyping someone. 'On ne peut pas étiqueter les gens aussi facilement' (You can't label people so easily). This versatility makes 'étiquette' and its derivatives essential for both basic and advanced French communication.

Common Verbs used with Étiquette
Coller (to stick), décoller (to peel off), lire (to read), imprimer (to print), changer (to change).

You will encounter the word étiquette in a variety of real-world French environments. The most common place is undoubtedly in retail. Whether you are in a high-end boutique on the Champs-Élysées or a local supermarket like Carrefour, you will hear customers asking, 'Où est l'étiquette ?' if they can't find a price. Sales assistants might say, 'Je dois étiqueter ces nouveaux articles' (I need to label these new items). In the world of fashion, 'l'étiquette de marque' is the designer label that many people look for to verify authenticity. If you are shipping a package at 'La Poste', the clerk will ask you to stick the 'étiquette d'expédition' (shipping label) clearly on the box.

À la caisse, la vendeuse a scanné l' étiquette du pull.

In a domestic setting, 'étiquette' is used when organizing. If you are moving house, you might put 'étiquettes' on boxes to indicate which room they belong to: 'cuisine', 'chambre', 'salon'. In the kitchen, many French people use small 'étiquettes autocollantes' (self-adhesive labels) for their homemade jams (confitures) or spice jars. It’s a word associated with order and clarity. In schools, children are often asked to put an 'étiquette' with their name on their notebooks and pens to avoid losing them.

Moving to the social and professional sphere, you will hear 'étiquette' in discussions about manners and protocol. In news reports about diplomatic visits or royal ceremonies, commentators will often discuss the 'étiquette rigoureuse' (rigorous etiquette) required for the event. In business, 'l'étiquette professionnelle' refers to how one should conduct themselves in meetings, email correspondence, and networking events. You might hear a manager say, 'Il est important de respecter l'étiquette de notre entreprise' (It's important to respect our company's etiquette/code of conduct). Finally, in political debates, journalists often refer to a candidate's 'étiquette politique' to describe which party they represent, especially if they are running as an independent or switching sides.

In the Media
You'll see headlines like 'Nouvelle étiquette nutritionnelle' (New nutritional label) referring to the Nutri-Score system used on food packaging in France.

L' étiquette de ce vin indique qu'il provient de Bordeaux.

The most frequent mistake English speakers make is confusing étiquette with ticket. In English, we often use 'ticket' for a variety of things, but in French, the distinction is sharp. A 'ticket' (pronounced 'tee-keh') is usually a receipt (ticket de caisse), a transport ticket (ticket de métro), or a ticket for an event (ticket de cinéma). An 'étiquette' is specifically the label attached to an object. If you ask for an 'étiquette' at the supermarket checkout, the cashier will think you want a sticker, not your receipt. Always remember: if it gives information about an object it's attached to, it's an étiquette; if it's a proof of purchase or entry, it's a ticket.

Étiquette vs. Ticket
Étiquette = Label/Tag. Ticket = Receipt/Billet/Voucher.

Faux-ami alert: Don't say 'Je peux avoir l' étiquette ?' when you want the receipt. Say 'Le ticket, s'il vous plaît'.

Another common error involves gender. Because 'étiquette' ends in '-ette', it is feminine (la/une). However, because it starts with a vowel, learners often forget the gender when using the definite article 'l''. This leads to mistakes when adding adjectives. For instance, you must say 'une petite étiquette' (feminine) and not 'un petit étiquette'. Similarly, 'l'étiquette blanche' (the white label) requires the feminine form of the adjective. Pay close attention to the agreement of adjectives following the word.

In the context of social behavior, English speakers sometimes use 'manières' (manners) and 'étiquette' interchangeably. While related, 'l'étiquette' refers more to the formal system of rules, whereas 'les manières' refers to personal behavior. You might have 'bonnes manières' (good manners), but you follow 'l'étiquette'. Using 'l'étiquette' when you mean 'manners' in a casual setting can sound overly formal or academic. Conversely, in a diplomatic or royal context, using 'manières' would be too simplistic; 'l'étiquette' is the correct, precise term for the protocol involved.

Translation Trap
In music, 'a label' (like Sony or Universal) is not 'une étiquette' but 'une maison de disques' or 'un label' (borrowed from English but used specifically for music).

Correct: Son label de musique s'appelle 'Blue Note'. (Not étiquette).

Depending on the context, you might want to use a word more specific than étiquette. For physical objects, several alternatives exist. Une vignette often refers to a small sticker, especially those used for taxes (like the old French car tax sticker) or small decorative stickers. Un écusson is a patch or badge, usually made of fabric and sewn onto a uniform. Un marquage is a more technical term used in industry to describe the marking or branding on a product. If you are talking about the brand name itself on a piece of clothing, you might use la griffe (literally 'the claw'), which refers to a designer's signature label.

Étiquette vs. Vignette
Étiquette is a general tag; Vignette is often a specific tax sticker or a small graphic.

Cette robe porte la griffe d'un grand couturier parisien.

In the realm of social behavior, le protocole is the closest synonym to 'l'étiquette'. However, 'protocole' is usually reserved for extremely formal, official, or diplomatic situations. You follow 'le protocole' when meeting a president. Le savoir-vivre is a beautiful French term that translates to 'knowing how to live.' It encompasses etiquette but also implies a deeper sense of social grace, elegance, and consideration for others. Le code (as in 'les codes sociaux') is a more modern way to describe the rules of a specific group or subculture. For example, 'connaître les codes de la rue' (knowing the rules of the street).

Étiquette vs. Savoir-vivre
Étiquette is the rulebook; Savoir-vivre is the art of applying those rules with grace.

Metaphorically, when 'étiquette' is used to mean a category or stereotype, you can use une catégorie, une classification, or the idiom une case (a box). In French, 'mettre quelqu'un dans une case' means to pigeonhole someone or put a label on them. This is often used negatively to suggest that someone is being oversimplified or judged based on a single characteristic. Understanding these nuances helps you choose the word that best fits the level of formality and the specific meaning you wish to convey.

Il refuse toute étiquette politique et se dit indépendant.

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レベル別の例文

1

Regarde l'étiquette du prix.

Look at the price tag.

Uses the definite article 'l'' because 'étiquette' starts with a vowel.

2

Il y a une étiquette sur mon cahier.

There is a label on my notebook.

Uses 'une' because 'étiquette' is feminine.

3

Où est l'étiquette de ce pantalon ?

Where is the tag for these pants?

Common question structure 'Où est...?'

4

L'étiquette est petite.

The tag is small.

Adjective 'petite' agrees with the feminine noun.

5

Je lis l'étiquette.

I am reading the label.

Present tense of 'lire' (to read).

6

C'est une étiquette blanche.

It is a white label.

Adjective 'blanche' is the feminine form of 'blanc'.

7

Elle enlève l'étiquette.

She is removing the tag.

Verb 'enlever' means to remove or take off.

8

Le prix est sur l'étiquette.

The price is on the tag.

Preposition 'sur' indicates location on a surface.

1

N'oublie pas de mettre une étiquette sur ta valise.

Don't forget to put a tag on your suitcase.

Imperative mood 'N'oublie pas' (Don't forget).

2

Je cherche l'étiquette de lavage pour ce pull.

I am looking for the washing label for this sweater.

Compound noun 'étiquette de lavage'.

3

L'étiquette indique que c'est du coton.

The label indicates that it is cotton.

Verb 'indiquer' (to indicate/show).

4

Il a collé une étiquette sur la boîte.

He stuck a label on the box.

Passé composé with 'avoir'.

5

Ces étiquettes sont très difficiles à décoller.

These labels are very difficult to peel off.

Plural form 'étiquettes' and adjective agreement 'difficiles'.

6

L'étiquette est tombée dans le magasin.

The tag fell off in the store.

Passé composé of 'tomber' (to fall), which uses 'être'.

7

Tu peux écrire ton nom sur l'étiquette.

You can write your name on the label.

Modal verb 'peux' followed by infinitive 'écrire'.

8

L'étiquette de la bouteille est très jolie.

The label on the bottle is very pretty.

Adjective 'jolie' agrees with 'étiquette'.

1

Il est important de respecter l'étiquette à table.

It is important to respect table etiquette.

Abstract use of 'étiquette' meaning social rules.

2

Elle refuse qu'on lui mette une étiquette.

She refuses to be labeled (stereotyped).

Metaphorical use; 'mettre une étiquette à quelqu'un'.

3

L'étiquetage des produits bio est très strict.

The labeling of organic products is very strict.

Related noun 'étiquetage' (the process of labeling).

4

L'étiquette de ce vin mentionne le château.

The label of this wine mentions the castle (estate).

Verb 'mentionner' (to mention).

5

On a étiqueté tous les dossiers par ordre alphabétique.

We labeled all the files in alphabetical order.

Verb 'étiqueter' in the passé composé.

6

L'étiquette sociale change selon les pays.

Social etiquette changes according to the country.

Adjective 'sociale' modifies 'étiquette'.

7

Je ne trouve pas l'étiquette de prix sur ce produit.

I can't find the price tag on this product.

Negative structure 'ne... pas'.

8

Il faut vérifier l'étiquette avant de laver ce tissu.

You must check the label before washing this fabric.

Verb 'vérifier' (to check/verify).

1

Le candidat se présente sans étiquette politique.

The candidate is running without a political label (as an independent).

Fixed expression 'sans étiquette'.

2

L'étiquette diplomatique impose un protocole rigide.

Diplomatic etiquette imposes a rigid protocol.

Formal usage in a political context.

3

L'étiquette de 'génie' est parfois lourde à porter.

The label of 'genius' is sometimes heavy to carry.

Metaphorical use of 'étiquette' as a reputation.

4

Le nouveau système d'étiquetage nutritionnel aide les consommateurs.

The new nutritional labeling system helps consumers.

Complex noun phrase 'système d'étiquetage nutritionnel'.

5

L'étiquette à la cour de Versailles était un instrument de pouvoir.

Etiquette at the court of Versailles was an instrument of power.

Historical reference.

6

Elle a toujours respecté l'étiquette, même dans les moments difficiles.

She always respected etiquette, even in difficult moments.

Adverb 'toujours' placed after the auxiliary verb.

7

L'étiquette de marque est souvent un gage de qualité.

The brand label is often a guarantee of quality.

Noun 'gage' (guarantee/pledge).

8

On ne peut pas réduire cet artiste à une seule étiquette.

One cannot reduce this artist to a single label.

Verb 'réduire' (to reduce).

1

L'étiquette de 'pays en développement' est aujourd'hui contestée.

The label of 'developing country' is now being contested.

Use of the passive voice 'est contestée'.

2

L'étiquette régit les moindres faits et gestes des membres de la royauté.

Etiquette governs the slightest actions and gestures of royalty.

Verb 'régir' (to govern/rule).

3

Il s'est affranchi de l'étiquette bourgeoise de son milieu d'origine.

He freed himself from the bourgeois etiquette of his background.

Pronominal verb 's'affranchir de' (to free oneself from).

4

La nétiquette est essentielle pour maintenir un débat sain en ligne.

Netiquette is essential for maintaining a healthy debate online.

Portmanteau word 'nétiquette' (net + étiquette).

5

L'étiquetage social peut mener à une stigmatisation durable.

Social labeling can lead to lasting stigmatization.

Sociological terminology.

6

L'étiquette de ce produit de luxe est d'une sobriété absolue.

The label of this luxury product is absolutely sober (minimalist).

Noun 'sobriété' (sobriety/minimalism).

7

Il est fascinant d'étudier l'évolution de l'étiquette à travers les siècles.

It is fascinating to study the evolution of etiquette through the centuries.

Infinitive construction 'Il est [adjective] de [infinitive]'.

8

L'étiquette ne doit pas être un carcan, mais un guide.

Etiquette should not be a straitjacket, but a guide.

Metaphorical use of 'carcan'.

1

L'étiquette, loin d'être une futilité, structure la hiérarchie sociale.

Etiquette, far from being a futility, structures the social hierarchy.

Sophisticated sentence structure with 'loin d'être'.

2

Il jongle avec les étiquettes pour mieux dissimuler sa véritable identité.

He juggles with labels to better hide his true identity.

Metaphorical use of 'jongler' (to juggle).

3

L'étiquette de la tragédie classique impose des règles d'unité strictes.

The 'etiquette' (conventions) of classical tragedy imposes strict rules of unity.

Applying the concept of 'étiquette' to literary conventions.

4

L'étiquetage systématique des individus nuit à la complexité humaine.

The systematic labeling of individuals harms human complexity.

Verb 'nuire à' (to harm/damage).

5

Sous l'étiquette de la bienfaisance se cachent parfois des intérêts financiers.

Under the label of charity, financial interests are sometimes hidden.

Inversion of subject and verb.

6

L'étiquette de l'époque interdisait aux femmes de voyager seules.

The etiquette of the time prohibited women from traveling alone.

Historical social analysis.

7

La déconstruction des étiquettes est au cœur de sa réflexion philosophique.

The deconstruction of labels is at the heart of his philosophical reflection.

Advanced philosophical vocabulary.

8

L'étiquette protocolaire a été assouplie pour favoriser le dialogue.

The protocol etiquette was relaxed to favor dialogue.

Passive voice 'a été assouplie'.

よく使う組み合わせ

étiquette de prix
étiquette de bagage
étiquette autocollante
étiquette de lavage
étiquette politique
étiquette diplomatique
étiquette nutritionnelle
respecter l'étiquette
coller une étiquette
enlever l'étiquette

よく使うフレーズ

sans étiquette

— In politics, it means an independent candidate. In a general sense, it means without a label.

C'est un mair

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