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The Gujarati Script: Swar and Vyanjan

5 トータルルール
50 例文
1 分
このチャプターのルール クイック練習

Chapter in 30 Seconds

Unlock the logic of the Gujarati script by mastering the foundational building blocks of every word.

  • Identify all 11 primary vowels and their unique sounds.
  • Categorize consonants into phonetic groups based on mouth position.
  • Distinguish between soft and breathy sounds to improve native-like pronunciation.
From silent symbols to vibrant sounds.

学べること

Introduction to the beautiful Gujarati script and its phonetic foundation. You will learn to recognize vowels and consonants.

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to recognize and write the 11 basic Gujarati vowels (Swar).
  2. 2
    By the end you will be able to categorize consonants by their place of articulation in the mouth.
  3. 3
    By the end you will be able to produce distinct aspirated and unaspirated pairs like 'Ka' and 'Kha'.
  4. 4
    By the end you will be able to correctly position your tongue for retroflex consonants unique to Indian languages.
  5. 5
    By the end you will be able to apply the Anusvar dot to nasalize vowels in written words.

重要な例文 (8)

1

આજે રજા છે.

Today is a holiday.

グジャラート語の母音：文字の魂 (Swar)
2

મને કોફી ગમે છે.

I like coffee.

グジャラート語の母音：文字の魂 (Swar)
3

ક થી કમળ.

K is for Lotus.

グジャラート語の子音グリッド (Vyanjan)
4

મને ખુરશી આપો.

Give me the chair.

グジャラート語の子音グリッド (Vyanjan)
5

Tame `kaal` aavsho?

Will you come tomorrow?

グジャラート語の発音：有気音と無気音の違い
6

Aa phal ni `khaal` kaadhi naakho.

Remove the skin/peel of this fruit.

グジャラート語の発音：有気音と無気音の違い
7

ṭapālī ṭapāl lāvyō.

The postman brought the mail.

グジャラート語の反舌音：舌を丸める音 (ટ, ડ, ળ)
8

mārī gāḍī kyā̃ chē?

Where is my car?

グジャラート語の反舌音：舌を丸める音 (ટ, ડ, ળ)

ヒントとコツ (4)

💡

The 'No Line' Rule

If you are coming from Hindi, the biggest tip is: STOP drawing the line on top. Gujarati letters are free spirits!
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: グジャラート語の母音：文字の魂 (Swar)
🎯

The 'Mirror' Trick

If you struggle with દ (da) and ધ (dha), remember that ધ has a 'head' (the small circle). Wealth (Dhan) needs a head to think about it!
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: グジャラート語の子音グリッド (Vyanjan)
🎯

The Tissue Trick

Hold a single ply of tissue in front of your mouth. It should only move when you say aspirated sounds like kh, gh, or bh.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: グジャラート語の発音：有気音と無気音の違い
🎯

The 'English T' Hack

If you're stuck, remember that the English 'T' is closer to the Gujarati retroflex 'ટ' than the dental 'ત'. Use your English 'T' as a starting point and curl back further.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: グジャラート語の反舌音：舌を丸める音 (ટ, ડ, ળ)

重要な語彙 (7)

અજગર Ajagar (Python) કમળ Kamal (Lotus) ઘર Ghar (House) ટપાલી Tapali (Postman) પતંગ Patang (Kite) ફળ Phal (Fruit) નમસ્તે Namaste (Hello)

Real-World Preview

store

Reading a Shop Sign

Review Summary

  • અ, આ, ઇ, ઈ...
  • ક, ખ, ગ, ઘ...
  • Consonant + Breath
  • Tongue to Roof
  • Letter + Dot (ં)

よくある間違い

These two letters look very similar to beginners. 'Kha' is more complex with an extra stroke at the beginning.

Wrong: Writing 'બ' (Ba) instead of 'ખ' (Kha)
正解: ખ (Kha) has a distinct loop and hook.

English speakers often use a dental 'T' (tongue against teeth), but Gujarati requires a tongue-flip for the 'T' group.

Wrong: Pronouncing 'ઠ' (Tha) as a flat 'T' sound.
正解: ઠ (Tha) is retroflex; curl your tongue back to the roof of your mouth.

Without the dot, 'Patang' would sound like 'Patag', which is not a word.

Wrong: Ignoring the Anusvar dot in 'પતંગ' (Patang).
正解: Always pronounce the nasal sound when you see the dot.

Next Steps

You've successfully built the foundation! The Gujarati script is a work of art, and you've just learned to read its first strokes. Keep practicing those retroflexes!

Trace the Gujarati alphabet 5 times.

Record yourself saying the aspirated pairs (Ka/Kha, Ga/Gha).

Continue to: Matras and Conjuncts

クイック練習 (10)

Which word means 'Color'?

Choose the correct spelling:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: રંગ
'રંગ' with the Anusvar (dot) means color. 'રગ' means vein.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 鼻音の点：アヌスバール (Anusvar) をマスターする (ં)

Which word means 'tomorrow'?

Choose the correct spelling for 'tomorrow':

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: કાલ (kaal)
kaal with an unaspirated 'k' means tomorrow. khaal means skin.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: グジャラート語の発音：有気音と無気音の違い

Which letter is the retroflex 'T'?

Identify the retroflex 'T' sound:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ટ (ṭa)
ટ (ṭa) is the retroflex sound where the tongue curls back. ત (ta) is the dental version.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: グジャラート語の反舌音：舌を丸める音 (ટ, ડ, ળ)

Fix the mistake in the sentence about closing a window.

Find and fix the mistake:

ભારી બંધ કરો (Bhari bandh karo).

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: બારી બંધ કરો (Baari bandh karo)
You should use baari (window), not bhari (filled).

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: グジャラート語の発音：有気音と無気音の違い

Fill in the blank to say 'I'

___ ગુજરાતી છું.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: હું
'હું' (with the dot) is the correct pronoun for 'I' in Gujarati.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 鼻音の点：アヌスバール (Anusvar) をマスターする (ં)

Fix the vowel in the word for 'One' (Ek).

Find and fix the mistake:

ઇક (Ik)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: એક
The number one is pronounced 'Ek', which starts with the independent vowel એ.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: グジャラート語の母音：文字の魂 (Swar)

Which of these uses the 'e' matra correctly for the word 'Kem' (How)?

How do you write 'Kem'?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: કેમ
The 'e' sound is represented by a single diagonal stroke ે above the consonant.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: グジャラート語の母音：文字の魂 (Swar)

Which letter represents the aspirated version of 'ક' (ka)?

Select the correct aspirated consonant:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ખ
'ખ' (kha) is the aspirated form of 'ક' (ka) in the Velar row.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: グジャラート語の子音グリッド (Vyanjan)

Find the missing dot

Find and fix the mistake:

આ છોકરી સુદર છે. (This girl is beautiful.)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: આ છોકરી સુંદર છે.
The dot must go on the 'સ' to make the 'n' sound in 'Sundar'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 鼻音の点：アヌスバール (Anusvar) をマスターする (ં)

Correct the letter for 'Wealth' (Dhan).

Find and fix the mistake:

દન

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ધન
'Dhan' uses the aspirated 'ધ' (dha), not the dental 'દ' (da).

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: グジャラート語の子音グリッド (Vyanjan)

Score: /10

よくある質問 (6)

A matra is a vowel sign attached to a consonant to change its sound. For example, ક (ka) + ા (aa) = કા (kaa).
There are usually 12-13 main vowels taught, including the nasal sound (Anusvar) and the breathy sound (Visarga).
Gujarati evolved from the same ancestor as Hindi but dropped the 'Shirorekha' (top bar) in the 16th century to make writing faster for merchants and accountants.
There are 34 basic consonants, though some lists include compound letters like ક્ષ and જ્ઞ, bringing the total higher.
It is a burst of air that follows a consonant. Think of it like adding a mini 'h' sound immediately after the main letter.
Yes, most Indo-Aryan languages like Hindi, Marathi, and Bengali share this exact same system of aspirated pairs.
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Matras and Conjuncts
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