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B2 adjective 9分で読める

معیشتی

ma'ishati
例文 メモとヒント معیشتی 30秒で
解説 معیشتی in your Level:
At the A1 level, the word 'معیشتی' (ma'ishati) is quite advanced, but you can understand it as a word related to 'money for life.' Think of it as the money you need to buy food, bread, and milk. In Persian, 'zendegi' means life. 'Ma'ishati' is like an adjective for 'things you need to stay alive.' You might hear it when people talk about 'yaraneh' (money the government gives to people). If you see this word, just think: 'This is about basic money and food.' You don't need to use it in your own speaking yet, but recognizing that it starts with the same sound as 'money' (pool) in some contexts of thought can help. It's about the 'life-stuff' you buy at the store.
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For A2 learners, 'معیشتی' (ma'ishati) is a word you will see in news headlines or on bank websites. It comes from 'ma'ishat,' which means 'livelihood.' An A2 student should know that this word usually describes 'vaziyat' (situation) or 'moshkelat' (problems). If someone says 'vaziyat-e ma'ishati-ye man khub nist,' they mean 'My financial situation for living is not good.' It is more specific than just 'money.' It's about the ability to afford a house and food. You can start to recognize it in the phrase 'sabad-e ma'ishati' (livelihood basket), which is like a shopping list of basic things every family needs. It's an important word to know if you want to understand how people feel about their daily lives.
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At the B1 level, you should be able to use 'معیشتی' (ma'ishati) in simple discussions about social issues. You understand that it's an adjective. You should know common collocations like 'کمک معیشتی' (livelihood assistance) and 'بحران معیشتی' (livelihood crisis). At this level, you can distinguish between 'mali' (financial) and 'ma'ishati' (livelihood). You might use it to explain why someone is working two jobs: 'Be khater-e moshkelat-e ma'ishati, u do ta kar darad' (Because of livelihood problems, he has two jobs). You are beginning to see how this word is used in the media to talk about the 'working class' and their struggles. It's a key word for moving from basic conversation to discussing real-world problems.
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At the B2 level, 'معیشتی' (ma'ishati) is a core part of your vocabulary for discussing economics, politics, and social justice. You should understand the nuance that this word carries a human element—it's not just about numbers, but about people's ability to survive. You can use it in complex sentences with the Ezafe construction and understand it in fast-paced news broadcasts. You should be familiar with 'sabad-e ma'ishat' as an economic indicator and be able to discuss how 'tavarom' (inflation) affects the 'vaziyat-e ma'ishati' of different social classes. You also know that it's a formal word but widely used in common speech when talking about serious topics. You can differentiate it from 'refahi' (welfare) and 'mo'asharati' (social).
For C1 learners, 'معیشتی' (ma'ishati) is a tool for precise expression. You use it to analyze the 'nezaam-e ma'ishati' (livelihood system) of a country or the 'asib-paziri-ye ma'ishati' (livelihood vulnerability) of specific populations. You understand its etymological roots in Arabic and how it connects to other words like 'aaysh' (living). You can read academic papers or high-level editorials that use this word to discuss the 'standard of living' (sat-he ma'ishat) versus 'quality of life' (keyfiyat-e zendegi). You are comfortable using it in debates to argue about government policy, minimum wage, and the social contract. Your usage is natural, and you can spot the subtle emotional undertones when it's used in political rhetoric to garner sympathy.
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At the C2 level, you have a masterly command of 'معیشتی' (ma'ishati). You understand its use in classical and modern literature, as well as its specific legal and economic definitions in Iranian law. You can discuss the 'falsafe-ye ma'ishat' (philosophy of livelihood) and how it has changed over decades of Iranian history. You recognize the word in various registers, from the grit of a labor strike to the sterile environment of an IMF report. You can use it metaphorically or in highly specific technical contexts, such as 'ma'ishat-e paydar' (sustainable livelihood). You also understand how it interacts with other complex terms like 'edalat-e totezi'i' (distributive justice) and can provide a deep cultural analysis of why this word is so central to the contemporary Iranian psyche.
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例文 メモとヒント

معیشتی 30秒で

  • Ma'ishati means 'related to livelihood' or 'means of living.'
  • It is a formal adjective commonly used in news and economics.
  • It often appears in phrases like 'vaziyat-e ma'ishati' (livelihood situation).
  • It focuses on basic needs like food, housing, and essential costs.

The Persian word معیشتی (ma'ishati) is a sophisticated adjective derived from the Arabic root 'A-Y-SH' (ع-ی-ش), which fundamentally relates to life, living, and existence. In contemporary Persian, specifically in Iran, this word has evolved to carry significant economic and sociopolitical weight. It does not merely mean 'living' in a biological sense, but rather pertains to the means of living—the financial, material, and structural resources required to sustain a household or an individual. When you hear this word on the news or in a marketplace, it almost always refers to the struggle or the management of daily expenses, bread-and-butter issues, and the standard of living. It is the bridge between pure economics and the reality of human survival.

Economic Context
Used to describe the 'livelihood basket' or the minimum set of goods required for survival.
Sociological Register
Refers to the quality of life and the pressures faced by the working class regarding their basic needs.

Understanding معیشتی requires recognizing its role in the Iranian public discourse. Since the Iranian economy has faced various challenges, including inflation and sanctions, the term 'problems of livelihood' (مشکلات معیشتی) has become a staple of daily conversation. It is a word that evokes empathy and urgency. It is less clinical than 'economic' (اقتصادی) and more focused on the human impact of financial policies. For instance, a government might discuss 'economic growth' in abstract terms, but the people will discuss their 'livelihood situation' (وضعیت معیشتی) to express whether they can afford meat, rice, and housing.

دولت باید برای بهبود شرایط معیشتی مردم فورا اقدام کند.

Translation: The government must take immediate action to improve the livelihood conditions of the people.

The term is also frequently paired with 'basket' (سبد) to form 'sabad-e ma'ishati' (the livelihood basket). This is a technical term used by labor unions and economists to calculate the minimum wage. It includes the cost of calories, housing, health, and education. Therefore, when a Persian speaker uses this word, they are often pointing toward the fundamental rights and necessities of a human being within a society. It is a word of the kitchen table, the grocery store, and the parliament floor alike.

In summary, معیشتی is an essential word for anyone wishing to understand Persian media or engage in serious conversations about life in Iran. It encapsulates the essence of the 'cost of living' and the 'standard of living' into a single, powerful adjective that resonates with the lived experience of millions.

Using معیشتی correctly involves understanding its placement as an adjective that modifies nouns related to state, condition, or items. Because it ends in the 'i' suffix (ی), it often follows the Ezafe construction, where it is linked to the preceding noun with a short 'e' sound. For example, in 'vaziyat-e ma'ishati' (livelihood situation), the 'e' after 'vaziyat' connects it to our target word.

بسیاری از خانواده‌ها با بحران معیشتی روبرو هستند.

Translation: Many families are facing a livelihood crisis.
Noun + معیشتی
Common pairings include 'moshkelat' (problems), 'vaziyat' (situation), 'sabad' (basket), and 'niyaz-ha' (needs).

One of the most common ways you will see this word used in modern Iran is in the context of 'کمک معیشتی' (ma'ishati assistance). This refers to government subsidies or cash transfers intended to help low-income families afford basic goods. If you are reading a news headline about 'varizi-ye ma'ishati' (livelihood deposit), it refers to the moment the government puts this subsidy money into people's bank accounts.

بسته‌های معیشتی شامل برنج و روغن بین نیازمندان توزیع شد.

Translation: Livelihood packages including rice and oil were distributed among the needy.

In a more academic or professional setting, you might use it to describe 'doshvari-haye ma'ishati' (livelihood difficulties) when discussing labor rights or economic policy. It is a formal word, but it is so commonly used in news that it feels accessible to everyone. You wouldn't typically use it in a very casual chat about buying a new video game, as that isn't a 'necessity of living,' but you would use it if you were talking about how the rising price of bread affects your 'livelihood.'

To master this word, practice using it with 'vaziyat' (situation). Asking 'Vaziyat-e ma'ishati chetor ast?' (How is the livelihood situation?) is a deep, serious way to ask about someone's financial well-being or the state of the country's economy.

If you turn on an Iranian news channel like IRINN or read newspapers like 'Etemad' or 'Kayhan', you will encounter معیشتی almost daily. It is the primary term used to discuss the intersection of the economy and the average citizen's life. In televised debates, politicians often use it to criticize their opponents, claiming that the 'livelihood of the people' has been neglected. It is a word that carries political ammunition.

نمایندگان مجلس درباره مشکلات معیشتی بازنشستگان بحث کردند.

Translation: Members of Parliament discussed the livelihood problems of retirees.

Beyond the news, you will hear this word in documentaries and social reports. When a reporter interviews a worker at a factory, the worker might say, 'Ma'ishat-e ma be khatar oftade' (Our livelihood has fallen into danger). Here, the word becomes a plea for help or a statement of fact about the difficulty of making ends meet. It is also found in official government SMS notifications. If you have an Iranian bank account, you might receive a message saying, 'Yarane-ye ma'ishati variz shod' (The livelihood subsidy has been deposited).

Radio & Podcasts
Economic analysts use it to describe the 'purchasing power' (qodrat-e kharid) and its relation to livelihood.
Social Media
Hashtags like #معیشت are used to highlight social inequality and economic struggles.

Interestingly, you might also hear it in religious sermons (Khutbahs) during Friday prayers. Clerics often speak about the duty of the state to provide for the 'ma'ishat' of the believers, citing Islamic principles of social justice. This gives the word a moral and ethical dimension that a purely technical economic term might lack. In this context, providing for someone's 'ma'ishat' is seen as a sacred duty.

Whether in a high-level policy document or a heartfelt conversation between friends about the rising cost of living, معیشتی is the word that bridges the gap between the abstract world of finance and the concrete reality of survival.

One of the most frequent mistakes learners make with معیشتی is confusing it with other words that sound similar but have vastly different meanings. The most common culprit is معاشرتی (mo'asharati). While they share a similar phonetic rhythm and even some root letters, 'mo'asharati' refers to 'socializing' or 'gregariousness.' If you say you have 'moshkelat-e mo'asharati,' people will think you are shy or have social anxiety, whereas 'moshkelat-e ma'ishati' means you are struggling to pay your bills.

Wrong
سبد معاشرتی (Socializing basket - Makes no sense)
Right
سبد معیشتی (Livelihood basket)

Another mistake is using 'ma'ishati' when you should use 'eqtesadi' (economic). While they are related, 'eqtesadi' is broader. You can have an 'eqtesadi' theory or an 'eqtesadi' system, but you wouldn't usually call them 'ma'ishati.' معیشتی is specifically about the *human* side of the economy—the part that affects your ability to eat, sleep, and live comfortably. Use 'eqtesadi' for the science and 'ma'ishati' for the struggle.

اشتباه: رشد معیشتی کشور (Growth of the country's livelihood - Awkward).
درست: رشد اقتصادی کشور (The country's economic growth).

Learners also sometimes forget the 'i' (ی) at the end and use the noun 'ma'ishat' (معیشت) as an adjective. Remember that in Persian, to describe a noun with another noun, you either use the Ezafe to show possession or add the 'i' suffix to turn the second noun into an adjective. 'Vaziyat-e ma'ishat' (The state of livelihood) is okay, but 'Vaziyat-e ma'ishati' (The livelihood state) is much more natural and common in modern speech.

Finally, avoid using this word in overly trivial contexts. It is a word of weight. Using it to describe the 'livelihood' of a pet or a hobby might sound unintentionally funny or overly dramatic to a native speaker. Reserve it for human economic conditions and survival necessities.

While معیشتی is a very specific term, there are several other words in Persian that occupy a similar semantic space. Understanding the nuances between them will help you choose the right word for the right situation. The most frequent alternative is اقتصادی (eqtesadi), which means 'economic.' As discussed, 'eqtesadi' is the umbrella term, whereas 'ma'ishati' is a subset focused on survival and basic needs.

معیشتی vs. رفاهی (Refahi)
'Ma'ishati' is about survival and basic needs. 'Refahi' (welfare/well-being) is about comfort and quality of life. You solve 'ma'ishati' problems first, then you look for 'refahi' improvements.
معیشتی vs. مالی (Mali)
'Mali' simply means 'financial.' You can have 'financial' records or 'financial' software, but 'ma'ishati' implies the human experience of those finances.

Another word often used in similar contexts is زیستی (zisti), which means 'biological' or 'related to living.' However, 'zisti' is usually used in scientific or environmental contexts, like 'environment' (mohit-e zist). You wouldn't use 'zisti' to talk about your salary or the price of bread. 'Ma'ishati' remains the king of the 'cost of living' domain.

مقایسه:
۱. مشکلات معیشتی (Livelihood problems - bread/rent)
۲. مشکلات مالی (Financial problems - debt/banking)
۳. مشکلات اقتصادی (Economic problems - inflation/recession)

If you want to sound more literary, you might encounter the word ارزاق (arzaq), which is the plural of 'rizq' (sustenance/daily bread). While 'ma'ishati' is the modern adjective, 'arzaq' is often used in the phrase 'arzaq-e omumi' (public provisions/staple foods). In a modern news report, 'ma'ishati' is much more common, but 'arzaq' adds a traditional or formal flavor to the discussion of food supplies.

In summary, use معیشتی when the focus is on the essential means of survival, use 'eqtesadi' for the broader system, 'mali' for the cold hard cash, and 'refahi' for the level of comfort and social welfare.

How Formal Is It?

フォーマル

"ارتقای سطح معیشتی آحاد جامعه از اهداف کلان است."

ニュートラル

"وضعیت معیشتی در سال‌های اخیر دشوار شده است."

カジュアル

"با این حقوق، معیشتمون لنگ می‌مونه."

Child friendly

"بابا پول میاره تا زندگی ما راحت باشه."

スラング

"تو لنگ معیشتی؟"

豆知識

The word 'aysh' in Persian today often means 'partying' or 'luxury,' but its derivative 'ma'ishat' is very serious and refers to the struggle for basic survival. They are two sides of the same 'living' coin.

発音ガイド

UK /ma.iː.ʃæ.tiː/
US /mɑː.i.ʃæ.ti/
The primary stress is on the final syllable 'ti'.
韻が合う語
دولتی (dowlati) صنعتی (san'ati) قیمتی (qeymati) صورتی (sorati) غربتی (ghorbati) شربتی (sharbati) نوبتی (nobati) خدمتی (khedmati)
よくある間違い
  • Pronouncing it as 'ma-sha-ti' (missing the 'ee' sound).
  • Confusing the 'sh' with 's'.
  • Putting the stress on the first syllable.
  • Dropping the final 'i' sound.
  • Pronouncing 'ma' like 'may'.

難易度

読解 7/5

Common in news but requires understanding of economic context.

ライティング 8/5

Requires correct Ezafe and spelling of the 'Ayn' and 'Shin'.

スピーキング 6/5

Easy to pronounce once the rhythm is learned.

リスニング 7/5

Can be confused with 'mo'asharati' in fast speech.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

زندگی پول غذا اقتصاد وضعیت

次に学ぶ

تورم رکود یارانه رفاه عدالت

上級

تولید ناخالص داخلی قدرت خرید خط فقر توزیع ثروت توسعه پایدار
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レベル別の例文

1

او پول معیشتی گرفت.

He received livelihood money.

Simple Subject + Object + Verb.

2

غذا یک نیاز معیشتی است.

Food is a livelihood need.

Noun as a subject with 'ast' (is).

3

وضعیت معیشتی او خوب نیست.

His livelihood situation is not good.

Using 'khub nist' for negation.

4

کمک معیشتی کجاست؟

Where is the livelihood assistance?

Question word 'kojast'.

5

ما به معیشت فکر می‌کنیم.

We think about livelihood.

Present continuous 'fekr mikonim'.

6

این سبد معیشتی است.

This is a livelihood basket.

Demonstrative 'in' (this).

7

نان برای معیشت مهم است.

Bread is important for livelihood.

Adjective 'mohem' (important).

8

پول برای زندگی معیشتی لازم است.

Money is necessary for livelihood life.

Adjective 'lazem' (necessary).

1

دولت به مردم کمک معیشتی می‌دهد.

The government gives livelihood help to the people.

Indirect object with 'be'.

2

قیمت غذا بر معیشت اثر دارد.

The price of food has an effect on livelihood.

Verb 'asar dardan' (to have an effect).

3

آن‌ها مشکلات معیشتی زیادی دارند.

They have many livelihood problems.

Plural 'moshkelat'.

4

سبد معیشتی شامل روغن و برنج است.

The livelihood basket includes oil and rice.

Verb 'shamel budan' (to include).

5

ما باید وضعیت معیشتی را بهتر کنیم.

We must make the livelihood situation better.

Modal 'bayad' (must).

6

حقوق کم باعث سخت شدن معیشت می‌شود.

Low salary causes livelihood to become hard.

Causative 'ba'es shodan'.

7

آیا شما بسته معیشتی گرفتید؟

Did you receive the livelihood package?

Past tense question.

8

این یک موضوع معیشتی است.

This is a livelihood matter.

Noun 'mozu' (subject/matter).

1

تورم باعث کاهش قدرت معیشتی مردم شده است.

Inflation has caused a decrease in people's livelihood power.

Present perfect 'shode ast'.

2

او به دلیل فشارهای معیشتی مجبور به ترک تحصیل شد.

He was forced to drop out of school due to livelihood pressures.

Compound preposition 'be dalil-e'.

3

برنامه‌های معیشتی دولت کافی نیست.

The government's livelihood programs are not enough.

Plural noun 'barname-ha'.

4

امنیت معیشتی برای هر خانواده‌ای ضروری است.

Livelihood security is essential for every family.

Abstract noun 'amniyat' (security).

5

آن‌ها درباره هزینه‌های معیشتی بحث می‌کردند.

They were discussing livelihood costs.

Past continuous 'bahs mikardand'.

6

بیکاری بزرگترین تهدید معیشتی است.

Unemployment is the biggest livelihood threat.

Superlative 'bozorgtarin'.

7

این وام برای رفع نیازهای معیشتی است.

This loan is for meeting livelihood needs.

Infinitive 'raf' (to resolve/meet).

8

سطح معیشتی در روستاها پایین است.

The livelihood level in villages is low.

Adjective 'payin' (low).

1

شکاف طبقاتی باعث نابرابری معیشتی شده است.

The class gap has caused livelihood inequality.

Compound noun 'shekaf-e tabaqati'.

2

تحریم‌ها مستقیماً بر شرایط معیشتی اثر گذاشته‌اند.

Sanctions have directly affected livelihood conditions.

Adverb 'mostaqiman' (directly).

3

کارگران برای بهبود وضعیت معیشتی خود اعتراض کردند.

Workers protested to improve their livelihood status.

Purpose clause with 'baraye'.

4

تامین اقلام معیشتی اولویت اول دولت است.

Providing livelihood items is the government's first priority.

Gerund 'tamin' (providing).

5

او مقاله‌ای درباره بحران معیشتی طبقه متوسط نوشت.

He wrote an article about the middle-class livelihood crisis.

Prepositional phrase with 'darbare-ye'.

6

ثبات اقتصادی به ثبات معیشتی منجر می‌شود.

Economic stability leads to livelihood stability.

Verb 'monjar shodan' (to lead to).

7

عدم مدیریت صحیح، مشکلات معیشتی را تشدید کرده است.

Lack of proper management has intensified livelihood problems.

Complex subject with 'adam-e' (lack of).

8

شاخص‌های معیشتی نشان‌دهنده رکود هستند.

Livelihood indicators are showing a recession.

Present participle 'neshan-dahande' (indicating).

1

ساختار معیشتی جامعه تحت تأثیر مدرنیته تغییر کرده است.

The livelihood structure of society has changed under the influence of modernity.

Passive-like construction with 'taht-e tasir'.

2

عدالت معیشتی یکی از آرمان‌های اصلی انقلاب بود.

Livelihood justice was one of the main ideals of the revolution.

Abstract noun 'edalat' (justice).

3

پایداری معیشتی مستلزم اصلاحات ساختاری در اقتصاد است.

Livelihood sustainability requires structural reforms in the economy.

Verb 'mostalzem budan' (to require).

4

توزیع ناعادلانه ثروت به انحطاط معیشتی می‌انجامد.

Unfair distribution of wealth leads to livelihood decay.

Verb 'anjamidan' (to result in).

5

رویکردهای معیشتی در سیاست‌گذاری کلان نادیده گرفته شده‌اند.

Livelihood approaches in macro-policymaking have been ignored.

Passive voice 'nadide gerefte shodan'.

6

معیشت پایدار روستایی نیازمند مدیریت منابع آب است.

Sustainable rural livelihood requires water resource management.

Adjective 'paydar' (sustainable).

7

تبیین مدل‌های معیشتی برای جوامع در حال توسعه ضروری است.

Explaining livelihood models for developing societies is essential.

Formal infinitive 'tabyin' (explanation/elucidation).

8

فروپاشی معیشتی می‌تواند به ناآرامی‌های اجتماعی منجر شود.

Livelihood collapse can lead to social unrest.

Modal 'tavanestan' (can).

1

دیالکتیک میان سیاست و معیشت، بن‌بست‌های جدی ایجاد کرده است.

The dialectic between politics and livelihood has created serious deadlocks.

Philosophical term 'dialektik'.

2

تقلیل مفاهیم انسانی به نیازهای صرفاً معیشتی، خطایی راهبردی است.

Reducing human concepts to purely livelihood needs is a strategic error.

Gerund 'taqlil' (reduction).

3

پارادایم‌های معیشتی در عصر پسا-صنعتی بازتعریف می‌شوند.

Livelihood paradigms are being redefined in the post-industrial era.

Prefix 'pasa' (post-).

4

در هم تنیدگی معیشت و کرامت انسانی غیرقابل انکار است.

The intertwining of livelihood and human dignity is undeniable.

Compound noun 'dar ham tanidegi'.

5

گفتمان معیشتی حاکم، بر پایه بقا استوار است تا شکوفایی.

The dominant livelihood discourse is based on survival rather than flourishing.

Prepositional phrase 'bar paye... ostovar budan'.

6

واکاوی ریشه‌های معیشتی بحران‌های هویتی الزامی است.

Analyzing the livelihood roots of identity crises is mandatory.

Formal word 'vakavi' (analysis/probing).

7

امنیت معیشتی، پیش‌شرط تحقق آزادی‌های مدنی است.

Livelihood security is a prerequisite for the realization of civil liberties.

Compound noun 'pish-shart' (prerequisite).

8

استحاله معیشت سنتی به معیشت مدرن، چالش‌های فرهنگی عمیقی دارد.

The transformation of traditional livelihood into modern livelihood has deep cultural challenges.

Formal word 'estehale' (transformation/metamorphosis).

よく使う組み合わせ

وضعیت معیشتی
سبد معیشتی
بسته معیشتی
مشکلات معیشتی
کمک معیشتی
نیازهای معیشتی
بحران معیشتی
شاخص معیشتی
امنیت معیشتی
فشار معیشتی

よく使うフレーズ

معیشت مردم

— The people's livelihood. Used in political speeches.

معیشت مردم نباید بازیچه سیاست شود.

تنگنای معیشتی

— Livelihood bottleneck/hardship. Refers to severe financial pressure.

بسیاری در تنگنای معیشتی هستند.

گذران معیشت

— Earning a living. The act of making ends meet.

او برای گذران معیشت به سختی کار می‌کند.

بهبود معیشت

— Improvement of livelihood.

هدف ما بهبود معیشت روستاییان است.

سطح معیشت

— Standard of living.

سطح معیشت در این شهر بالا است.

نظام معیشتی

— Livelihood system (e.g., farming vs. industry).

نظام معیشتی قدیم بر پایه کشاورزی بود.

هزینه‌های معیشتی

— Livelihood costs/Daily expenses.

هزینه‌های معیشتی در تهران سرسام‌آور است.

اقلام معیشتی

— Livelihood items (basic goods like flour, sugar).

توزیع اقلام معیشتی در مناطق محروم.

ثبات معیشتی

— Livelihood stability.

جامعه به ثبات معیشتی نیاز دارد.

دغدغه‌های معیشتی

— Livelihood concerns/worries.

دغدغه‌های معیشتی مانع از ازدواج جوانان می‌شود.

慣用句と表現

"هشتش گرو نهش است"

— To struggle severely with livelihood; to not be able to make ends meet.

با این حقوق کم، هشتش گرو نهش است.

Informal
"صورت را با سیلی سرخ نگه داشتن"

— To keep up appearances despite livelihood hardships.

او با سیلی صورتش را سرخ نگه می‌دارد تا کسی نفهمد مشکل معیشتی دارد.

Literary/Common
"غم نان داشتن"

— To have the 'sorrow of bread'; to be constantly worried about livelihood.

هنرمندان نباید غم نان داشته باشند.

Literary
"دستش به دهانش می‌رسد"

— To be financially stable; to have a decent livelihood.

خدا را شکر، دستش به دهانش می‌رسد.

Informal
"کفگیر به ته دیگ خورده"

— To have run out of resources/livelihood means.

آخر ماه است و کفگیر به ته دیگ خورده.

Informal
"نانش آجر شدن"

— To lose one's livelihood; to have one's 'bread' turned into a 'brick'.

با تعطیلی کارخانه، نان بسیاری آجر شد.

Common
"شکم گرسنه دین و ایمان ندارد"

— A hungry stomach has no faith; livelihood is the basis of morality.

باید به فکر معیشت بود، چون شکم گرسنه دین ندارد.

Proverb
"دنبال یک لقمه نان حلال"

— Searching for a morsel of 'halal' bread; working hard for an honest livelihood.

او فقط دنبال یک لقمه نان حلال برای خانواده‌اش است.

Common
"بار خود را بستن"

— To have secured one's livelihood for a long time (often through wealth).

او با آن معامله، بار خود را بست.

Informal
"نفس از جای گرم بلند شدن"

— To speak from a position of comfort/stable livelihood (ignoring others' struggles).

تو که مشکل معیشتی نداری، نفست از جای گرم بلند می‌شود.

Informal

語族

名詞

動詞

形容詞

関連

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暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of 'Money-ish-ti'. It sounds a bit like 'money' and it's all about having enough money for life.

視覚的連想

Imagine a shopping basket (Sabad) filled with only the absolute basics: bread, eggs, and milk. This is your 'Sabad-e Ma'ishati'.

Word Web

Sabad Vaziyat Moshkelat Komak Basteh Hazineh Eghtesad Pool

チャレンジ

Try to find the word 'معیشتی' in a Persian news headline today and see which noun it is modifying.

語源

Derived from the Arabic root 'A-Y-SH' (ع-ی-ش), which means 'to live' or 'to lead a life.' It entered Persian through Islamic and administrative vocabulary.

元の意味： The act of living or the things that sustain life.

Semitic (Arabic root) integrated into Indo-European (Persian).

文化的な背景

Be careful when discussing someone's 'ma'ishat' as it can be a source of pride or shame depending on their financial status.

In English, we say 'bread and butter issues' or 'cost of living.' 'Ma'ishati' covers both.

The 'Ma'ishati Subsidies' (Yaraneh) introduced during the Ahmadinejad and Rouhani eras. Labor union slogans often include the word 'Ma'ishat'. Poetry by Saadi often mentions 'ma'ishat' in the context of worldly needs vs. spiritual life.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

News/Politics

  • وعده‌های معیشتی
  • بحران معیشتی
  • مطالبات معیشتی
  • طرح معیشتی

Banking/Finance

  • واریز معیشتی
  • وام معیشتی
  • حساب معیشتی
  • هزینه معیشتی

Labor/Work

  • حقوق معیشتی
  • امنیت معیشتی
  • سختی معیشت
  • تأمین معیشت

Social Welfare

  • بسته معیشتی
  • کمک معیشتی
  • سبد معیشتی
  • حمایت معیشتی

Academic Economics

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