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उजड़ना

B2 verb 10分で読める

उजड़ना

ujadna

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解説 उजड़ना in your Level:

At the A1 level, you don't need to use 'उजड़ना' often, but it's good to know it means something is 'completely ruined' or 'gone.' Think of it like a house that is no longer a home. If you see a picture of a broken, empty village, the word used is 'उजड़ना.' It is a verb. In the past, we say 'उजड़ गया' (ujad gaya) for a masculine thing and 'उजड़ गई' (ujad gayi) for a feminine thing. For example, 'बगीचा उजड़ गया' (The garden was ruined). Focus on the idea that something that was once full of life is now empty and broken. It's a very sad word. You might hear it in very simple stories about disasters. Don't worry about using it in complex ways yet; just recognize that it describes a state of total loss.

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At the A2 level, you can start to understand that 'उजड़ना' is an intransitive verb. This means you don't use the word 'ne' (ने) with it in the past tense. You say 'गाँव उजड़ गया' (The village was ruined). It is different from 'तोड़ना' (to break) because 'उजड़ना' is about a whole place or a life, not just one small object. If a forest is cut down and the animals leave, the forest 'उजड़ गया.' You can use it to talk about basic situations like a garden dying or a house being abandoned. It's a step up from 'खराब होना' (to become bad). Remember, it's about the 'feeling' of a place being destroyed, not just physical damage. It's a useful word for describing the aftermath of a storm or a big fire in a simple way.

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At the B1 level, you should begin to use 'उजड़ना' in metaphorical contexts. While it literally means to become desolate, it is often used to describe a person's life or family. For example, 'उसका घर उजड़ गया' can mean his family was separated or he lost his loved ones. You should also distinguish it from its transitive pair 'उजाड़ना' (to ruin something). If you say 'बाढ़ ने गाँव उजाड़ दिया,' you are saying the flood ruined the village. If you say 'बाढ़ से गाँव उजड़ गया,' you are saying the village became ruined because of the flood. Notice the difference in focus! B1 learners should also recognize the word in news reports about migration or natural disasters, where 'उजड़ते गाँव' (desolating villages) is a common phrase.

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At the B2 level, you should be comfortable with the emotional and cultural weight of 'उजड़ना.' This word is a key part of the vocabulary for discussing history, especially the Partition of 1947. It carries a sense of 'lost vibrancy.' You should be able to use it in essays to describe urban decay or environmental destruction. Understand that 'उजड़ना' implies a state of 'Veerana' (desolation). You can use it in more complex sentence structures like 'बिना देखभाल के कोई भी सुंदर संस्था उजड़ सकती है' (Without care, even a beautiful institution can fall into ruin). At this level, you should also be aware of common collocations like 'बस्ती उजड़ना' (a settlement becoming desolate) or 'सपना उजड़ना' (a dream being shattered/ruined). It's about the nuance of 'desolation' vs. 'destruction.'

At the C1 level, you should appreciate the poetic and literary nuances of 'उजड़ना.' In Hindi and Urdu poetry, the 'ujadi hui basti' (desolate settlement) is a powerful metaphor for the state of the soul or the mind after a great tragedy or the loss of love. You should be able to discuss the sociological implications of 'ujadna' in the context of rural-to-urban migration and the 'ghost villages' of the Himalayas. Use it to describe the loss of intangible heritage or the fading of a culture. For instance, 'आधुनिकीकरण की दौड़ में हमारी पुरानी परंपराएं उजड़ती जा रही हैं' (In the race for modernization, our old traditions are becoming desolate/fading away). You should also be able to identify the word in classical literature where it describes the fall of great cities like Delhi or Lucknow.

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At the C2 level, 'उजड़ना' becomes a tool for sophisticated philosophical and historical analysis. You can use it to deconstruct the narrative of 'progress' vs. 'desolation.' You should be able to use the word to describe the existential state of a community that has lost its 'Raunaq' (vibrancy). At this level, you can play with the word's relationship to its antonym 'बसना' (to settle/populate) to create powerful contrasts in your writing. You should also be familiar with rare idioms and archaic uses of the word in medieval Hindi poetry. Your usage should reflect an understanding of the word's sound and rhythm (the hard 'D' sound), which adds to its harsh, tragic meaning. You can use it to describe the 'desolation' of a language or an entire worldview in a highly academic or literary context.

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उजड़ना 30秒で

Ujadna is a Hindi verb meaning to become ruined, desolate, or depopulated, often used for villages, homes, and lives.
It is an intransitive verb, meaning it describes a state that happens to the subject without using 'ne' in the past.
The word carries significant emotional weight, often associated with historical tragedies like the Partition or personal loss.
It is the opposite of 'Basna' (to settle) and the passive form of 'Ujaadna' (to ruin something).

The Hindi verb उजड़ना (Ujadna) is a deeply evocative and emotionally charged term that translates to 'to become ruined,' 'to be devastated,' or 'to become desolate.' Unlike simple words for breaking or failing, उजड़ना implies a loss of life, vibrancy, or inhabitants. It is an intransitive verb, meaning the action happens to the subject without an external agent being grammatically emphasized in the sentence structure. When a village is abandoned after a flood, we say the village 'ujad gaya.' When a person feels they have lost everything—their family, their home, or their purpose—they might say their world has 'ujad gaya.'

Emotional Resonance: This word is frequently used in Hindi literature and cinema to describe the tragic aftermath of partition, war, or unrequited love. It signifies a transition from a state of 'Abadi' (population/prosperity) to 'Veerana' (wilderness/desolation).

युद्ध के कारण पूरा सीमावर्ती गाँव उजड़ गया। (The entire border village became desolate due to the war.)

In a metaphorical sense, the word applies to the 'world of the heart' (dil ki duniya). If someone experiences a profound personal loss, the internal landscape of their life is said to have become ruined. It is not just about physical structures falling down; it is about the cessation of the 'raunaq' (brightness or hustle-bustle) that once defined a place or a life. You will hear this word in news reports describing the aftermath of natural disasters like earthquakes or floods, where once-thriving communities are now just silent debris.

Environmental Context: It is also used for gardens or forests. A garden that is not watered and dies out is said to 'ujad gaya.' It reflects a loss of the natural order and beauty.

माली के जाने के बाद सुंदर बगीचा उजड़ गया। (After the gardener left, the beautiful garden became ruined.)

Historically, this word carries the weight of the 1947 Partition of India and Pakistan. Millions of people saw their homes and cities 'ujadte hue' (becoming ruined/desolate). Consequently, the word evokes a sense of nostalgia and grief. It is a 'heavy' word, not typically used for minor inconveniences. You wouldn't say your room 'ujad gaya' just because it is messy; you would use it if your room was destroyed by a fire or a storm.

Social Context: In social commentary, it describes the migration from villages to cities, leading to 'ujade hue gaanv' (deserted villages).

Mastering the use of उजड़ना (Ujadna) requires understanding its conjugation as an intransitive verb and the specific contexts where its 'desolation' meaning applies. Because it describes a process of becoming or a state of change, it is frequently used in the perfective aspect (past tense) to describe a finished state of ruin. However, it can also be used in the continuous or future tense to describe a looming threat or an ongoing process of decay.

Past Tense (State of Ruin): The most common usage is describing a place that has already been devastated. Example: 'बाढ़ के बाद सब कुछ उजड़ गया' (Everything was ruined after the flood).

उसका हँसता-खेलता परिवार एक दुर्घटना में उजड़ गया। (His happy family was devastated in an accident.)

When using it in the continuous tense, it implies a gradual decline. For instance, if a neighborhood is losing its shops and residents due to economic depression, you might say, 'यह शहर धीरे-धीरे उजड़ रहा है' (This city is slowly becoming desolate). This usage highlights the process of depopulation and the loss of the city's spirit. It creates a vivid picture of empty streets and closed doors.

Future Tense (Warnings): It is often used in warnings. 'अगर तुम मेहनत नहीं करोगे, तो तुम्हारा भविष्य उजड़ जाएगा' (If you don't work hard, your future will be ruined).

बिना पानी के ये खेत उजड़ जाएंगे। (Without water, these fields will become desolate.)

In poetic or highly emotional Hindi, 'ujadna' is used with the word 'Basti' (settlement/colony). A 'Basti' represents a community of people. When a 'Basti ujadti hai,' it doesn't just mean the houses are gone; it means the community, the friendships, and the shared life of those people have vanished. This is a common trope in Shayaris (poetry) where the poet laments the 'ujadi hui basti' of their heart.

Passive vs. Active: Remember: 'Ghar ujaad diya' (Someone ruined the house - Active) vs. 'Ghar ujad gaya' (The house became ruined - Passive/Intransitive).

You will encounter उजड़ना (Ujadna) in several specific domains of Indian life and media. Its high emotional impact makes it a favorite for journalists, songwriters, and storytellers. Understanding these contexts will help you grasp the 'weight' of the word beyond its dictionary definition.

News and Journalism: In the aftermath of natural disasters like the 2013 Kedarnath floods or the 2001 Gujarat earthquake, headlines frequently used 'Ujad gaya' to describe the state of entire towns. It conveys the scale of the tragedy better than technical terms.

भूकंप के झटकों से हज़ारों घर उजड़ गए। (Thousands of homes were ruined by the earthquake shocks.)

In Bollywood films, especially those set during the Partition of 1947 (like 'Gadar' or 'Pinjar'), characters often speak of their 'ujada hua chaman' (ruined garden) or 'ujadi hui kismat' (ruined fate). Here, the word bridges the gap between physical displacement and emotional trauma. When a character says, 'Mera sab kuch ujad gaya,' they are telling the audience that they have lost their family, their dignity, and their place in the world.

Rural Conversations: In rural India, elders might use this word to describe the effects of migration. 'गाँव के गाँव उजड़ रहे हैं' (Village after village is becoming desolate) refers to the youth leaving for cities, leaving only the elderly and empty houses behind.

पलायन की वजह से पहाड़ के गाँव उजड़ रहे हैं। (The mountain villages are becoming desolate due to migration.)

In everyday speech, the word is sometimes used for more personal, though still serious, losses. If a business fails completely, a person might say, 'मेरा व्यापार उजड़ गया' (My business was ruined). It implies that the business was not just a source of income but a 'settlement' of sorts that has now vanished. It is also used in the context of wildlife and ecology, where the 'ujadna' of a forest leads to the 'ujadna' of the animals' homes.

Historical Literature: Classic Hindi and Urdu literature use 'Ujadna' to describe the fall of empires. When Delhi was plundered, poets wrote about the 'ujadna' of the imperial city.

For learners of Hindi, the word उजड़ना (Ujadna) presents two main challenges: its relationship with its transitive pair and its specific emotional register. Misusing these can lead to sentences that are grammatically incorrect or semantically confusing.

Mistake 1: Confusing Intransitive and Transitive: The most common error is using 'Ujadna' when you mean 'Ujaadna'. 'Ujadna' is intransitive (it happens). 'Ujaadna' is transitive (someone does it). You cannot say 'उसने घर उजड़ दिया' (He ruined the house). You must say 'उसने घर उजाड़ दिया'.

Incorrect: बाढ़ ने शहर को उजड़ दिया।
Correct: बाढ़ से शहर उजड़ गया। (The city was ruined by the flood.)

Another common mistake is applying 'Ujadna' to minor physical damage. If a chair breaks, you use 'Tootna' (to break). If a phone stops working, you use 'Kharaab hona' (to become bad/broken). 'Ujadna' is for systems, settlements, and lives. Using it for a broken toy sounds overly dramatic or even comical to a native speaker, unless you are using it ironically.

Mistake 2: The 'Ne' Postposition: Since 'Ujadna' is intransitive, it never takes the 'ne' postposition. Learners often apply the 'ne' rule to all past tense verbs. Example of error: 'गाँव ने उजड़ गया' (Incorrect). Correct: 'गाँव उजड़ गया' (The village was ruined).

Incorrect: मैंने उजड़ गया।
Correct: मैं उजड़ गया। (I was ruined.)

A subtle mistake involves the word 'Basna' (to settle). 'Ujadna' is the direct opposite of 'Basna'. Sometimes learners use 'Barbaad hona' (to be destroyed) in places where 'Ujadna' would be more poetic or accurate. While 'Barbaad hona' is very common, 'Ujadna' specifically implies the loss of a 'Basti' (settlement) or 'Ghar' (home).

Mistake 3: Misusing with 'Hona': Learners often say 'Ujad hona' because they are used to 'Noun + Hona' constructions. However, 'Ujadna' is a standalone verb. You don't need 'Hona'. You simply conjugate 'Ujadna'.

To truly understand उजड़ना (Ujadna), it helps to compare it with other Hindi words that deal with destruction, ruin, and desolation. While they might appear similar in a dictionary, their usage varies significantly based on the object being described and the intensity of the emotion involved.

1. बर्बाद होना (Barbaad Hona): This is the most common synonym. It means 'to be destroyed' or 'to be wasted.' However, 'Barbaad' can be used for money (Paise barbaad ho gaye), whereas 'Ujadna' is rarely used for money. 'Barbaad' is more general; 'Ujadna' is more about the loss of a living space or state of life.

उसका पूरा करियर बर्बाद हो गया। (His entire career was ruined.) vs. उसका घर उजड़ गया। (His home was devastated/desolated.)

Another alternative is नष्ट होना (Nasht Hona). This is more formal and scientific. It means 'to be destroyed' or 'to perish.' You would use 'Nasht' in a biology textbook to describe cells being destroyed or in a legal document to describe property destruction. It lacks the emotional 'soul' of 'Ujadna'. If you say a village 'nasht ho gaya', it sounds like a factual report. If you say it 'ujad gaya', it sounds like a tragedy.

2. तहस-नहस होना (Tahas-Nahas Hona): This phrase implies a chaotic, violent destruction. While 'Ujadna' can be quiet (like a village slowly emptying), 'Tahas-Nahas' always implies things being smashed or turned upside down, often by a storm or an army.

तूफान ने सब कुछ तहस-नहस कर दिया। (The storm destroyed/wrecked everything.)

Lastly, consider मिट जाना (Mit Jaana). This means 'to be erased' or 'to vanish.' It is often used in a philosophical sense, such as 'Hasti mit jaana' (to lose one's existence). 'Ujadna' is the state of a place that *remains* but is now empty and ruined, whereas 'Mit jaana' suggests it is gone entirely. Understanding these nuances allows you to choose the word that best fits the gravity and nature of the situation you are describing.

Summary Table: - Ujadna: Desolation of homes/lives.
- Barbaad: General ruin/waste.
- Nasht: Formal/Physical destruction.
- Veeran: Emptiness/Silence.

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

The word is part of a large group of Hindi verbs that come in pairs: an intransitive form (Ujadna) and a transitive form (Ujaadna). This is a common feature of Indo-Aryan languages.

発音ガイド

UK /ʊ.dʒəɽ.nɑː/

US /ʊ.dʒəɽ.nɑː/

The stress is slightly on the second syllable 'jad'.

韻が合う語

बिगड़ना (Bigadna) पकड़ना (Pakadna) जकड़ना (Jakadna) अकड़ना (Akadna) पिछड़ना (Pichhadna) झगड़ना (Jhagadna) रगड़ना (Ragadna) लड़ना (Ladna)

よくある間違い

Pronouncing 'da' as a normal English 'd'. It must be the retroflex flap 'ɽ'.
Confusing it with 'Ujaadna' which has a long 'aa' sound in the second syllable.

難易度

読解 4/5

Common in literature and news, but requires context to understand nuance.

ライティング 5/5

Difficult to distinguish from 'Ujaadna' and 'Barbaad hona'.

スピーキング 4/5

Requires correct retroflex 'D' pronunciation.

リスニング 3/5

Easy to recognize in emotional scenes in movies.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

घर गाँव होना खराब टूटना

次に学ぶ

उजाड़ना बसना आबाद वीरान विस्थापन

上級

तहरीक नस्तलीक़ मर्सिया तबाही नष्ट

知っておくべき文法

Intransitive Verb Pairing

Ujadna (Intransitive) vs. Ujaadna (Transitive).

No 'Ne' in Past Tense

Ghar ujad gaya (NOT: Ghar ne ujad gaya).

Masculine/Feminine Agreement

Basti (F) ujad gayi; Gaon (M) ujad gaya.

Compound Verbs with 'Jaana'

Ujad jaana (To become completely ruined).

Participle as Adjective

Ujada hua (Ruined/Desolate) + Noun.

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レベル別の例文

बगीचा उजड़ गया।

The garden was ruined.

Past tense, masculine singular.

उसका घर उजड़ गया।

His home was ruined.

Intransitive verb.

गाँव उजड़ गया।

The village became desolate.

Subject + Verb.

सब कुछ उजड़ गया।

Everything was ruined.

Pronoun 'Sab kuch' as subject.

शहर उजड़ गया।

The city was devastated.

Masculine singular.

खेत उजड़ गए।

The fields were ruined.

Plural masculine.

बस्ती उजड़ गई।

The settlement was ruined.

Feminine singular.

दुनिया उजड़ गई।

The world was ruined.

Feminine singular.

बाढ़ से पूरा शहर उजड़ गया।

The whole city was ruined by the flood.

Use of 'se' (by/from).

जंगल उजड़ रहे हैं।

The forests are becoming desolate.

Present continuous plural.

बिना पानी के पौधे उजड़ गए।

The plants were ruined without water.

Postposition 'bina'.

युद्ध के बाद सब उजड़ जाता है।

Everything becomes desolate after war.

Habitual present.

तूफान में झोंपड़ियाँ उजड़ गईं।

The huts were ruined in the storm.

Feminine plural.

माली नहीं था, इसलिए बाग उजड़ गया।

The gardener wasn't there, so the garden was ruined.

Conjunction 'isliye'.

आग से दुकान उजड़ गई।

The shop was ruined by fire.

Feminine singular.

पुराना किला अब उजड़ चुका है।

The old fort has now become desolate.

Perfective 'chuka hai'.

गरीबी के कारण कई परिवार उजड़ गए।

Many families were devastated due to poverty.

Metaphorical use for families.

अगर बारिश नहीं हुई, तो खेती उजड़ जाएगी।

If it doesn't rain, the farming will be ruined.

Conditional future.

उसकी हँसती-खेलती दुनिया उजड़ गई।

His happy world was devastated.

Compound adjective.

पलायन की वजह से पहाड़ के गाँव उजड़ रहे हैं।

Mountain villages are becoming desolate due to migration.

Abstract cause 'palayan'.

गलत फैसलों से व्यापार उजड़ सकता है।

A business can be ruined by wrong decisions.

Modal 'sakta hai'.

भूकंप ने हज़ारों लोगों को उजड़ने पर मजबूर कर दिया।

The earthquake forced thousands of people to be displaced/devastated.

Infinitive as noun.

वह उजड़े हुए घर को फिर से बसाना चाहता है।

He wants to resettle the ruined house again.

Participle 'ujade hue'.

देखते ही देखते पूरा मेला उजड़ गया।

In the blink of an eye, the whole fair became desolate.

Idiomatic 'dekhte hi dekhte'.

विभाजन के दौरान लाखों लोगों के घर उजड़ गए।

During the partition, millions of people's homes were ruined.

Complex time phrase.

प्रदूषण के कारण समुद्री जीवन उजड़ रहा है।

Marine life is being devastated due to pollution.

Environmental context.

सट्टेबाज़ी की लत में उसका सब कुछ उजड़ गया।

In the addiction to gambling, everything of his was ruined.

Cause-effect structure.

बिना प्रेम के वैवाहिक जीवन उजड़ जाता है।

Without love, married life becomes desolate.

Philosophical use.

उस क्रूर राजा के राज में प्रजा उजड़ गई।

Under that cruel king's rule, the subjects were devastated.

Historical context.

जब बाज़ार बंद हुए, तो शहर की रौनक उजड़ गई।

When the markets closed, the city's vibrancy was ruined.

Abstract subject 'raunaq'.

आतंकवाद की वजह से शांतिपूर्ण वादियाँ उजड़ गईं।

Peaceful valleys were devastated due to terrorism.

Political context.

क्या तुम चाहते हो कि हमारा हँसता-बसता घर उजड़ जाए?

Do you want our happy home to be ruined?

Subjunctive mood.

औद्योगिकीकरण ने ग्रामीण संस्कृति को उजड़ने के कगार पर खड़ा कर दिया है।

Industrialization has brought rural culture to the brink of desolation.

Advanced phrase 'kagaar par'.

कवि ने अपनी कविताओं में उजड़ते हुए चमन का मार्मिक वर्णन किया है।

The poet has given a touching description of a desolating garden in his poems.

Literary register.

सत्ता के संघर्ष में अक्सर मासूमों की दुनिया उजड़ जाती है।

In the struggle for power, the world of innocents often becomes desolate.

General truth/Abstract.

वह अपने उजड़े हुए अतीत की यादों में खोया रहता है।

He remains lost in the memories of his ruined past.

Adjectival participle.

महानगरों के विस्तार से छोटे कस्बों की पहचान उजड़ती जा रही है।

With the expansion of metropolises, the identity of small towns is becoming desolate.

Compound verb 'ujadti ja rahi'.

अकाल ने वनांचलों को पूरी तरह से उजाड़ दिया और वहाँ का पारिस्थितिकी तंत्र उजड़ गया।

The famine completely ruined the forest areas and the ecosystem there became desolate.

Contrast between ujaadna and ujadna.

संवेदनाओं के अभाव में समाज उजड़ता महसूस होता है।

In the absence of sensitivities, society feels like it is becoming desolate.

Sociological use.

इतिहास गवाह है कि कई महान सभ्यताएँ आपसी कलह से उजड़ गईं।

History is witness that many great civilizations were ruined by internal strife.

Historical analysis.

वैश्वीकरण की आँधी में स्थानीय शिल्पकारों का रोज़गार उजड़ गया।

In the storm of globalization, the livelihood of local artisans was devastated.

Metaphorical 'aandhi'.

उजड़ना केवल भौतिक नहीं, अपितु एक गहरा मनोवैज्ञानिक विस्थापन भी है।

To become desolate is not just physical, but also a deep psychological displacement.

Formal 'apitu' (but also).

दिल्ली कई बार उजड़ी और कई बार फिर से बसी।

Delhi was ruined many times and resettled many times.

Historical cycle.

मृगतृष्णा के पीछे भागते-भागते उसका वास्तविक जीवन उजड़ गया।

Chasing mirages, his real life became desolate.

Idiomatic 'mrigtrishna'.

जब नैतिकता उजड़ती है, तो सभ्यता का पतन निश्चित है।

When morality becomes desolate, the downfall of civilization is certain.

Philosophical conditional.

उसकी आँखों में एक उजड़ी हुई दुनिया का सन्नाटा पसरा था।

The silence of a ruined world was spread in his eyes.

Highly poetic description.

पूँजीवाद के इस दौर में मानवीय संवेदनाएँ उजड़ती जा रही हैं।

In this era of capitalism, human sensitivities are becoming desolate.

Critique register.

क्या यह संभव है कि उजड़े हुए विश्वास को फिर से सींचा जा सके?

Is it possible to nurture/water the ruined faith again?

Passive potentiality.

類義語

बर्बाद होना नष्ट होना वीरान होना तबाह होना मिट जाना तहस-नहस होना ध्वस्त होना खत्म होना

反対語

बसना आबाद होना संवरना पनपना

よく使う組み合わせ

घर उजड़ना

गाँव उजड़ना

बस्ती उजड़ना

दुनिया उजड़ना

सुहाग उजड़ना

बगीचा उजड़ना

खेत उजड़ना

सपना उजड़ना

रौनक उजड़ना

चमन उजड़ना

よく使うフレーズ

उजड़ा हुआ घर

— A house that is no longer a home, usually due to tragedy.

वह एक उजड़े हुए घर में रहता है।

उजड़ी हुई दुनिया

— A life that has lost all joy and meaning.

उसकी आँखों में उजड़ी हुई दुनिया का दर्द था।

हँसता-खेलता घर उजड़ना

— A happy family being destroyed suddenly.

एक एक्सीडेंट में उसका हँसता-खेलता घर उजड़ गया।

उजड़े हुए लोग

— People who have lost their homes or families (refugees).

उजड़े हुए लोगों को फिर से बसाना ज़रूरी है।

उजड़ा चमन

— A metaphor for someone who has lost their beauty or youth.

वह अब एक उजड़े चमन की तरह दिखता है।

बस्ती का उजड़ना

— The depopulation of a neighborhood.

दंगों के बाद बस्ती का उजड़ना दुखद था।

रिश्ते उजड़ना

— The breaking of relationships.

गलतफहमी से अच्छे-भले रिश्ते उजड़ जाते हैं।

शहर उजड़ना

— The destruction of a city's life.

मंदी ने पूरे शहर को उजाड़ दिया।

किस्मत उजड़ना

— To have one's luck or fate ruined.

मेरी तो किस्मत ही उजड़ गई।

खेत-खलिहान उजड़ना

— The destruction of rural livelihood.

बाढ़ में किसानों के खेत-खलिहान उजड़ गए।

よく混同される語

उजड़ना vs उजाड़ना

Ujaadna is 'to ruin' (someone does it). Ujadna is 'to be ruined' (it happens).

उजड़ना vs उजड़

Ujaad (noun) is the wilderness itself. Ujadna is the verb for becoming that way.

उजड़ना vs बिगड़ना

Bigadna means to go bad or get spoiled (like food or a child), while Ujadna is for desolation.

慣用句と表現

"बसा-बसाया घर उजड़ना"

— To have a well-settled life destroyed.

बीमारी ने उसका बसा-बसाया घर उजाड़ दिया।

Common

"उजड़े चमन में बुलबुल"

— Something beautiful in a place of desolation (ironic).

इस खंडहर में यह पेंटिंग उजड़े चमन में बुलबुल जैसी है।

Poetic

"सुहाग उजड़ना"

— To lose one's husband (very traditional/sensitive).

जंग में कई औरतों का सुहाग उजड़ गया।

Formal/Traditional

"उजड़ी बस्ती में दिया जलाना"

— To try and bring hope to a hopeless situation.

वह उजड़ी बस्ती में दिया जलाने की कोशिश कर रहा है।

Literary

"सब कुछ उजड़ जाना"

— To lose every single thing one owns or loves.

आग में उसका सब कुछ उजड़ गया।

Emphatic

"रौनक उजड़ जाना"

— The loss of life and spirit from a place.

त्योहार खत्म होते ही मेले की रौनक उजड़ गई।

Neutral

"दिल की बस्ती उजड़ना"

— To be heartbroken or lose emotional stability.

धोखे के बाद उसकी दिल की बस्ती उजड़ गई।

Poetic

"उजड़ा हुआ मंज़र"

— A scene of total desolation.

युद्ध के बाद वहाँ बस एक उजड़ा हुआ मंज़र था।

Descriptive

"घर-बार उजड़ना"

— To lose home and family entirely.

विभाजन में लाखों का घर-बार उजड़ गया।

Common

"आशियाना उजड़ना"

— To have one's nest (home) ruined.

तूफान ने चिड़िया का आशियाना उजाड़ दिया (and thus it ujad gaya).

Poetic

間違えやすい

उजड़ना vs खराब होना

Both mean something isn't working/good.

Kharab hona is for machines or small things. Ujadna is for places and lives.

TV kharab hai (TV is bad). Gaon ujad gaya (Village is ruined).

उजड़ना vs टूटना

Both imply damage.

Tootna is physical breaking. Ujadna is the loss of inhabitants or vibrancy.

Sheesha toot gaya (Glass broke). Ghar ujad gaya (Home was desolated).

उजड़ना vs मिटना

Both imply ending.

Mitna is 'to be erased'. Ujadna is 'to be laid waste'.

Likhawat mit gayi (Writing was erased). Basti ujad gayi (Settlement was ruined).

उजड़ना vs बर्बाद होना

Very close synonyms.

Barbaad is more general (money, time, life). Ujadna is more about 'settlements' (homes, villages).

Paisa barbaad hua. Ghar ujad gaya.

उजड़ना vs गिरना

Buildings 'girna' and 'ujadna' look similar.

Girna is the physical act of falling. Ujadna is the resulting state of desolation.

Deewar gir gayi. Shehar ujad gaya.

文型パターン

[Noun] उजड़ गया।

बगीचा उजड़ गया।

[Cause] से [Noun] उजड़ गया।

बाढ़ से गाँव उजड़ गया।

[Noun] उजड़ता जा रहा है।

शहर उजड़ता जा रहा है।

अगर [Condition], तो [Noun] उजड़ जाएगा।

अगर युद्ध हुआ, तो देश उजड़ जाएगा।

[Noun] के कारण [Noun] उजड़ गया।

भूकंप के कारण हज़ारों घर उजड़ गए।

[Noun] को उजड़ने से बचाना।

हमें अपनी संस्कृति को उजड़ने से बचाना चाहिए।

[Adjective] उजड़ा हुआ [Noun]।

वह उजड़ा हुआ पुराना किला है।

[Noun] का उजड़ना [Noun] का संकेत है।

गाँवों का उजड़ना खेती के पतन का संकेत है।

語族

名詞

उजाड़ (Ujaad - Desolation/Wilderness)

उजाड़पन (Ujaadpan - Desolateness)

動詞

उजाड़ना (Ujaadna - To ruin/destroy - Transitive)

形容詞

उजड़ा (Ujada - Ruined/Desolate)

उजाड़ (Ujaad - Desolate)

使い方

frequency

Common in specific contexts (news, literature, emotional talk).

よくある間違い

Maine gaon ujad gaya. → Gaon ujad gaya.
You cannot use 'ne' (implied in 'maine') with an intransitive verb like 'ujadna'.
Usne ghar ujad diya. → Usne ghar ujaad diya.
If someone is doing the ruining, you must use the transitive 'ujaadna' (long 'aa').
Mera khilona ujad gaya. → Mera khilona toot gaya.
A toy (khilona) breaks; it doesn't become 'desolate' like a village.
Bageecha nasht ho gaya. → Bageecha ujad gaya.
While 'nasht' is okay, 'ujad gaya' is much more natural and evocative for a garden.
Main ujad hona chahta hoon. → Main ujadna chahta hoon (not that you would say this!).
Don't use 'hona' with 'ujadna'; 'ujadna' is already a verb.

ヒント

Focus on 'Home'

The most powerful way to use this word is with 'Ghar'. It doesn't just mean the house broke; it means the family/life inside is gone.

No 'Ne'!

Never use 'ne' with 'ujadna'. It is 'Main ujad gaya', not 'Maine ujad gaya'.

Garden Metaphor

Use 'Ujadna' for gardens (Bageecha) to sound more like a native speaker when describing nature.

Partition Context

When reading about 1947, look for this word. It is central to the literature of that era.

Tongue Position

Remember the retroflex 'D'. If you say it like an English 'D', it sounds like a different word to natives.

Scale Matters

Use it for big things (villages, lives, forests) rather than small things (toys, pens).

Poetic Flair

Use 'Ujada hua' as an adjective to describe a person's face or eyes to show they have lost hope.

Song Lyrics

Listen for 'Ujadna' in sad Bollywood songs; it's a staple for expressing deep grief.

Pair with 'Basna'

To memorize it, learn 'Basna' (settle) and 'Ujadna' (ruin) together as a pair of opposites.

Intransitive Logic

Think of it as 'becoming' ruined rather than 'being' ruined by someone specific.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of 'Ujadna' as 'Up-Jad-Na'. 'Jad' means root. When something is 'Ujadna', it's as if the roots are pulled 'Up' and the place is ruined.

視覚的連想

Imagine a once-beautiful garden that is now just dry, brown stalks with no people or birds. That is the essence of 'Ujadna'.

Word Web

Village Ruin Empty Sad Heartbreak Partition Flood Desolation

チャレンジ

Try to describe a ghost town using the word 'Ujadna' three times in different tenses (past, present, future).

語源

Derived from the Sanskrit root 'Ujjada' or related to 'Udyata'. It evolved through Prakrit into Modern Hindi.

元の意味： To go out of order, to become waste, or to be uprooted.

Indo-Aryan

文化的な背景

Be careful using this word with people who have suffered actual displacement or loss of family, as it carries a very heavy emotional weight.

English speakers often use 'ruined' or 'devastated', but 'Ujadna' specifically captures the 'emptying out' of a place which English usually needs more words to describe.

The film 'Ujra Chaman' (2019) deals with premature balding, using the word metaphorically for a head losing hair. Poem: 'Dilli jo ek shehar tha...' by Mir Taqi Mir describes the 'ujadna' of Delhi. Partition literature by Saadat Hasan Manto frequently uses this verb.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Natural Disasters

भूकंप में उजड़ना
बाढ़ से उजड़ना
तूफान में उजड़ना
सब कुछ उजड़ जाना

Personal Loss

परिवार उजड़ना
दुनिया उजड़ना
ज़िंदगी उजड़ना
सपना उजड़ना

Migration

गाँव का उजड़ना
पलायन से उजड़ना
खाली होना
बस्ती उजड़ना

Poetry/Romance

दिल की बस्ती
उजड़ा चमन
प्यार में उजड़ना
यादों का उजड़ना

History/War

विभाजन में उजड़ना
युद्ध से उजड़ना
शहर का उजड़ना
साम्राज्य का उजड़ना

会話のきっかけ

"क्या आपने कभी कोई उजड़ा हुआ गाँव देखा है?"

"विभाजन के समय कितने ही परिवार उजड़ गए थे, क्या आपके परिवार की कोई कहानी है?"

"अगर शहर में पानी खत्म हो जाए, तो क्या शहर उजड़ जाएगा?"

"फिल्मों में 'उजड़ा चमन' का इस्तेमाल क्यों किया जाता है?"

"क्या एक उजड़ी हुई बस्ती को फिर से बसाना संभव है?"

日記のテーマ

किसी ऐसी जगह के बारे में लिखें जो पहले बहुत सुंदर थी पर अब उजड़ गई है।

जब हम कहते हैं कि 'किसी की दुनिया उजड़ गई', तो उसका क्या मतलब होता है? विस्तार से लिखें।

पर्यावरण के विनाश से कैसे जंगल उजड़ रहे हैं? अपने विचार लिखें।

क्या आपने कभी महसूस किया है कि आपकी कोई उम्मीद उजड़ गई है? उस अनुभव को साझा करें।

पुराने किलों को देखकर क्या आपको उजड़े हुए इतिहास की याद आती है?

よくある質問

10 問

Yes, it is very common in poetry. You can say 'Mera dil ujad gaya' to mean you are emotionally devastated, though 'Dil toot gaya' is more common for simple breakups.

No, that would be too dramatic. Use 'Bikhra hua' (scattered) or 'Ganda' (dirty). 'Ujadna' implies the room was destroyed, perhaps by a storm.

'Ujad gaya' is passive/intransitive (The village was ruined). 'Ujaad diya' is active/transitive (The enemy ruined the village).

Usually, yes. It implies a loss of the 'population' or 'life' that made a place special. A garden 'ujadta' when the flowers die.

It is neutral. It is used in newspapers, books, and daily conversation when talking about serious loss.

Yes, 'Vyapaar ujad gaya' means the business was completely ruined and shut down.

The best opposite is 'Basna' (to settle) or 'Aabaad hona' (to become populated/thriving).

It is a retroflex flap. Your tongue should hit the roof of your mouth and then flap forward quickly.

Yes, often as a warning: 'Agar tumne dhyan nahi diya, to sab ujad jayega' (If you don't pay attention, everything will be ruined).

Almost never. It is a word of tragedy, loss, and desolation.

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