B1 · 中級 チャプター 44

Word Formation: Derivation & Compounding

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このチャプターのルール クイック練習

Chapter in 30 Seconds

Unlock the power of Armenian word building to express complex ideas with ease and precision.

  • Master common suffixes and prefixes to expand your vocabulary exponentially.
  • Construct compound words to describe objects and people naturally.
  • Apply verbal nouns and diminutives to add nuance to your daily conversations.
Build your vocabulary, piece by piece.

学べること

Explore how new words are formed in Armenian through suffixes, prefixes, and compounding. This chapter also covers verbal nouns and morphological processes.

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: Derive new words using standard Armenian suffixes and prefixes.

ヒントとコツ (4)

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Guessing

If you see a word ending in -ություն, it is almost certainly a noun.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Suffixes: Changing Word Class
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Check the root

Always find the root word first to understand the prefix's effect.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Prefixes: Modifying Meaning
🎯

The Vowel Drop

If the first word ends in 'u', drop it before adding 'a'. Jur -> Jr-a-man.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Compound Nouns: Combining Words
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Auxiliary Verb

Always remember the auxiliary verb 'եմ' for continuous actions.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Verbal Nouns: -ում, -ել

重要な語彙 (5)

գրական literary (from 'գիր' - book) անհնար impossible (prefix 'ան' + 'հնար') լուսամուտ window (compound: light + eye/opening) ընթերցում reading (verbal noun) փոքրիկ tiny/little (diminutive)

Real-World Preview

home

Describing a new home

Review Summary

  • Root + Suffix
  • Prefix + Root

よくある間違い

Prefixes like 'ան-' don't always need additional suffixes when used as direct modifiers.

Wrong: Անհնարինը գործ է
正解: Անհնար գործ է

Use verbal nouns (-ում) to sound more formal and academic.

Wrong: Նա գրում է գրքեր
正解: Նա զբաղվում է գրքերի ընթերցմամբ

Diminutives already imply smallness; 'very' is redundant.

Wrong: Շատ փոքրիկ տուն
正解: Փոքրիկ տուն

Next Steps

Congratulations on finishing this level! You have mastered the building blocks of the Armenian language. Keep practicing and exploring!

Read a short Armenian news article and highlight compound words.

Continue to: The Subjunctive Mood: Wishes & Possibilities

クイック練習 (10)

Correct the sentence.

Find and fix the mistake:

Նա երկար-ոտ է։

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Նա երկարաոտ է։
No hyphens.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Compound Adjectives: Describing with Two Words

Fill in the blank.

Սա ___ է (impossible).

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: անհնար
ան- is the negation prefix.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Prefixes: Modifying Meaning

Fill in the blank.

Նա ___ աշխատող է։ (hard-working)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: աշխատասեր
Hard-working is աշխատասեր.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Compound Adjectives: Describing with Two Words

Correct the error in the sentence.

Find and fix the mistake:

Նա բարի-սիրտ է։

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Նա բարեսիրտ է։
Compound adjectives are single words without hyphens.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Compound Adjectives: Describing with Two Words

Choose the correct sentence.

Which is correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Ես ուտում եմ
Needs auxiliary.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Verbal Nouns: -ում, -ել

Choose the correct word.

Which word means 'excellent'?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: գերազանց
գեր- is the intensity prefix.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Prefixes: Modifying Meaning

Fill in the correct form.

Ես ___ եմ։ (to write)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: գրում
Continuous form.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Verbal Nouns: -ում, -ել

Fill in the blank with the correct compound adjective.

Նա շատ ___ մարդ է։ (kind-hearted)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: բարեսիրտ
Kind-hearted is բարեսիրտ.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Compound Adjectives: Describing with Two Words

Pick the diminutive.

Which is the diminutive of 'շուն'?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: շնիկ
-իկ is the suffix.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Diminutives and Augmentatives

Choose the correct compound adjective.

Which word means 'long-legged'?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: երկարաոտ
երկարաոտ means long-legged.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Compound Adjectives: Describing with Two Words

Score: /10

よくある質問 (6)

Usually no, it makes the word clunky.
Yes, in modern Armenian, they are always attached directly without spaces or hyphens.
Rarely, but it is possible in very complex technical terms.
Technically yes, but only certain combinations are standard. Creating your own might sound like poetry or nonsense!
This is a historical phonological rule in Armenian where internal vowels weaken when the word gets longer.
A word formed by joining two roots with a connector.
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Discourse Markers & Connectors
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The Subjunctive Mood: Wishes & Possibilities
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