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短期的な

B1 adjective #3,500 よく出る 9分で読める

短期的な

tanki-teki na 上位3,500

練習する例文メモとヒント 短期的な 30秒で

解説 短期的な in your Level:

At the A1 level, you don't need to use '短期的な' (tankiteki na) often. Instead, you usually use the word '短い' (mijikai), which means 'short.' However, if you see '短期的な,' just remember it means 'for a short time.' For example, if you see '短期的な旅行' (tankiteki na ryokō), it means a 'short-term trip.' You might see this word on signs at schools or travel agencies. It is a formal way to say 'not long.' Just focus on the first kanji '短' which looks like a person with a short arrow. It helps you remember the meaning is 'short.' Don't worry about using it in your own speaking yet; just try to recognize it when you see it in brochures or on websites for short Japanese classes.

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At the A2 level, you are starting to learn more formal words. '短期的な' (tankiteki na) is a 'na-adjective.' This means you put 'na' after it to describe a noun. You can use it to talk about your plans. For example, if you are staying in Japan for only one month, you can say '短期的な滞在' (tankiteki na taizai - a short-term stay). It sounds more professional than 'mijikai.' You should also learn the opposite: '長期的な' (chōkiteki na), which means 'long-term.' Using these two words together makes you sound much more advanced. Try to use it when talking about your study goals, like '短期的な目標は、漢字を50個覚えることです' (My short-term goal is to remember 50 kanji).

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As a B1 learner, '短期的な' (tankiteki na) becomes a key word for discussing strategies, opinions, and business. You should understand that this word is specifically for 'periods' or 'terms.' It is very common in news and work settings. You will often hear it used with '利益' (rieki - profit) or '影響' (eikyō - influence). At this level, you should also practice using the adverbial form '短期的に' (tankiteki ni). For example, '短期的に見れば' (if you look at it from a short-term perspective). This is a great way to start a sentence when you want to compare immediate results with future ones. Pay attention to how it contrasts with '長期的な' in debates or articles about the economy and environment.

At the B2 level, you should be able to use '短期的な' (tankiteki na) with nuanced precision. You should distinguish it from synonyms like '一時的な' (temporary) or '当面の' (immediate). In business Japanese, '短期的な' is used to describe tactical moves as opposed to strategic ones. You might discuss '短期的な資金繰り' (short-term cash flow) or '短期的な市場の動向' (short-term market trends). You should also be comfortable using it in the negative or with modifiers, such as '単に短期的なものではなく...' (It's not just a short-term thing, but...). At this level, you are expected to understand the critical tone often associated with '短期的な利益' in social commentaries, where it implies a lack of sustainability.

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For C1 learners, '短期的な' (tankiteki na) is a foundational element of academic and professional discourse. You should be able to analyze its usage in complex texts, such as white papers or philosophical essays. It often appears in discussions about 'short-termism' in corporate governance. You should be able to use it to qualify complex phenomena, such as '短期的なボラティリティ' (short-term volatility) in finance or '短期的な適応戦略' (short-term adaptation strategies) in biology or sociology. Your ability to contrast '短期的な' with '恒久的な' (permanent) or '持続可能な' (sustainable) will show a high level of linguistic sophistication. You should also be aware of how the word functions in legal contexts, such as '短期的な契約' (short-term contracts) and the specific rights associated with them.

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At the C2 level, '短期的な' (tankiteki na) is used with effortless precision in highly specialized contexts. You might use it to discuss the '短期的な均衡' (short-run equilibrium) in macroeconomic modeling or the '短期的な記憶過程' (short-term memory processes) in cognitive neuroscience. At this level, the focus is on the subtle connotations the word carries in different registers. For example, in political rhetoric, '短期的な' might be used to dismiss an opponent's policy as 'populist' or 'reactionary.' You should be able to navigate these subtexts and use the word to construct persuasive, high-level arguments. Furthermore, you should be familiar with its appearance in classical-style modern Japanese or highly formal documents where it might be replaced by even more specific Sino-Japanese compounds, yet '短期的な' remains the standard for clear, analytical communication.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

短期的な 30秒で

Means 'short-term' or 'temporary' in a formal sense.
Grammatically functions as a na-adjective (短期的な + Noun).
Commonly used in business, finance, and medical contexts.
The direct opposite of 'chōkiteki na' (long-term).

The Japanese word 短期的な (tankiteki na) is a highly versatile na-adjective used to describe actions, states, or plans that are limited to a brief duration or a near-future horizon. To understand this word, we must look at its morphological roots. The first kanji, 短 (tan), signifies 'short' or 'brief,' while the second, 期 (ki), refers to a 'period,' 'term,' or 'time.' Together, 短期 (tanki) means 'short term.' The suffix 的 (teki) functions similarly to the English suffix '-ish' or '-ic,' transforming the noun into an adjective. Finally, the な (na) is the necessary particle to link this adjective to a following noun. In essence, it describes anything that is not intended to last for a long time or anything that focuses on immediate results rather than long-range consequences.

Core Concept: Temporal limitation. It emphasizes that the scope of the subject is confined to a short window of time, often ranging from a few days to a few months, depending on the context.

In everyday life, you will encounter this word most frequently in professional, academic, and medical settings. For instance, a business might focus on 短期的な利益 (short-term profits) to please shareholders, even if it hurts their 長期的な (long-term) health. In a medical context, a doctor might discuss 短期的な副作用 (short-term side effects) of a medication that will disappear once the body adjusts. It is a word that carries a sense of pragmatism but also, occasionally, a hint of criticism if the 'short-term' focus is seen as short-sighted.

会社は短期的な利益ばかりを追い求めている。
(The company is only chasing short-term profits.)

Culturally, Japanese society often values 長期的な視点 (a long-term perspective), so using 短期的な can sometimes imply a lack of depth or foresight, depending on the tone of the conversation. However, it is also used neutrally to define logistics, such as 短期的な滞在 (a short-term stay) or 短期的なプロジェクト (a short-term project). It is essential to distinguish this from words like 短い (mijikai), which simply means 'short' in length or duration without the formal 'term-based' nuance of 短期的な.

Grammatical Slot: As a na-adjective, it almost always precedes a noun. [短期的な] + [Noun]. It rarely stands alone at the end of a sentence in casual speech.

Lastly, the word is indispensable in the world of finance and economics. Market analysts frequently discuss 短期的な変動 (short-term fluctuations) in stock prices. In these contexts, the word is purely technical and lacks the emotional weight it might have in a discussion about personal relationships or life goals. Understanding the balance between 'short-term' and 'long-term' (chōkiteki) is a key theme in many Japanese discussions about strategy and growth.

Using 短期的な (tankiteki na) correctly requires an understanding of its role as a modifier. Since it is a na-adjective, its primary function is to provide a specific temporal quality to a noun. It doesn't just mean 'short'; it means 'related to a short period.' This distinction is vital. For example, you wouldn't use it to describe a 'short pencil' (that would be 短い鉛筆), but you would use it for a 'short-term goal' (短期的な目標).

Common Collocations: 1. 短期的な目標 (Short-term goal)
2. 短期的な利益 (Short-term profit)
3. 短期的な影響 (Short-term influence/effect)
4. 短期的な滞在 (Short-term stay)

When constructing sentences, pay attention to the contrast between the short-term and the long-term. Many natural Japanese sentences use 短期的な as a counterpoint to 長期的な (chōkiteki na). This rhetorical device is common in business presentations and academic writing to show a comprehensive analysis of a situation.

短期的な視点ではなく、長期的な視点で物事を考えるべきだ。
(We should think about things from a long-term perspective, not a short-term one.)

Another important usage is the adverbial form, 短期的に (tankiteki ni). This is used when the short-term nature refers to the manner in which an action is performed. For instance, 'to invest short-term' would be 短期的に投資する. This is a crucial shift for B1 learners to master—moving from modifying objects to modifying actions.

In social contexts, you might hear this word when discussing travel or study plans. If someone is going to Japan for only two weeks, they might call it a 短期的な留学 (short-term study abroad). This sounds more formal and specific than just saying 'a short trip.' It implies a structured period with a beginning and an end.

この薬には短期的な副作用があるかもしれません。
(This medicine might have short-term side effects.)

Finally, remember that 'na' adjectives can also be used with 'desu' at the end of a sentence, though it is less common for this specific word. You might say その計画は短期的なものです (That plan is a short-term one). Using 'mono' (thing) or 'no' (one) after the adjective helps it function as a predicate more naturally.

The word 短期的な (tankiteki na) is a staple of news broadcasts, particularly during the business and weather segments. If you watch NHK News, you will frequently hear anchors discussing 短期的な予報 (short-term forecasts) or the 短期的な経済の見通し (short-term economic outlook). It provides a professional tone that casual words like 'chotto' or 'mijikai' cannot convey.

Context: Business Meetings: Managers use it to set immediate targets. '今期の短期的な目標は...' (This term's short-term goal is...). It helps focus the team's energy on what needs to be done right now.

In the world of Japanese education, specifically for language learners, you will see this in course descriptions. Language schools offer 短期的なコース (short-term courses) for tourists or business people who can only spare a few weeks. This usage is very common in brochures and on websites targeting foreigners. It signifies a specialized, intensive program rather than a casual one.

日本で短期的なインターンシップを探しています。
(I am looking for a short-term internship in Japan.)

Another interesting place you'll hear it is in psychological or self-help contexts. Discussions about 短期的な満足 (short-term gratification) versus long-term happiness are popular in Japanese magazines and podcasts. It is used to describe the dopamine hit from social media or impulse buying—things that feel good now but don't last.

In sports, coaches might talk about 短期的なコンディショニング (short-term conditioning) before a big tournament. This refers to the specific physical peaking required for a single event. If you are a fan of Japanese sports commentary, listen for this word when analysts discuss a team's strategy for a specific match versus their strategy for the whole season.

株価の短期的な動きに一喜一憂してはいけない。
(Don't be swayed by short-term movements in stock prices.)

Lastly, in urban planning or environmental discussions, you'll hear about 短期的な対策 (short-term measures) for things like heatwaves or traffic congestion. These are 'band-aid' solutions meant to address an immediate crisis while a 長期的な計画 (long-term plan) is being developed. Hearing this word often signals that the speaker is aware the current solution is not permanent.

The most frequent mistake English speakers make with 短期的な (tankiteki na) is confusing it with the simple adjective 短い (mijikai). While both translate to 'short' in English, their usage is strictly divided in Japanese. Mijikai is used for physical length (a short rope) or simple time duration (a short meeting). Tankiteki na is an abstract, conceptual word used for 'terms' or 'periods.' You cannot say 'tankiteki na enpitsu' for a short pencil; it sounds bizarre and nonsensical.

Mistake 1: Using 'no' instead of 'na': Incorrect: 短期的なの目標 (Tankiteki na no mokuhyō)
Correct: 短期的な目標 (Tankiteki na mokuhyō)
Note: Because 'teki' already turns the word into a na-adjective, you only need 'na' to connect it to a noun. Adding 'no' is redundant and grammatically wrong.

Another common error is failing to use the adverbial 'ni' when modifying a verb. Learners often say tankiteki na kangaeru (to think short-term-ly), but it must be tankiteki ni kangaeru. Adjectives modify nouns; adverbs modify verbs. This is a basic grammar rule that is often forgotten in the heat of conversation.

❌ 彼は短期的な働いた。
✅ 彼は短期的に働いた。
(He worked on a short-term basis.)

Contextual misapplication is also frequent. Tankiteki na implies a structured timeframe. If you are just talking about a 'brief moment' (like a flash of light), tankiteki na is too heavy. In that case, 一瞬の (isshun no) or わずかな (wazuka na) would be more appropriate. Using tankiteki na for a split-second event makes it sound like a bureaucratic term for a lightning bolt.

Finally, some learners confuse 短期的な with 一時的な (ichijiteki na). While they are similar, ichijiteki na means 'temporary' or 'for the time being,' often implying that the situation will return to normal later. Tankiteki na simply describes the duration of a specific phase or plan. For example, a 'temporary' power outage is 一時的な停電, not 短期的な停電, because the outage isn't a planned 'term' or 'period.'

To truly master 短期的な (tankiteki na), you must understand the words that surround it in the Japanese lexicon. The most obvious counterpart is 長期的な (chōkiteki na), which means 'long-term.' These two are almost always learned together and used to contrast different strategies or perspectives. Between them lies 中期的な (chūkiteki na), meaning 'medium-term,' which is very common in corporate five-year plans.

Comparison: 短期的な vs. 一時的な: 短期的な (Tankiteki na): Focuses on a defined short period or term. Used for goals, plans, and investments. (e.g., Short-term goal).
一時的な (Ichijiteki na): Focuses on the fact that something is 'temporary' and will pass. Used for symptoms, glitches, or weather. (e.g., Temporary pain).

Another synonym is つかの間の (tsukanoma no). This is a much more poetic and literary word than the clinical tankiteki na. It describes a 'fleeting' or 'brief' moment of joy or peace. You would use this in a novel to describe a short rest during a war, whereas you would use tankiteki na to describe a short-term ceasefire agreement in a news report.

それはつかの間の休息だった。
(It was a fleeting moment of rest.)

If you are looking for a more formal or technical term, 当面の (tōmen no) is a great alternative. It means 'for the time being' or 'immediate.' It is often used in business to discuss problems that need to be solved right away. '当面の課題' (immediate challenges) is a common phrase. While tankiteki na looks at the duration, tōmen no looks at the urgency.

Lastly, consider 暫定的な (zanteiteki na), which means 'provisional' or 'tentative.' This is used when a decision is made for the short term because a final decision hasn't been reached yet. For example, a 'provisional budget' is 暫定予算. This adds a layer of 'incompleteness' that tankiteki na doesn't necessarily have. Using the right word among these choices will make your Japanese sound much more precise and sophisticated.

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

The suffix '-teki' was originally used to mean 'target' (like a bullseye), but during the modernization of Japan, scholars used it to translate the English suffix '-ic' or '-al' (as in 'econom-ic' or 'logic-al').

発音ガイド

UK tæŋki teki na

US tɑŋki tɛki nɑ

Japanese has pitch accent rather than stress. 'Tankiteki' generally follows a Low-High-High-High-High pattern (Heiban), though it can vary by dialect.

韻が合う語

長期的な (chōkiteki na) 画期的な (kakkiteki na) 定期的な (teikiteki na) 劇的な (gekiteki na) 公的な (kōteki na) 私的な (shiteki na) 意図的な (itoteki na) 伝統的な (dentōteki na)

よくある間違い

Pronouncing 'teki' like 'teeky'. It should be a short 'e' like in 'egg'.
Stressing the 'tan' too hard like English 'TANK'. Keep the syllables even.
Forgetting the 'na' when modifying a noun.
Dragging the final 'a' of 'na' too long.
Pronouncing 'ki' as 'kee' with a long vowel.

難易度

読解 3/5

The kanji are common but the 'teki na' structure requires B1 knowledge.

ライティング 4/5

Writing 'ki' (期) and 'teki' (的) correctly takes practice.

スピーキング 3/5

Easy to pronounce once you get the pitch accent.

リスニング 3/5

Common in news; easy to hear but can be confused with 'tanki' (short-tempered).

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

短い (Mijikai) 期間 (Kikan) 目標 (Mokuhyō) 利益 (Rieki) 計画 (Keikaku)

次に学ぶ

長期的な (Chōkiteki na) 中期的な (Chūkiteki na) 一時的な (Ichijiteki na) 当面の (Tōmen no) 暫定的な (Zanteiteki na)

上級

短期主義 (Tanki shugi) 短期プライムレート (Tanki puraimu rēto) 短期記憶 (Tanki kioku) 刹那主義 (Setsuna shugi) 一過性 (Ikkasei)

知っておくべき文法

Na-adjective connection

短期的な + 目標 (tankiteki na mokuhyō)

Adverbial conversion with 'ni'

短期的に + 考える (tankiteki ni kangaeru)

Contrasting with 'dewa naku'

短期的な視点ではなく、長期的な視点...

Polite predicate form

それは短期的なものです。

Meiji-era 'teki' suffix usage

科学的な, 経済的な, 短期的な

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レベル別の例文

短期的な旅行に行きます。

I am going on a short-term trip.

短期的な (na-adjective) + 旅行 (noun).

これは短期的なコースです。

This is a short-term course.

Use 'na' to connect to the noun 'kōsu'.

短期的なバイトをします。

I will do a short-term part-time job.

Baito is a common noun for part-time work.

短期的な滞在です。

It is a short-term stay.

Taizai means stay/residency.

短期的な目標があります。

I have a short-term goal.

Mokuhyō means goal or objective.

短期的な計画を立てます。

I will make a short-term plan.

Keikaku means plan.

短期的な休みがほしいです。

I want a short-term break.

Yasumi means break or holiday.

短期的な仕事を探しています。

I am looking for short-term work.

Shigoto means work or job.

短期的な留学を考えています。

I am considering a short-term study abroad.

Ryūgaku means study abroad.

短期的な効果はありますが、長くは続きません。

There is a short-term effect, but it won't last long.

Kōka means effect or result.

短期的な視点で考えないでください。

Please don't think from a short-term perspective.

Shiten means perspective or point of view.

短期的な契約を結びました。

We signed a short-term contract.

Keiyaku means contract.

短期的なプロジェクトに参加します。

I will participate in a short-term project.

Sanka means participation.

短期的な変化に注意してください。

Please be careful of short-term changes.

Henka means change.

短期的な解決策が必要です。

A short-term solution is necessary.

Kaigetsusaku means solution or measure.

短期的な利益よりも信頼が大切です。

Trust is more important than short-term profit.

Rieki means profit.

短期的な目標を達成することが、自信につながります。

Achieving short-term goals leads to self-confidence.

Tassei means achievement; tsunagaru means to lead to.

この投資は短期的な利益を目的としています。

This investment aims for short-term profits.

Mokuteki means purpose or aim.

短期的な副作用として、眠気が出ることがあります。

As a short-term side effect, sleepiness may occur.

Fukusayō means side effect.

短期的な視点に立つと、この案は魅力的です。

From a short-term perspective, this proposal is attractive.

Shiten ni tatsu means to take a perspective.

短期的な経済の混乱が予想されます。

Short-term economic turmoil is expected.

Konran means confusion or turmoil.

短期的な滞在者のためのアパートを探す。

Search for an apartment for short-term residents.

Taizaisha means resident/stayer.

短期的な記憶をテストする実験を行いました。

We conducted an experiment to test short-term memory.

Kioku means memory.

短期的な成功に満足してはいけない。

You must not be satisfied with short-term success.

Manzoku means satisfaction.

短期的な収益を優先するあまり、研究開発費を削ってしまった。

By prioritizing short-term earnings too much, they cut R&D costs.

Priority + 'amari' (too much/to the point that).

短期的な為替の変動は、予測が非常に困難です。

Short-term currency fluctuations are extremely difficult to predict.

Kawase means exchange; hendō means fluctuation.

短期的な対策だけでは、根本的な解決にはなりません。

Short-term measures alone will not lead to a fundamental solution.

Konponteki means fundamental.

短期的な雇用契約が、労働市場の不安定さを招いている。

Short-term employment contracts are causing instability in the labor market.

Koyō means employment; maneku means to invite/cause.

短期的なブームに終わらせないための工夫が必要です。

Efforts are needed to ensure it doesn't end as just a short-term fad.

Būmu (boom/fad); kufū means ingenuity/effort.

短期的な視点から見れば、コスト削減は正解かもしれない。

From a short-term point of view, cutting costs might be the right answer.

Kosuto sakugen means cost reduction.

短期的なストレスは、時としてパフォーマンスを向上させる。

Short-term stress sometimes improves performance.

Performance is written in katakana.

短期的な数値目標に縛られすぎると、大局を見失う。

If you are too tied to short-term numerical targets, you lose sight of the big picture.

Shibarareru means to be tied/bound; taikyoku means big picture.

短期的な利害関係に囚われず、持続可能な社会を目指すべきだ。

We should aim for a sustainable society without being trapped by short-term interests.

Rigai kankei means interests/stakeholders; torawareru means to be trapped.

短期的なショックを和らげるために、政府は財政出動を決定した。

To mitigate the short-term shock, the government decided on fiscal stimulus.

Yawarageru means to soften/mitigate; zaisei shutsudō means fiscal spending.

短期的なアウトカムの評価だけでは、教育の真の価値は測れない。

The true value of education cannot be measured solely by evaluating short-term outcomes.

Autokamu (outcome); hakarenai means cannot be measured.

短期的な感情の起伏をコントロールする術を身につける。

Acquire the skill to control short-term emotional ups and downs.

Kanjō no kifuku means emotional fluctuations.

短期的な投機資金の流入が、新興国の経済を不安定にしている。

The influx of short-term speculative capital is destabilizing the economies of emerging nations.

Tōki shigin means speculative capital; shinkōkoku means emerging nation.

短期的な記憶の欠落は、認知症の初期症状の一つです。

Short-term memory loss is one of the early symptoms of dementia.

Ketsuraku means lack/loss; ninshishō means dementia.

短期的な適応は可能だが、長期的な進化には至らない。

Short-term adaptation is possible, but it doesn't lead to long-term evolution.

Tekio means adaptation; shinka means evolution.

短期的な視座に固執することは、組織の硬直化を招く恐れがある。

Clinging to a short-term perspective risks causing organizational rigidity.

Shiza (perspective/standpoint); kōchokuka means rigidity.

短期的な均衡分析においては、価格の粘着性が重要な役割を果たす。

In short-run equilibrium analysis, price stickiness plays a crucial role.

Kinkō bunseki means equilibrium analysis; nenchakusei means stickiness.

短期的なポピュリズムに流される政治が、国家の根幹を揺るがしている。

Politics swayed by short-term populism is shaking the very foundations of the nation.

Popurizumu (populism); konkan means foundation/root.

短期的な気象変動と長期的な気候変動を峻別して議論する必要がある。

It is necessary to strictly distinguish and discuss short-term weather variability and long-term climate change.

Shunbetsu means strict distinction.

短期的な利益供与は、長期的には組織の腐敗を助長する。

Short-term provision of benefits encourages organizational corruption in the long run.

Rieki kyōyo means providing benefits/bribery; jochō means encouragement (of something bad).

短期的な生存戦略として、その生物は極端な形態変化を遂げた。

As a short-term survival strategy, the organism underwent an extreme morphological change.

Seizon senryaku means survival strategy; keitai means form/morphology.

短期的なパラダイムシフトが、産業構造を劇的に変容させた。

A short-term paradigm shift dramatically transformed the industrial structure.

Paradaimu shifuto; hen'yō means transformation.

短期的な快楽の追求が、実存的な虚無感をもたらすことがある。

The pursuit of short-term pleasure can sometimes lead to an existential sense of emptiness.

Kairaku means pleasure; jitsuzonteki means existential.

短期的なマクロ経済指標の好転が、必ずしも民生の安定を意味しない。

An improvement in short-term macroeconomic indicators does not necessarily mean the stability of people's livelihoods.

Makuro keizai shihyō; minsei means people's livelihood.

よく使う組み合わせ

短期的な利益

短期的な目標

短期的な視点

短期的な影響

短期的な滞在

短期的な副作用

短期的な変動

短期的な対策

短期的な契約

短期的な記憶

よく使うフレーズ

短期的に見れば

— From a short-term perspective. Used to introduce a point about immediate consequences.

短期的に見れば、この計画は成功だ。

短期的なスパン

— A short-term span or timeframe. Often used in project management.

短期的なスパンでプロジェクトを回す。

短期的な視野

— A short-term outlook or vision, often used critically to mean 'short-sighted.'

短期的な視野に陥っている。

短期的な解決

— A short-term fix or resolution to a problem.

短期的な解決にはなるが、根本的ではない。

短期的なニーズ

— Short-term needs or requirements of customers or a market.

短期的なニーズに応える。

短期的な集中

— Short-term focus or concentration on a specific task.

短期的な集中力が必要だ。

短期的なリターン

— Short-term returns, usually referring to financial profit.

短期的なリターンを期待する。

短期的な関係

— A short-term relationship, whether business or personal.

短期的な関係で終わった。

短期的な留学プログラム

— A short-term study abroad program.

短期的な留学プログラムに申し込む。

短期的なアルバイト

— A short-term part-time job, like seasonal work.

短期的なアルバイトを募集している。

よく混同される語

短期的な vs 短い (Mijikai)

Mijikai is for physical length or simple duration. Tankiteki na is for 'terms' or 'periods' in an abstract sense.

短期的な vs 短気 (Tanki)

Same sound, but 'Tanki' (short-tempered) uses different kanji (短気) and is a noun/na-adjective for personality.

短期的な vs 一時的な (Ichijiteki na)

Ichijiteki na means 'temporary/passing.' Tankiteki na means 'related to a short period/term.'

慣用句と表現

"短期的な利益に目がくらむ"

— To be blinded by short-term profits. Used when someone makes a bad decision for immediate gain.

彼は短期的な利益に目がくらんで、友人を裏切った。

Neutral

"短期的な視点に終始する"

— To be consistently limited to a short-term perspective.

議論が短期的な視点に終始してしまった。

Formal

"短期的なブームに乗る"

— To jump on a short-term trend or bandwagon.

短期的なブームに乗って新商品を発売する。

Informal

"短期的なカンフル剤"

— A short-term shot in the arm; a temporary measure to stimulate something.

この減税は短期的なカンフル剤にすぎない。

Business/Political

"短期的な付け焼き刃"

— A short-term 'tempered blade' (meaning a last-minute, superficial preparation).

短期的な付け焼き刃の知識では通用しない。

Neutral

"短期的な泥縄"

— Starting to make a rope after the thief is caught (short-term hasty measures).

短期的な泥縄式の対策では不十分だ。

Informal

"短期的な一喜一憂"

— Alternating between joy and sorrow based on short-term changes.

短期的な株価に一喜一憂する。

Neutral

"短期的なしのぎ"

— A short-term way to get by or bridge a gap.

短期的なしのぎとして借金をする。

Informal

"短期的な花火"

— A short-term firework (something flashy that disappears quickly).

その人気は短期的な花火に終わった。

Informal

"短期的な突貫工事"

— A short-term rush job or crash program.

短期的な突貫工事でシステムを完成させた。

Business

間違えやすい

短期的な vs 短い

Both mean 'short'.

Mijikai is used for physical length (short hair) and simple time (short movie). Tankiteki na is for structured periods (short-term goal).

短い髪 vs 短期的な目標

短期的な vs 当面の

Both refer to the near future.

Tōmen no means 'for now' or 'immediate.' Tankiteki na refers to the duration of the period itself.

当面の課題 vs 短期的な課題

短期的な vs 暫定的な

Both imply something that isn't permanent.

Zanteiteki na means 'provisional' (waiting for a final version). Tankiteki na just means 'short-term' (regardless of whether a final version exists).

暫定的な予算 vs 短期的な予算

短期的な vs 一瞬の

Both mean not long.

Isshun no means 'a split second.' Tankiteki na means a period of time like days or months.

一瞬の出来事 vs 短期的な出来事

短期的な vs 短気な

Homophones (both pronounced 'tanki').

Tanki na (短気な) means short-tempered. Tankiteki na (短期的な) means short-term.

短気な人 vs 短期的な仕事

文型パターン

[Noun] は短期的なものです。

この効果は短期的なものです。

短期的な[Noun]を[Verb]。

短期的な目標を立てる。

短期的に見れば、[Sentence]。

短期的に見れば、これは良い案だ。

短期的な[Noun]よりも、長期的な[Noun]の方が大切だ。

短期的な利益よりも、長期的な信頼の方が大切だ。

短期的に[Verb]ことで、[Result]。

短期的に集中することで、成果が出た。

短期的な[Noun]に囚われるあまり、[Negative Result]。

短期的な利益に囚われるあまり、信用を失った。

短期的な[Noun]と長期的な[Noun]を峻別する。

短期的な変動と長期的な傾向を峻別する。

短期的な[Noun]が[Noun]の根幹を揺るがす。

短期的なポピュリズムが国家の根幹を揺るがす。

語族

名詞

短期 (Tanki) - Short term

短期間 (Tankikan) - Short period of time

形容詞

短い (Mijikai) - Short (i-adjective)

使い方

frequency

Highly frequent in news, business, and academic writing.

よくある間違い

Using '短期的な' for physical length. → 短い (Mijikai)
You cannot use '短期的な' for a short bridge or a short person. It is strictly for time periods.
Saying '短期的なの目標'. → 短期的な目標
Adding 'no' after 'na' is redundant and incorrect. 'Teki' already makes it an adjective.
Confusing '短期的な' (short-term) with '短気な' (short-tempered). → Contextual awareness.
Though pronounced the same, 'short-tempered' describes personality, while 'short-term' describes time.
Using '短期的な' when '一時的な' (temporary) is meant. → 一時的な (Ichijiteki na)
If a situation is an accidental glitch that will pass, '一時的な' is better. '短期的な' implies a defined period.
Using '短期的な' as a verb modifier without 'ni'. → 短期的に考える
To modify a verb, you must use the adverbial form 'ni', not the adjectival 'na'.

ヒント

Don't forget the 'na'

As a na-adjective, '短期的な' must have 'na' before a noun. Without it, the sentence is grammatically incomplete.

Business Context

In a Japanese office, use this word to distinguish between immediate tasks and long-term strategy. It shows you have a professional vocabulary.

The 'Teki' Suffix

Learn 'teki' as a way to turn nouns into adjectives. Once you know 'Tanki' (short term), adding 'teki' makes it 'short-term-ish'.

Contrast is Key

If you use '短期的な', try to mention '長期的な' in the next sentence. This is a common Japanese rhetorical pattern that sounds very balanced.

Kanji Precision

Be careful with the kanji for 'ki'. It's 期 (period), not 気 (spirit). '短気' means short-tempered!

News Keywords

When you hear 'tankiteki' on the news, get ready for data about the economy or weather. It's a major signal word.

Neutrality

Use '短期的な' when you want to be objective. If you want to be poetic, use 'つかの間の'.

Adverb Form

Master '短期的に' (tankiteki ni) to describe how someone is thinking or acting. It's a very useful B1-level adverb.

Sustainability

In modern Japan, '短期的な' is often used in discussions about sustainability (SDGs). Focus on why short-term fixes aren't enough.

Compound Recognition

In newspapers, '短期' often appears without 'teki na' in compounds like '短期決戦' (short-term decisive battle).

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of a 'TANK' that only has a 'KEY' for a 'SHORT' time. TANK-KEY-TEKI. You only have the key to the tank for a short-term period.

視覚的連想

Imagine a small calendar with only one week circled in bright red. This represents a 'short-term' period.

Word Web

短期 (Short term) 目標 (Goal) 利益 (Profit) 滞在 (Stay) 留学 (Study abroad) 投資 (Investment) 副作用 (Side effect) 視点 (Perspective)

チャレンジ

Try to use '短期的な' in a sentence today to describe one of your goals for this week. Say it out loud three times.

語源

The word is composed of 'Tanki' (短期), a Sino-Japanese compound (Kango), and the suffix 'teki' (的), which became popular in the Meiji era to translate Western adjectives. 'Na' (な) is the standard attributive marker for such adjectives.

元の意味： The kanji 短 originally depicted a person and an arrow, representing something short. 期 represented a moon and a sieve, signifying a cycle or period of time.

Sino-Japanese (Kango) with a Meiji-era adjectival suffix.

文化的な背景

Be careful when using 'tankiteki na' to describe people's efforts; it can sound like you are dismissing their work as superficial if not used carefully.

In English, 'short-term' can be a noun or an adjective. In Japanese, you must distinguish between the noun 'tanki' and the adjective 'tankiteki na'.

Short-termism (短期主義 - tanki shugi) in corporate management. Short-term memory (短期記憶 - tanki kioku) in psychology. Short-term Prime Rate (短期プライムレート) in banking.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Business

短期的な利益
短期的なプロジェクト
短期的な契約
短期的な収益

Education

短期的な留学
短期的なコース
短期的な目標
短期的な集中講座

Health

短期的な副作用
短期的な症状
短期的な入院
短期的な治療

Finance

短期的な投資
短期的な変動
短期的な資金
短期的な市場動向

Politics

短期的な対策
短期的な政策
短期的な支持
短期的な効果

会話のきっかけ

"短期的な目標は何ですか？ (What is your short-term goal?)"

"短期的な留学に興味がありますか？ (Are you interested in short-term study abroad?)"

"短期的な利益を優先すべきだと思いますか？ (Do you think short-term profits should be prioritized?)"

"最近、短期的なブームになっているものは何ですか？ (What is something that has become a short-term fad recently?)"

"短期的な副作用について心配していますか？ (Are you worried about short-term side effects?)"

日記のテーマ

あなたの短期的な目標と、それを達成するための計画を書いてください。 (Write about your short-term goals and your plan to achieve them.)

短期的な成功と長期的な成功、どちらが重要だと思いますか？ (Which do you think is more important, short-term success or long-term success?)

短期的な滞在で日本に行くなら、どこに行きたいですか？ (If you were going to Japan for a short-term stay, where would you want to go?)

短期的な視点で動いて失敗した経験はありますか？ (Do you have an experience where you acted with a short-term perspective and failed?)

短期的な満足（例えばお菓子を食べるなど）をどうやってコントロールしていますか？ (How do you control short-term gratification, like eating sweets?)

よくある質問

10 問

No, you cannot. For a short person, you use '背が低い' (se ga hikui). '短期的な' is only for time periods and abstract concepts like goals or plans.

'短期' is a noun meaning 'short term.' '短期的な' is the adjective form. You use '短期' in compounds like '短期留学' (short-term study abroad), but '短期的な' when you want to describe a noun more flexibly, like '短期的な視点' (short-term perspective).

Yes, it is considered a relatively formal word. In casual conversation, people might use '短い' or 'ちょっとの間' instead. It is very common in business and news.

The opposite is '長期的な' (chōkiteki na). It follows the exact same grammar rules as '短期的な'.

Not exactly. 'Soon' is 'すぐに' or 'もうすぐ.' '短期的に' means 'on a short-term basis' or 'from a short-term perspective.' For example, '短期的に投資する' means to invest for a short period, not to invest soon.

Yes, for a 'short-term forecast' (短期的な予報). However, for a 'temporary shower,' '一時的な雨' (ichijiteki na ame) is more natural.

Not inherently, but it is often used in a critical way in business (e.g., chasing short-term profits instead of long-term growth). It depends on the context.

It is generally considered a B1 level word because it involves abstract concepts and formal adjectival suffixes.

No, that is incorrect. Use '短い鉛筆' (mijikai enpitsu). '短期的な' is only for time.

You say '短期的な利益' (tankiteki na rieki). This is one of the most common collocations for this word.

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