패배 30秒で
- Defeat in a battle, game, or competition.
- The state of being unsuccessful against an opponent.
- The opposite of victory; a loss.
- Used for sports, elections, and conflicts.
- Usage Contexts
- You'll commonly hear or read about 패배 in discussions about sports, elections, debates, military conflicts, and any situation involving a clear winner and loser.
- Nuance
- While 'defeat' is a direct translation, 패배 can sometimes carry a stronger sense of being completely overcome or vanquished, depending on the context. It's a fundamental word for understanding outcomes in competitive scenarios.
The team suffered a significant 패배 in the final match.
Despite their efforts, the opposition faced an inevitable 패배.
- Historical Usage
- Throughout Korean history, the concept of 패배 has been significant in understanding the outcomes of wars, political struggles, and social changes. The impact of a major 패배 could reshape dynasties and influence the course of the nation.
The general was blamed for the army's 패배.
- Sports Context
- In sports, a team or athlete experiencing 패배 will often analyze the reasons for their loss to improve for future games. It's a natural part of the competitive cycle.
This unexpected 패배 has put them out of the running for the championship.
- Figurative Use
- Beyond literal contests, '패배' can be used metaphorically to describe a failure in a personal goal, a failed attempt at persuasion, or even succumbing to temptation. For instance, one might say they experienced a '패배' in their attempt to quit smoking.
He felt a sense of 패배 after failing the exam.
- Emotional Impact
- A significant '패배' can lead to feelings of disappointment, frustration, or even shame. Understanding this word helps grasp the emotional weight associated with losing.
The team's morale was low after the crushing 패배.
- In News and Media
- You will frequently encounter '패배' in news reports covering elections, sports results, and international relations, where it is used to describe the outcomes of various contests and conflicts.
The incumbent suffered a shocking 패배 in the election.
- Beyond Literal Competition
- Figuratively, '패배' can describe succumbing to one's own weaknesses or desires. For example, someone might say they experienced a '패배' to temptation or a bad habit.
He admitted his 패배 to the allure of junk food.
- Consequences of Loss
- The consequences of a '패배' can vary greatly, from simple disappointment in a game to severe political or military repercussions. The word itself is neutral, but the context implies the significance of the loss.
The nation mourned the tragic 패배 in the war.
- Basic Sentence Structures
- A common structure is 'Subject + (Experiencing Verb) + 패배'. For example, '우리는 큰 패배를 겪었다' (Uri-neun keun pae-bae-reul gyeok-eot-da) means 'We experienced a big defeat.' The verb '겪다' (to experience) is frequently used with '패배'.
The team suffered a crushing 패배.
- Using '당하다' (to suffer)
- Another frequent verb is '당하다' (to suffer or undergo), used like 'Subject + 패배를 당하다'. For instance, '그는 예상치 못한 패배를 당했다' (Geu-neun ye-sang-chi mot-han pae-bae-reul dang-haet-da) translates to 'He suffered an unexpected defeat.' This emphasizes the negative impact of the loss.
The underdog experienced a bitter 패배.
- As the Subject
- '패배' can also be the subject of a sentence, often followed by verbs like 'is', 'was', or 'means'. For example, '패배는 쓰라린 경험이었다' (Pae-bae-neun sseu-ra-rin gyeong-eom-i-eot-da) means 'The defeat was a bitter experience.' This highlights the nature or consequence of the loss.
This 패배 has shaken the team's confidence.
- Describing the Loss
- Adjectives can be used to describe the severity of the defeat, such as '큰 패배' (big defeat), '완전한 패배' (complete defeat), or '예상치 못한 패배' (unexpected defeat).
They faced a complete 패배 in the first round.
- In Context of Competition
- When talking about specific games or matches, '패배' is used to state the result. For example, '축구 경기에서 우리의 패배는 아쉬웠다' (Chukgu gyeong-gi-e-seo uri-ui pae-bae-neun a-swi-wot-da) means 'Our defeat in the soccer game was regrettable.'
The chess player accepted his 패배 gracefully.
- Figurative Usage Examples
- Figuratively, '패배' can be used to describe internal struggles. '그는 자신의 나태함에 대한 패배를 인정했다' (Geu-neun ja-sin-ui na-tae-ham-e dae-han pae-bae-reul in-jeong-haet-da) means 'He admitted defeat to his own laziness.'
The politician's campaign ended in a humiliating 패배.
- Connecting to Cause
- You can connect the cause of the defeat using particles like '-때문에' (because of) or by describing the circumstances. '준비 부족 때문에 패배를 당했다' (Jun-bi bu-jok ttae-mun-e pae-bae-reul dang-haet-da) means 'They suffered defeat due to lack of preparation.'
The team's strategy led to their eventual 패배.
- In Debates and Arguments
- '패배' can also describe losing an argument or debate. '그는 논쟁에서 패배를 인정해야 했다' (Geu-neun non-jaeng-e-seo pae-bae-reul in-jeong-hae-ya haet-da) means 'He had to admit defeat in the argument.'
The candidate faced a significant 패배 in the election.
- Focusing on the Outcome
- Sentences can focus on the result itself. '그 경기의 패배는 선수들에게 큰 충격이었다' (Geu gyeong-gi-ui pae-bae-neun seon-su-deul-e-ge keun chung-gyeok-i-eot-da) means 'The defeat in that game was a huge shock to the players.'
The company's failure to innovate led to its market 패배.
- Sports Commentary and News
- This is perhaps the most common place to hear '패배'. Sports announcers frequently use it to describe a team or athlete losing a match, game, or championship. News reports will detail the '패배' of one side and the victory of another.
The commentator announced the home team's disappointing 패배.
- Political Discussions
- In politics, '패배' is used when discussing election results. A candidate or party that does not win is said to have experienced a '패배'. This term is essential for understanding election outcomes and political analysis.
The incumbent mayor faced a significant 패배 in the recent election.
- Debates and Competitions
- In academic or public debates, or any formal competition of ideas or skills, the losing side will have experienced a '패배'. This applies to everything from quiz shows to intellectual contests.
The participant accepted their 패배 with dignity.
- Military and Historical Accounts
- In historical texts, documentaries, or discussions about warfare, '패배' is a crucial term to describe the outcome of battles and wars. It signifies the loss of territory, power, or lives.
The historical account detailed the army's devastating 패배.
- Everyday Conversations
- Even in casual conversations among friends discussing a board game, a video game, or even a friendly competition, '패배' might be used to describe who lost.
I had a bad 패배 in our game last night.
- Business and Economics
- In business contexts, '패배' can refer to a company losing market share, a failed product launch, or a business venture that didn't succeed against competitors.
The startup faced a significant 패배 against the established corporation.
- Personal Struggles and Self-Improvement
- People might use '패배' metaphorically to describe succumbing to personal challenges, bad habits, or temptations. For example, someone trying to quit smoking might talk about a '패배' when they give in.
He felt a sense of 패배 after breaking his diet.
- Confusing with Victory Words
- The most frequent mistake is confusing '패배' (defeat) with words related to victory, such as '승리' (seung-ri - victory). Ensure you are using '패배' specifically for the act or state of losing.
Incorrect: The team celebrated their 패배.
Correct: The team celebrated their 승리.
- Using it as a Verb
- '패배' is a noun. Some learners might incorrectly try to use it as a verb, similar to how 'lose' functions in English. In Korean, you need a verb like '지다' (ji-da - to lose) or use '패배' with verbs like '겪다' or '당하다' as described earlier.
Incorrect: We 패배 the game.
Correct: We }지다 the game.
Correct: We experienced a 패배 in the game.
- Overusing '패배' for Minor Losses
- While '패배' can be used for minor games, it can sound overly dramatic if used for very trivial situations where a simple '졌다' (I lost) would suffice. Context is key.
Too dramatic: I experienced a 패배 in rock-paper-scissors.
More natural: 가위바위보에서 }졌어.
- Misinterpreting Figurative Use
- When used figuratively (e.g., succumbing to temptation), learners might interpret it as a literal defeat in a competition. Understand that it can refer to internal struggles or failures to achieve personal goals.
Misinterpretation: He had a '패배' against the pizza.
Correct interpretation: He gave in to the temptation of pizza and failed his diet.
- Grammatical Errors with Verbs
- Incorrectly conjugating verbs used with '패배' is another common error. For example, using the wrong tense or formality level with '겪다' or '당하다'.
Incorrect verb conjugation: We will 패배를 당할 tomorrow.
Correct verb conjugation: We might }당할 tomorrow.
- Pronunciation Errors
- While not strictly a usage error, mispronouncing '패배' can lead to misunderstandings. Ensure you pronounce both syllables clearly.
Common mispronunciation: '페이배' or '파이배'.
Correct pronunciation: '패-배' (pae-bae).
- Confusing with Similar Words
- Sometimes learners might confuse '패배' with words that describe a state of failure or defeat in a broader sense, but '패배' is specifically tied to competitive contexts.
Confusing '패배' with '실패' (shil-pae - failure in general).
'패배' is for losing a contest; '실패' is for failing a task or goal.
- 승리 (Seung-ri) - Victory
- 패배 is the direct antonym of '승리'. While '패배' means defeat or loss, '승리' means victory or triumph. They are opposites and often used in contrast.
- Example: The team celebrated their 승리 after a long struggle, but their opponents faced a bitter 패배.
- 지다 (Ji-da) - To Lose
- '지다' is the verb 'to lose'. '패배' is the noun form, meaning the state of being defeated. You would say '경기에서 }졌어' (I lost the game) rather than '경기에서 패배했어' (I defeated the game - incorrect). However, you can say '경기에서 패배를 겪었어' (I experienced defeat in the game).
- Example: We }졌어요 in the championship match, which was a significant 패배 for our team.
- 실패 (Shil-pae) - Failure
- '실패' means failure in a broader sense. It can refer to failing an exam, a project, or a plan. '패배' is specifically about losing in a competition or conflict against an opponent.
- Example: The experiment was a 실패, but the team did not experience a 패배 in the subsequent competition.
- 굴복 (Gul-bok) - Submission / Yielding
- '굴복' implies giving in, surrendering, or yielding to pressure or an opponent. While it can be a result of defeat, it emphasizes the act of submitting rather than just the outcome of losing.
- Example: After a prolonged battle, the enemy forces eventually }굴복했어요, leading to our army's 패배 of their resistance.
- 좌절 (Jwa-jeol) - Frustration / Despair
- '좌절' describes the emotional state of being frustrated, disappointed, or disheartened. A '패배' can lead to '좌절', but '좌절' itself is an emotion, not the outcome of a competition.
- Example: The team's unexpected 패배 resulted in deep }좌절 among the players.
- 완패 (Wan-pae) - Complete Defeat
- '완패' is a compound word where '완' means 'complete' or 'total'. It's a more intense form of '패배', signifying a total or crushing defeat.
- Example: The rival team inflicted a 완패 on our team, leaving no room for doubt about who was superior.
- 참패 (Cham-pae) - Crushing Defeat
- Similar to '완패', '참패' also denotes a severe or humiliating defeat. The nuance can be slightly stronger in conveying the sense of shame or significant loss.
- Example: The election results were a 참패 for the opposition party.
- 낙담 (Nak-dam) - Discouragement
- '낙담' refers to the feeling of being discouraged or disheartened. A '패배' can cause '낙담', but '낙담' is an emotional response, not the event of losing itself.
- Example: The repeated 패배 led to widespread }낙담 within the community.
- 패배감 (Pae-bae-gam) - Feeling of Defeat
- This is a compound word formed by '패배' and '감' (gam - feeling). It specifically refers to the emotional sensation or psychological impact of having experienced a defeat.
- Example: Even though they lost the match, the players tried to overcome their 패배감 and focus on the next game.
How Formal Is It?
豆知識
The character '패' (敗) also appears in words related to ruin and destruction, highlighting the negative connotation of defeat. For example, '파산' (pa-san) means bankruptcy, literally 'ruin of the market'.
発音ガイド
- Pronouncing the first syllable too strongly, like 'PAE-bae'.
- Mispronouncing the 'ae' sound, making it sound like 'ai' or 'ee'.
- Adding aspiration to the 'p' or 'b' sounds, making them sound like 'pʰae-bae' or 'pae-bʰae'.
難易度
At the A2 CEFR level, '패배' is considered relatively easy to understand when encountered in reading materials related to common topics like sports or simple news. Learners can grasp its meaning from context.
Learners at the A2 level can begin to use '패배' in their writing, particularly in simple sentences describing outcomes of games or competitions. Accuracy may vary.
Speaking proficiency with '패배' at A2 depends on exposure. Learners can likely use it in basic sentences when discussing familiar competitive situations.
In spoken Korean at the A2 level, '패배' is often used in contexts like sports commentary or casual game discussions, making it comprehensible with sufficient exposure.
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前提知識
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知っておくべき文法
Using the verb '지다' (to lose) vs. the noun '패배' (defeat).
'저는 게임에서 졌어요.' (I lost the game.) vs. '저는 게임에서 패배를 겪었어요.' (I experienced defeat in the game.)
Using verbs like '겪다' (to experience) and '당하다' (to suffer) with '패배'.
'그 팀은 큰 패배를 겪었다.' (That team experienced a big defeat.) '우리는 예상치 못한 패배를 당했다.' (We suffered an unexpected defeat.)
Modifying '패배' with adjectives.
'이것은 완전한 패배였다.' (This was a complete defeat.) '쓰디쓴 패배를 맛보았다.' (Tasted the bitter defeat.)
Using '패배' as the subject of a sentence.
'패배는 선수들에게 큰 충격이었다.' (The defeat was a big shock to the players.)
Connecting the cause of defeat using particles like '-때문에' or conjunctions.
'준비 부족때문에 패배를 당했다.' (Suffered defeat because of lack of preparation.) '우리는 열심히 싸웠지만, 결국 패배했다.' (We fought hard, but ultimately lost.)
レベル別の例文
나는 졌어.
I lost.
Simple past tense of 'to lose'.
게임에서 이기지 못했어.
I couldn't win the game.
Using '못하다' (cannot) with '이기다' (to win).
이거 내 패배야.
This is my loss.
Possessive pronoun + noun.
우리 팀이 졌어요.
Our team lost.
Plural subject + past tense of 'to lose'.
그는 게임을 못 했어.
He couldn't play the game well.
Using '못하다' (cannot do well).
이번엔 내가 졌어.
This time, I lost.
Time marker + subject + past tense of 'to lose'.
경기가 끝났어. 우리는 졌어.
The game ended. We lost.
Two simple sentences describing an event and its outcome.
나는 이기지 못했다.
I was unable to win.
Using '못했다' (was unable to) with '이기다' (to win).
결국 우리 팀은 큰 패배를 겪었다.
In the end, our team experienced a big defeat.
Using '패배' with '겪다' (to experience).
그는 선거에서 패배를 인정했다.
He admitted defeat in the election.
Using '패배' with '인정하다' (to admit).
이번 경기에서의 패배는 우리에게 큰 충격이었다.
The defeat in this game was a big shock to us.
'패배' as the subject of the sentence.
상대방은 우리의 패배를 예상하지 못했다.
The opponent did not expect our defeat.
Using '패배' as the object of '예상하다' (to expect).
준비 부족으로 인해 우리는 패배를 당했다.
Due to lack of preparation, we suffered defeat.
Using '패배' with '당하다' (to suffer) and '때문에' (because of).
이것은 단순한 패배가 아니라 완전한 패배였다.
This was not just a simple defeat, but a complete defeat.
Using adjectives to modify '패배'.
그녀는 자신의 나태함에 대한 패배를 느꼈다.
She felt a defeat against her own laziness.
Figurative use of '패배'.
이 패배를 교훈 삼아 다시 도전할 것이다.
We will take this defeat as a lesson and challenge again.
Using '패배' in a sentence about learning from mistakes.
그 팀의 전략은 예상치 못한 패배로 이어졌다.
That team's strategy led to an unexpected defeat.
Using '패배' as the result of an action.
정치적 패배 후 그는 조용히 물러났다.
After his political defeat, he quietly stepped down.
Describing the consequence of a political '패배'.
이러한 연속적인 패배는 팀의 사기를 크게 저하시켰다.
These successive defeats greatly lowered the team's morale.
Using plural '패배' and its effect on morale.
비록 패배했지만, 선수들은 최선을 다했다.
Although they were defeated, the players did their best.
Using '패배' in a subordinate clause with '비록 ~지만' (although).
그는 이번 경쟁에서 완패를 당하며 자존심에 큰 상처를 입었다.
He suffered a complete defeat in this competition, deeply hurting his pride.
Using '완패' (complete defeat) and its impact on pride.
역사적으로 볼 때, 그 전쟁에서의 패배는 국가에 큰 영향을 미쳤다.
Historically speaking, the defeat in that war had a great impact on the nation.
'패배' in a historical context with significant consequences.
그는 자신의 욕망에 대한 패배를 인정하고 변화를 다짐했다.
He admitted defeat to his desires and vowed to change.
Figurative use of '패배' related to personal struggles.
이러한 참패는 다시는 겪고 싶지 않은 경험이었다.
This crushing defeat was an experience they never wanted to go through again.
Using '참패' (crushing defeat) to emphasize the severity.
경제 위기로 인한 시장에서의 패배는 많은 기업에게 치명적이었다.
The defeat in the market due to the economic crisis was fatal for many companies.
'패배' in a business and economic context.
그의 연설은 청중에게 깊은 감동을 주었으나, 논쟁에서는 패배를 면치 못했다.
His speech deeply moved the audience, but he could not avoid defeat in the debate.
Contrasting impact with the outcome of a debate.
전략적 패배의 원인을 분석하는 것은 미래의 성공을 위해 필수적이다.
Analyzing the causes of strategic defeat is essential for future success.
'패배' in a strategic context, focusing on analysis.
대중의 의견은 그 정치인의 패배를 명확히 보여주었다.
Public opinion clearly showed the politician's defeat.
'패배' as interpreted through public opinion.
그는 굴복 대신 패배를 택했으며, 이는 그의 용기를 보여주는 증거였다.
He chose defeat over surrender, which was a testament to his courage.
Comparing '패배' with '굴복' (surrender).
이러한 패배는 단순히 결과론적인 것이 아니라, 시스템의 근본적인 결함을 드러냈다.
This defeat was not merely about the outcome, but revealed fundamental flaws in the system.
Interpreting '패배' as indicative of systemic issues.
그는 패배감에 휩싸여 한동안 모든 활동을 중단했다.
Overwhelmed by the feeling of defeat, he stopped all activities for a while.
Using '패배감' (feeling of defeat).
이번 패배를 통해 우리는 많은 것을 배웠고, 앞으로 더 강해질 것이다.
Through this defeat, we learned a lot and will become stronger in the future.
Focusing on the positive lessons learned from '패배'.
그의 문학 작품은 인간 존재의 근본적인 취약성과 패배의 불가피성을 탐구한다.
His literary works explore the fundamental vulnerability of human existence and the inevitability of defeat.
Philosophical exploration of '패배' in literature.
정치적 이데올로기의 충돌에서 나타나는 패배는 종종 문화적 정체성의 위기로 이어진다.
Defeat arising from the clash of political ideologies often leads to a crisis of cultural identity.
Connecting '패배' to cultural and ideological conflicts.
역사적 서술에서 승리와 패배의 경계는 종종 모호하며, 승자만이 역사를 기록한다는 점을 간과해서는 안 된다.
In historical narratives, the line between victory and defeat is often blurred, and one should not overlook the fact that only the victors write history.
Critically examining narratives of '승리' and '패배'.
기술 발전의 속도 앞에서 기존 산업의 패배는 불가피한 현상으로 여겨진다.
The defeat of existing industries in the face of rapid technological advancement is considered an inevitable phenomenon.
'패배' as a consequence of technological disruption.
그는 패배를 인정하는 대신, 자신의 신념을 지키기 위해 끊임없이 저항했다.
Instead of admitting defeat, he constantly resisted to uphold his beliefs.
Choosing resistance over acceptance of '패배'.
개인의 삶에서 경험하는 수많은 패배는 때로는 더 큰 성장을 위한 밑거름이 된다.
The numerous defeats experienced in an individual's life sometimes become the foundation for greater growth.
Seeing '패배' as a catalyst for personal development.
이 작품은 주인공이 겪는 내면의 패배와 그 극복 과정을 섬세하게 묘사하고 있다.
This work delicately portrays the protagonist's internal defeat and the process of overcoming it.
Focusing on internal, psychological '패배'.
사회적 구조 속에서 발생하는 패배는 개인의 책임만을 물을 수 없는 복합적인 문제이다.
Defeat occurring within social structures is a complex issue that cannot be solely attributed to individual responsibility.
Analyzing '패배' within societal structures.
그의 철학은 인간의 이성이 궁극적으로는 존재론적 패배에 직면할 수밖에 없다는 비관적인 전망을 제시한다.
His philosophy presents a pessimistic outlook that human reason is ultimately bound to confront an ontological defeat.
Existential and philosophical interpretation of '패배'.
패배의 역사는 종종 승자의 기록 속에 은폐되거나 왜곡되며, 진실은 그 이면에 잠재해 있다.
The history of defeat is often concealed or distorted within the records of the victors, and the truth lies latent behind them.
Deconstructing historical narratives of '패배'.
문화적 헤게모니의 싸움에서 패배는 단순한 정치적 결과가 아니라, 특정 집단의 세계관이 소멸되는 것을 의미한다.
In the struggle for cultural hegemony, defeat signifies not merely a political outcome, but the annihilation of a particular group's worldview.
Deep analysis of '패배' in cultural and ideological conflicts.
그는 스스로를 파멸로 이끄는 내면의 충동에 대한 패배를 인정함으로써, 비로소 진정한 자유를 얻었다.
By acknowledging his defeat to the internal impulses that led him to self-destruction, he finally attained true freedom.
Paradoxical concept of freedom through accepting internal '패배'.
패배의 경험은 종종 인간 정신의 가장 깊은 곳을 건드리며, 이를 통해 우리는 존재의 연약함과 동시에 강인함을 발견한다.
The experience of defeat often touches the deepest parts of the human spirit, through which we discover both the fragility and the resilience of existence.
Exploring the dual nature of human spirit revealed by '패배'.
패배를 극복하는 과정은 단순한 재기 이상의 의미를 지니며, 이는 종종 자기 성찰과 존재론적 재정립을 수반한다.
The process of overcoming defeat carries a meaning beyond mere recovery; it often entails self-reflection and an ontological redefinition.
The transformative aspect of overcoming '패배'.
현대 사회에서 패배는 종종 개인의 실패로 치부되지만, 이는 구조적 불평등과 시스템적 결함의 반영일 수 있다.
In modern society, defeat is often dismissed as individual failure, but it can be a reflection of structural inequalities and systemic flaws.
Critiquing the societal perception of '패배'.
패배의 그림자는 때때로 승리의 빛보다 더 오래 지속되며, 인간 심리에 지울 수 없는 흔적을 남긴다.
The shadow of defeat sometimes lingers longer than the light of victory, leaving indelible marks on the human psyche.
The enduring psychological impact of '패배'.
よく使う組み合わせ
よく使うフレーズ
— They experienced a big defeat.
After a season of success, the team suffered a 큰 패배를 겪었다 in the final match.
— They had no choice but to admit defeat.
The opponent was too strong; we 패배를 인정할 수밖에 없었다.
— It was a complete defeat.
The score indicated that it was a 완전한 패배였다 for our team.
— They were shocked by the unexpected defeat.
The fans 예상치 못한 패배에 충격을 받았다 and couldn't believe the result.
— They tasted the bitterness of defeat.
After losing the championship, the players truly understood what it means to feel the 패배의 쓴맛을 보았다.
— This defeat became a big lesson for us.
Although painful, 이 패배는 우리에게 큰 교훈이 되었다 and helped us improve.
— They suffered a decisive defeat.
The battle ended with a 결정적인 패배를 당했다 for the invading army.
— They did not lose hope even after the defeat.
Despite the 패배, the team captain insisted they would fight on, and 패배 후에도 희망을 잃지 않았다.
— They rose again using the defeat as a stepping stone.
Many great athletes have had significant losses, but they used the 패배를 발판 삼아 다시 일어섰다.
— This is not just a simple defeat.
The coach argued that 이 정치적 패배는 단순한 패배가 아니다, but a sign of deeper issues.
よく混同される語
'패배' specifically refers to losing in a competition or conflict against an opponent. '실패' is a broader term for failure in general, such as failing an exam or a project, which may not involve an opponent.
'지다' is the verb 'to lose', while '패배' is the noun 'defeat'. You 'lose' (지다) a game, and the result is a 'defeat' (패배).
'승리' is the direct antonym of '패배', meaning victory or triumph. It's important to distinguish between losing and winning.
慣用句と表現
— Literally 'to kneel down'. This idiom signifies succumbing, surrendering, or admitting defeat, often under pressure or against a stronger force.
The once-proud empire eventually had to 무릎을 꿇다 before the relentless invaders, marking a significant 패배.
— To beat the ground and wail. This idiom describes extreme grief and regret, often experienced after a devastating loss or defeat.
After the crushing 패배 in the final match, the players were seen 땅을 치고 통곡하다.
— To go back and forth, to be neck and neck. This describes a very close competition where the lead changes hands repeatedly. While not directly meaning 'defeat', it implies the possibility of defeat for either side until the very end.
The chess match was so close, it was 엎치락뒤치락하다 until the final move, where one player finally experienced 패배.
— To pour cold water on something. This idiom means to dampen someone's enthusiasm or hopes, often by delivering bad news or pointing out a flaw, which can feel like a form of defeat for their aspirations.
Just when the team was celebrating their potential victory, the referee's decision poured 찬물을 끼얹다 on their hopes, leading to a feeling of 패배.
— A painful defeat. This phrase combines '뼈아프다' (painful, aching) with '패배' to describe a defeat that causes deep emotional or psychological hurt.
The team suffered a 뼈아픈 패배 against their biggest rivals, which would haunt them for a long time.
— A bitter defeat. Similar to '뼈아픈 패배', this emphasizes the unpleasant and regrettable nature of the loss.
The politician had to confront the 쓰디쓴 패배 in his home district.
— To drink the bitter cup of defeat. This idiom signifies enduring and accepting a very unpleasant loss.
After a long and arduous campaign, the general had to drink the 패배의 쓴잔을 마시다.
— To bow one's head. This can signify humility, respect, or in the context of competition, admitting defeat or yielding.
The defeated champion bowed his head, accepting his 패배 with grace.
— To drink a bitter cup (often referring to a difficult or regrettable experience). While not exclusively about defeat, it strongly implies enduring hardship or a negative outcome.
The startup had to 고배를 마시다 after failing to secure funding, which was a significant 패배 for their plans.
— To be shattered into pieces. This idiom describes something being completely destroyed or ruined, which can be the result of a devastating defeat.
The team's dreams of winning were 산산조각 나다 after their final match, a true 패배.
間違えやすい
Both relate to not winning. '지다' is the action of losing, while '패배' is the state or outcome of being defeated.
You '지다' (lose) a game. The result of that loss is a '패배' (defeat). For example, '나는 그 게임에서 <mark>졌어</mark>' (I lost that game). This was a significant <mark>패배</mark> for me.
The team <mark>lost</mark> (팀이 <mark>졌어요</mark>) the championship, which was a major <mark>defeat</mark> (큰 <mark>패배</mark>였어요).
Both indicate a lack of success. '패배' is specific to contests with opponents, while '실패' is general failure.
You experience '패배' when you lose a match or battle. You experience '실패' when a plan doesn't work out or a goal isn't met, regardless of an opponent. For example, '시험에 <mark>실패했다</mark>' (failed the exam) is different from '경기에서 <mark>패배했다</mark>' (was defeated in the game).
The business venture was a <mark>failure</mark> (<mark>실패</mark>), but the athlete's <mark>defeat</mark> (<mark>패배</mark>) in the race was due to a stronger competitor.
These are types of '패배'. Learners might use '패배' when a more specific term like '완패' or '참패' would better describe the situation.
'패배' is the general term for defeat. '완패' means complete or total defeat, and '참패' means a crushing or humiliating defeat. They are more intense versions of '패배'.
The team suffered a <mark>defeat</mark> (<mark>패배</mark>) in the first round. It was a <mark>complete defeat</mark> (<mark>완패</mark>) because they lost by a huge margin.
Both imply yielding to an opponent. '굴복' emphasizes the act of surrender or submission, often under duress, while '패배' is the outcome of losing.
One might '굴복하다' (surrender) because they have experienced '패배' (defeat) or to avoid further '패배'. For example, 'The army <mark>surrendered</mark>' (<mark>군대는</mark> <mark>굴복했다</mark>) after facing a devastating <mark>defeat</mark> (<mark>결정적인</mark> <mark>패배</mark>).
Both mean 'to lose'. '지다' is the verb, and '패배' is the noun.
You use '지다' as the verb: '나는 졌어' (I lost). You use '패배' as the noun: '그것은 나의 패배였다' (It was my defeat).
The player <mark>lost</mark> the match (<mark>선수는</mark> <mark>}시합에서</mark> <mark>}졌어요</mark>), and it was a significant <mark>defeat</mark> (<mark>큰</mark> <mark>패배</mark>) for his career.
文型パターン
Subject + [Adjective] + 패배 + 를/를 + 겪다/당하다.
우리 팀은 <mark>큰 패배</mark>를 <mark>겪었다</mark>.
Noun + 에서 + 패배 + 를 + 인정하다.
그는 <mark>선거</mark>에서 <mark>패배</mark>를 <mark>인정했다</mark>.
이/그 + 패배 + 는/은 + [Adjective/Noun] + 이다/이었다.
<mark>이 패배</mark>는 <mark>우리에게 큰 충격</mark>이었다.
Subject + [Reason] + 때문에/으로 + 패배 + 를 + 당하다.
준비 부족<mark>때문에</mark> <mark>패배</mark>를 <mark>당했다</mark>.
비록 + Subject + [Verb Phrase], + [Result] + 패배 + 를 + 겪다/당하다.
<mark>비록 최선을 다했지만</mark>, 우리는 <mark>패배</mark>를 <mark>겪었다</mark>.
Subject + [Negative Outcome] + 패배 + 는/은 + [Noun Phrase].
그의 <mark>예상치 못한 패배</mark>는 <mark>정치적 파장</mark>을 일으켰다.
Subject + [Action] + 는/은 + [Cause] + 패배 + 로 + 이어지다.
그의 <mark>잘못된 판단</mark>은 <mark>치명적인 패배</mark>로 <mark>이어졌다</mark>.
패배 + 의 + [Noun Phrase] + 를 + 분석하다.
우리는 <mark>패배</mark>의 <mark>원인</mark>을 <mark>분석해야</mark> 한다.
語族
名詞
動詞
関連
使い方
High
-
Using '패배' as a verb.
→
Using the verb '지다' or pairing '패배' with verbs like '겪다' or '당하다'.
'패배' is a noun. You cannot say '나는 패배했다' to mean 'I lost'. Instead, say '나는 졌다' (verb) or '나는 패배를 겪었다' (noun + verb).
-
Confusing '패배' with '실패'.
→
Using '패배' for losing a competition and '실패' for general failure.
'패배' is about losing to an opponent in a contest. '실패' is about failing a task or goal without necessarily having an opponent.
-
Using '패배' for minor, insignificant losses.
→
Using '지다' or context-appropriate phrases for trivial losses.
While technically correct, using '패배' for something like losing at rock-paper-scissors can sound overly dramatic. '나는 졌어' is more natural in such casual situations.
-
Incorrectly conjugating verbs used with '패배'.
→
Using correct verb tenses and politeness levels with '겪다', '당하다', etc.
Forgetting to conjugate verbs like '겪다' or using the wrong tense can change the meaning. For example, '나는 패배를 겪는다' (I experience defeat - present) vs. '나는 패배를 겪었다' (I experienced defeat - past).
-
Confusing '패배' with its antonym '승리'.
→
Using '패배' for losing and '승리' for winning.
This is a fundamental vocabulary error. Ensure you understand that '패배' means defeat and '승리' means victory.
ヒント
Defeat vs. Failure
'패배' is specifically for losing a competition or conflict against an opponent. '실패' is a broader term for any kind of failure, like not succeeding at a task or goal. Remember this distinction to use them correctly.
Noun vs. Verb
'패배' is a noun. You cannot use it as a verb. Use the verb '지다' (to lose) for the action, and pair '패배' with verbs like '겪다' (to experience) or '당하다' (to suffer) to describe the outcome.
Where to Hear '패배'
Listen for '패배' in sports news, election results, discussions about historical battles, and even casual conversations about games. This will help you understand its natural usage.
Stress and Sounds
Practice pronouncing '패배' with the stress on the second syllable: pae-BAE. Pay attention to the 'ae' sound, which is like the 'ay' in 'say'. Avoid aspirating the 'p' and 'b' sounds.
Visual Association
Imagine a knight kneeling in defeat, with the letters 'PAE-BAE' emblazoned on their broken shield. This visual can help you remember the meaning of '패배'.
Intensifying Defeat
Learn '완패' (complete defeat) and '참패' (crushing defeat) to express more severe losses. These are often used in sports and political contexts to emphasize the magnitude of the defeat.
The Feeling of Losing
The word '패배감' (pae-bae-gam) specifically refers to the 'feeling of defeat'. Understanding this helps grasp the emotional impact associated with losing.
Beyond Literal Battles
'패배' can be used metaphorically for internal struggles, like succumbing to temptation or bad habits. This broadens its application beyond just competitive scenarios.
Victory vs. Defeat
Always remember that '승리' (seung-ri) is the direct opposite of '패배'. Understanding both terms will give you a clearer picture of competitive outcomes.
Sentence Creation
Try writing your own sentences using '패배'. Describe a fictional game loss, a historical defeat, or a personal challenge you overcame. This active practice solidifies your understanding.
暗記しよう
記憶術
Imagine a 'pay' (패) for losing, and you have to 'bay' (배) at the moon in shame because you lost. So, 'Pay-bay' sounds like '패배', representing the shame of defeat.
視覚的連想
Picture a defeated warrior kneeling, with the letters 'PAE-BAE' written on their tattered flag, symbolizing their loss.
Word Web
チャレンジ
Try to describe a time you experienced a defeat (in a game, competition, or even a personal challenge) using the word '패배' at least three times in your explanation.
語源
The word '패배' is derived from Chinese characters (Hanja). It is composed of two characters: '패' (敗) meaning 'to defeat', 'to be defeated', or 'to fail', and '배' (褙) which, in this context, refers to the state or outcome of being defeated.
元の意味： The character '패' (敗) itself signifies defeat, loss, or ruin. The combination creates a noun specifically for the state of being defeated in a contest.
Sino-Korean vocabulary, originating from Chinese characters (Hanja).文化的な背景
When discussing '패배', especially in historical or political contexts, be mindful of the potential for strong emotions. Acknowledge the significance of the loss and its impact on individuals or groups involved.
In English-speaking cultures, 'defeat' is similarly used in sports, battles, and competitions. The emotional response to defeat—disappointment, frustration, or determination to improve—is universal.
実生活で練習する
実際の使用場面
Sports
- 경기에서 패배하다
- 큰 패배를 겪다
- 결승전 패배
Elections
- 선거 패배
- 패배를 인정하다
- 정치적 패배
Games (Board games, video games)
- 게임에서 지다
- 완전한 패배
- 이번 판은 패배야
Battles/Wars
- 전쟁에서의 패배
- 결정적인 패배
- 패배를 당하다
Personal Struggles
- 자신의 나태함에 대한 패배
- 패배감에 휩싸이다
- 쓰디쓴 패배
会話のきっかけ
"Did you watch the game last night? Our team suffered quite a 패배."
"What's the biggest 패배 you've ever experienced, either in a game or in life?"
"How do you deal with the feeling of 패배 after a loss?"
"In your opinion, what makes a 패배 'crushing' versus just a regular loss?"
"Can you think of a time when a 패배 actually led to something positive later on?"
日記のテーマ
Describe a competition you participated in and the outcome. Use the word '패배' if you lost, and reflect on how you felt.
Think about a time you failed at a personal goal. Although not a direct competition, could you use '패배' metaphorically to describe that experience? Explain why or why not.
Reflect on a famous historical or sports event where a significant '패배' occurred. What were the consequences?
How does the concept of '패배' differ from '실패' (failure) in your understanding? Provide examples for each.
Imagine you are a coach. How would you motivate your team after a significant '패배'?
よくある質問
10 問'패배' (pae-bae) is a noun meaning 'defeat' or 'loss'. '지다' (ji-da) is the verb meaning 'to lose'. You use '지다' to describe the action of losing, like '나는 게임에서 졌어' (I lost the game). '패배' describes the outcome or state of being defeated, like '그것은 나의 패배였다' (It was my defeat).
No, '패배' can be used in various contexts. While it's common for serious events like wars and major sports competitions, it can also be used for smaller games, debates, or even figuratively for personal struggles where one fails to achieve a goal against a challenge.
The direct opposite of '패배' (defeat) is '승리' (seung-ri), which means 'victory' or 'triumph'.
No, '패배' is strictly a noun. You cannot use it as a verb. To express the action of losing, you use the verb '지다' (ji-da). To express experiencing defeat, you use '패배' with verbs like '겪다' (to experience) or '당하다' (to suffer).
'완패' (wan-pae) is a compound word made of '완' (complete) and '패배' (defeat). It means 'complete defeat' or 'total loss', indicating a very one-sided outcome where the losing side had little to no chance.
You can say '저는 패배를 겪었어요' (jeo-neun pae-bae-reul gyeok-keo-sseo-yo) using the verb '겪다' (to experience), or '저는 패배를 당했어요' (jeo-neun pae-bae-reul dang-haet-eo-yo) using the verb '당하다' (to suffer/undergo). Both convey the meaning of experiencing defeat.
Yes, the word is '패배감' (pae-bae-gam). It's formed by combining '패배' (defeat) with '감' (gam), which means 'feeling' or 'sense'. It describes the emotional state of having lost.
'패배' is used for losing in a competition or contest against an opponent. '실패' (shil-pae) is a more general term for failure, such as failing an exam, a project, or a plan that doesn't necessarily involve a direct opponent.
It is pronounced 'pae-bae'. The stress is on the second syllable: pae-BAE. The 'ae' sound is similar to the 'ay' in 'say'.
Yes, '패배' can be used figuratively to describe succumbing to one's own weaknesses, temptations, or internal struggles. For example, one might say they experienced a '패배' against their desire for unhealthy food.
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Summary
패배 (pae-bae) is the Korean noun for 'defeat' or 'loss', used when someone or something fails to win in a competition, game, battle, or any contest against an opponent.
- Defeat in a battle, game, or competition.
- The state of being unsuccessful against an opponent.
- The opposite of victory; a loss.
- Used for sports, elections, and conflicts.
Defeat vs. Failure
'패배' is specifically for losing a competition or conflict against an opponent. '실패' is a broader term for any kind of failure, like not succeeding at a task or goal. Remember this distinction to use them correctly.
Noun vs. Verb
'패배' is a noun. You cannot use it as a verb. Use the verb '지다' (to lose) for the action, and pair '패배' with verbs like '겪다' (to experience) or '당하다' (to suffer) to describe the outcome.
Where to Hear '패배'
Listen for '패배' in sports news, election results, discussions about historical battles, and even casual conversations about games. This will help you understand its natural usage.
Stress and Sounds
Practice pronouncing '패배' with the stress on the second syllable: pae-BAE. Pay attention to the 'ae' sound, which is like the 'ay' in 'say'. Avoid aspirating the 'p' and 'b' sounds.
関連コンテンツ
sportsの関連語
운동선수
A1Athlete, sportsperson
선수
A1選手（せんしゅ）; スポーツ競技に参加するために選ばれた人。
야구
A1野球は韓国で非常に人気のあるスポーツです。韓国語では「야구」と言います。
농구
A1ボールをバスケットに入れるチームスポーツです。バスケットボールは韓国でも人気があります。
보드
A21. スポーツ（スノーボードなど）や、書くため（ホワイトボード）に使われる板。 2. 冬休みにスキー場でボードを滑るのが楽しみです。
운동
A1運動（うんどう）、スポーツ。または社会的な運動やキャンペーン。例：毎日運動をします。（매일 운동을 합니다.）
낚시하다
A2釣りをする。 (Ex: 週末に海で釣りをします。 / その記事は釣り（クリックベイト）だった。)
낚시
A2釣りの活動は韓国で人気のあるレジャー活動であり、人々は川、湖、または海で魚を捕まえるために釣り竿を使います。
경기
A1人々やチームが勝つために互いに対戦する正式なスポーツイベントや試合。サッカーや野球などの公式スポーツや、eスポーツにも使用されます。
골프
A1ゴルフは、クラブでボールを打ち、コース上の穴に入れるスポーツです。
