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B1 verb 9分で読める

차지하다

例文 차지하다 30秒で
解説 차지하다 in your Level:
At the A1 level, you can think of 차지하다 in its simplest form: taking a seat or a spot. Imagine you are in a classroom and you want to sit in a chair. By sitting there, you are 'taking' that spot. While beginners usually learn '앉다' (to sit), 차지하다 is the word used to describe who 'owns' or 'occupies' that seat at that moment. For example, '내 자리를 차지했어요' means 'Someone took my seat'. It is a useful word for basic social interactions where you need to talk about physical space. At this level, don't worry about percentages or big business words; just focus on the idea of 'this spot is mine because I am in it'. You might see this word in very simple storybooks or hear it when children are playing and fighting over a toy or a place to sit. It is a building block for understanding how Korean describes the relationship between people and the space around them.
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As an A2 learner, you can start using 차지하다 to describe how things take up space in your home or how you spend your time. For instance, if you have a lot of books and they take up all the room on your desk, you can say '책이 책상을 다 차지해요'. This level introduces the idea of 'filling' a space with objects. You can also use it for simple rankings, like saying your favorite singer 'took first place' on a music show (1위를 차지했어요). This is a very common sentence in K-pop news! At this stage, you are moving beyond just 'me and my seat' to 'objects and their space'. You will also start to see the word used with the particle -을/를 consistently. It is important to practice the past tense '차지했다' because most of the time we talk about things that have already happened, like who won a race or where you put your new sofa.
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At the B1 level, you reach the core meaning of 차지하다 as it is used in daily adult life. This includes talking about proportions and percentages. If you are discussing your diet, you might say '채소가 식단의 절반을 차지해요' (Vegetables account for half of my diet). This level requires you to use the word in more abstract ways, such as how much 'importance' something has in your life. You will encounter this word frequently in news articles, particularly those about the economy or social trends. For example, '1인 가구가 전체의 30%를 차지한다' (Single-person households account for 30% of the total). You should be comfortable using it to describe pie charts or simple data. This is also the stage where you distinguish 차지하다 from simpler verbs like '있다' or '가지다', recognizing that 차지하다 specifically describes the 'share' or 'portion' of something within a larger context.
By the B2 level, you should be able to use 차지하다 in professional and academic contexts with ease. You will use it to describe market shares, demographic shifts, and complex rankings. You will also start to see its metaphorical uses in literature and advanced essays. For instance, you might describe how a certain historical event 'occupies a significant place' in Korean history (역사에서 중요한 위치를 차지하다). At this level, you are expected to understand the difference between 차지하다 and its more formal synonym 점유하다. You will also use it in the passive-like structure '차지하게 되다' to describe how something came to occupy a certain position. Your sentences will become more complex, combining 차지하다 with various connectors like '-음에도 불구하고' (despite accounting for...) or '-기 때문에' (because it takes up...). This word becomes a key tool for logical argumentation and data analysis in your writing.
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At the C1 level, your use of 차지하다 becomes highly nuanced and stylistically varied. You can use it to describe subtle psychological states, such as how a specific memory 'occupies' one's mind or how a certain emotion 'takes up' one's entire being. You will also understand the socio-political implications of the word, such as 'territorial occupancy' or 'cultural hegemony'. In high-level debates, you might use it to critique how a specific group 'occupies' too much power or influence in a society. You are also proficient in using the word in its noun-modifying forms to create sophisticated noun phrases, like '가장 큰 비중을 차지하는 요인' (the factor accounting for the largest proportion). At this stage, the word is not just a verb but a conceptual tool for discussing the distribution of power, space, and importance in complex systems. You will also recognize it in classical literature or high-level editorials where the word choice is deliberate for its specific weight and history.
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For C2 learners, 차지하다 is a word that you can manipulate with poetic and philosophical precision. You understand its etymological roots and its relationship to other Sino-Korean terms. You can use it in highly abstract philosophical discussions—for example, discussing how 'nothingness' might 'occupy' a space in Eastern philosophy. You will also be able to detect subtle sarcasm or irony when the word is used in unexpected ways, such as someone 'occupying' a conversation in a way that is socially inappropriate. At this level, your mastery is evidenced by your ability to choose 차지하다 over five other similar verbs because it perfectly captures the specific 'weight' of occupancy you intend to convey. You are also fully comfortable with its usage in historical texts, legal statutes, and cutting-edge scientific papers where it describes the distribution of particles or the dominance of a biological species. The word is no longer a 'vocabulary item' but a versatile instrument in your extensive linguistic repertoire.
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例文

차지하다 30秒で

  • 차지하다 means to take up space, time, or a proportion. It is essential for describing statistics and rankings in Korean.
  • Use it with the object particle -을/를. Common objects include '자리' (seat), '1위' (first place), and '비중' (proportion).
  • It ranges from literal physical occupancy (a sofa in a room) to abstract importance (someone in your heart).
  • In formal contexts like news, it describes market shares and economic data, while in casual speech, it describes daily clutter or time.

The Korean verb 차지하다 (chajihada) is a multifaceted term that primarily describes the act of occupying, taking up, or accounting for a specific portion of a whole. Whether you are talking about physical space, a segment of time, a percentage in a statistical report, or a hard-won position in a competition, this word is the go-to expression in the Korean language. It is categorized at the CEFR B1 level because while its basic meaning is easy to grasp, its application across various registers—from casual conversation to academic journals—requires a nuanced understanding of context.

Physical Occupancy
In its most literal sense, it means to physically fill a space. For example, if a large sofa takes up the entire living room, or if a person sits in a seat that someone else was hoping to use, you would use this verb. It implies a sense of 'filling' or 'owning' that particular spot for a duration of time.
Statistical Proportion
This is perhaps the most frequent use in modern media and business. When discussing market share, demographics, or budget allocations, 차지하다 describes how much of the total a specific category represents. If export profits account for 70% of a company's revenue, this verb is essential for expressing that data accurately.
Achievement and Ranking
In sports and competitions, this word is used to describe winning a specific rank. Taking 'first place' or 'the gold medal' is expressed as '1위를 차지하다'. It carries a connotation of effort and successful acquisition of a prestigious spot.

스마트폰 시장에서 삼성전자가 가장 높은 점유율을 차지하고 있습니다.

Translation: Samsung Electronics accounts for the highest market share in the smartphone market.

Understanding the nuance of 차지하다 also involves recognizing its transitive nature. It always requires an object—the thing being taken or occupied—marked by the particles -을/를. Unlike '있어' (to exist), which is passive, 차지하다 suggests an active state of being in that space or reaching that proportion. It is a powerful word for describing the structure of things, whether you are analyzing a pie chart or describing your favorite spot in a park.

그의 목소리가 방 안의 모든 공간을 차지했다.

Translation: His voice took up all the space in the room (meaning his voice was very loud and dominant).

Furthermore, the word is often used in the context of history and geography. When a nation conquers a territory or a tribe settles in a new land, historians use 차지하다 to describe the acquisition of that land. It bridges the gap between 'owning' (소유하다) and 'filling' (채우다), creating a specific meaning of 'holding a place'. This makes it an indispensable tool for students moving from basic conversational Korean to more academic or professional levels of fluency.

Mastering the usage of 차지하다 requires paying close attention to the nouns it pairs with. Because it describes the relationship between a part and a whole, or an entity and its position, the sentence structure usually follows: [Subject] + [Object]-을/를 + 차지하다. Let's break down the three primary categories of usage with detailed linguistic analysis.

Category 1: Quantitative Proportions
When using numbers or percentages, 차지하다 acts as the verb 'to account for'. It is frequently used with words like 비중 (proportion), 비율 (ratio), or 퍼센트 (percent). This is the standard way to report data in Korean business and academic settings.

수출이 국가 경제의 80%를 차지하고 있습니다.

Translation: Exports account for 80% of the national economy.
Category 2: Physical and Temporal Space
This describes something occupying a physical area or a block of time. If a hobby 'takes up' all your weekend, or a piano 'takes up' the whole room, 차지하다 is the correct verb. It emphasizes the amount of space or time consumed by the activity or object.

이 침대는 방의 너무 많은 공간을 차지해요.

Translation: This bed takes up too much space in the room.
Category 3: Competitive Ranks and Status
This usage is common in news headlines. It refers to 'taking' or 'winning' a specific spot in a hierarchy. Common objects include 1위 (first place), 우승 (championship), or 왕좌 (throne/top spot). It implies that the subject has secured that position against others.

One subtle but important usage is in the abstract or emotional realm. You might hear someone say that a person 'occupies a large part of their heart' (내 마음의 큰 부분을 차지하다). This metaphorical use shows how versatile the word is. It transforms from a cold, statistical term into a warm, poetic expression of importance and priority. By mastering these different layers, you can transition from simply 'speaking' Korean to truly 'expressing' yourself in Korean.

If you are living in Korea or consuming Korean media, you will encounter 차지하다 in several distinct environments. Understanding these contexts will help you recognize the word instantly and use it appropriately in your own speech.

The Evening News and Business Reports
This is the primary domain of the word. News anchors use it daily to report on the economy. You will hear phrases like '수출이 경제 성장의 큰 비중을 차지했습니다' (Exports accounted for a large portion of economic growth). It is formal, precise, and authoritative in this context.
Sports Commentaries and Reality TV
When watching a survival show like 'Produce 101' or a sports match, the announcers will shout about who is '차지하고' the top spot. It creates a sense of drama and achievement. '누가 1위를 차지할까요?' (Who will take first place?) is a classic cliffhanger phrase used before commercial breaks.

이번 분기 시장 점유율 1위는 누가 차지했습니까?

Translation: Who took the number one spot in market share this quarter?
Daily Life and Real Estate
In everyday life, you might hear this when discussing home decor or choosing a seat in a crowded cafe. A Korean friend might complain, '이 식탁이 부엌을 다 차지해서 너무 좁아요' (This dining table takes up the whole kitchen, so it's too cramped). It is also used when discussing land ownership or territory in a more formal sense.

In academic lectures, particularly in the social sciences or history, professors use 차지하다 to describe the significance of an event or the dominance of a certain ideology. For example, '유교가 조선 시대 사회 전반에서 중요한 위치를 차지했습니다' (Confucianism occupied an important position throughout Joseon dynasty society). Here, it isn't about physical space but intellectual and cultural 'space'. This versatility makes it one of the most useful verbs for anyone aspiring to reach an intermediate or advanced level of Korean proficiency.

While 차지하다 is useful, learners often stumble over its specific nuances or confuse it with other verbs that mean 'to have' or 'to take'. Avoiding these common pitfalls will make your Korean sound much more natural and precise.

Mistake 1: Confusing with '가지다' (to have/possess)
Learners often use 가지다 when they should use 차지하다. While 가지다 means simple possession (I have a phone), 차지하다 implies occupancy or accounting for a portion. If you say 'I have 30% of the market' using 가지다, it sounds like you literally own it like a physical object. Using 차지하다 correctly conveys that your share 'accounts for' that amount.

그는 1위를 가졌어요. (X)

그는 1위를 차지했어요. (O)

Note: You 'take' or 'occupy' a rank, you don't just 'have' it in the sense of a possession.
Mistake 2: Incorrect Particle Usage
Sometimes learners use the location particle -에 instead of the object particle -을/를. Because the verb involves 'space', students think 'in the space' (공간에). However, in Korean, the space being occupied is the direct object of the action. Always use -을/를.

Another common error is using it for 'taking time' in the sense of 'it takes 5 minutes to get there'. For that, you should use 걸리다. Use 차지하다 only when a specific activity 'takes up' or 'occupies' a block of your schedule (e.g., 'Work takes up most of my day'). By being mindful of these distinctions, you will avoid the clunky 'translated' feel that many learners struggle with and instead speak with the precision of a native speaker.

To truly master 차지하다, you should understand where it fits in the family of Korean verbs related to taking, holding, and occupying. Depending on the level of formality or the specific nuance you want to convey, you might choose one of the following alternatives.

점유하다 (Jeomyuhada)
This is the formal, Sino-Korean equivalent. It is most often seen in business reports (market share = 시장 점유율) or legal documents. While 차지하다 is versatile, 점유하다 is strictly about 'occupancy' and 'possession' in a professional context.
장악하다 (Jang-akhada)
This means 'to seize control' or 'to dominate'. If 차지하다 is 'taking a spot', 장악하다 is 'taking control of the whole situation'. You might hear this in politics or when a charismatic person 'takes over' a room.
맡다 (Matda)
When referring to a role or a position within a company, 맡다 (to take on / to be in charge of) is often used. For example, 'He took the role of manager' would use 맡다, whereas 'He took the top spot in sales' would use 차지하다.

그는 시장의 주도권을 장악했습니다.

Translation: He seized the initiative (leadership) of the market. (More aggressive than just '차지하다').

In terms of antonyms, look for words like 내주다 (to give up / to yield) or 비우다 (to empty). If you lose your first-place spot to someone else, you 내주다 that spot. If you move your furniture to make space, you 비우다 the space that the furniture used to 차지하다. Knowing these contrasts helps solidify the boundaries of how to use the word correctly in dynamic conversations.

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レベル別の例文

1

그가 내 자리를 차지했어요.

He took my seat.

Simple past tense of 차지하다.

2

강아지가 침대를 차지했어요.

The puppy took up the bed.

Object particle '침대를' is used.

3

누가 이 자리를 차지할 거예요?

Who will take this spot?

Future tense '-ㄹ 거예요'.

4

동생이 인형을 다 차지해요.

My younger sibling takes all the dolls.

Present tense used for a habit.

5

이 가방이 너무 많은 자리를 차지해요.

This bag takes up too much space.

Adverb '너무 많이' modifies the amount of space.

6

우리가 좋은 자리를 차지했어요.

We took a good spot.

Adjective '좋은' modifies '자리'.

7

꽃이 병을 다 차지했어요.

The flowers filled up the whole vase.

Using '다' to mean 'entirely'.

8

고양이가 상자를 차지하고 있어요.

The cat is occupying the box.

Present progressive '-고 있다'.

1

피아노가 거실을 다 차지해요.

The piano takes up the whole living room.

Describing physical occupancy of a room.

2

그 가수는 이번에 1위를 차지했어요.

That singer took first place this time.

Using a rank (1위) as the object.

3

숙제가 제 시간을 많이 차지해요.

Homework takes up a lot of my time.

Using '시간' (time) as the object.

4

누가 금메달을 차지했나요?

Who took the gold medal?

Polite question ending '-나요'.

5

이 책장이 벽의 절반을 차지해요.

This bookshelf takes up half the wall.

Using '절반' (half) as a proportion.

6

우리 팀이 우승을 차지했습니다.

Our team won the championship.

Formal past tense '-습니다'.

7

새로운 가구가 방을 많이 차지하네요.

The new furniture takes up a lot of the room, I see.

Exclamatory ending '-네요'.

8

그는 반에서 1등을 차지하고 싶어 해요.

He wants to take first place in the class.

Wants to... '-고 싶어 하다' for third person.

1

수출이 경제의 큰 비중을 차지합니다.

Exports account for a large portion of the economy.

Using '비중' (proportion/weight).

2

스마트폰이 우리 삶의 많은 부분을 차지하게 되었어요.

Smartphones have come to occupy a large part of our lives.

Resultative state '-게 되다'.

3

여성 인력이 전체의 40%를 차지하고 있습니다.

The female workforce accounts for 40% of the total.

Statistical usage.

4

그 배우는 제 마음속에서 중요한 자리를 차지해요.

That actor occupies an important place in my heart.

Metaphorical usage.

5

인터넷 쇼핑이 시장의 절반 이상을 차지했습니다.

Online shopping has taken up more than half of the market.

Using '이상' (more than).

6

그 회의가 오후 시간을 다 차지해 버렸어요.

That meeting ended up taking up the whole afternoon.

Completed action with regret '-어 버리다'.

7

쌀이 한국 식단에서 가장 큰 비중을 차지합니다.

Rice accounts for the largest portion of the Korean diet.

Superlative '가장 큰'.

8

그는 마침내 세계 챔피언 자리를 차지했습니다.

He finally took the world champion title.

Using '자리' as a title/position.

1

관광 산업이 국내 총생산에서 높은 비율을 차지한다.

The tourism industry accounts for a high ratio of the GDP.

Written style '-ㄴ다'.

2

그 사건은 그의 인생에서 큰 비중을 차지하는 기억이다.

That event is a memory that occupies a large portion of his life.

Noun-modifying form '-하는'.

3

신기술이 시장 점유율을 빠르게 차지하고 있습니다.

New technology is quickly taking up market share.

Adverb '빠르게' (quickly).

4

그는 조직 내에서 독보적인 위치를 차지하고 있다.

He occupies an unrivaled position within the organization.

Using '독보적인' (unrivaled/unparalleled).

5

전기차가 자동차 시장의 주류를 차지하기 시작했다.

Electric vehicles have begun to occupy the mainstream of the car market.

Starting an action '-기 시작하다'.

6

이 문제는 이번 토론에서 가장 핵심적인 부분을 차지할 것입니다.

This issue will occupy the most core part of this discussion.

Future probability '-ㄹ 것입니다'.

7

그는 여러 난관을 극복하고 마침내 승리를 차지했다.

He overcame several obstacles and finally took the victory.

Connecting clauses with '-고'.

8

복지 예산이 전체 예산의 상당 부분을 차지하고 있다.

The welfare budget accounts for a significant portion of the total budget.

Using '상당 부분' (significant portion).

1

유교적 가치관은 한국 사회의 기저에서 중요한 위치를 차지한다.

Confucian values occupy an important position at the base of Korean society.

Academic tone.

2

그 시인은 현대 문학사에서 독특한 영역을 차지하고 있다.

The poet occupies a unique domain in modern literary history.

Abstract domain/territory.

3

디지털 소외 계층이 인구의 적지 않은 비중을 차지한다는 사실을 잊어서는 안 된다.

We must not forget the fact that the digitally marginalized account for a significant portion of the population.

Complex noun clause '-ㄴ다는 사실'.

4

그의 연설은 청중의 마음을 완전히 차지해 버렸다.

His speech completely took over the hearts of the audience.

Metaphorical occupancy of emotion.

5

이 이론은 물리학 분야에서 중추적인 역할을 차지하고 있습니다.

This theory occupies a pivotal role in the field of physics.

Using '중추적인 역할' (pivotal role).

6

환경 문제가 국제 정치의 핵심 의제로 자리 차지하게 되었다.

Environmental issues have come to occupy a spot as a core agenda in international politics.

Variation: '자리 차지하게 되다'.

7

그가 보여준 헌신은 우리 공동체에서 대체 불가능한 자리를 차지한다.

The dedication he showed occupies an irreplaceable place in our community.

Using '대체 불가능한' (irreplaceable).

8

수입품이 국내 시장의 대부분을 차지하면서 국내 기업들이 위기를 맞았다.

As imported goods took up most of the domestic market, domestic companies faced a crisis.

Reasoning with '-면서'.

1

권력의 공백을 누가 차지하느냐에 따라 국가의 향방이 결정된다.

The direction of the nation is determined by who occupies the power vacuum.

Indirect question '-느냐에 따라'.

2

그 철학적 사유는 서구 지성사에서 지배적인 담론을 차지해 왔다.

That philosophical thought has occupied the dominant discourse in Western intellectual history.

Perfect aspect '-해 왔다'.

3

데이터 주권 문제는 미래 산업에서 가장 치열한 쟁점이 차지할 영역이다.

The issue of data sovereignty is a domain that will be occupied by the most intense disputes in future industries.

Advanced industrial context.

4

그 작품은 미학적으로 매우 정교한 위치를 차지하고 있다고 평가받는다.

The work is evaluated as occupying an aesthetically very sophisticated position.

Passive evaluation '-고 평가받는다'.

5

인공지능 기술이 노동 시장의 상당 부분을 차지하게 될 것이라는 우려가 깊다.

There are deep concerns that AI technology will take up a significant portion of the labor market.

Appositive clause '-라는 우려'.

6

전통과 현대가 절묘한 균형을 차지하며 공존하는 도시, 서울.

Seoul, a city where tradition and modernity coexist, occupying an exquisite balance.

Participial phrase '-며'.

7

그의 논리는 반박할 수 없는 정당성을 차지하고 있었다.

His logic occupied an irrefutable legitimacy.

Abstract quality as an object.

8

자본의 논리가 예술의 영역까지 차지하려는 현상을 경계해야 한다.

We must be wary of the phenomenon where the logic of capital tries to occupy even the realm of art.

Intention '-하려는'.

よく使う組み合わせ

1위를 차지하다
자리를 차지하다
비중을 차지하다
공간을 차지하다
비율을 차지하다
우승을 차지하다
시간을 차지하다
마음을 차지하다
점유율을 차지하다
위치를 차지하다

よく使うフレーズ

자리를 차지하고 앉다

— To take a seat and sit down.

그는 명당 자리를 차지하고 앉았다.

큰 비중을 차지하다

— To account for a large portion or play a big role.

부모님은 내 삶에서 큰 비중을 차지하신다.

시장을 차지하다

— To take over or dominate a market.

신제품이 빠르게 시장을 차지했다.

상위권을 차지하다

— To rank among the top tier.

그 학생은 항상 전교 상위권을 차지한다.

절반을 차지하다

— To account for exactly or about half.

여성이 인구의 절반을 차지합니다.

독보적 위치를 차지하다

— To hold an unrivaled or unique position.

이 브랜드는 시장에서 독보적 위치를 차지한다.

대부분을 차지하다

— To take up most of something.

잠이 내 휴일의 대부분을 차지했다.

영역을 차지하다

— To occupy a certain territory or field.

그는 예술의 새로운 영역을 차지했다.

주류를 차지하다

— To become the mainstream.

힙합이 음악 시장의 주류를 차지했다.

꼴찌를 차지하다

— To take the last place (often used humorously or sadly).

우리 팀이 결국 꼴찌를 차지하고 말았다.

慣用句と表現

"안방을 차지하다"

— To take over the main room; to dominate the core area.

그 가수가 차트 안방을 차지했다.

Metaphorical
"왕좌를 차지하다"

— To take the throne; to become the undisputed number one.

그는 드디어 테니스 왕좌를 차지했다.

Dramatic
"자리를 굳게 차지하다"

— To firmly hold one's position.

그는 팀에서 주전 자리를 굳게 차지했다.

Neutral
"남의 자리를 차지하다"

— To take someone else's place (usurp).

그는 비겁한 방법으로 남의 자리를 차지했다.

Negative
"마음의 방을 차지하다"

— To occupy a room in someone's heart.

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