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반납하다

A2 verb #5,500 よく出る 10分で読める

반납하다

bannapada 上位5,500

練習する例文メモとヒント 반납하다 30秒で

解説 반납하다 in your Level:

At the A1 level, you are just starting to learn basic verbs for daily life. While '반납하다' might seem a bit long, it is very important because you will see it at the library or when you use public services. Think of it as the 'official' way to say 'give back.' At this level, you only need to know that it is used for books (책) and that it usually ends in '반납해요' or '반납하세요.' You might use it when you go to a library and want to tell the librarian you are finished with a book. It is a 'Hada' verb, which makes it easy to conjugate. Just remember: if you borrowed it from a building or a shop, you '반납' it. If you borrowed it from a friend, you '돌려줘요.' Keeping this simple rule will help you avoid early mistakes. You will mostly hear this in short sentences like '책을 반납하세요' (Return the book) or '여기 반납하세요' (Return it here).

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At the A2 level, you should begin to distinguish between formal and informal situations. '반납하다' is a perfect example of a formal verb used in public spaces. You are likely to encounter this word when renting things like bicycles (자전거), portable chargers (보조배터리), or using self-service kiosks at restaurants. You should be able to use it with the object particle '을/를' correctly. For example, '자전거를 반납했어요' (I returned the bicycle). You will also start to see it in compound sentences, like '책을 반납하고 집에 갔어요' (I returned the book and went home). At this stage, you should also recognize the noun form '반납,' which you will see on signs. If you see a sign that says '반납처,' you should know that is where you need to put your borrowed items back. Understanding this word helps you navigate Korean public infrastructure more independently.

By B1, you are expected to handle more complex social interactions. '반납하다' becomes useful when discussing responsibilities and rules. You might need to explain why you were late returning something or ask about the specific procedures for returning a rental. You should be comfortable using various grammar patterns with this verb, such as '-아야 하다' (must) or '-기 전에' (before). For example, '연체료를 내지 않으려면 제때 반납해야 해요' (You must return it on time to avoid late fees). You will also encounter the word in broader contexts, such as returning a company laptop when finishing an internship or returning equipment in a club. You should also start to notice the difference between '반납하다' and '반환하다,' noting that '반납' is more common for physical objects in a rental/borrowing cycle, whereas '반환' feels more like a formal restoration of rights or property.

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At the B2 level, you should be able to use '반납하다' in more abstract or professional contexts. This includes news reports where people '반납' their medals, titles, or even their driver's licenses (면허 반납). The word takes on a sense of 'relinquishing' something that was granted to you. You should also be familiar with the passive form '반납되다' and use it in formal writing or reports. For instance, '모든 장비가 정상적으로 반납되었습니다' (All equipment has been returned normally). You can also use it to describe social trends, such as '고령 운전자 면허 반납' (Elderly drivers returning their licenses), which is a common topic in Korean society. Your understanding of the word should now include the nuance of fulfilling a societal or organizational obligation, and you should be able to discuss the consequences of not doing so using more advanced vocabulary like '과태료' (fine) or '정지' (suspension).

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At the C1 level, your usage of '반납하다' should be precise and nuanced. You understand that this verb is part of a larger family of Hanja-based administrative terms. You can use it in academic or legal discussions regarding the 'return' of borrowed power or delegated authority. For example, you might discuss a politician '반납'ing their parliamentary immunity. You should also be able to appreciate the metaphorical use of the word in literature or high-level journalism, where someone might '반납' their youth or their life to a cause, though this is less common than other verbs. You can fluently switch between '반납,' '반환,' and '회수' depending on the exact legal and social dynamics of the situation. Your ability to use the word in the 'honorific' or 'humble' contexts of a corporate hierarchy is also expected, such as when reporting to a superior about the completion of a resource return process.

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At the C2 level, you have a near-native grasp of '반납하다' and its place in the Korean linguistic landscape. You can analyze the etymological roots (返納) and understand how they contrast with similar terms like '수납' (receipt/payment) or '공납' (tribute). You can use the word in complex, multi-clause sentences that discuss the ethics of returning public resources or the administrative efficiency of return systems. You are also aware of very specific, niche uses, such as in the military or specialized industries. You can engage in debates about policies like 'driver's license return' for the elderly, using '반납하다' as a key term while weaving in sophisticated arguments about public safety and individual rights. Your mastery means you never confuse it with casual synonyms, and you can even use it ironically or stylistically in creative writing to evoke a sense of cold, institutional formality or rigid duty.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

반납하다 30秒で

반납하다 is a formal verb used to return items to institutions like libraries, rental shops, or offices, rather than to personal friends.
It comes from Hanja (返納), meaning 'return' and 'pay,' highlighting its administrative and official nature in daily Korean life.
Common objects for this verb include books, rental cars, bicycles, ID cards, and even abstract things like medals or titles.
Using this word correctly shows you understand the social structure of borrowing and returning within a system or organization.

The Korean verb 반납하다 (bannaphada) is a cornerstone of daily institutional interactions in South Korea. At its core, it translates to 'to return something,' but it carries a specific nuance that distinguishes it from the more casual 돌려주다 (dollyeojuda). While you might 'return' a pencil to a friend using 돌려주다, you would 'return' a library book, a rental car, or a borrowed uniform using 반납하다. This word is deeply rooted in formal or semi-formal systems where an item is checked out and must be officially checked back in. Understanding this distinction is vital for anyone living in or visiting Korea, as it appears on signs, in automated messages, and in administrative speech constantly. The word is composed of the Hanja characters 返 (ban - to return) and 納 (nap - to pay or supply), suggesting an official restoration of an item to its rightful place or owner.

Institutional Context: This verb is almost exclusively used when the recipient is an organization, such as a library (도서관), a rental shop (대여점), or a government office (관공서). It implies a record-keeping process is involved.
Formal Responsibility: Using 반납하다 suggests that the borrower has a duty or a deadline to return the item. Failure to do so often results in a fine (연체료) or a penalty.
Broad Application: Beyond physical objects, it can also be used for returning medals, trophies, or even official positions and rights in a metaphorical or highly formal sense.

다 읽은 책은 내일까지 도서관에 반납해야 합니다. (You must return the books you finished reading to the library by tomorrow.)

렌터카를 정해진 시간에 반납하지 않으면 추가 요금이 발생합니다. (If you do not return the rental car at the scheduled time, additional fees will occur.)

졸업식 후에 학위복을 반드시 반납해 주세요. (Please make sure to return the academic gown after the graduation ceremony.)

그 선수는 도핑 테스트 결과 때문에 금메달을 반납했다. (The athlete returned the gold medal due to the doping test results.)

노트북 대여 기간이 끝나서 오늘 반납하러 갑니다. (The laptop rental period is over, so I am going to return it today.)

The usage of 반납하다 extends into various professional spheres. In a corporate setting, when an employee leaves a company, they must 반납 their ID card, company laptop, and any other corporate assets. In the military, equipment is 반납ed after a mission. Even in the context of public services, like the Seoul City bike 'Ttareungyi,' the app will constantly remind you of the 반납 status. Essentially, whenever there is a 'borrow-and-return' cycle involving a system or authority, 반납하다 is the correct choice. It conveys a sense of completing a transaction and fulfilling a contractual obligation, making it much more than just a synonym for 'giving back.'

Grammatically, 반납하다 is a transitive verb, meaning it requires a direct object—the thing being returned—marked by the particles 을 or 를. The recipient of the return is typically marked with 에 (for places like libraries) or 에게/한테 (for people, though this is rarer as the context is usually institutional). The structure generally follows: [Subject] + [Object] + 을/를 + [Recipient] + 에 + 반납하다. For example, '저는 책을 도서관에 반납했어요' (I returned the book to the library). Understanding the conjugation is also straightforward as it follows the standard -하다 verb pattern: 반납해요 (polite), 반납합니다 (formal), 반납했다 (past tense).

The Passive Form: The passive form is 반납되다, which means 'to be returned.' This is often used in formal announcements, such as '책이 아직 반납되지 않았습니다' (The book has not been returned yet).
With Time Expressions: Commonly paired with -까지 (until/by) or -기 전에 (before). For instance, '마감 시간까지 반납하세요' (Please return it by the deadline).
Combining with Auxiliary Verbs: It is frequently used with -아/어 주다 when asking someone to return something: '제 책 좀 반납해 줄래?' (Could you return my book for me?).

이 서류를 내일까지 사무실에 반납해 주시기 바랍니다. (Please return these documents to the office by tomorrow.)

빌린 자전거를 제자리에 반납하는 것이 예의입니다. (It is polite to return a borrowed bicycle to its original place.)

연체된 책을 반납하러 가는 길이에요. (I am on my way to return an overdue book.)

신분증을 반납해야 출입증을 받을 수 있습니다. (You must return your ID card to receive an entrance pass.)

그는 자신의 잘못을 인정하고 훈장을 반납했다. (He admitted his mistake and returned his medal.)

In more advanced usage, you might encounter 반납하다 in social or political contexts. For example, a politician might '반납' their seat or privileges to show accountability. In these cases, it emphasizes a voluntary or mandatory surrender of a status that was 'lent' by the public. This versatility makes it an essential word to master for both daily survival and understanding higher-level Korean discourse. Whether you are dealing with a simple library transaction or reading a news article about a corporate scandal, the mechanics of 'returning' remain the same: an object or right moving from the temporary possessor back to the source.

If you step into any public library in Korea, 반납하다 is the word you will see and hear most frequently. Signs above desks will say 반납 (Return) and 대출 (Loan). Librarians will ask, '책 반납하시겠어요?' (Would you like to return the books?). Beyond the library, this word is ubiquitous in the sharing economy that has flourished in modern Korea. From the 'Ttareungyi' public bicycles in Seoul to the portable battery rental services found in convenience stores and subway stations, the 'return' step is always labeled as 반납. Even in the workplace, the IT department will use this word when you upgrade your hardware or leave the company, asking for the old equipment to be 반납ed.

Public Transportation: In some cities, you might borrow umbrellas or wheelchairs at subway stations. The instructions will always use 반납 for the return process.
Educational Settings: Students hear this constantly regarding school property, from textbooks to locker keys to sports equipment used during P.E. class.
Hospitality and Leisure: At ski resorts (ski rentals), jjimjilbangs (uniforms/towels), or golf courses (carts), 반납 is the standard term for giving back the rented gear.

도서관 입구에 있는 반납기를 이용해 주세요. (Please use the return machine at the library entrance.)

사용하신 트레이는 이곳에 반납해 주십시오. (Please return used trays here.)

자전거 반납 처리가 완료되었습니다. (The bicycle return has been processed.)

퇴사할 때 출입 카드를 인사팀에 반납해야 합니다. (When you quit, you must return your access card to the HR team.)

예비군 훈련이 끝나고 장비를 반납했습니다. (After the reserve forces training ended, I returned the equipment.)

In the digital world, 반납하다 is also used for returning digital licenses or 'returning' unused data or credits in specific administrative apps. While physical returns are most common, the concept of 'relinquishing a borrowed right' is the underlying theme. When you hear this word, think of a formal 'closing of a loop.' You had something that wasn't yours, and now you are making the system whole again by putting it back. It is a word that signifies responsibility and the proper functioning of shared resources in Korean society.

One of the most frequent mistakes English speakers make is using 반납하다 in casual, personal situations. Because English uses the word 'return' for almost everything, learners often try to say 'I will return your pen' using 반납하다. This sounds incredibly stiff and strange to a Korean ear, almost like you are treating your friend like a government institution. For personal favors or casual borrowing between individuals, 돌려주다 (to give back) is the correct choice. Another common error is confusing 반납하다 with 갚다 (to pay back/repay). If you borrow 10,000 won from a friend, you must 갚다 the money, never 반납하다 it.

Confusing with '환불하다' (Refund): If you buy something and want to take it back to the store to get your money back, that is 환불하다. 반납하다 is only for items you borrowed for free or rented for a fee, not items you purchased.
Particle Errors: Learners often use the particle -로 (to/towards) instead of -에 (at/to) for the location. It should be 도서관에 반납하다, not 도서관으로 반납하다, although the latter is occasionally heard in specific movement contexts.
Mixing up '반납' and '반환': While 반환하다 (to return/restore) is similar, it is even more formal and often used for legal or international contexts, like 'returning cultural assets' (문화재 반환).

Incorrect: 친구한테 볼펜을 반납했어요. (Wrong: Too formal for a pen and a friend.)

Correct: 친구한테 볼펜을 돌려줬어요. (Right: Natural and casual.)

Incorrect: 빌린 돈을 반납할게요. (Wrong: Money is 'repaid,' not 'returned' like an object.)

Correct: 빌린 돈을 갚을게요. (Right: Correct verb for debt.)

Incorrect: 백화점에서 옷을 반납하고 돈을 받았어요. (Wrong: This sounds like you borrowed the clothes.)

Finally, avoid overusing the formal -습니다 ending with 반납하다 in very casual settings, though the verb itself is formal. If you're talking to a close classmate about returning a shared textbook to the school office, you can say '사무실에 반납했어' (I returned it to the office). The verb choice 반납 provides the necessary level of formality for the action, so you don't always need the highest level of speech ending unless the listener also requires it. Understanding these social layers—what you are returning, who you are returning it to, and who you are talking to—is the key to using 반납하다 like a native speaker.

Korean has a rich variety of verbs that translate to 'return' or 'give back' in English, each with its own specific domain. While 반납하다 is the standard for institutional returns, other words like 돌려주다, 반환하다, 회수하다, and 복구하다 are used in different contexts. Choosing the wrong one can lead to confusion or make you sound unnatural. For instance, if a company 'recalls' a defective product, they use 회수하다, not 반납하다, because the company is the one taking the initiative to get the items back.

돌려주다 (Dollyeojuda): The most common and versatile word. Used between friends, family, and in casual situations. '빌린 연필을 돌려주다' (Return a borrowed pencil).
반환하다 (Banhwanhada): Very formal, often legal or administrative. Used for returning deposits (보증금 반환) or cultural artifacts. It implies a restoration of original ownership rights.
회수하다 (Hwesuhada): To collect or recall. Used when an organization takes back items it distributed, like questionnaires or expired products. '설문지를 회수하다' (Collect questionnaires).
갚다 (Gapda): Specifically for debts, money, or favors. '은혜를 갚다' (Repay a kindness) or '빚을 갚다' (Pay off a debt).

도서관 책은 반납하고, 친구 돈은 갚아야 합니다. (Library books are 'returned' (bannap), and friend's money must be 'repaid' (gapda).)

정부는 약탈된 문화재의 반환을 요구했다. (The government demanded the 'return' (banhwan) of looted cultural properties.)

기업이 결함이 있는 제품을 전량 회수하기로 했다. (The company decided to 'recall' (hwesu) all defective products.)

기한이 지난 대여 물품은 즉시 반납해 주세요. (Please return overdue rental items immediately.)

파일을 원래 상태로 복구했습니다. (I restored the file to its original state.)

In summary, while 반납하다 is your go-to for libraries and rentals, always be mindful of the 'who' and 'what.' If the return involves a legal right or a large-scale collection, or if it's just a casual favor between friends, one of these alternatives will be more appropriate. Mastering these nuances allows you to navigate Korean society with greater precision and cultural awareness.

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

The character '納' (납) is also found in the word '세금' (tax) contexts, like '납부' (payment), which is why '반납' feels much more 'official' than just giving something back.

発音ガイド

UK /pɐn.nɐp.ɦɐ.dɐ/

US /pɑn.nɑp.hɑ.dɑ/

In Korean, stress is generally even across syllables, but a slight emphasis may be placed on the first syllable '반' to clear the meaning.

韻が合う語

가입하다 (gaiphada) 대입하다 (daeiphada) 수입하다 (suiphada) 편입하다 (pyeoniphada) 전입하다 (jeoniphada) 불입하다 (buliphada) 투입하다 (tuiphada) 압입하다 (apiphada)

よくある間違い

Pronouncing 'b' instead of 'p' at the start (it is voiceless).
Over-aspirating the 'h' in 'hada'.
Failing to pronounce the 'p' (ㅂ) batchim before the 'h'.
Mixing up the vowel 'a' (ㅏ) with 'eo' (ㅓ).
Stress-timing the word like English instead of using syllable-timing.

難易度

読解 2/5

Easy to recognize on signs and in simple sentences.

ライティング 3/5

Requires correct object particles and understanding of Hanja-based verbs.

スピーキング 3/5

Pronunciation is straightforward, but choosing the right register is key.

リスニング 2/5

Clearly articulated in public announcements.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

책 (Book) 주다 (To give) 빌리다 (To borrow) 도서관 (Library) 하다 (To do)

次に学ぶ

대출하다 (To borrow/loan) 연체료 (Late fee) 반환하다 (To restore/return formally) 회수하다 (To collect/recall) 기한 (Deadline)

上級

수납 (Receipt/Storage) 납부 (Payment) 공납 (Tribute) 환급 (Refund/Rebate)

知っておくべき文法

-아야/어야 하다 (Must/Should)

책을 내일까지 반납해야 해요.

-(으)러 가다 (Go to do something)

자전거를 반납하러 가요.

-기 전에 (Before doing)

반납하기 전에 확인하세요.

-아/어 주다 (Do for someone)

대신 반납해 줄게요.

-(으)면 안 되다 (Must not)

늦게 반납하면 안 돼요.

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レベル別の例文

책을 반납해요.

I return the book.

Simple present tense with -해요.

여기 반납하세요.

Please return it here.

Imperative form with -하세요.

자전거를 반납했어요.

I returned the bicycle.

Past tense with -했어요.

내일 반납할 거예요.

I will return it tomorrow.

Future tense with -(으)ㄹ 거예요.

책 반납하러 가요.

I am going to return the book.

Purpose pattern -(으)러 가다.

이거 어디에 반납해요?

Where do I return this?

Question form with '어디에'.

아직 반납 안 했어요.

I haven't returned it yet.

Negative form with '안'.

노트북을 반납하세요.

Return the laptop, please.

Formal polite imperative.

도서관에 책을 반납하고 왔어요.

I came back after returning the book to the library.

Connective ending -고 and past tense.

반납 기간이 어제까지였어요.

The return period was until yesterday.

Noun '반납' used with '기간' (period).

빌린 물건은 제때 반납해야 해요.

You must return borrowed items on time.

Must/Should pattern -아야/어야 하다.

식기를 반납처에 반납해 주세요.

Please return the dishes to the return counter.

Polite request -아/어 주세요.

반납할 책이 세 권 있어요.

I have three books to return.

Noun-modifying future form -(으)ㄹ.

자전거 반납이 완료되었습니다.

The bicycle return is complete.

Noun '반납' as a subject.

이 카드를 반납하면 보증금을 받아요.

If you return this card, you get the deposit.

Conditional pattern -(으)면.

친구가 대신 반납해 줬어요.

A friend returned it for me.

Benefactive pattern -아/어 주다.

연체료를 내기 싫으면 빨리 반납하세요.

If you don't want to pay a late fee, return it quickly.

-기 싫다 (don't want to) and imperative.

반납하기 전에 상태를 꼭 확인하세요.

Make sure to check the condition before returning it.

-기 전에 (before doing).

깜빡하고 책을 반납하지 못했어요.

I forgot and couldn't return the book.

-지 못하다 (cannot/could not).

무인 반납기를 이용하면 밤에도 반납할 수 있어요.

You can return it even at night if you use the unmanned return machine.

-(으)ㄹ 수 있다 (can) and -(으)면.

대여한 장비를 반납하러 사무실에 들렀어요.

I stopped by the office to return the rented equipment.

-(으)러 (purpose) and 들르다 (stop by).

반납 기간을 연장할 수 있는지 물어봤어요.

I asked if I could extend the return period.

Indirect question -(으)ㄴ/는지.

다 쓴 수건은 바구니에 반납해 주시기 바랍니다.

Please return used towels to the basket.

Formal request -기 바랍니다.

졸업하면 학생증을 학교에 반납해야 합니다.

You must return your student ID to the school when you graduate.

-(으)면 (when/if) and -아야 하다.

회사를 그만둘 때 법인 카드를 반납했습니다.

I returned the corporate card when I quit the company.

-(으)ㄹ 때 (when) and formal past tense.

그 선수는 약물 복용 사실이 밝혀져 메달을 반납했다.

The athlete returned the medal after drug use was revealed.

Passive discovery -아/어 밝혀지다.

고령 운전자들이 면허를 자진 반납하고 있습니다.

Elderly drivers are voluntarily returning their licenses.

Present progressive -고 있다 and '자진' (voluntarily).

반납된 도서는 소독 과정을 거친 후 서가에 꽂힙니다.

Returned books are placed on shelves after undergoing a disinfection process.

Passive modifier '반납된' and '꽂히다'.

휴가 기간을 반납하고 프로젝트에 매진하기로 했다.

I decided to give up (return) my vacation time and focus on the project.

Metaphorical use of '반납' for time/rights.

대여 물품이 파손된 경우 반납 시 변상해야 합니다.

If the rental item is damaged, you must compensate upon return.

-ㄴ 경우 (in case of) and '변상' (compensation).

공용 장비를 반납하지 않고 개인적으로 사용하는 것은 금지되어 있다.

It is forbidden to use public equipment personally without returning it.

-지 않고 (without doing) and passive '금지되다'.

반납 확인증을 꼭 챙겨 두는 것이 좋습니다.

It is good to keep the return confirmation receipt.

Noun '확인증' and '-아/어 두다' (keep/do for later).

의원직을 반납하고 평당원으로 돌아가겠다고 선언했다.

He declared he would return his parliamentary seat and return to being a regular member.

Formal declaration -겠다고 선언하다.

정부는 기한 내에 반납되지 않은 국유지를 회수할 방침이다.

The government plans to recall state-owned land that has not been returned within the deadline.

Noun '방침' (policy/plan) and passive '반납되지 않은'.

그는 명예로운 은퇴를 위해 훈장을 국가에 반납하기로 결심했다.

He decided to return his medal to the state for an honorable retirement.

Purpose '-을 위해' and '결심하다' (decide).

사용자가 라이선스를 반납하면 다른 사용자가 이를 할당받을 수 있다.

When a user returns a license, another user can be assigned to it.

Technical context of software licenses.

전시가 끝난 후 대여된 작품들은 원소유주에게 반납된다.

After the exhibition ends, the borrowed artworks are returned to the original owners.

Passive '반납된다' in a formal process.

부당하게 취득한 이익은 전액 사회에 반납해야 마땅하다.

It is only right to return all unfairly gained profits to society.

-아야 마땅하다 (it is only right/proper to).

그는 자신의 특권을 반납함으로써 진정성을 보여주려 했다.

He tried to show his sincerity by returning his privileges.

Method '-함으로써' (by doing).

임대 계약이 만료되면 열쇠를 즉시 반납해야 하는 의무가 있다.

There is an obligation to return the keys immediately once the lease expires.

Noun '의무' (obligation) and '-면' (when).

권력의 원천인 국민에게 그 권력을 반납하는 것이 민주주의의 근간이다.

Returning power to the people, the source of power, is the foundation of democracy.

Philosophical/Political context.

학계는 해당 논문의 오류가 발견되자 저자에게 학위를 반납할 것을 촉구했다.

The academic community urged the author to return the degree once errors in the paper were found.

Urging '-을 것을 촉구하다'.

자연에서 빌려온 자원을 후손들에게 온전히 반납하는 것이 우리의 책무이다.

It is our duty to return the resources borrowed from nature intact to our descendants.

Metaphorical use in environmental ethics.

그는 일생을 바쳐 일궈온 모든 명예를 한순간의 실수로 반납하게 되었다.

He ended up returning (losing) all the honor he built over a lifetime due to a moment's mistake.

Resultative '-게 되었다'.

국가 안보를 위해 개인의 자유를 일부 반납해야 한다는 논리가 제기되었다.

The logic was raised that some individual freedoms must be returned (sacrificed) for national security.

Citing an argument '-한다는 논리'.

수사 기관은 피의자가 도주할 우려가 있어 여권을 반납받아 보관 중이다.

The investigative agency has received and is keeping the suspect's passport due to concerns about flight.

Compound verb '반납받다' (to receive a return).

임무를 완수한 요원들은 장비를 반납하고 기밀 유지 서약서에 서명했다.

The agents who completed the mission returned their equipment and signed a non-disclosure agreement.

Sequential actions -고.

역사적 유물의 반납은 단순한 물건의 이동이 아닌 민족적 자긍심의 회복이다.

The return of historical artifacts is not just a movement of objects but a restoration of national pride.

Negation 'A이/가 아닌 B이다'.

よく使う組み合わせ

책을 반납하다

자전거를 반납하다

면허를 반납하다

메달을 반납하다

식기를 반납하다

장비를 반납하다

기한 내에 반납하다

직접 반납하다

자진 반납하다

반납을 연기하다

よく使うフレーズ

반납처

— The specific location or counter where items should be returned.

식기 반납처는 오른쪽에 있습니다.

반납기

— An automated machine for returning items, like a book drop.

도서 반납기를 이용해 주세요.

반납 예정일

— The date on which something is scheduled to be returned.

반납 예정일이 지났습니다.

반납 확인

— The process or receipt of confirming that a return was successful.

반납 확인 문자를 받았습니다.

반납 지연

— A delay in returning an item beyond the agreed-upon time.

반납 지연으로 연체료가 발생했습니다.

무인 반납

— Returning something without staff assistance, usually via a kiosk.

24시간 무인 반납이 가능합니다.

일괄 반납

— Returning multiple items all at once.

빌린 책들을 일괄 반납했어요.

조기 반납

— Returning something earlier than the deadline.

자전거를 조기 반납하고 환불받았다.

반납 독촉

— A reminder or pressure from an institution to return an item.

도서관에서 반납 독촉 전화를 받았다.

반납 거부

— Refusing to return an item or a system refusing to accept a return.

기계 고장으로 반납 거부가 떴다.

よく混同される語

반납하다 vs 환불하다

To get a refund for a purchase. '반납' is for borrowed/rented items.

반납하다 vs 갚다

To pay back money or a debt. '반납' is for physical objects or rights.

반납하다 vs 돌려주다

To give back. This is the general term, while '반납' is institutional.

慣用句と表現

"휴가를 반납하다"

— To give up one's vacation time to work or do something else. It implies high commitment.

그는 프로젝트를 위해 주말 휴가를 반납했다.

Professional

"잠을 반납하다"

— To give up sleep to focus on a task. Often used by students or busy workers.

시험 기간이라 잠을 반납하고 공부했어요.

Colloquial

"타이틀을 반납하다"

— To voluntarily give up a champion title or status, often due to injury or retirement.

챔피언은 부상으로 인해 타이틀을 반납했다.

Journalistic

"특권을 반납하다"

— To surrender social or professional privileges to show humility or accountability.

정치인들이 기득권과 특권을 반납해야 한다.

Political

"청춘을 반납하다"

— To dedicate one's youth entirely to a cause, work, or family, 'giving it back' to fate.

그녀는 아이들을 키우는 데 청춘을 반납했다.

Literary

"면허를 반납하다"

— Commonly used now to refer to elderly citizens giving up driving for safety.

안전을 위해 면허를 반납하는 어르신들이 늘고 있다.

Social

"메달을 반납하다"

— Used when an athlete is stripped of a medal or gives it back in protest.

그는 공정하지 못한 판정에 항의하며 메달을 반납했다.

Journalistic

"자리를 반납하다"

— To resign from a position or give up a physical seat for someone else.

후배들을 위해 선배들이 자리를 반납했다.

Professional

"보증금을 반납받다"

— To receive the return of a deposit. Note the direction: receiving the return.

방을 비우고 보증금을 반납받았다.

Neutral

"명예를 반납하다"

— To lose or give up one's honorable standing due to a scandal.

그는 비리 사건으로 모든 명예를 반납하게 되었다.

Formal

間違えやすい

반납하다 vs 반송하다

Both start with '반' and mean return.

'반송' is specifically for returning mail or packages to the sender because of a delivery failure.

주소가 틀려서 편지가 반송되었다.

반납하다 vs 반박하다

Similar sound.

'반박' means to refute or counter-argue.

그는 내 의견에 강력히 반박했다.

반납하다 vs 반영하다

Similar sound.

'반영' means to reflect (like a policy or a mirror).

의견을 계획에 반영하겠습니다.

반납하다 vs 회수하다

Both involve items coming back.

'회수' is when the owner takes items back (recall); '반납' is when the borrower gives them back.

은행이 카드를 회수했다.

반납하다 vs 반환하다

Very close synonyms.

'반환' is more formal/legal (returning land/deposits); '반납' is more everyday (books/bikes).

보증금을 반환받았다.

文型パターン

[Object] + 을/를 반납해요.

책을 반납해요.

[Location] + 에 [Object] + 을/를 반납하세요.

도서관에 책을 반납하세요.

[Time] + 까지 반납해야 합니다.

오후 5시까지 반납해야 합니다.

[Object] + 을/를 반납하러 가요.

자전거를 반납하러 가요.

[Object] + 을/를 반납하지 않으면 [Penalty].

책을 반납하지 않으면 연체료를 내요.

[Object] + 이/가 반납되었습니다.

노트북이 반납되었습니다.

[Reason] + (으)로 인해 [Object] + 을/를 반납하다.

부상으로 인해 타이틀을 반납하다.

[Abstract] + 을/를 반납하는 것이 [Duty]이다.

특권을 반납하는 것이 공직자의 의무이다.

語族

名詞

반납 (Return/Restoration)

반납자 (The person who returns something)

반납처 (Return location)

반납기 (Return machine)

반납증 (Return receipt)

動詞

반납되다 (To be returned - passive)

반납시키다 (To make someone return something)

使い方

frequency

Extremely frequent in urban life, especially in Seoul where sharing services are common.

よくある間違い

Using '반납하다' for money. → 갚다 / 돌려주다
Money is considered a debt or a gift, not an 'item' to be returned to an institution in this sense.
Using '반납하다' with a friend. → 돌려주다
It sounds too formal and cold for personal relationships.
Using '-로' instead of '-에' for location. → 도서관에 반납하다
The destination of a return usually takes the 'at/to' particle '에'.
Confusing '반납' with '환불'. → 환불하다
You '반납' a rental, but you '환불' a purchase for money back.
Confusing '반납' with '반송'. → 반송하다
If a package is sent back because you weren't home, that's '반송', not '반납'.

ヒント

Object Particles

Always pair '반납하다' with '-을/를'. It's a transitive action that needs a target.

Hanja Roots

Remember 'Ban' (Return) and 'Nap' (Pay). This helps you link it to other 'Nap' words like 'Nap-bu' (payment).

Dish Return

In Korea, if you see '반납처' in a cafe, don't leave your tray on the table. It's polite to return it.

Library Phrase

Just say '반납하러 왔어요' when you reach the counter. It's the most natural way to start the interaction.

Friendship Rule

Never use this with friends unless you are joking about being 'official'. Stick to '돌려주다'.

Signage

Look for '반납' on buttons in rental apps. It's usually the final step to stop the timer.

Passive Usage

In announcements, '반납되다' is more common than '반납하다'. Listen for the '-되다' ending.

Business Emails

Use '반납' when discussing company equipment. It sounds professional and clear.

Time Surrender

Use '휴가 반납' to describe how busy you are. It's a common way to express dedication.

Visual Cue

Imagine the 'Back' button on a computer, but call it the 'Bannap' button.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of 'BAN' (to stop/return) and 'NAP' (sleeping). When you return a book, the book goes back to 'NAP' on the library shelf. BAN-NAP-HADA.

視覚的連想

Picture a library drop box with a giant 'BAN' sign on it, and you're dropping a book inside.

Word Web

도서관 (Library) 자전거 (Bicycle) 연체료 (Late fee) 기한 (Deadline) 렌터카 (Rental car) 식기 (Dishes) 면허 (License) 메달 (Medal)

チャレンジ

Try to find three '반납처' (return places) in your local Korean neighborhood or in a Korean drama today.

語源

Derived from the Hanja (Sino-Korean) characters '返' (반) and '納' (납).

元の意味： '返' means to return or go back, and '納' means to pay, supply, or offer up to a superior or authority.

Sino-Korean (Hanja-based vocabulary).

文化的な背景

Be careful not to use '반납' when returning a gift to someone, as it can sound insulting, as if you are treating the person like a cold institution.

English speakers often use 'return' for everything. In Korean, you must split this into '반납' (institutional), '돌려주다' (personal), and '환불' (getting money back).

News headlines often feature '훈장 반납' when a famous figure is involved in a scandal. Library slogans in Korea: '반납은 약속입니다' (Returning is a promise). The Seoul City Bike app (Ttareungyi) uses '반납' as its primary action button.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Library

책 반납하러 왔어요.
반납 기한이 언제예요?
반납함이 어디에 있어요?
대출과 반납.

Rental Services

자전거를 어디에 반납해요?
반납 처리가 안 됐어요.
추가 요금 없이 반납했어요.
반납 장소를 확인하세요.

Dining (Self-service)

식기는 여기 반납해 주세요.
쟁반 반납하는 곳.
다 드신 그릇은 반납처로.
셀프 반납.

Workplace

노트북을 IT팀에 반납하세요.
출입 카드를 반납해야 합니다.
비품 반납 목록.
퇴사 시 장비 반납.

Metaphorical/Personal

주말을 반납하고 일했어요.
잠을 반납하고 공부했어요.
휴가를 반납했습니다.
자유를 반납하다.

会話のきっかけ

"이 책을 오늘까지 반납해야 하는데 같이 도서관에 갈래? (I have to return this book today, want to go to the library together?)"

"따릉이 반납하는 곳이 근처에 어디 있는지 알아? (Do you know where the nearby Ttareungyi return spot is?)"

"너 혹시 내 책 대신 반납해 줄 수 있어? (By any chance, could you return my book for me?)"

"어제 렌터카 반납할 때 아무 문제 없었어? (Were there any problems when you returned the rental car yesterday?)"

"이번 주말도 반납하고 일해야 한다니 정말 슬퍼. (It's so sad that I have to give up this weekend too and work.)"

日記のテーマ

오늘 도서관에 가서 책을 반납한 경험에 대해 써 보세요. (Write about your experience going to the library to return books today.)

만약 당신이 금메달을 땄는데 나중에 반납해야 한다면 기분이 어떨까요? (How would you feel if you won a gold medal but had to return it later?)

최근에 무엇인가를 위해 자신의 시간을 '반납'해 본 적이 있나요? (Have you ever 'given up' your time for something recently?)

한국의 공유 자전거 시스템과 반납 방식에 대해 어떻게 생각하세요? (What do you think about Korea's shared bike system and its return method?)

물건을 제때 반납하는 것이 왜 중요한지 당신의 생각을 적어 보세요. (Write your thoughts on why it is important to return items on time.)

よくある質問

10 問

Technically, you can, but it sounds very strange. It's like saying 'I am officially restoring this pen to your jurisdiction.' Use '돌려주다' instead for friends.

'반납' is for everyday items you borrowed (books, bikes). '반환' is for formal things like money deposits, cultural property, or legal rights.

It is called a '반납기'. Libraries often have a '무인 반납기' (unmanned return machine) for after-hours returns.

No. For money, use '갚다' (to repay) or '돌려주다' (to give back). '반납' is for objects or rights.

It means you should take your used tray and dishes to the designated return area after eating. It is very common in Korean food courts.

No. If you want to give a gift back, use '돌려주다'. Using '반납하다' makes it sound like an administrative process.

Yes, '반납되다'. You will hear this in announcements like '책이 반납되었습니다' (The book has been returned).

It means 'voluntary return'. It's often used when people give up something like a driver's license or a title on their own accord.

You can say '연체' (overdue) or '지연 반납' (delayed return). '연체' is the most common term for libraries.

Yes, it is an idiom. '주말을 반납하다' means to give up your weekend to work or study.

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