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A2 adjective 9分で読める

얕다

yatda

練習する例文メモとヒント 얕다 30秒で

解説 얕다 in your Level:

At the A1 level, you primarily learn '얕다' in its most basic, physical sense. Imagine you are at a swimming pool or a beach. You need to know if the water is safe. '물이 얕아요' (The water is shallow) is a key phrase. At this stage, you focus on the present tense conjugation and the basic subject-adjective structure. You should learn that '얕다' is the opposite of '깊다' (deep). Think of a small puddle after rain or a baby's bathtub. These are all '얕다'. You don't need to worry about metaphorical meanings yet. Just focus on the physical depth of water and containers like bowls or plates. For example, '이 그릇은 얕아요' (This bowl is shallow). This helps you describe everyday objects around you. Remember the pronunciation: the 'ㅌ' sound moves to the next syllable when you say '얕아요' (ya-ta-yo). Practice saying it clearly so people don't confuse it with other words. At A1, your goal is simply to identify and describe physical depth in simple sentences.

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At the A2 level, you start to expand the use of '얕다' to more common daily experiences, specifically 'sleep' and 'breathing.' You will learn the very common phrase '잠이 얕다' (to be a light sleeper). This is useful when talking about your health or daily routine. You might say, '어제 잠이 얕아서 오늘 피곤해요' (I'm tired today because I had a shallow/light sleep yesterday). You also begin to use '얕은' as an adjective to modify nouns directly, such as '얕은 물' (shallow water) or '얕은 접시' (a shallow plate). You should be able to conjugate the word into various forms like '얕아서' (because it's shallow) and '얕고' (shallow and...). You will also start to distinguish '얕다' from '낮다' (low), which is a common point of confusion. Remember: '얕다' is for depth, '낮다' is for height. If you are describing a stream, use '얕다'. If you are describing a chair, use '낮다'. This distinction is crucial for moving toward intermediate fluency. You might also encounter it in simple stories or descriptions of nature.

At the B1 level, you move into the metaphorical and abstract uses of '얕다.' This is where you describe someone's knowledge or thoughts as 'shallow.' The phrase '얕은 지식' (shallow knowledge) becomes important. You might use it to describe a situation where someone only knows a little bit about a lot of topics. For example, '그는 여러 분야에 대해 얕은 지식을 가지고 있다' (He has shallow knowledge about various fields). You also learn about '얕은 꾀' (shallow tricks/schemes). This describes a plan that is easily seen through because it lacks depth or cleverness. At this level, you should be comfortable using '얕다' in more complex sentence structures, such as '얕으면' (if it's shallow) or '얕았던' (that used to be shallow). You will also hear it in more diverse contexts, such as describing the 'shallow breathing' (얕은 숨) of someone who is nervous or ill. Your understanding of the word becomes more nuanced as you realize it can carry a slightly negative or critical tone when applied to people's intellect or character.

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At the B2 level, you use '얕다' with greater precision and in more formal contexts. You can discuss the 'depth' of a market, a plan, or a philosophical argument. In business or academic settings, you might hear '얕은 분석' (a shallow analysis). You are expected to understand the nuance between '얕다' and more formal synonyms like '피상적이다' (superficial). While '얕다' is common in speech, '피상적이다' is more common in writing. You will also encounter '얕다' in literature and news reports. For example, a reporter might describe a 'shallow earthquake' (얕은 진원의 지진), although technical terms are often used, '얕다' still appears in general descriptions. You should also be aware of how '얕다' interacts with various adverbs to show degree, such as '턱없이 얕다' (absurdly shallow) or '생각보다 얕다' (shallower than thought). At this stage, you can use the word to provide detailed critiques or descriptions of complex situations, moving beyond simple physical depth.

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At the C1 level, you appreciate the stylistic and idiomatic richness of '얕다.' you can recognize it in classical literature or advanced essays where it might describe the 'shallow roots' of a tradition or the 'shallow emotions' of a character. You understand how it can be used ironically or sarcastically. You are familiar with idiomatic expressions like '얕은 수작' (cheap tricks) and can use them naturally in conversation to express skepticism. You also understand the phonetic changes and historical etymology of the word, recognizing its relationship with other words in the Korean lexicon. At this level, you can use '얕다' to engage in deep discussions about human nature, critiquing the 'shallow' aspects of modern society or social media culture. You can fluidly switch between '얕다' and its more academic counterparts depending on the audience. Your use of the word is not just about meaning, but about tone, register, and cultural resonance. You might also notice its use in specialized fields like geology or oceanography when simplified for a general audience.

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At the C2 level, your mastery of '얕다' is indistinguishable from that of a highly educated native speaker. You understand the subtle differences in connotation when '얕다' is used in different regional dialects or historical contexts. You can use the word to create poetic or highly evocative descriptions, perhaps describing the 'shallow light' of a winter sun or the 'shallow resonance' of an old instrument. You are capable of debating the philosophical implications of 'shallow' vs. 'deep' (얕음과 깊음) in art and life. You can identify and use rare or archaic forms of the word if they appear in classical texts. Your mastery extends to the most subtle social nuances; you know exactly when calling an idea '얕다' will be perceived as a gentle correction versus a stinging insult. You can also play with the word in puns or creative writing, leveraging its multiple meanings to create layers of significance. At this level, '얕다' is a versatile tool in your linguistic arsenal, used with perfect precision across all registers of the Korean language.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

얕다 30秒で

얕다 means 'to be shallow' in both physical and metaphorical contexts.
Commonly used for shallow water, light sleep (얕은 잠), and superficial knowledge (얕은 지식).
It is the direct opposite of 깊다 (deep) and should not be confused with 낮다 (low).
Conjugates as 얕아요, 얕습니다, and the modifier form is 얕은.

The Korean adjective 얕다 (yatda) is a versatile word primarily used to describe something that lacks depth. In its most literal sense, it refers to physical depth, such as water in a stream, a swimming pool, or a bowl. When you stand in a river and the water only reaches your ankles, you would say the water is 얕다. However, the beauty of the Korean language lies in its metaphorical extensions. Beyond physical depth, 얕다 is frequently employed to describe abstract concepts like knowledge, sleep, breathing, or even human character and strategy. For an English speaker, it translates directly to "shallow," but the nuances of its usage in daily Korean life are rich and varied.

Physical Depth (물체적 깊이): This is the primary usage. It describes water that is not deep. For example, a child-friendly pool or a drying riverbed. It can also describe the depth of a hole or a container. If you are digging a hole and it's only a few centimeters deep, it is 얕다.
Mental and Intellectual Depth (지적 깊이): When describing someone's knowledge or thoughts, 얕다 suggests a lack of profound understanding. A 'shallow knowledge' (얕은 지식) implies that someone knows only the surface level of a topic without grasping the core complexities. Similarly, 'shallow thoughts' (얕은 생각) refers to ideas that haven't been thoroughly considered.
Biological and Physiological States (생리적 상태): In medical or health contexts, 얕다 describes 'shallow breathing' (얕은 숨) or 'light sleep' (얕은 잠). If you are easily woken up by small noises, your sleep is 얕다. If someone is panting after a short run, their breathing might be 얕다.

이 강물은 얕아서 아이들이 놀기에 안전해요.

Translation: This river water is shallow, so it is safe for children to play in.

Furthermore, 얕다 can describe social interactions or strategies. A 'shallow trick' (얕은 꾀) is a transparent or simple-minded deception that is easily seen through. In terms of color or shading, though less common than other terms, it can sometimes hint at a lack of intensity or depth in hue. Understanding 얕다 requires recognizing the scale between surface-level and profound depth. It is the direct antonym of 깊다 (gipda), which means 'deep.' When you learn 얕다, you are essentially learning how to describe the lack of 'deepness' in both the physical and metaphysical worlds.

그는 얕은 지식으로 아는 체를 했다.

Translation: He pretended to know a lot with his shallow knowledge.

In summary, 얕다 is an essential A2-level word because it bridges the gap between basic descriptive language and more complex idiomatic expressions. Whether you are at the beach, discussing your sleep habits, or evaluating a plan, 얕다 provides the necessary vocabulary to describe anything that doesn't go very deep.

Using 얕다 correctly involves understanding its conjugation and how it modifies nouns. As an adjective (descriptive verb), it follows standard Korean conjugation rules. The stem is 얕-. When it meets a vowel-starting ending, the final consonant cluster 'ㅌ' moves to the next syllable's initial position in pronunciation (though spelled with ㅌ). For example, 얕다 becomes 얕아요 (ya-ta-yo) in the informal polite style.

Adjective Modification (Noun + 얕은): To describe a noun, you use the form 얕은. Example: 얕은 개울 (a shallow brook), 얕은 잠 (a shallow sleep). This is the most common way to use the word in descriptive writing.
Sentence Ending (얕아요 / 얕습니다): When ending a sentence, use 얕아요 for everyday conversation and 얕습니다 for formal situations. Example: '물이 얕아요' (The water is shallow).
Reasoning and Connection (얕아서 / 얕으니까): To say 'Because it is shallow...', use 얕아서 (sequential/cause) or 얕으니까 (reasoning). Example: '접시가 얕아서 음식이 넘쳐요' (Because the plate is shallow, the food is overflowing).

바닷물이 생각보다 얕아서 멀리까지 걸어갔어요.

Translation: The sea water was shallower than I thought, so I walked out far.

One interesting aspect of 얕다 is its use in comparative sentences. You can use ~보다 (than) to compare depths. '이 호수는 저 호수보다 얕아요' (This lake is shallower than that lake). You can also intensify it with adverbs like 매우 (very), 너무 (too), or 상당히 (considerably). For instance, '지식이 너무 얕아서 대화가 안 돼요' (His knowledge is so shallow that a conversation is impossible).

그의 얕은 수작에 넘어가지 마세요.

Translation: Don't fall for his shallow tricks.

When talking about sleep (잠), 얕다 is used to describe the state of being a 'light sleeper.' '잠이 얕다' means you wake up easily. This is a very natural and common expression in Korea. If you want to say you didn't sleep well because your sleep was light, you would say '어제 잠이 얕아서 피곤해요' (I'm tired because my sleep was shallow yesterday). This pattern of [Noun] + [이/가] + [얕다] is the foundational structure for most uses of this word.

In Korea, you will encounter 얕다 in a variety of real-world scenarios, ranging from nature outings to intellectual debates. Its frequency in daily speech makes it a vital word for intermediate learners. Here are some specific contexts where you are likely to hear it:

1. At the Beach or Riverside: When families go to the East Sea or a valley (계곡), parents will constantly check the depth of the water. You'll hear: "여기는 물이 얕으니까 여기서 놀아" (The water is shallow here, so play here). It's a word associated with safety and boundaries in nature.
2. In Medical Consultations: If you visit a doctor for sleep issues or anxiety, they might ask about your breathing or sleep quality. "숨이 얕지는 않나요?" (Isn't your breathing shallow?) or "잠이 얕아서 자주 깨나요?" (Do you wake up often because your sleep is shallow?).
3. Critiquing Media or Books: In book reviews or movie discussions, critics might use 얕다 to describe a plot or a character's development. "주제가 너무 얕아요" (The theme is too shallow) suggests that the work lacks profound meaning or philosophical weight.

"이번 시험은 얕은 지식만으로는 풀기 어려웠어."

Translation: "This exam was hard to solve with only shallow knowledge."

In workplace environments, 얕다 might come up when discussing strategies or market research. If a plan is deemed too simple or lacking in detail, a manager might say, "이 계획은 너무 얕아서 실패할 가능성이 커요" (This plan is too shallow, so the possibility of failure is high). It conveys a sense of being 'half-baked' or 'superficial'.

Finally, in the context of cooking or plating, if a chef uses a bowl that isn't deep enough for soup, they might refer to the dish as 얕다. "그릇이 너무 얕아서 국물이 다 튀겠어요" (The bowl is too shallow, so the soup will splash everywhere). In every case, the word points to a lack of vertical space or intellectual substance.

For English speakers learning Korean, 얕다 can sometimes be confused with other adjectives that describe 'low' or 'small.' Understanding the specific boundaries of 얕다 is key to sounding natural.

Confusing 얕다 with 낮다 (natda): The most common mistake is using 낮다 (low) when you mean 얕다 (shallow). While both refer to a lack of height/depth, 낮다 is used for height (like a low mountain or a low ceiling), whereas 얕다 is used for depth (like water or a hole). You don't say '물이 낮아요'; you say '물이 얕아요'. Conversely, you don't say '산이 얕아요'; you say '산이 낮아요'.
Misusing for Person's Height: Never use 얕다 to describe a short person. In English, we might say someone is 'shallow' in character, but we never use it for physical height. In Korean, the same applies. For a short person, use 작다 (small) or 키가 작다.
Conjugation Errors with ㅌ: Because of the double consonant ㅌ, beginners often struggle with the pronunciation. It is NOT 'ya-da' or 'yal-da'. The ㅌ is clearly pronounced as 't' when followed by a vowel: 얕아요 (ya-ta-yo). When followed by a consonant, it often sounds like a 't' stop: 얕다 (yat-da).

❌ 산이 얕아요. (The mountain is shallow.)
✅ 산이 낮아요. (The mountain is low.)

Another mistake is using 얕다 for 'thin' objects. If a book is thin, use 얇다 (yalda). These two words are incredibly similar in spelling (얕다 vs 얇다) and pronunciation, causing frequent confusion. 얕다 is for depth (shallow water), whereas 얇다 is for thickness (thin paper). Be very careful with the spelling! One has ㅌ, the other has ㄼ.

Lastly, when using it metaphorically for knowledge, don't confuse it with 부족하다 (insufficient). While 얕다 implies a lack of depth, 부족하다 implies a lack of quantity. You can have a lot of shallow knowledge, but you cannot have 'a lot of insufficient' knowledge. 얕다 describes the *quality* of the depth.

To truly master 얕다, it's helpful to compare it with its synonyms and related terms. This allows you to choose the most precise word for your context.

얕다 vs. 낮다 (Low): As mentioned, 얕다 is for depth (downward), and 낮다 is for height (upward).
Example: '물이 얕다' (shallow water) vs '천장이 낮다' (low ceiling).
얕다 vs. 피상적이다 (Superficial): 피상적이다 is a more formal, academic term for 'superficial.' While 얕다 is used in everyday speech, 피상적이다 is used in reports, news, or formal debates.
Example: '피상적인 분석' (superficial analysis).
얕다 vs. 가볍다 (Light): In some contexts, like sleep or behavior, 가볍다 can be an alternative. However, '잠이 가볍다' is less common than '잠이 얕다'. 가볍다 is more about weight or a person's lighthearted/frivolous personality.

Comparison Table

Word	Primary Use	Example
얕다	Depth / Abstract Depth	얕은 물, 얕은 지식
낮다	Height / Levels	낮은 산, 낮은 점수
얇다	Thickness	얇은 종이, 얇은 옷

If you want to emphasize that something is *not* deep without using 얕다, you can use the negative form of its antonym: 깊지 않다 (not deep). This is often perceived as slightly softer or more objective. For example, '생각이 깊지 않다' (thoughts are not deep) is a bit less harsh than '생각이 얕다' (thoughts are shallow).

In literary contexts, you might see 천박하다 (vulgar/shallow-minded). This is a much stronger and more negative word than 얕다, used to describe someone's base or unrefined character. Use 얕다 for general lack of depth, but reach for these alternatives when you need specific nuances of formality, height, or character judgment.

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

The verb '얕보다' (to look down on someone) comes directly from '얕다' (shallow) + '보다' (to see). If you see someone as 'shallow,' you are underestimating them.

発音ガイド

UK /ja̠t̚t͈a̠/

US /ja̠t̚t͈a̠/

Primary stress is on the first syllable '얕'.

韻が合う語

맡다 (mat-da) 낳다 (na-ta - in conjugation) 같다 (gat-da) 받다 (bat-da) 닿다 (da-ta) 뱉다 (baet-da) 짙다 (jit-da) 닻다 (dat-da)

よくある間違い

Pronouncing it as 'yal-da' (confusing with 얇다).
Failing to tense the 'd' in 'da' (should be 'yat-ta').
Pronouncing 얕아요 as 'ya-da-yo' instead of 'ya-ta-yo'.
Dropping the 't' sound entirely.
Confusing the spelling with 얇다 (thin).

難易度

読解 2/5

Easy to read but watch out for the ㅌ/ㄼ distinction with 얇다.

ライティング 3/5

Spelling the double consonant ㅌ correctly is important.

スピーキング 3/5

Pronunciation of 얕아요 (ya-ta-yo) requires practice.

リスニング 2/5

Clear sound, but can be confused with 얇다 in fast speech.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

깊다 물 잠 생각 지식

次に学ぶ

피상적이다 심오하다 신중하다 경솔하다

上級

천박하다 치밀하다 통찰력 근시안적

知っておくべき文法

Adjective conjugation (-아요/어요)

얕다 -> 얕아요

Noun modifying form (-은)

얕은 물

Causative/Reason (-아서/어서)

얕아서 안전해요

Comparison (-보다)

이곳보다 얕아요

Becoming state (-아/어지다)

강물이 얕아졌어요

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レベル別の例文

물이 얕아요.

The water is shallow.

Simple present tense polite form.

이 수영장은 얕습니다.

This swimming pool is shallow.

Formal polite ending.

얕은 물에서 놀아요.

Play in the shallow water.

Adjective modifying a noun.

접시가 너무 얕아요.

The plate is too shallow.

Using '너무' (too/very) as an intensifier.

여기는 얕고 저기는 깊어요.

It is shallow here and deep there.

Connecting two clauses with -고.

바다가 얕아서 좋아요.

I like it because the sea is shallow.

Using -아서 to express a reason.

그릇이 얕아요?

Is the bowl shallow?

Question form.

얕은 곳으로 오세요.

Please come to the shallow place.

Imperative with -으세요.

저는 잠이 얕은 편이에요.

I tend to be a light sleeper.

-ㄴ 편이다 (tend to be).

개울물이 얕아서 건널 수 있어요.

The brook is shallow, so I can cross it.

-ㄹ 수 있다 (can).

얕은 숨을 쉬고 있어요.

He is breathing shallowly.

Noun modification.

이 호수는 생각보다 얕아요.

This lake is shallower than I thought.

Comparison with '생각보다'.

얕은 곳에서 수영을 배워요.

Learn to swim in a shallow place.

Locative particle -에서.

잠이 얕아서 자주 깨요.

I wake up often because my sleep is shallow.

Cause and effect.

물이 얕으니까 조심하세요.

Since the water is shallow, be careful.

-니까 (since/because).

얕은 접시에 과일을 담으세요.

Put the fruit on a shallow plate.

Command form.

그는 얕은 지식으로 아는 체를 한다.

He pretends to know a lot with his shallow knowledge.

Metaphorical use for knowledge.

그의 얕은 꾀에 속지 마세요.

Don't be fooled by his shallow tricks.

Idiomatic use of '얕은 꾀'.

생각이 얕으면 실수하기 쉬워요.

If your thoughts are shallow, it's easy to make mistakes.

Conditional -으면.

얕은 잠을 자고 나니 더 피곤해요.

I feel more tired after having a shallow sleep.

-고 나니 (after doing something).

그의 지식은 너무 얕아서 깊은 대화가 힘들어요.

His knowledge is so shallow that deep conversation is difficult.

Adjective describing abstract concept.

얕은 숨을 몰아쉬며 달렸어요.

I ran while gasping shallow breaths.

Present participle usage.

얕은 물도 깊게 보일 때가 있어요.

There are times when even shallow water looks deep.

-ㄹ 때가 있다 (there are times when...).

그 영화는 주제가 너무 얕았어요.

The movie's theme was too shallow.

Past tense '얕았다'.

이 계획은 너무 얕아서 보완이 필요합니다.

This plan is too shallow, so it needs supplementation.

Formal business context.

얕은 지식보다는 깊은 이해가 중요합니다.

Deep understanding is more important than shallow knowledge.

Comparison using -보다.

그의 얕은 수작은 금방 들통나고 말았다.

His shallow tricks were eventually exposed quickly.

-고 말았다 (ended up...).

강의 깊이가 얕아지면 배가 다닐 수 없어요.

If the river's depth becomes shallow, ships cannot pass.

-아/어지다 (to become).

얕은 생각으로 내린 결정이 화를 불렀다.

A decision made with shallow thinking caused trouble.

Abstract noun modification.

그 소설은 인물 묘사가 다소 얕은 느낌이에요.

The character depiction in that novel feels somewhat shallow.

-ㄴ 느낌이다 (feels like...).

얕은 숨소리가 방 안을 채웠다.

The sound of shallow breathing filled the room.

Literary description.

시장 조사가 얕아서 실패할 확률이 높아요.

Because the market research is shallow, the probability of failure is high.

Professional context.

철학적 성찰이 결여된 얕은 지성은 공허할 뿐이다.

Shallow intellect lacking philosophical reflection is merely empty.

Advanced vocabulary and structure.

그의 사과는 진심이 느껴지지 않는 얕은 말뿐이었다.

His apology was just shallow words with no sincerity.

Describing speech/emotions.

표면적인 현상에만 집착하는 얕은 분석을 경계해야 한다.

We must be wary of shallow analysis that only clings to surface phenomena.

Formal warning/exhortation.

얕은 개울이 더 요란하게 소리를 내는 법이다.

It is the rule that shallow brooks make more noise (Empty vessels make the most noise).

Korean proverb/idiom.

그의 정치적 기반은 생각보다 얕은 것으로 드러났다.

His political foundation turned out to be shallower than thought.

-ㄴ 것으로 드러나다 (revealed to be).

얕은 호흡은 불안감을 증폭시킬 수 있습니다.

Shallow breathing can amplify feelings of anxiety.

Technical/Medical context.

작가는 인간의 본성을 얕게 다루는 오류를 범했다.

The author made the error of dealing with human nature shallowly.

Adverbial use '얕게'.

얕은 우정은 작은 시련에도 쉽게 무너진다.

Shallow friendship collapses easily even at small trials.

Philosophical statement.

인간 소외를 다룬 그의 초기작은 다소 얕은 통찰을 보여준다.

His early work dealing with human alienation shows somewhat shallow insights.

Literary criticism.

얕은 수위에 머물러 있던 논의가 비로소 본질로 나아갔다.

The discussion that had stayed at a shallow level finally moved toward the essence.

Metaphorical transition.

그의 학문적 성취는 넓지만 깊이는 얕다는 평가가 지배적이다.

The dominant evaluation is that his academic achievements are broad but shallow in depth.

Complex evaluation.

얕은 잠의 끝에 마주한 현실은 차갑기만 했다.

The reality faced at the end of a shallow sleep was only cold.

Poetic expression.

시대의 아픔을 얕은 감상주의로 풀어내서는 안 된다.

The pain of the era must not be resolved with shallow sentimentalism.

Sociopolitical critique.

얕은 숨을 내쉬며 그는 마지막 유언을 남겼다.

Exhaling a shallow breath, he left his final will.

Narrative climax.

대중의 인기에 영합하는 얕은 전략은 오래가지 못한다.

Shallow strategies that cater to public popularity do not last long.

Formal observation.

얕은 물가에서 노니는 물고기처럼 그의 삶은 평온했다.

Like fish playing in shallow waters, his life was peaceful.

Simile in prose.

よく使う組み合わせ

물이 얕다

잠이 얕다

지식이 얕다

생각이 얕다

숨이 얕다

접시가 얕다

꾀가 얕다

수위가 얕다

뿌리가 얕다

우정이 얕다

よく使うフレーズ

얕은 지식

— Surface-level knowledge about a subject.

얕은 지식은 위험할 수 있다.

얕은 잠

— Light sleep where one is easily disturbed.

밤새 얕은 잠을 잤다.

얕은 꾀

— A simple, transparent trick or scheme.

얕은 꾀를 부리지 마세요.

얕은 숨

— Short, rapid, or non-profound breathing.

환자가 얕은 숨을 내쉬고 있다.

얕은 물가

— The shallow edge of a body of water.

얕은 물가에서 조개를 잡았다.

얕은 생각

— A thought or decision made without deep consideration.

얕은 생각으로 일을 망쳤다.

얕은 개울

— A small, shallow brook or stream.

얕은 개울을 건너갔다.

얕은 수작

— A cheap or obvious attempt to manipulate.

그런 얕은 수작은 안 통해요.

얕은 접시

— A flat plate or platter.

얕은 접시에 담아 주세요.

얕은 우정

— A friendship that lacks depth or commitment.

얕은 우정은 금방 식는다.

よく混同される語

얕다 vs 낮다

낮다 is for height (low), 얕다 is for depth (shallow).

얕다 vs 얇다

얇다 is for thickness (thin), 얕다 is for depth (shallow).

얕다 vs 작다

작다 is for size (small), 얕다 is for depth (shallow).

慣用句と表現

"얕은 개울이 더 요란하다"

— Shallow brooks make the most noise (Knowledgeable people are quiet, while ignorant people talk a lot).

그는 말이 너무 많아, 얕은 개울이 더 요란하다더니.

Proverb

"얕은 꾀를 부리다"

— To use a transparent or petty trick.

얕은 꾀를 부려봤자 소용없다.

Informal

"얕은 수작을 걸다"

— To try a cheap move or manipulation on someone.

나한테 얕은 수작 걸지 마.

Informal/Slang

"얕은 잠을 자다"

— To sleep lightly (used as a fixed expression).

어제는 얕은 잠을 자서 개운하지 않다.

Neutral

"얕은 지식으로 아는 체하다"

— To pretend to be an expert with very little knowledge.

얕은 지식으로 아는 체하는 사람이 제일 싫다.

Neutral

"뿌리 얕은 나무"

— Something with no firm foundation (often used for unstable things).

그 회사는 뿌리 얕은 나무와 같다.

Literary

"얕은 물에 배 띄우기"

— Trying to do something in an impossible or unsuitable situation.

여기서 사업을 하는 건 얕은 물에 배 띄우기다.

Metaphorical

"얕은 생각에 빠지다"

— To be lost in trivial or non-profound thoughts.

잠시 얕은 생각에 빠져 있었다.

Neutral

"얕은 숨을 몰아쉬다"

— To breathe shallowly and quickly due to stress or exertion.

그는 얕은 숨을 몰아쉬며 들어왔다.

Neutral

"얕은 우물을 파다"

— To start many things but finish none (lacking depth in effort).

여러 개를 하지 말고 하나라도 제대로 해, 얕은 우물만 파지 말고.

Metaphorical

間違えやすい

얕다 vs 얇다

Spelling and sound are very similar.

얕다 is depth (3D downward), 얇다 is thickness (2D).

얕은 물 vs 얇은 종이

얕다 vs 낮다

Both mean 'not high/deep'.

낮다 is vertical height from ground up; 얕다 is vertical depth from surface down.

낮은 산 vs 얕은 바다

얕다 vs 적다

Beginners confuse 'little depth' with 'little amount'.

적다 is for quantity; 얕다 is for a specific dimension (depth).

물이 적다 (little water) vs 물이 얕다 (shallow water)

얕다 vs 좁다

Confusing width with depth.

좁다 is for width/space; 얕다 is for depth.

폭이 좁다 vs 물이 얕다

얕다 vs 가볍다

Both can describe sleep.

가볍다 is weight; 얕다 is the standard term for non-deep sleep.

가벼운 가방 vs 얕은 잠

文型パターン

N이/가 얕아요.

물이 얕아요.

얕은 N

얕은 잠을 잤어요.

N이/가 너무 얕아서 V

지식이 너무 얕아서 대화가 안 돼요.

N보다 얕다

이 호수는 저 호수보다 얕아요.

얕은 N일수록 V

얕은 개울일수록 소리가 크다.

N이/가 얕아지다

강물이 얕아졌어요.

얕은 꾀를 부리다

그는 얕은 꾀를 부렸다.

얕은 통찰

그의 통찰은 얕은 수준에 머물렀다.

語族

名詞

얕음 Shallowness (the state of being shallow)

動詞

얕보다 To look down on, to underestimate, to despise (literally 'to see shallowly')

얕아지다 To become shallow

形容詞

얕디얕다 Very, very shallow (emphatic form)

使い方

frequency

Common in daily life, especially regarding safety (water) and health (sleep).

よくある間違い

물이 낮아요. → 물이 얕아요.
Water depth uses 얕다, not 낮다.
종이가 얕아요. → 종이가 얇아요.
Paper thickness uses 얇다, not 얕다.
키가 얕아요. → 키가 작아요.
Person's height uses 작다.
잠을 얕게 했어요. → 잠이 얕았어요.
Sleep depth is an adjective state '잠이 얕다'.
얕은 지식을 먹었어요. → 얕은 지식을 가졌어요.
You 'have' or 'show' shallow knowledge, not 'eat' it.

ヒント

Beach Safety

Always check if the '물이 얕다' before letting kids swim. It's the most practical use of the word.

Spelling Alert

Double check the bottom consonant. ㅌ is for 얕다 (depth), ㄼ is for 얇다 (thin).

Sleep Talk

If you are tired, tell your Korean friends '어제 잠이 얕았어요'. They will immediately understand you didn't rest well.

Intellectual Depth

Avoid calling a teacher's knowledge '얕다' unless you want to be very rude!

Modifier Form

Master '얕은' as it is used more frequently than the sentence-ending form in literature.

Context Clues

If you hear 'ya-ta', look for water or a plate nearby; context confirms the meaning.

Tense Consonants

The 'd' in 얕다 becomes a 'tt' sound. Say 'yat-ta'.

Proverb Power

Use '얕은 개울이 더 요란하다' in an essay to show advanced proficiency.

Depth vs Height

Always visualize: Down = 얕다/깊다. Up = 낮다/높다.

Valleys

In Korean valleys (계곡), water depth changes fast. Use '얕다' to find safe spots.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of a 'Yacht' (얕) that can only sail in 'Shallow' water. If the water isn't deep enough for a big ship, you need a small 얕(Yacht).

視覚的連想

Visualize a small child standing in a river where the water only touches their ankles. The water is '얕다'.

Word Web

Water Sleep Knowledge Breathing Plate Trick Stream Pool

チャレンジ

Try to use '얕다' in three different ways today: once for water, once for your sleep last night, and once for a simple idea.

語源

Derived from Middle Korean '얕다', which has maintained the same meaning of 'not deep' for centuries.

元の意味： Physical shallowness of water or depth.

Koreanic

文化的な背景

Calling someone's '지식' (knowledge) or '생각' (thought) '얕다' is an insult. It implies they are unintelligent or thoughtless.

English speakers use 'shallow' similarly, but 'light sleep' is more common in English than 'shallow sleep,' though both are understood.

The phrase '얕은 개울이 더 요란하다' is the Korean equivalent of 'Empty vessels make the most noise.' K-Dramas often feature a '얕은 수작' (shallow trick) by a second-lead character. Traditional Korean poetry (Sijo) often contrasts shallow streams with deep oceans to represent human emotions.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

At the beach

물이 얕아요
얕은 곳에서 놀자
수위가 얕다
발목까지 오는 얕은 물

Discussing health

잠이 얕아요
숨이 얕아요
얕은 호흡
잠이 얕아서 피곤해요

Criticizing someone

생각이 얕다
지식이 얕다
얕은 꾀를 부리다
얕은 수작

Cooking/Dining

얕은 그릇
접시가 얕다
얕은 냄비
얕은 수저

Nature/Geology

얕은 개울
얕은 뿌리
얕은 진원
얕은 연못

会話のきっかけ

"어제 잠이 얕아서 너무 피곤한데, 좋은 방법이 있을까요?"

"이 근처에 아이들이 놀기에 물이 얕은 곳이 어디인가요?"

"그 영화 보셨어요? 저는 주제가 좀 얕다고 생각했어요."

"요즘 제 지식이 너무 얕은 것 같아서 공부를 시작했어요."

"이 그릇은 너무 얕아서 국물을 담기 불편하지 않을까요?"

日記のテーマ

오늘 나의 잠은 깊었나요, 아니면 얕았나요? 그 이유는 무엇인가요?

내가 최근에 '얕은 지식'만 가지고 있다고 느낀 분야는 무엇인가요?

누군가의 '얕은 꾀'를 알아챘던 경험에 대해 써 보세요.

얕은 물에서 놀던 어린 시절의 추억이 있나요?

생각이 얕아서 실수했던 경험과 그를 통해 배운 점은 무엇인가요?

よくある質問

10 問

No, 얕다 is only for depth. For a person's height, use 키가 작다 (short) or 키가 낮다 is also incorrect for people.

얕다 is common and can be used for physical and abstract things. 피상적이다 is formal and only used for abstract things like analysis or thoughts.

Not always. For water, it can be positive (safe for children). For sleep or knowledge, it is usually negative.

It is pronounced as 'ya-ta-yo'. The ㅌ sound moves to the next syllable.

No, for a thin book use 얇다. 얕다 is only for depth, like a shallow container.

The opposite is 깊다 (gipda), meaning deep.

It's rare. Usually, 연하다 (light/pale) is used for colors. 얕다 is strictly for depth.

It is used in everyday language, but in medical contexts, doctors might use '수면의 질이 낮다' or '얕은 수면'.

Because shallow water hitting rocks makes more noise than deep, still water. It's a metaphor for people who talk a lot but know little.

No, you must say '생각이 얕다' or '생각이 깊지 않다'.

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