퇴장하다 30秒で
- 퇴장하다 means to exit a venue or event.
- It can also mean to be ejected or sent off.
- Common in sports, theaters, and formal announcements.
- Distinguish from general '나가다' (to go out).
- Core Meaning
- The Korean verb '퇴장하다' (toe-jang-ha-da) literally means to leave a place, to exit, or to withdraw from a location. It is commonly used when referring to departing from a specific venue, event, or setting, often with a sense of finality or a formal departure.
- Contexts
- This verb is frequently encountered in situations involving public spaces, events, or performances. For instance, when an audience member leaves a movie theater, a concert hall, or a sports stadium, they are said to '퇴장하다'. It can also be used in more general contexts of leaving a place, such as exiting a building or a room, though more casual verbs might be preferred in everyday informal conversations. In formal settings, like official meetings or ceremonies, it signifies a formal departure from the proceedings.
- Nuances
- While it can be a neutral term for leaving, '퇴장하다' can sometimes carry a slightly more formal or even a negative connotation, especially when referring to being asked to leave a place due to misconduct or breaking rules, similar to being 'ejected' or 'sent off'. For example, in sports, a player who commits a serious foul might be told to '퇴장하다' from the field. The context is crucial in understanding the exact nuance. It implies a physical act of leaving a defined space.
- Examples of Use
- You might hear it in announcements at a theater: '상영이 끝나면 조용히 퇴장해 주시기 바랍니다.' (When the screening ends, please exit quietly.) Or in news reports about a sporting event: '선수가 퇴장당했다.' (The player was sent off.) In a more general sense, you could say: '관객들이 공연장에서 퇴장했습니다.' (The audience members exited the performance hall.) It's a versatile verb for describing the act of leaving a specific location.
이따가 회의가 끝나면 바로 퇴장하다.
- Basic Structure
- The verb '퇴장하다' follows standard Korean verb conjugation. The basic form is '퇴장하다'. In the present tense, it often appears as '퇴장합니다' (formal polite), '퇴장해요' (informal polite), or '퇴장한다' (plain form). In the past tense, it becomes '퇴장했습니다', '퇴장했어요', or '퇴장했다'. The future tense can be expressed with '퇴장할 것입니다', '퇴장할 거예요', or '퇴장할 것이다'.
- Subject and Object
- '퇴장하다' is an intransitive verb, meaning it does not take a direct object. The subject of the sentence is the person or entity that is exiting. You might use particles like '은/는' (eun/neun) or '이/가' (i/ga) to mark the subject. For example, '관객은 퇴장했습니다.' (The audience member exited.)
- Location Markers
- When specifying the place from which someone is exiting, you would use location particles such as '에서' (e-seo) or '으로부터' (eu-ro-bu-teo). '에서' is generally used for the place where an action occurs, including exiting. For instance, '경기장에서 퇴장했다.' (He exited from the stadium.)
- Contextual Sentences
- Here are some examples illustrating its usage:
축구 경기에서 규칙을 어겨서 선수 두 명이 퇴장했습니다.
Two players exited (were sent off) the soccer match for breaking the rules. 공연이 끝나자마자 관객들은 서둘러 퇴장하기 시작했습니다.
As soon as the performance ended, the audience members began to exit in a hurry. 부득이한 사정으로 먼저 퇴장해야 할 것 같습니다.
Due to unavoidable circumstances, I think I will have to leave first. - Formal vs. Informal
- In formal settings like official announcements or written reports, '퇴장합니다' or '퇴장하였습니다' is common. In everyday polite conversation, '퇴장해요' or '퇴장했어요' is used. When speaking casually with close friends, the plain form '퇴장해' (imperative) or '퇴장했어' (past) might be used, but more casual verbs are often preferred in such contexts.
- Sports Commentary
- One of the most common places to hear '퇴장하다' is in sports. When a player receives a red card and is sent off the field, commentators will say the player '퇴장당했다' (was made to exit/was ejected). This is a direct application of the word's meaning of being forced to leave a specific area due to a violation. For example, in a soccer or basketball game, if a player commits a severe foul, they will be instructed to '퇴장하다'.
심판이 파울을 범한 선수에게 옐로카드 두 장을 주고 퇴장하라고 명령했습니다.
The referee gave the player who committed the foul two yellow cards and ordered him to exit. - Event Announcements
- At theaters, concert halls, movie theaters, or any large public event, you might hear announcements instructing people on how to exit. For instance, after a performance or movie, an announcement might say: '모든 관객께서는 질서를 유지하며 퇴장해 주시기 바랍니다.' (All audience members, please exit while maintaining order.) This usage emphasizes the orderly departure from a venue.
공연이 끝나면 안전 요원의 안내에 따라 퇴장하시면 됩니다.
After the performance, you can exit following the guidance of the safety personnel. - Formal Settings and News
- In news reports, especially those concerning incidents or formal proceedings, '퇴장하다' might be used. For example, if a politician walks out of a parliamentary session or a witness is asked to leave a courtroom, it could be described as '퇴장했다'. It adds a touch of formality and precision to the description of leaving a specific, often official, location.
회의 중에 소란을 피운 참가자는 즉시 퇴장당했습니다.
A participant who caused a disturbance during the meeting was immediately made to exit. - General Departure from Places
- While less common in very casual conversation compared to '나가다', '퇴장하다' can be used to describe leaving a building or a specific area, especially if the context implies a structured environment or a formal departure. For instance, if you are leaving a library after your study session or exiting a museum, you might use '퇴장하다' if you want to sound a bit more formal or precise about leaving the premises.
박물관 폐장 시간이 되어 관람객들이 퇴장하기 시작했습니다.
As the museum's closing time approached, visitors began to exit.
- Confusing with '나가다' (nagada)
- A common mistake for learners is to use '퇴장하다' interchangeably with '나가다' in all situations. While both mean 'to go out' or 'to leave', '나가다' is a more general term for leaving a place, like leaving a house or a room. '퇴장하다' is more specific to exiting a defined venue, event, or being officially asked to leave. For example, you would say '집에서 나가다' (to leave home), not '집에서 퇴장하다'. However, you would say '경기장에서 퇴장하다' (to exit the stadium), not '경기장에서 나가다' if you want to emphasize the formal exit from the event.
Incorrect:
저는 지금 집에서 퇴장합니다.
Correct:
저는 지금 집에서 나갑니다.
- Overusing '퇴장하다' in Informal Settings
- '퇴장하다' can sound overly formal or even a bit stiff in casual conversations. If you are just leaving a friend's house or a casual gathering, using '나가다' or '가다' (gada - to go) is much more natural. Using '퇴장하다' in such contexts might sound like you are treating the situation as a formal event or being ejected.
Incorrect (in casual context):
친구 집에 들렀다가 재미있어서 더 있다가 퇴장했어요.
Correct (in casual context):
친구 집에 들렀다가 재미있어서 더 있다가 나갔어요.
- Misunderstanding the 'ejected' connotation
- While '퇴장하다' can mean to be ejected or sent off, it's not always the case. Learners might incorrectly assume it always carries a negative or forced departure meaning. In many contexts, it's simply a neutral term for exiting a venue. For example, '관객들이 공연장에서 퇴장했습니다' (The audience exited the performance hall) is a neutral statement. The passive form '퇴장당하다' (toe-jang-dang-ha-da) is what more strongly conveys the meaning of being forced out or ejected.
Incorrect interpretation:
모든 사람이 영화관에서 퇴장당했다.
Correct interpretation:
모든 사람이 영화관에서 퇴장했습니다. (Neutral exit)
규칙을 어긴 사람이 영화관에서 퇴장당했습니다. (Ejected due to rule-breaking)
- Incorrect conjugation
- Like any verb, '퇴장하다' can be subject to conjugation errors. Learners might struggle with the correct past tense or future tense forms. Always ensure you are using the appropriate endings based on the tense and politeness level required. Forgetting the '하' in the stem or incorrectly attaching endings can lead to errors.
Incorrect conjugation:
저는 어제 경기장에서 퇴장했어요.
Correct conjugation:
저는 어제 경기장에서 퇴장했습니다.
- 나가다 (nagada)
- Meaning: To go out, to leave, to exit.
Comparison: This is the most general and frequently used verb for leaving a place. It can be used for leaving home, a room, a building, or even a city. '퇴장하다' is more specific to exiting a defined venue or event, often with a sense of formality or being asked to leave.
Usage: Use '나가다' for everyday departures. Use '퇴장하다' for formal exits from events or when being ejected.
Example:
나가다: 저는 지금 집에서 나갑니다. (I am leaving home now.)
퇴장하다: 관객들은 공연장에서 퇴장했습니다. (The audience exited the performance hall.) - 떠나다 (tteonada)
- Meaning: To leave, to depart, to bid farewell.
Comparison: '떠나다' often implies leaving a place with the intention of going somewhere else, or leaving a person or situation behind. It can also refer to departing from a long-term location like a city or country. It carries a sense of separation. '퇴장하다' is strictly about exiting a specific venue or event.
Usage: Use '떠나다' when leaving a place permanently or for a significant period, or when saying goodbye.
Example:
떠나다: 그는 고향을 떠나 서울로 갔다. (He left his hometown and went to Seoul.)
퇴장하다: 선수들은 경기가 끝나자마자 경기장을 퇴장했습니다. (As soon as the game ended, the players exited the stadium.) - 물러나다 (mulleonada)
- Meaning: To step down, to withdraw, to retire, to retreat.
Comparison: '물러나다' implies withdrawing from a position, role, or a challenging situation. It often suggests yielding or stepping aside. While it involves leaving a certain state or position, it's not about physically exiting a venue in the same way '퇴장하다' is. It can be used for political leaders stepping down or someone retreating from a difficult situation.
Usage: Use '물러나다' when someone is relinquishing a position or stepping back from a role or conflict.
Example:
물러나다: 회사가 어려워지자 사장이 자리에서 물러났다. (As the company faced difficulties, the president stepped down from his position.)
퇴장하다: 소음 때문에 우리는 조용히 극장에서 퇴장했다. (Because of the noise, we quietly exited the theater.) - 벗어나다 (beoseonada)
- Meaning: To escape, to get out of, to break free from.
Comparison: '벗어나다' is about breaking free from a restrictive situation, a bad habit, or a difficult environment. It implies liberation or overcoming a constraint. '퇴장하다' is about the physical act of exiting a place, not necessarily escaping from something abstract or restrictive.
Usage: Use '벗어나다' when someone is trying to get away from a negative situation or a constraint.
Example:
벗어나다: 그는 나쁜 친구들로부터 벗어나고 싶어 했다. (He wanted to break free from bad friends.)
퇴장하다: 위험한 상황이라 모두 경기장에서 퇴장했습니다. (It was a dangerous situation, so everyone exited the field.) - 제명되다 (jemyeongdoeda) / 축출되다 (chukchuldoeda)
- Meaning: To be expelled, to be dismissed, to be kicked out.
Comparison: These are passive verbs that specifically refer to being forcibly removed from a group, organization, or place due to misconduct or violation of rules. '퇴장당하다' (toe-jang-dang-ha-da), the passive form of '퇴장하다', is very similar and often used in the context of sports or events. '제명되다' and '축출되다' are more general terms for expulsion from organizations like clubs or companies.
Usage: Use these when someone is officially expelled or removed.
Example:
제명되다: 그는 클럽의 규정을 위반하여 제명되었다. (He was expelled from the club for violating its rules.)
퇴장당하다: 경기장에서 규칙을 어겨서 그는 퇴장당했다. (He was ejected from the game for breaking the rules.)
How Formal Is It?
豆知識
The concept of '퇴장' is deeply embedded in Korean culture, especially in public gatherings and events. The term's formality reflects the importance placed on order and respect within shared spaces. In traditional Korean theater, performers might formally '퇴장' at the end of a scene, signaling a clear transition.
発音ガイド
- Not aspirating the 'ㅌ' and 'ㅈ' sounds, making them sound like 'd' or 'j'.
- Pronouncing the 'ㅚ' sound as a simple 'e' or 'o'.
- Omitting the 'h' sound in '하다'.
難易度
Understanding '퇴장하다' in reading requires recognizing its context, especially differentiating between a simple exit and an ejection. Texts discussing sports, events, or formal procedures will use it frequently. CEFR B1 level learners should be able to comprehend its basic meaning and common uses.
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Passive voice with '당하다' (e.g., 퇴장당하다)
규칙을 어겨서 그는 경기장에서 퇴장당했습니다. (He was ejected from the game for breaking the rules.)
Causative voice with '시키다' (e.g., 퇴장시키다)
심판은 반칙을 한 선수를 퇴장시켰습니다. (The referee ejected the player who committed a foul.)
Noun form with '하다' (e.g., 퇴장하다)
그는 경기장에서 퇴장했습니다. (He exited the field.)
Noun form as a subject/object (e.g., 퇴장)
그의 퇴장은 많은 논란을 불러일으켰다. (His exit caused much controversy.)
Using honorifics with '퇴장하다'
귀빈께서는 먼저 퇴장하셨습니다. (The distinguished guest exited first. - using honorific verb '-하시다')
レベル別の例文
안녕히 가세요.
This is a common farewell, but doesn't use '퇴장하다'. Think of a simple exit from a small place.
Simple present tense, polite ending.
저는 나갈 거예요.
This means 'I will go out'. How can you make it more specific to leaving a venue?
Future tense using '-ㄹ 거예요'.
문으로 나가세요.
This means 'Go out through the door'. How can you use '퇴장하다' for a place like a theater?
Imperative form, polite ending.
곧 끝나요.
This means 'It ends soon'. What do people do when an event ends?
Simple present tense.
다 봤어요.
This means 'I've seen it all'. What do you do after seeing something?
Past tense of '보다' (to see).
나갈 시간이에요.
This means 'It's time to go out'. How can you specify leaving a specific place like a hall?
Noun + '이에요'.
안녕히 계세요.
This is another farewell. Think about leaving a place like a shop.
Common farewell phrase.
이제 가요.
This means 'I'm going now'. How can you make it more formal for leaving a venue?
Present tense of '가다' (to go).
공연이 끝나서 사람들이 밖으로 나갔어요.
This means 'The performance ended, so people went outside'. How can you use '퇴장하다' for a specific venue?
Past tense of '나가다'.
영화가 끝나면 모두 영화관에서 나가야 해요.
This means 'When the movie ends, everyone must leave the cinema'. How can you use '퇴장하다' here?
Obligation using '-아/어야 해요'.
경기 규칙을 어겨서 선수가 경기장에서 나갔어요.
This means 'The player left the field because they broke the game rules'. How can you make it sound like they were removed?
Past tense of '나가다'.
사람들이 공연장에서 조용히 나왔어요.
This means 'People came out of the performance hall quietly'. How can you use '퇴장하다' for exiting?
Past tense of '나오다' (to come out).
더 이상 기다릴 수 없어서 방에서 나왔어요.
This means 'I couldn't wait any longer, so I came out of the room'. How can you use '퇴장하다' for a formal exit from a place?
Past tense of '나오다'.
학교 행사가 끝나서 학생들이 학교 밖으로 나갔어요.
This means 'The school event ended, so students went out of the school'. How can you use '퇴장하다' for exiting a school event venue?
Past tense of '나가다'.
안내에 따라 건물을 나갔습니다.
This means 'I left the building according to the guide'. How can you use '퇴장하다' for a formal exit?
Formal polite past tense of '나가다'.
회의가 끝나서 참석자들이 회의실을 나갔어요.
This means 'The meeting ended, so the attendees left the meeting room'. How can you use '퇴장하다' for exiting a meeting room?
Past tense of '나가다'.
경기가 끝나자마자 선수들은 경기장을 퇴장했습니다.
This means 'As soon as the game ended, the players exited the field'. This is a direct and common use of '퇴장하다'.
Past tense, formal polite.
안전상의 이유로 모든 관객은 즉시 퇴장해야 했습니다.
This means 'For safety reasons, all audience members had to exit immediately'. This implies a necessary departure from a venue.
Past tense of obligation using '-아/어야 했어요'.
그는 규칙을 어겨서 심판에 의해 퇴장당했습니다.
This means 'He was ejected by the referee for breaking the rules'. This uses the passive form '퇴장당하다' to indicate being forced out.
Passive past tense of '퇴장하다'.
공연이 끝나고 관객들이 질서 있게 퇴장하기 시작했습니다.
This means 'After the performance ended, the audience members began to exit in an orderly manner'. This describes a common scenario at events.
Gerund form '-기' used with '시작하다'.
갑작스러운 화재 경보로 인해 모든 사람이 건물에서 퇴장했습니다.
This means 'Due to a sudden fire alarm, everyone exited the building'. This emphasizes exiting a building due to an emergency.
Past tense, formal polite.
저는 부득이한 사정으로 회의에서 먼저 퇴장해야 했습니다.
This means 'I had to leave the meeting early due to unavoidable circumstances'. This shows a personal, formal departure from a meeting.
Past tense of obligation using '-아/어야 했어요'.
이 영화관은 특별한 좌석이 있어서 사람들이 퇴장할 때 특별한 경험을 합니다.
This sentence is a bit tricky. It implies exiting the theater, but the focus is on the 'special experience' of exiting. Try to make it about the act of exiting itself.
Future tense modifier form '-ㄹ'.
경기장에서 소란을 피운 관중은 즉시 퇴장당했습니다.
This means 'The spectator who caused a disturbance in the stadium was immediately ejected'. This is a clear example of being removed from a venue.
Passive past tense of '퇴장하다'.
극장 측은 허가 없이 촬영하는 관객에게 퇴장할 것을 통보했습니다.
This means 'The theater management informed the audience members who were filming without permission that they would have to exit'. This is a formal notification of departure.
Future tense modifier form '-ㄹ' used with a noun clause.
이 역사적인 건물은 보존을 위해 일반인의 출입을 제한하고, 특정 구역에서만 퇴장이 가능합니다.
This sentence is complex. It talks about restricted access and exit from specific areas. The core idea is exiting a designated zone.
Noun form '-이' used with '가능합니다'.
경기 중에 발생한 심각한 반칙으로 인해 그는 경기장으로부터 퇴장당할 위기에 처했다.
This means 'Due to a serious foul during the game, he was on the verge of being ejected from the field'. This expresses a potential expulsion.
Future passive form '-당할' used with '위기에 처했다'.
축제 기간 동안 많은 인파가 몰려들어 안전을 위해 순차적으로 퇴장하도록 안내되었습니다.
This means 'During the festival, a large crowd gathered, and they were guided to exit sequentially for safety'. This shows a managed exit from a crowded event.
Indirect command/suggestion form '-도록'.
만약 당신이 규정을 위반한다면, 우리는 당신을 이 장소에서 퇴장시킬 수밖에 없습니다.
This means 'If you violate the regulations, we have no choice but to make you exit this place'. This is a direct statement of forceful removal.
Causative form '-시키다' used with the future tense modifier '-ㄹ'.
콘서트가 끝나자마자 팬들은 열광적으로 함성을 지르며 공연장을 퇴장했다.
This means 'As soon as the concert ended, the fans excitedly cheered and exited the venue'. This describes an exit filled with emotion.
Past tense, plain form.
회의에서 발언 기회를 얻지 못한 야당 의원들이 집단으로 퇴장하는 사태가 벌어졌다.
This means 'A situation occurred where opposition party members, who did not get a chance to speak in the meeting, collectively exited'. This describes a political protest exit.
Present tense modifier form '-는' used with '사태가 벌어졌다'.
이 전시회는 매우 인기가 많아서 관람객들이 입장 후에도 퇴장하지 않고 오래 머물렀다.
This means 'This exhibition is very popular, so even after entering, visitors stayed for a long time without exiting'. This contrasts staying with exiting.
Negative verb form '-지 않다'.
극장 측은 무단으로 촬영하는 관객에게 즉각적인 퇴장 조치를 취할 것이라고 공지했다.
This means 'The theater management announced that they would take immediate measures for the exit of audience members filming without permission'. This uses '퇴장' as a noun phrase denoting the action of exiting.
Noun form '-이' used with '조치를 취하다'.
경기 규정상 레드카드를 받은 선수는 즉시 경기장에서 퇴장되어야 한다.
This means 'According to game regulations, a player who receives a red card must be immediately ejected from the field'. This is a strong statement of obligation using the passive voice.
Passive modal verb '-되어야 한다'.
안전상의 이유로 공연 시작 전에도 일부 관객들의 퇴장이 불가피했다.
This means 'For safety reasons, the exit of some audience members was unavoidable even before the performance began'. This uses '퇴장' as a noun, indicating the necessity of leaving.
Noun form '-이' used with '불가피했다'.
정치적 시위로 인해 수십 명의 시위대가 의회 건물에서 축출되었습니다.
This means 'Dozens of protesters were expelled from the parliament building due to political demonstrations'. While '축출되다' is used here, consider how '퇴장당하다' could be used in a similar context for a venue.
Passive past tense of '축출되다'.
이 연극은 관객 참여를 유도하는 독특한 구조를 가지고 있어, 일부 관객은 예상치 못한 순간에 퇴장당하는 경험을 할 수도 있습니다.
This means 'This play has a unique structure that encourages audience participation, so some audience members might experience being ejected at unexpected moments'. This describes a theatrical element involving audience removal.
Passive present tense modifier form '-당하는' used with '경험을 할 수도 있습니다'.
회의 참석자들은 각자의 의견을 개진한 후, 정해진 절차에 따라 순차적으로 퇴장했습니다.
This means 'After presenting their opinions, the meeting attendees exited sequentially according to the established procedures'. This describes a formal, procedural departure.
Past tense, formal polite.
전염병 확산 방지를 위해 해당 구역에서 모든 인원의 퇴장이 명령되었습니다.
This means 'To prevent the spread of the epidemic, the exit of all personnel from the area was ordered'. This uses '퇴장' as a noun for a mandatory evacuation.
Noun form '-이' used with '명령되었습니다'.
그는 자신의 결백을 주장하며 법정에서 퇴장하겠다고 선언했다.
This means 'He declared that he would exit the courtroom, asserting his innocence'. This shows a defiant exit from a formal setting.
Future tense declarative form '-겠다고 선언했다'.
극장 측은 무단 촬영에 대한 엄격한 단속을 예고하며, 위반 시 즉각적인 퇴장 조치를 취할 것임을 분명히 했다.
This means 'The theater management clearly stated that they would take immediate exit measures for violations, signaling strict crackdowns on unauthorized filming'. This uses '퇴장' as a noun in a formal, legalistic context.
Noun form '-이' used with '조치를 취할 것임을 분명히 했다'.
경기 중 발생한 비신사적인 행위로 인해 그는 심판진의 결정에 따라 경기장으로부터 퇴장당하기에 이르렀다.
This means 'Due to unsportsmanlike conduct during the game, he ended up being ejected from the field according to the referee's decision'. This uses the passive form with a more literary ending for consequence.
Passive form '-당하기' used with '이르렀다'.
전염병 확산 방지를 위한 특단의 조치로, 특정 구역 내 모든 인원의 즉각적인 퇴장 명령이 하달되었다.
This means 'As a special measure to prevent the spread of the epidemic, an order for the immediate exit of all personnel within a specific zone was issued'. This uses '퇴장' as a noun with strong official wording.
Noun form '-이' used with '명령이 하달되었다'.
축제 폐막과 함께, 수십만 명의 관람객이 질서 정연하게 행사장으로부터 퇴장하는 장관을 연출했다.
This means 'With the closing of the festival, hundreds of thousands of spectators created a spectacle by orderly exiting the event grounds'. This describes a large-scale, organized exit.
Present tense modifier form '-는' used with '장관을 연출했다'.
그는 자신의 주장을 관철하기 위해, 법정에서의 모든 증언을 거부하고 퇴장하겠다는 의사를 분명히 밝혔다.
This means 'To assert his claims, he clearly stated his intention to exit, refusing all testimony in the courtroom'. This shows a deliberate and firm decision to leave.
Future tense declarative form '-겠다고 하는 의사를 분명히 밝혔다'.
정치적 격변 속에서, 다수의 의원들이 의회 회의장에서 집단적으로 퇴장하는 초유의 사태가 발생했다.
This means 'Amidst political upheaval, an unprecedented situation occurred where a number of lawmakers collectively exited the parliament meeting hall'. This describes a significant political event involving a mass departure.
Present tense modifier form '-는' used with '초유의 사태가 발생했다'.
예상치 못한 무대 연출로 인해, 일부 관객들은 극의 전개상 퇴장당하는 듯한 경험을 하게 되었다.
This means 'Due to unexpected stage directing, some audience members had an experience as if they were being ejected as part of the play's development'. This describes a theatrical effect where audience members feel they are being removed.
Passive form '-당하는' used with '경험을 하게 되었다'.
이 지역은 현재 전염병 확산 방지를 위한 격리 조치로 인해 모든 외부인의 퇴장이 금지되어 있습니다.
This means 'This area is currently under quarantine measures to prevent the spread of the epidemic, so the exit of all outsiders is prohibited'. This uses '퇴장' as a noun in a context of restriction.
Noun form '-이' used with '금지되어 있습니다'.
よく使う組み合わせ
よく使うフレーズ
— Please exit / Please leave (polite imperative).
모든 관객께서는 퇴장하세요.
— Exited / Left (past tense, polite).
그는 경기장에서 퇴장했습니다.
— Have to exit / Must leave (obligation).
안전 때문에 퇴장해야 해요.
— Will exit / Will leave (future tense).
회의가 끝나면 퇴장할 거예요.
— Was ejected / Was made to leave (passive past tense).
규칙 위반으로 퇴장당했어요.
— Am in the process of exiting / Am leaving now.
현재 퇴장하는 중입니다.
— Cannot exit / Cannot leave.
이 구역에서는 퇴장할 수 없습니다.
— Exit guidance / Information about leaving.
퇴장 안내를 잘 따라주시기 바랍니다.
— Exit time / Time to leave.
퇴장 시간은 9시입니다.
— No exiting / Exit prohibited.
이 구역은 퇴장 금지입니다.
よく混同される語
'나가다' is a general verb for 'to go out' or 'to leave'. '퇴장하다' is more specific to exiting a defined venue or event, often with a formal or disciplinary implication. You '나가다' from home, but '퇴장하다' from a stadium.
'떠나다' means to leave, depart, or bid farewell, often implying leaving a place for a longer duration or a new destination. '퇴장하다' is specifically about exiting a current location or event.
'물러나다' means to step down from a position or withdraw from a situation, rather than physically exiting a venue.
慣用句と表現
— To storm out of a place in anger, slamming the door. It emphasizes a dramatic and angry exit.
그는 화가 나서 문을 박차고 퇴장했다.
Informal, dramatic— To leave secretly or discreetly, often to avoid attention or confrontation. Similar to sneaking out.
사건이 커지기 전에 그는 뒷문으로 퇴장했다.
Informal, secretive— To be the last one to leave a place, often implying a sense of responsibility or finality.
모든 사람이 떠난 후에도 그는 마지막으로 퇴장했다.
Neutral, descriptive— To leave secretly or without being noticed. Similar to '뒷문으로 퇴장하다' but more general.
그녀는 아무도 모르게 몰래 퇴장했다.
Informal, secretive— To leave in a hurry, often due to urgency or panic.
비상벨이 울리자 사람들은 황급히 퇴장했다.
Neutral, descriptive— To leave with confidence and dignity, often after achieving something or making a strong statement.
승리를 거머쥔 팀은 당당하게 퇴장했다.
Neutral, descriptive— To leave feeling lonely or disappointed, often after a failure or a sad event.
경기에 패한 선수는 쓸쓸히 퇴장했다.
Neutral, descriptive— To leave to the sound of applause, indicating appreciation or success.
훌륭한 공연을 마친 배우는 박수갈채를 받으며 퇴장했다.
Formal, appreciative— To leave without saying anything, often implying sadness, resignation, or disagreement.
그는 아무 말도 없이 침묵 속에 퇴장했다.
Neutral, descriptive— A memorable or significant exit, often marking the end of an era or a career.
그의 마지막 경기에서의 퇴장은 기념비적인 순간이었다.
Formal, descriptive間違えやすい
Both mean to leave a place.
'나가다' is general, like leaving a house. '퇴장하다' is specific to exiting a venue like a stadium or theater, or being ejected. You '나가다' from home, but you '퇴장하다' from a concert.
집에서 나가다 vs. 콘서트장에서 퇴장하다.
Both involve leaving.
'떠나다' implies departing for a longer period or a new destination, like leaving a city. '퇴장하다' is about exiting the current event or venue.
고향을 떠나다 vs. 경기장에서 퇴장하다.
Both involve moving away from something.
'물러나다' means to step down from a position or role, often due to pressure or retirement. '퇴장하다' is a physical exit from a place.
사장이 물러나다 vs. 선수가 경기장에서 퇴장하다.
Both relate to exiting/being removed.
'퇴장하다' is to exit (can be voluntary or forced). '퇴장당하다' is specifically to be ejected or forcibly removed, usually due to rules violation.
경기장에서 퇴장하다 (I exited the field) vs. 경기장에서 퇴장당하다 (I was ejected from the field).
Both relate to movement in and out of places.
'출입하다' means to enter and exit, often used for places with controlled access like buildings or facilities. '퇴장하다' is solely about the act of exiting a specific venue or event.
이 건물은 24시간 출입이 가능합니다. (This building can be entered and exited 24 hours.) vs. 공연이 끝나면 퇴장해 주세요. (Please exit after the performance ends.)
文型パターン
Noun + 이/가 + Location + 에서 + 퇴장하다.
사람들이 공연장에서 퇴장했어요.
Subject + Reason + (으)로 + 퇴장당하다.
선수는 파울로 인해 퇴장당했습니다.
Event + 이/가 + 끝나다 + (으)ㄴ 후 + Subject + Location + 에서 + 퇴장하다.
경기가 끝난 후 선수들은 경기장에서 퇴장했습니다.
Subject + Location + 에서 + 퇴장하다 + -도록 + 안내받다/하다.
관객들은 안전하게 퇴장하도록 안내받았습니다.
Subject + Location + 에서 + 퇴장하다 + -는 + 것.
그의 퇴장은 예상치 못했다.
Subject + Location + 에서 + 퇴장 + 조치/명령.
극장 측은 즉각적인 퇴장 조치를 취했습니다.
Subject + Location + 에서 + 퇴장 + 이/가 + 불가피하다.
안전상의 이유로 퇴장이 불가피했습니다.
Subject + Location + 에서 + 퇴장 + -는 + 것을 + 금지하다/명령하다.
이 구역에서의 퇴장은 엄격히 금지됩니다.
語族
名詞
動詞
関連
使い方
Common, especially in contexts of sports, events, and formal announcements.
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Using '퇴장하다' for leaving home.
→
Using '나가다' for leaving home.
'퇴장하다' is for exiting specific venues or events, not general departures from private residences. For home, '나가다' is the correct and natural verb.
-
Confusing '퇴장하다' (to exit) with '퇴장당하다' (to be ejected).
→
Using '퇴장하다' for voluntary exits and '퇴장당하다' for forced exits.
'퇴장하다' can be neutral, but '퇴장당하다' specifically means being removed, usually due to rule violations. The passive form is crucial for conveying ejection.
-
Using '퇴장하다' in very informal, casual conversations.
→
Using more casual verbs like '나가다' or '나오다' in informal settings.
'퇴장하다' has a formal nuance. In casual chats, it can sound stiff or overly serious. For example, saying '나 그냥 나갈게' (I'll just leave) is more natural than '나 그냥 퇴장할게'.
-
Incorrect conjugation of '퇴장하다'.
→
Using correct verb endings for tense and politeness.
Like any verb, '퇴장하다' needs correct conjugation. Common errors include mixing up past tense endings or not applying the '하다' stem correctly.
-
Using '퇴장하다' when '떠나다' or '물러나다' would be more appropriate.
→
Using '떠나다' for departing a place for a longer time or '물러나다' for stepping down from a position.
'퇴장하다' is about exiting a current venue. '떠나다' implies a more significant departure, and '물러나다' relates to relinquishing a role, not physically exiting a space.
ヒント
Venue Specificity
Remember that '퇴장하다' is best used when exiting a defined venue or event. For general departures from home or a room, '나가다' is more common. Think 'stadium exit' for '퇴장하다'.
Passive Voice for Ejection
To emphasize being forced out or ejected, use the passive form '퇴장당하다'. This is very common in sports and disciplinary situations.
Formal vs. Informal
'퇴장하다' leans towards the formal side. While it can be used in casual conversation, be mindful that '나가다' is often more natural for everyday exits.
Aspiration is Key
Pay attention to the aspirated 'ㅌ' and 'ㅈ' sounds in '퇴장하다'. Practicing these sounds will make your pronunciation clearer and more native-like.
Visual Association
Imagine a referee showing a red card and pointing towards the exit. This visual strongly connects '퇴장하다' with the idea of being sent off from a game.
Order and Respect
The use of '퇴장하다' reflects the Korean cultural emphasis on order and respect in public spaces and during events. Announcements often use polite forms to ensure smooth departures.
Beyond '나가다'
Understand that '퇴장하다' is not just '나가다'. It implies exiting a specific space or event, and can carry connotations of formality or ejection, unlike the general '나가다'.
'퇴장하다' vs. '퇴장당하다'
Use '퇴장하다' when someone exits on their own (even if prompted). Use '퇴장당하다' when they are forced out by an authority or rule.
Practice in Context
Try to use '퇴장하다' when discussing sports matches, movie theater experiences, or emergency procedures. This will solidify its usage.
Building Vocabulary
Learn related terms like '입장하다' (to enter) and '퇴장당하다' (to be ejected) to build a more comprehensive understanding of movement in and out of venues.
暗記しよう
記憶術
Imagine a king (퇴) leaving his throne (장) in a grand hall. He is not just walking out, he is formally withdrawing from his royal place. So, '퇴장하다' is like a royal 'exit'.
視覚的連想
Picture a stadium with a large red card being shown to a player, forcing them to walk off the field. The player is '퇴장'ing from the '장' (field).
Word Web
チャレンジ
Try to describe situations where people might need to '퇴장하다' from different types of venues, focusing on whether it's a voluntary exit or an ejection.
語源
The word '퇴장하다' is composed of two Hanja (Chinese characters) and the verb suffix '하다'. The character '퇴' (退) means 'to retreat', 'to withdraw', or 'to step back'. The character '장' (場) means 'place', 'ground', or 'venue'. Thus, '퇴장' literally means to withdraw from a place or venue. The addition of '하다' turns it into a verb meaning 'to perform the action of withdrawing from a place'.
元の意味： To withdraw from a place or ground.
Sino-Korean文化的な背景
The term '퇴장하다' can sometimes carry a negative connotation if it implies being forced out or ejected due to misconduct. While it is a neutral term for exiting a venue, the passive form '퇴장당하다' strongly suggests an involuntary and often disciplinary departure.
In English, we have words like 'exit', 'leave', 'depart', 'withdraw', 'be ejected', or 'be sent off'. The Korean '퇴장하다' covers both the general meaning of exiting a venue and the more specific meaning of being ejected, depending on the context.
実生活で練習する
実際の使用場面
Sports events (e.g., soccer, basketball)
- 선수가 퇴장당했습니다.
- 경기장에서 퇴장하다.
- 레드카드를 받고 퇴장하다.
Theaters, cinemas, concert halls
- 공연장에서 퇴장하다.
- 영화관에서 퇴장하세요.
- 조용히 퇴장해주시기 바랍니다.
Formal meetings or assemblies
- 회의에서 퇴장하다.
- 먼저 퇴장해야 합니다.
- 회의 후 질서 있게 퇴장하다.
Emergency evacuations (e.g., fire alarm)
- 건물에서 즉시 퇴장하다.
- 안전하게 퇴장하세요.
- 비상 퇴장로를 이용하다.
Legal or official proceedings
- 법정에서 퇴장하다.
- 퇴장 조치를 받다.
- 퇴장 명령을 내리다.
会話のきっかけ
"Have you ever been asked to '퇴장하다' from an event?"
"What's the difference between '퇴장하다' and just '나가다'?"
"When do you think '퇴장당하다' is a fair punishment?"
"Imagine you are an usher at a theater. How would you tell someone to '퇴장하다'?"
"What kind of situations might require an immediate '퇴장'?"
日記のテーマ
Describe a time you had to '퇴장하다' from a place. What was the reason?
Write a short story where a character is unexpectedly told to '퇴장하다'. What happens next?
Compare and contrast the feeling of voluntarily '퇴장하다' versus being '퇴장당하다'.
Imagine you are creating rules for a new public space. What rules would lead to someone having to '퇴장하다'?
Reflect on a time you witnessed someone being '퇴장당하다'. How did the situation unfold?
よくある質問
10 問'나가다' is a general term for 'to go out' or 'to leave' any place, like your home or a room. '퇴장하다' is more specific to exiting a defined venue or event, such as a stadium, theater, or meeting. It often carries a more formal tone or can imply being ejected. For example, you would say '집에서 나가다' (to leave home) but '경기장에서 퇴장하다' (to exit the stadium).
No, not always. While '퇴장하다' can mean to be ejected or sent off (especially in sports, often in the passive form '퇴장당하다'), it also simply means to exit a venue or event. The context is key. For example, '관객들이 영화관에서 퇴장했습니다' (The audience exited the cinema) is a neutral statement of departure.
Use '퇴장하다' when referring to exiting a specific, defined place or event, especially if it's formal or has a clear boundary. Examples include exiting a sports stadium, a theater after a show, a meeting room, or a venue during an emergency evacuation. If you are just leaving your house or a casual room, '나가다' is usually more natural.
The passive form is '퇴장당하다' (toe-jang-dang-ha-da). It means 'to be ejected', 'to be made to exit', or 'to be sent off'. This form is commonly used when someone is forced to leave a place due to breaking rules, committing a foul, or causing a disturbance. For example, '선수가 레드카드를 받고 퇴장당했습니다' (The player was ejected after receiving a red card).
No, '퇴장하다' is not typically used for leaving a country. For leaving a country, you would use verbs like '떠나다' (to leave/depart) or '출국하다' (to depart from a country).
Yes, some common phrases include '퇴장하세요' (Please exit - polite imperative), '퇴장했습니다' (Exited - past tense polite), '퇴장해야 해요' (Have to exit), and '퇴장당하다' (to be ejected). Announcements often use '질서 있게 퇴장해주시기 바랍니다' (Please exit in an orderly manner).
The noun form is '퇴장' (toe-jang), which means 'exit', 'departure', or 'withdrawal'. It can be used in phrases like '퇴장 조치' (exit measure) or '퇴장 시간' (exit time).
The pronunciation is approximately 'TOE-jang-ha-da'. The 'ㅌ' and 'ㅈ' sounds are aspirated (with a puff of air). The stress is on the first syllable: 퇴 (TOE).
It can be, but it's often considered more formal than simply '나가다'. In very casual settings with close friends, you might use '나가다' or other more informal verbs. However, if you're talking about leaving a specific event or venue, '퇴장하다' can still be used.
Similar verbs include '나가다' (to go out, general), '떠나다' (to depart, often for longer), and '물러나다' (to step down). The passive form '퇴장당하다' means 'to be ejected', and other related words for expulsion are '축출되다' and '제명되다'.
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Summary
The verb '퇴장하다' (toe-jang-ha-da) signifies exiting a specific place or event, such as a stadium, theater, or meeting. It carries a more formal tone than simply '나가다' (to go out) and can also imply being ejected or sent off due to rule violations, particularly in sports. Understanding its context is crucial for accurate usage.
- 퇴장하다 means to exit a venue or event.
- It can also mean to be ejected or sent off.
- Common in sports, theaters, and formal announcements.
- Distinguish from general '나가다' (to go out).
Venue Specificity
Remember that '퇴장하다' is best used when exiting a defined venue or event. For general departures from home or a room, '나가다' is more common. Think 'stadium exit' for '퇴장하다'.
Passive Voice for Ejection
To emphasize being forced out or ejected, use the passive form '퇴장당하다'. This is very common in sports and disciplinary situations.
Formal vs. Informal
'퇴장하다' leans towards the formal side. While it can be used in casual conversation, be mindful that '나가다' is often more natural for everyday exits.
Aspiration is Key
Pay attention to the aspirated 'ㅌ' and 'ㅈ' sounds in '퇴장하다'. Practicing these sounds will make your pronunciation clearer and more native-like.
例文
공연이 끝난 후 관객들은 모두 퇴장했습니다.
関連コンテンツ
この単語を他の言語で
generalの関連語
몇몇
A2いくつか; 幾つかの; 数人の.
조금
A1少しだけ待ってください。 (조금만 기다려 주세요.)
적게
A1少なく、少量で。動作の分量が少ないことを表す副詞です。
약간
A2少し、わずかに。少量や程度の低さを表すときに使われます。
많이
A1たくさん / 多く。 「たくさん食べました」(많이 먹었어요)。 「とても忙しいです」(많이 바빠요)。
잠시
A2しばらく；少しの間。「少々お待ちください。」(잠시만 기다려 주세요。)「後ほど戻ります。」(잠시 후에 돌아오겠습니다。)
잠깐
A2For a short time; a moment.
아까
A2さっき、少し前に。さっき彼に会いました。
대해
A2「〜について」や「〜に関して」を意味します。会話や思考のトピックを導入する際に使われます。
~에 대해서
A2〜について；〜に関して。
