Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
Use 'ຢູ່' (yù) to indicate location and specific particles like 'ເທິງ' (théung) for 'on' or 'ໃນ' (nai) for 'in'.
- Use 'ຢູ່' before a place: ປຶ້ມຢູ່ໂຕະ (The book is on the table).
- Use 'ໃນ' for inside: ໝາຢູ່ໃນເຮືອນ (The dog is in the house).
- Use 'ເທິງ' for on top: ແມວຢູ່ເທິງຕັ່ງ (The cat is on the chair).
Basic Locative Construction
| Subject | Verb | Particle | Location |
|---|---|---|---|
|
ຂ້ອຍ
|
ຢູ່
|
ໃນ
|
ເຮືອນ
|
|
ລາວ
|
ຢູ່
|
ເທິງ
|
ໂຕະ
|
|
ໝາ
|
ຢູ່
|
ລຸ່ມ
|
ຕັ່ງ
|
|
ລົດ
|
ຢູ່
|
ທາງໜ້າ
|
ເຮືອນ
|
|
ຮ້ານ
|
ຢູ່
|
ໃກ້
|
ຕະຫຼາດ
|
|
ຫ້ອງ
|
ຢູ່
|
ຊັ້ນ
|
ສອງ
|
Meanings
These words define the spatial relationship between a subject and a reference point, typically anchored by the verb 'ຢູ່' (to be at).
General Location
Indicates existence at a specific point.
“ຂ້ອຍຢູ່ເຮືອນ (I am at home).”
“ລາວຢູ່ໂຮງຮຽນ (He is at school).”
Interiority
Being inside a container or space.
“ນ້ຳຢູ່ໃນແກ້ວ (Water is in the glass).”
“ເງິນຢູ່ໃນກະເປົາ (Money is in the bag).”
Superiority/Surface
Being on top of a surface.
“ໝວກຢູ່ເທິງຫົວ (The hat is on the head).”
“ຈອກຢູ່ເທິງໂຕະ (The cup is on the table).”
Reference Table
| Form | Structure | Example |
|---|---|---|
|
Affirmative
|
Subj + ຢູ່ + Loc
|
ຂ້ອຍຢູ່ເຮືອນ
|
|
Negative
|
Subj + ບໍ່ + ຢູ່ + Loc
|
ຂ້ອຍບໍ່ຢູ່ເຮືອນ
|
|
Question
|
Subj + ຢູ່ + Loc + ບໍ່?
|
ເຈົ້າຢູ່ເຮືອນບໍ່?
|
|
Location (In)
|
Subj + ຢູ່ + ໃນ + Loc
|
ປຶ້ມຢູ່ໃນກະເປົາ
|
|
Location (On)
|
Subj + ຢູ່ + ເທິງ + Loc
|
ຈອກຢູ່ເທິງໂຕະ
|
|
Location (Under)
|
Subj + ຢູ່ + ລຸ່ມ + Loc
|
ແມວຢູ່ລຸ່ມຕັ່ງ
|
フォーマル度スペクトル
ຫ້ອງນ້ຳຢູ່ບ່ອນໃດ? (Travel)
ຫ້ອງນ້ຳຢູ່ໃສ? (Travel)
ຫ້ອງນ້ຳຢູ່ໃສ? (Travel)
ຫ້ອງນ້ຳຢູ່ໃສ? (Travel)
Lao Spatial Particles
Interior
- ໃນ in
Surface
- ເທິງ on
Below
- ລຸ່ມ under
レベル別の例文
ຂ້ອຍຢູ່ເຮືອນ
I am at home
ປຶ້ມຢູ່ໂຕະ
The book is on the table
ໝາຢູ່ໃນເຮືອນ
The dog is in the house
ນ້ຳຢູ່ໃສ?
Where is the water?
ລາວບໍ່ຢູ່ໂຮງຮຽນ
He is not at school
ກະແຈຢູ່ເທິງຕູ້
The keys are on the cabinet
ແມວຢູ່ລຸ່ມຕັ່ງ
The cat is under the chair
ເຈົ້າຢູ່ບ່ອນໃດ?
Where are you?
ຮ້ານອາຫານຢູ່ໃກ້ກັບຕະຫຼາດ
The restaurant is near the market
ໂຮງໝໍຢູ່ທາງຂວາມື
The hospital is on the right side
ປຶ້ມຫົວນີ້ຢູ່ເທິງຊັ້ນວາງ
This book is on the shelf
ລາວບໍ່ໄດ້ຢູ່ບ້ານໃນມື້ວານນີ້
He was not at home yesterday
ຫ້ອງການຂອງຂ້ອຍຢູ່ຊັ້ນສອງ
My office is on the second floor
ລົດຈອດຢູ່ທາງໜ້າເຮືອນ
The car is parked in front of the house
ມີຄົນຢູ່ທາງຫຼັງເຈົ້າ
There is someone behind you
ປ້າຍລົດເມຢູ່ກົງກັນຂ້າມກັບທະນາຄານ
The bus stop is opposite the bank
ສະຖານທີ່ນີ້ຕັ້ງຢູ່ໃຈກາງເມືອງ
This place is located in the city center
ເອກະສານຖືກເກັບໄວ້ຢູ່ພາຍໃນຕູ້
The documents are kept inside the cabinet
ເຮືອນຫຼັງນັ້ນຕັ້ງຢູ່ລະຫວ່າງສອງຕົ້ນໄມ້ໃຫຍ່
That house is situated between two large trees
ຄວາມສຸກຢູ່ທີ່ການພໍໃຈ
Happiness lies in contentment
ບັນຫາຫຼັກໆແມ່ນຢູ່ທີ່ການສື່ສານ
The main problem lies in the communication
ລາວຢືນຢູ່ທ່າມກາງຝູງຊົນ
He stood amidst the crowd
ໝູ່ບ້ານນັ້ນຕັ້ງຢູ່ແຄມຝັ່ງແມ່ນ້ຳຂອງ
That village is situated along the banks of the Mekong
ທຸກຢ່າງຢູ່ພາຍໃຕ້ການຄວບຄຸມ
Everything is under control
間違えやすい
Learners mix up 'to be at' and 'to go to'.
Mixing up 'in' and 'on'.
Using 'ຕັ້ງຢູ່' for people.
よくある間違い
ຂ້ອຍເຮືອນ
ຂ້ອຍຢູ່ເຮືອນ
ປຶ້ມໃນໂຕະ
ປຶ້ມຢູ່ເທິງໂຕະ
ເຈົ້າຢູ່ເຮືອນ?
ເຈົ້າຢູ່ເຮືອນບໍ່?
ໝາຢູ່ລຸ່ມຕັ່ງ
ໝາຢູ່ລຸ່ມຕັ່ງ
ຂ້ອຍໄປຢູ່ເຮືອນ
ຂ້ອຍຢູ່ເຮືອນ
ລາວຢູ່ບໍ່ໂຮງຮຽນ
ລາວບໍ່ຢູ່ໂຮງຮຽນ
ປຶ້ມຢູ່ໃກ້
ປຶ້ມຢູ່ໃກ້ໂຕະ
ຫ້ອງການຢູ່ຂວາ
ຫ້ອງການຢູ່ທາງຂວາ
ລາວຢູ່ລະຫວ່າງ
ລາວຢູ່ລະຫວ່າງສອງຄົນ
ມັນຢູ່ທີ່ນີ້
ມັນຢູ່ບ່ອນນີ້
ລາວຢືນຢູ່ກາງ
ລາວຢືນຢູ່ທ່າມກາງ
ມັນຕັ້ງຢູ່ທີ່
ມັນຕັ້ງຢູ່
ຢູ່ພາຍໃຕ້ໂຕະ
ຢູ່ລຸ່ມໂຕະ
文型パターン
___ ຢູ່ ___
___ ຢູ່ ___ ບໍ່?
___ ຢູ່ ___ ຂອງ ___
___ ຕັ້ງຢູ່ ___
Real World Usage
ເຈົ້າຢູ່ໃສ?
ໂຮງແຮມຢູ່ໃກ້ບໍ່?
ເອກະສານຢູ່ເທິງໂຕະ.
ຮ້ານຢູ່ໃສ?
ຢູ່ເຮືອນ.
ຫ້ອງການຕັ້ງຢູ່ບ່ອນໃດ?
Don't forget the verb
Static vs Movement
Use particles
Be polite
Smart Tips
Use 'ຢູ່' + particle to be precise.
Always add 'ຂໍໂທດ' (excuse me).
Use 'ຕັ້ງຢູ່' for a more professional tone.
Use 'ໄດ້ຢູ່' for past tense.
発音
ຢູ່ (yù)
The 'y' is like 'yes', 'ù' is a low tone.
Question
ເຈົ້າຢູ່ເຮືອນບໍ່? ↗
Rising intonation at the end for questions.
暗記しよう
記憶術
Remember 'Yù' is where you are. If you are 'in' a room, you are 'nai' (inside).
視覚的連想
Imagine a cat sitting on a table. The cat is the subject, 'ຢູ່' is the glue, and 'ເທິງ' is the surface.
Rhyme
ຢູ່ (yù) is where you stay, in the house or far away.
Story
My cat is special. It likes to sit 'ຢູ່' (at) the house. Sometimes it is 'ໃນ' (in) the box. Sometimes it is 'ເທິງ' (on) the roof. It is never 'ລຸ່ມ' (under) the bed.
Word Web
チャレンジ
Look around your room and name 3 things using 'ຢູ່' and a particle.
文化メモ
Lao culture values indirectness. When asking for location, adding 'ຂໍໂທດ' (excuse me) is polite.
The word 'ຢູ່' is a Proto-Tai root meaning 'to stay' or 'to dwell'.
会話のきっかけ
ເຈົ້າຢູ່ໃສ?
ປຶ້ມຢູ່ໃສ?
ເຮືອນຂອງເຈົ້າຢູ່ໃກ້ໂຮງຮຽນບໍ່?
ເຈົ້າຄິດວ່າຄວາມສຸກຢູ່ໃສ?
日記のテーマ
よくある間違い
Test Yourself
ຂ້ອຍ ___ ເຮືອນ.
Which is correct?
Find and fix the mistake:
ຂ້ອຍເຮືອນ.
Arrange the words in the correct order:
All words placed
Click words above to build the sentence
The dog is under the chair.
Answer starts with: ໝາຢ...
Match each item on the left with its pair on the right:
Make 'ຂ້ອຍຢູ່ເຮືອນ' negative.
ນ້ຳຢູ່ ___ ແກ້ວ.
Score: /8
練習問題
8 exercisesຂ້ອຍ ___ ເຮືອນ.
Which is correct?
Find and fix the mistake:
ຂ້ອຍເຮືອນ.
ໂຕະ / ຢູ່ / ປຶ້ມ / ເທິງ
The dog is under the chair.
ໃນ = ?
Make 'ຂ້ອຍຢູ່ເຮືອນ' negative.
ນ້ຳຢູ່ ___ ແກ້ວ.
Score: /8
よくある質問 (8)
Yes, for static location, it is mandatory.
Yes, it works for both.
Use 'ຕັ້ງຢູ່' for buildings or geographical features.
Add 'ບໍ່' at the end.
It is a verb that functions as a locative marker.
No, use other markers for time.
No, Lao has no gender.
Use 'ໃກ້'.
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
estar
Spanish conjugates for person; Lao does not.
être à
French requires prepositions like 'dans' or 'sur' which are similar to Lao particles.
sein
German changes articles based on case; Lao has no cases.
iru/aru
Japanese distinguishes animate/inanimate; Lao does not.
fi
Arabic prepositions are often attached to nouns.
zài
Chinese word order for location is slightly more flexible.
