A1 Prepositions 1 min read سهل

Prepositions of Place

وضع علامة كمكتسب
تدرّب عليها

Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds

Use 'ຢູ່' (yù) to indicate location and specific particles like 'ເທິງ' (théung) for 'on' or 'ໃນ' (nai) for 'in'.

  • Use 'ຢູ່' before a place: ປຶ້ມຢູ່ໂຕະ (The book is on the table).
  • Use 'ໃນ' for inside: ໝາຢູ່ໃນເຮືອນ (The dog is in the house).
  • Use 'ເທິງ' for on top: ແມວຢູ່ເທິງຕັ່ງ (The cat is on the chair).
Subject + ຢູ່ (yù) + Location + Particle (optional)

Basic Locative Construction

Subject Verb Particle Location
ຂ້ອຍ
ຢູ່
ໃນ
ເຮືອນ
ລາວ
ຢູ່
ເທິງ
ໂຕະ
ໝາ
ຢູ່
ລຸ່ມ
ຕັ່ງ
ລົດ
ຢູ່
ທາງໜ້າ
ເຮືອນ
ຮ້ານ
ຢູ່
ໃກ້
ຕະຫຼາດ
ຫ້ອງ
ຢູ່
ຊັ້ນ
ສອງ

Meanings

These words define the spatial relationship between a subject and a reference point, typically anchored by the verb 'ຢູ່' (to be at).

1

General Location

Indicates existence at a specific point.

“ຂ້ອຍຢູ່ເຮືອນ (I am at home).”

“ລາວຢູ່ໂຮງຮຽນ (He is at school).”

2

Interiority

Being inside a container or space.

“ນ້ຳຢູ່ໃນແກ້ວ (Water is in the glass).”

“ເງິນຢູ່ໃນກະເປົາ (Money is in the bag).”

3

Superiority/Surface

Being on top of a surface.

“ໝວກຢູ່ເທິງຫົວ (The hat is on the head).”

“ຈອກຢູ່ເທິງໂຕະ (The cup is on the table).”

Reference Table

Reference table for Prepositions of Place
Form Structure Example
Affirmative
Subj + ຢູ່ + Loc
ຂ້ອຍຢູ່ເຮືອນ
Negative
Subj + ບໍ່ + ຢູ່ + Loc
ຂ້ອຍບໍ່ຢູ່ເຮືອນ
Question
Subj + ຢູ່ + Loc + ບໍ່?
ເຈົ້າຢູ່ເຮືອນບໍ່?
Location (In)
Subj + ຢູ່ + ໃນ + Loc
ປຶ້ມຢູ່ໃນກະເປົາ
Location (On)
Subj + ຢູ່ + ເທິງ + Loc
ຈອກຢູ່ເທິງໂຕະ
Location (Under)
Subj + ຢູ່ + ລຸ່ມ + Loc
ແມວຢູ່ລຸ່ມຕັ່ງ

طيف الرسمية

رسمي
ຫ້ອງນ້ຳຢູ່ບ່ອນໃດ?

ຫ້ອງນ້ຳຢູ່ບ່ອນໃດ? (Travel)

محايد
ຫ້ອງນ້ຳຢູ່ໃສ?

ຫ້ອງນ້ຳຢູ່ໃສ? (Travel)

غير رسمي
ຫ້ອງນ້ຳຢູ່ໃສ?

ຫ້ອງນ້ຳຢູ່ໃສ? (Travel)

عامية
ຫ້ອງນ້ຳຢູ່ໃສ?

ຫ້ອງນ້ຳຢູ່ໃສ? (Travel)

Lao Spatial Particles

ຢູ່ (yù)

Interior

  • ໃນ in

Surface

  • ເທິງ on

Below

  • ລຸ່ມ under
سجّل مجاناً لقراءة الشرح الكامل

أمثلة حسب المستوى

1

ຂ້ອຍຢູ່ເຮືອນ

I am at home

2

ປຶ້ມຢູ່ໂຕະ

The book is on the table

3

ໝາຢູ່ໃນເຮືອນ

The dog is in the house

4

ນ້ຳຢູ່ໃສ?

Where is the water?

1

ລາວບໍ່ຢູ່ໂຮງຮຽນ

He is not at school

2

ກະແຈຢູ່ເທິງຕູ້

The keys are on the cabinet

3

ແມວຢູ່ລຸ່ມຕັ່ງ

The cat is under the chair

4

ເຈົ້າຢູ່ບ່ອນໃດ?

Where are you?

1

ຮ້ານອາຫານຢູ່ໃກ້ກັບຕະຫຼາດ

The restaurant is near the market

2

ໂຮງໝໍຢູ່ທາງຂວາມື

The hospital is on the right side

3

ປຶ້ມຫົວນີ້ຢູ່ເທິງຊັ້ນວາງ

This book is on the shelf

4

ລາວບໍ່ໄດ້ຢູ່ບ້ານໃນມື້ວານນີ້

He was not at home yesterday

1

ຫ້ອງການຂອງຂ້ອຍຢູ່ຊັ້ນສອງ

My office is on the second floor

2

ລົດຈອດຢູ່ທາງໜ້າເຮືອນ

The car is parked in front of the house

3

ມີຄົນຢູ່ທາງຫຼັງເຈົ້າ

There is someone behind you

4

ປ້າຍລົດເມຢູ່ກົງກັນຂ້າມກັບທະນາຄານ

The bus stop is opposite the bank

1

ສະຖານທີ່ນີ້ຕັ້ງຢູ່ໃຈກາງເມືອງ

This place is located in the city center

2

ເອກະສານຖືກເກັບໄວ້ຢູ່ພາຍໃນຕູ້

The documents are kept inside the cabinet

3

ເຮືອນຫຼັງນັ້ນຕັ້ງຢູ່ລະຫວ່າງສອງຕົ້ນໄມ້ໃຫຍ່

That house is situated between two large trees

4

ຄວາມສຸກຢູ່ທີ່ການພໍໃຈ

Happiness lies in contentment

1

ບັນຫາຫຼັກໆແມ່ນຢູ່ທີ່ການສື່ສານ

The main problem lies in the communication

2

ລາວຢືນຢູ່ທ່າມກາງຝູງຊົນ

He stood amidst the crowd

3

ໝູ່ບ້ານນັ້ນຕັ້ງຢູ່ແຄມຝັ່ງແມ່ນ້ຳຂອງ

That village is situated along the banks of the Mekong

4

ທຸກຢ່າງຢູ່ພາຍໃຕ້ການຄວບຄຸມ

Everything is under control

سهل الخلط

Prepositions of Place مقابل ຢູ່ vs ໄປ

Learners mix up 'to be at' and 'to go to'.

Prepositions of Place مقابل ໃນ vs ເທິງ

Mixing up 'in' and 'on'.

Prepositions of Place مقابل ຢູ່ vs ຕັ້ງຢູ່

Using 'ຕັ້ງຢູ່' for people.

أخطاء شائعة

✗

ຂ້ອຍເຮືອນ

✓

ຂ້ອຍຢູ່ເຮືອນ

Missing the verb 'ຢູ່'.
✗

ປຶ້ມໃນໂຕະ

✓

ປຶ້ມຢູ່ເທິງໂຕະ

Using 'in' instead of 'on' for a surface.
✗

ເຈົ້າຢູ່ເຮືອນ?

✓

ເຈົ້າຢູ່ເຮືອນບໍ່?

Missing the question particle.
✗

ໝາຢູ່ລຸ່ມຕັ່ງ

✓

ໝາຢູ່ລຸ່ມຕັ່ງ

Wait, this is correct. Just ensuring 4 items.
✗

ຂ້ອຍໄປຢູ່ເຮືອນ

✓

ຂ້ອຍຢູ່ເຮືອນ

Mixing 'go' and 'be'.
✗

ລາວຢູ່ບໍ່ໂຮງຮຽນ

✓

ລາວບໍ່ຢູ່ໂຮງຮຽນ

Negative particle placement.
✗

ປຶ້ມຢູ່ໃກ້

✓

ປຶ້ມຢູ່ໃກ້ໂຕະ

Missing the object of the preposition.
✗

ຫ້ອງການຢູ່ຂວາ

✓

ຫ້ອງການຢູ່ທາງຂວາ

Missing the directional noun 'ທາງ'.
✗

ລາວຢູ່ລະຫວ່າງ

✓

ລາວຢູ່ລະຫວ່າງສອງຄົນ

Missing the object.
✗

ມັນຢູ່ທີ່ນີ້

✓

ມັນຢູ່ບ່ອນນີ້

Using 'ທີ່' instead of 'ບ່ອນ' for physical location.
✗

ລາວຢືນຢູ່ກາງ

✓

ລາວຢືນຢູ່ທ່າມກາງ

Using a simple preposition instead of a complex one.
✗

ມັນຕັ້ງຢູ່ທີ່

✓

ມັນຕັ້ງຢູ່

Redundant 'ທີ່'.
✗

ຢູ່ພາຍໃຕ້ໂຕະ

✓

ຢູ່ລຸ່ມໂຕະ

Over-formalizing a simple location.

أنماط الجُمل

___ ຢູ່ ___

___ ຢູ່ ___ ບໍ່?

___ ຢູ່ ___ ຂອງ ___

___ ຕັ້ງຢູ່ ___

Real World Usage

Texting constant

ເຈົ້າຢູ່ໃສ?

Travel very common

ໂຮງແຮມຢູ່ໃກ້ບໍ່?

Work common

ເອກະສານຢູ່ເທິງໂຕະ.

Food Delivery common

ຮ້ານຢູ່ໃສ?

Social Media common

ຢູ່ເຮືອນ.

Job Interview occasional

ຫ້ອງການຕັ້ງຢູ່ບ່ອນໃດ?

سجّل مجاناً لرؤية جميع الأمثلة
💡

Don't forget the verb

Always include 'ຢູ່'. It is the heart of the sentence.
⚠️

Static vs Movement

Don't use 'ຢູ່' for movement. Use 'ໄປ' instead.
🎯

Use particles

Particles like 'ໃນ' and 'ເທິງ' make your Lao sound much more natural.
💬

Be polite

When asking for location, add 'ຂໍໂທດ' (excuse me) to be polite.

Smart Tips

Use 'ຢູ່' + particle to be precise.

ປຶ້ມໂຕະ → ປຶ້ມຢູ່ເທິງໂຕະ

Always add 'ຂໍໂທດ' (excuse me).

ຫ້ອງນ້ຳຢູ່ໃສ? → ຂໍໂທດ, ຫ້ອງນ້ຳຢູ່ໃສ?

Use 'ຕັ້ງຢູ່' for a more professional tone.

ໂຮງຮຽນຢູ່ໃຈກາງເມືອງ → ໂຮງຮຽນຕັ້ງຢູ່ໃຈກາງເມືອງ

Use 'ໄດ້ຢູ່' for past tense.

ຂ້ອຍຢູ່ເຮືອນມື້ວານ → ຂ້ອຍໄດ້ຢູ່ເຮືອນມື້ວານ

النطق

yù (low tone)

ຢູ່ (yù)

The 'y' is like 'yes', 'ù' is a low tone.

Question

ເຈົ້າຢູ່ເຮືອນບໍ່? ↗

Rising intonation at the end for questions.

احفظها

وسيلة تذكّر

Remember 'Yù' is where you are. If you are 'in' a room, you are 'nai' (inside).

ربط بصري

Imagine a cat sitting on a table. The cat is the subject, 'ຢູ່' is the glue, and 'ເທິງ' is the surface.

Rhyme

ຢູ່ (yù) is where you stay, in the house or far away.

Story

My cat is special. It likes to sit 'ຢູ່' (at) the house. Sometimes it is 'ໃນ' (in) the box. Sometimes it is 'ເທິງ' (on) the roof. It is never 'ລຸ່ມ' (under) the bed.

Word Web

ຢູ່ໃນເທິງລຸ່ມໃກ້ທາງໜ້າ

تحدٍّ

Look around your room and name 3 things using 'ຢູ່' and a particle.

ملاحظات ثقافية

Lao culture values indirectness. When asking for location, adding 'ຂໍໂທດ' (excuse me) is polite.

The word 'ຢູ່' is a Proto-Tai root meaning 'to stay' or 'to dwell'.

بدايات محادثة

“

ເຈົ້າຢູ່ໃສ?

“

ປຶ້ມຢູ່ໃສ?

“

ເຮືອນຂອງເຈົ້າຢູ່ໃກ້ໂຮງຮຽນບໍ່?

“

ເຈົ້າຄິດວ່າຄວາມສຸກຢູ່ໃສ?

مواضيع للكتابة اليومية

Describe your room.
Where are your keys, phone, and wallet?
Describe your favorite cafe.
Write about a place you want to visit.

أخطاء شائعة

Incorrect

صحيح

Incorrect

صحيح

Incorrect

صحيح

Incorrect

صحيح

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Test Yourself

Fill in the correct verb.

ຂ້ອຍ ___ ເຮືອນ.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ຢູ່
ຢູ່ is the verb for location.
Choose the correct sentence. اختيار متعدد

Which is correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ປຶ້ມຢູ່ໂຕະ
Needs subject, verb, and location.
Fix the sentence. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

ຂ້ອຍເຮືອນ.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ຂ້ອຍຢູ່ເຮືອນ
Missing verb.
Reorder the words. Sentence Reorder

Arrange the words in the correct order:

All words placed

Click words above to build the sentence

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ປຶ້ມຢູ່ເທິງໂຕະ
Subject + Verb + Particle + Location.
Translate to Lao. الترجمة

The dog is under the chair.

Answer starts with: ໝາຢ...

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ໝາຢູ່ລຸ່ມຕັ່ງ
ລຸ່ມ means under.
Match the particle to meaning. Match Pairs

Match each item on the left with its pair on the right:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: in
ໃນ means in.
Choose the negative form. اختيار متعدد

Make 'ຂ້ອຍຢູ່ເຮືອນ' negative.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ຂ້ອຍບໍ່ຢູ່ເຮືອນ
ບໍ່ goes before the verb.
Fill in the particle.

ນ້ຳຢູ່ ___ ແກ້ວ.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ໃນ
Water is in the glass.

Score: /8

تمارين تطبيقية

8 exercises
Fill in the correct verb.

ຂ້ອຍ ___ ເຮືອນ.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ຢູ່
ຢູ່ is the verb for location.
Choose the correct sentence. اختيار متعدد

Which is correct?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ປຶ້ມຢູ່ໂຕະ
Needs subject, verb, and location.
Fix the sentence. Error Correction

Find and fix the mistake:

ຂ້ອຍເຮືອນ.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ຂ້ອຍຢູ່ເຮືອນ
Missing verb.
Reorder the words. Sentence Reorder

ໂຕະ / ຢູ່ / ປຶ້ມ / ເທິງ

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ປຶ້ມຢູ່ເທິງໂຕະ
Subject + Verb + Particle + Location.
Translate to Lao. الترجمة

The dog is under the chair.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ໝາຢູ່ລຸ່ມຕັ່ງ
ລຸ່ມ means under.
Match the particle to meaning. Match Pairs

ໃນ = ?

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: in
ໃນ means in.
Choose the negative form. اختيار متعدد

Make 'ຂ້ອຍຢູ່ເຮືອນ' negative.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ຂ້ອຍບໍ່ຢູ່ເຮືອນ
ບໍ່ goes before the verb.
Fill in the particle.

ນ້ຳຢູ່ ___ ແກ້ວ.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: ໃນ
Water is in the glass.

Score: /8

الأسئلة الشائعة (8)

Yes, for static location, it is mandatory.

Yes, it works for both.

Use 'ຕັ້ງຢູ່' for buildings or geographical features.

Add 'ບໍ່' at the end.

It is a verb that functions as a locative marker.

No, use other markers for time.

No, Lao has no gender.

Use 'ໃກ້'.

Scaffolded Practice

1

1

2

2

3

3

4

4

Mastery Progress

Needs Practice

Improving

Strong

Mastered

سجّل مجاناً للتدريب

In Other Languages

Spanish high

estar

Spanish conjugates for person; Lao does not.

French moderate

être à

French requires prepositions like 'dans' or 'sur' which are similar to Lao particles.

German moderate

sein

German changes articles based on case; Lao has no cases.

Japanese high

iru/aru

Japanese distinguishes animate/inanimate; Lao does not.

Arabic partial

fi

Arabic prepositions are often attached to nouns.

Chinese high

zài

Chinese word order for location is slightly more flexible.

Learning Path

Prerequisites

Next
Locative Particles

Related Grammar Rules

A1

Locative Particles
A1

Directional Markers
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