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B1 noun 14分で読める

pewność

練習する例文メモとヒント pewność 30秒で

解説 pewność in your Level:

At the A1 level, 'pewność' is a relatively advanced noun, but you will encounter its adjective form 'pewny' (sure) very early on. At this stage, learners should focus on the most basic expression of certainty: 'Jestem pewny' (I am sure - masculine) or 'Jestem pewna' (I am sure - feminine). You might hear a teacher ask, 'Czy jesteś pewny?' (Are you sure?). While the noun 'pewność' itself might not be used in your first few weeks, understanding that it exists as the concept of 'certainty' is helpful. You can start using it in the very simple phrase 'Mam pewność' (I have certainty/I am sure). At A1, the focus is on recognizing the word in simple sentences and knowing it relates to being sure. You don't need to worry about complex cases yet, just remember that it is a thing you can 'have' when you are 100% sure about something. For example, 'Mam pewność, że to jest pies' (I am sure that this is a dog). It is a building block for expressing your thoughts and feelings clearly. Even at this basic level, knowing 'pewność' helps you understand the difference between 'maybe' (może) and 'surely' (na pewno). It's the beginning of your journey into expressing conviction in Polish.

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At the A2 level, you begin to use 'pewność' in more functional ways, especially in common phrases. The most important phrase at this level is 'dla pewności' (for certainty / just to be sure). You will use this when you want to explain why you are doing something twice or checking something. For example, 'Zamykam drzwi dwa razy dla pewności' (I lock the door twice just to be sure). You also start to encounter the phrase 'pewność siebie' (self-confidence). At A2, you might describe yourself or others using this: 'On ma dużą pewność siebie' (He has a lot of self-confidence). You should also be aware of the basic negation: 'Nie mam pewności' (I'm not sure). Notice the change from 'pewność' to 'pewności' - this is the genitive case, which is a key grammar point at A2. You are moving from simple adjectives to using nouns to describe your mental state. You might also start using 'na pewno' (surely) more frequently in your speech, which is the adverbial cousin of 'pewność.' At this stage, 'pewność' becomes a tool for clarifying your intentions and describing your personality in simple terms.

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At the B1 level, you are expected to use 'pewność' with greater grammatical precision and in a wider variety of contexts. This is the level where you should master the construction 'mieć pewność, że...' (to be certain that...) followed by a full clause. You should also be comfortable using 'z pewnością' (certainly) as a way to add emphasis to your sentences in both speaking and writing. At B1, you begin to distinguish between 'pewność' (certainty) and 'prawdopodobieństwo' (probability). You might say, 'Istnieje duża pewność, że pogoda się poprawi' (There is a high certainty that the weather will improve). You are also learning to use the preposition 'co do' to specify what you are certain about: 'Nie mam pewności co do tej daty' (I don't have certainty as to this date). This level also involves understanding 'pewność siebie' in more social and professional contexts, such as job interviews or school presentations. You might read articles about how to 'zyskać pewność siebie' (gain self-confidence). Your vocabulary is expanding to include synonyms like 'przekonanie' (conviction), and you are starting to understand that 'pewność' is a stronger, more absolute term. You are now using the word not just to survive, but to express nuanced opinions.

At the B2 level, 'pewność' becomes a key word for academic and formal discussions. You should be able to use it to discuss abstract concepts like 'pewność prawa' (legal certainty) or 'pewność naukowa' (scientific certainty). You understand that 'pewność' can be qualified by various adjectives: 'całkowita' (total), 'stuprocentowa' (100%), 'niezachwiana' (unwavering), or 'względna' (relative). In debates, you might use the phrase 'graniczyć z pewnością' (to border on certainty) to argue a point that is highly likely but not yet proven. You are also expected to handle the genitive case perfectly in negative sentences and after prepositions. Your understanding of 'pewność siebie' matures; you can discuss it in the context of psychology, leadership, and social dynamics. You might write an essay comparing 'pewność' with 'wątpliwość' (doubt) as drivers of human progress. At B2, you also recognize the word in literature and more complex media, where it might be used metaphorically. You are no longer just 'sure' about things; you are analyzing the very nature of certainty itself in the Polish language.

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At the C1 level, your use of 'pewność' is sophisticated and stylistically varied. You can distinguish between the subtle shades of meaning provided by synonyms like 'przeświadczenie,' 'pewność,' and 'konstatacja.' You use 'pewność' in complex sentence structures, often combining it with advanced modal verbs and conditional moods. For example, 'Gdybym miał wówczas tę pewność, którą mam dzisiaj, postąpiłbym inaczej' (If I had then the certainty that I have today, I would have acted differently). You are familiar with idiomatic expressions and can use 'z całą pewnością' to manage the tone of your discourse, whether it's in a high-level business negotiation or a scholarly article. You understand the philosophical implications of 'pewność' in Polish thought, perhaps referencing how certainty is treated in Polish existentialist literature or logic. You can talk about 'poczucie pewności' (a sense of certainty) as a subjective experience vs. 'obiektywna pewność' (objective certainty). Your control over the word is total, allowing you to use it to express irony, emphasis, or professional authority with ease.

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At the C2 level, 'pewność' is a tool for precision and rhetorical power. You have a near-native grasp of all its collocations, including the most obscure and formal ones. You can engage in deep philosophical discussions about 'pewność epistemologiczna' (epistemological certainty) or the 'pewność zbawienia' (certainty of salvation) in theological texts. You recognize and can use the word in all registers, from the most elevated 'niechybność' to the most casual 'pewniak.' You understand how the word has evolved historically and how its usage in modern Polish reflects broader cultural shifts toward individualism and self-assurance. In writing, you use 'pewność' to create rhythm and emphasis, knowing exactly when a noun is more powerful than an adverb. You can analyze the use of the word in the works of great Polish writers like Gombrowicz or Miłosz, where 'pewność' is often contrasted with the absurdity of existence. At this level, your understanding of 'pewność' is not just linguistic, but cultural and intellectual, allowing you to use the word to navigate the highest levels of Polish society and discourse.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

pewność 30秒で

Pewność translates to certainty or confidence in English.
It is a feminine noun that follows specific case patterns, especially in negation.
The phrase 'pewność siebie' is the standard way to say self-confidence.
It is used in legal, scientific, and everyday conversational contexts.

The Polish noun pewność is a fundamental concept in the Polish language, primarily translating to the English word 'certainty' or 'confidence.' At its core, it describes a mental state where doubt is absent and one feels a total conviction about a fact, a person, or a future event. However, its usage is nuanced and spans across several semantic domains, from philosophical absolute truth to the psychological trait of self-assurance. In the Polish linguistic worldview, pewność is often treated as something that one 'has' (mieć pewność) or 'gains' (nabrać pewności), suggesting it is a possession or a state that can be acquired through evidence or experience.

Epistemological Certainty: This refers to the objective state of knowing something to be true without any shadow of a doubt. In scientific or legal contexts, this is the gold standard of evidence.
Psychological Confidence: When followed by the reflexive pronoun 'siebie' (pewność siebie), it transforms into 'self-confidence' or 'self-assurance,' describing a person's belief in their own abilities.

You will encounter this word in almost every facet of Polish life. In a courtroom, a judge might speak of 'pewność dowodów' (certainty of evidence). In a romantic relationship, one might seek 'pewność uczuć' (certainty of feelings). Even in simple daily interactions, the phrase 'z całą pewnością' (with all certainty) is used to emphasize agreement or confirmation.

Mam stuprocentową pewność, że klucze zostawiłem na stole w kuchni.

This sentence illustrates the most common way to express absolute conviction. The addition of the adjective 'stuprocentowa' (one-hundred percent) is a very common Polish intensifier. Furthermore, the concept of pewność is deeply linked to the adjective 'pewny,' which can mean both 'certain' and 'reliable.' This dual meaning suggests that in the Polish mind, that which is certain is also that which can be trusted. In professional settings, pewność is a key attribute. A leader must demonstrate 'pewność w podejmowaniu decyzji' (certainty in decision-making). Without it, a person might be perceived as 'niepewny' (uncertain/insecure). Interestingly, the word is also used in the context of safety and security. While 'bezpieczeństwo' is the direct word for safety, pewność provides the underlying feeling of stability that allows one to feel safe.

Jego pewność siebie pomogła mu wygrać ten trudny proces przed sądem.

This highlights the psychological aspect where the word describes an internal strength. To truly master this word, one must understand that it is not just about facts, but about the absence of hesitation. Whether you are discussing mathematics, emotions, or social standing, pewność is the anchor that holds your assertions in place.

Social Context: In Polish culture, expressing too much 'pewność siebie' can sometimes be viewed as arrogance (zarozumiałość) if not backed by actual skill, though this is changing in modern, corporate environments.

Finally, consider the phrase 'graniczyć z pewnością' (to border on certainty). This is a sophisticated way of saying that something is extremely likely, almost to the point of being a fact. It shows the gradient nature of the word—it is the ultimate destination on the scale of probability. In summary, pewność is more than just 'being sure'; it is the structural integrity of your beliefs and the foundation of your self-presentation in the Polish-speaking world.

Using pewność correctly requires an understanding of its grammatical requirements, particularly the cases it triggers and the verbs it commonly pairs with. The most frequent construction is 'mieć pewność,' which means 'to have certainty' or 'to be sure.' This verb-noun pair is often followed by the conjunction 'że' (that) to introduce the thing one is certain about. For example, 'Mam pewność, że to zadziała' (I am certain that this will work).

Genitive Case Usage: When you lack certainty, you use the genitive: 'Nie mam pewności.' This is a classic Polish negation rule. You might say, 'Nie mam pewności co do jego intencji' (I don't have certainty as to his intentions).
Prepositional Phrases: The phrase 'z pewnością' (with certainty/certainly) acts as an adverbial phrase. 'On z pewnością przyjdzie' means 'He will certainly come.'

Another critical usage is in the phrase 'pewność siebie.' Here, 'siebie' is the reflexive pronoun in the genitive case, literally 'certainty of oneself.' This is the standard way to say 'self-confidence.' You can describe someone as having 'dużą pewność siebie' (great self-confidence) or 'brak pewności siebie' (a lack of self-confidence).

Dyrektor mówił z taką pewnością, że nikt nie odważył się mu przerwać.

In this example, the instrumental case 'z pewnością' is used to describe the *manner* in which the director spoke. It suggests authority and conviction. If you want to talk about gaining confidence, you use the verb 'nabierać' or 'zyskać.' For instance, 'Z każdym dniem nabierała większej pewności w mówieniu po polsku' (With each day, she gained more confidence in speaking Polish). You will also see 'pewność' used with the preposition 'co do.' This is used to specify the object of the certainty. 'Nie mamy pewności co do wyników badań' (We don't have certainty regarding the test results). This is very common in academic and professional writing.

Czy możesz mi dać pewność, że projekt zostanie ukończony na czas?

Here, the word is used in the sense of a 'guarantee' or 'assurance.' When someone asks for 'pewność,' they are asking for a promise or a solid commitment.

Idiomatic Adverbs: 'Z całą pewnością' (with all certainty) is a stronger version of 'z pewnością.' It is used to leave no room for argument. 'To z całą pewnością najlepsza pizza w mieście.'

In philosophical or technical discussions, you might encounter 'pewność matematyczna' (mathematical certainty) or 'pewność moralna' (moral certainty). These phrases qualify the type of certainty being discussed. To conclude, mastering the use of pewność involves moving beyond simple translation and understanding how it functions as a noun that can be possessed, gained, lost, or used to modify the intensity of an entire sentence.

The word pewność is ubiquitous in Polish life, appearing in contexts ranging from high-stakes legal proceedings to casual coffee-shop gossip. If you tune into a Polish news channel like TVN24 or Polsat News, you will frequently hear political commentators discussing 'brak pewności na rynkach finansowych' (lack of certainty in financial markets). In this context, the word carries a weight of economic stability and predictability. Politicians often use the word to project strength, claiming 'mamy absolutną pewność, że nasze reformy przyniosą skutek' (we have absolute certainty that our reforms will bring results).

In the Courtroom: In Polish law, the principle of 'pewność prawa' (legal certainty) is a constitutional value. It means that laws should be clear and predictable so that citizens know the consequences of their actions.
In Sports Commentary: Commentators often talk about an athlete's 'pewność siebie.' For example, a tennis player might lose their 'pewność uderzenia' (certainty/consistency of their stroke) during a high-pressure match.

In everyday conversation, you'll hear the phrase 'dla pewności' (for certainty / just to be sure). This is perhaps the most common colloquial use. If someone is leaving the house and checks the stove twice, they might say, 'Sprawdzę jeszcze raz dla pewności' (I'll check once more just to be sure).

Wziąłem parasol dla pewności, choć prognoza nie zapowiadała deszczu.

This usage highlights the practical, cautious side of the Polish character. Another place you'll hear this word is in self-help and psychological contexts. The term 'pewność siebie' is a buzzword in Polish HR and coaching. Job advertisements often list 'pewność siebie i komunikatywność' (self-confidence and communicativeness) as required traits. In literature and film, pewność is often a thematic element. A character might struggle with 'brak pewności co do swojej tożsamości' (a lack of certainty regarding their identity). In Polish cinema, particularly in the works of Krzysztof Kieślowski, the search for moral certainty is a recurring motif.

Nigdy nie mamy stuprocentowej pewności, co przyniesie jutro.

This phrase is a common philosophical reflection in Polish culture, emphasizing the inherent unpredictability of life. You will also hear it in academic lectures, especially in mathematics and logic, where 'pewność dowodu' (certainty of proof) is the ultimate goal.

Advertising: Insurance companies and banks use the word 'pewność' to sell their products. Slogans like 'Twoja pewność na przyszłość' (Your certainty for the future) are common.

Even in the world of gambling or sports betting, people talk about a 'pewniak' (a sure thing/bet), which is a slang derivative of 'pewność.' If you hear someone say 'To jest pewniak!', they are telling you that the outcome is guaranteed. From the serious language of the law to the practical 'dla pewności' of daily chores, pewność is the word that defines the boundaries of what we know and what we believe.

For English speakers learning Polish, the noun pewność presents several pitfalls, primarily related to case endings, prepositional usage, and confusion with related words like 'pewnik' or the adjective 'pewny.' One of the most frequent errors is using the wrong case after the negation of 'mieć' (to have). In English, we say 'I don't have certainty.' In Polish, when you negate 'mieć,' the object must move from the accusative to the genitive case.

The Negation Trap: Incorrect: 'Nie mam pewność' (Nominative). Correct: 'Nie mam pewności' (Genitive). This is a classic B1-level mistake that separates intermediate learners from advanced ones.
Confusing 'Pewność' with 'Pewnik': A 'pewnik' is an axiom or a self-evident truth, often used in math or logic. 'Pewność' is the state of being certain. You cannot say 'Mam pewnik, że on przyjdzie.'

Another common issue is the confusion between 'z pewnością' and 'na pewno.' While both can be translated as 'certainly' or 'surely,' they are not always interchangeable. 'Na pewno' is much more common in spoken language and acts as a pure adverb. 'Z pewnością' is slightly more formal and literally means 'with certainty.' Using 'z pewnością' in a very casual setting might make you sound like a textbook.

Błąd: On pewność przyjdzie. Poprawnie: On na pewno przyjdzie / On z pewnością przyjdzie.

In the example above, the learner mistakenly uses the noun where an adverb is required. Remember that pewność is a noun and cannot modify a verb directly without a preposition. Furthermore, English speakers often struggle with the phrase 'pewność siebie.' They might try to say 'samopewność' or 'pewność własna,' which are incorrect. 'Pewność siebie' is the only natural way to express self-confidence. There is also the issue of the preposition 'do.' In English, we say 'certainty about.' In Polish, you can say 'pewność co do' + genitive, but you cannot say 'pewność o' or 'pewność na.' For example, 'Moja pewność co do jego sukcesu' is correct.

Błąd: Mam pewność o tym. Poprawnie: Mam pewność co do tego / Mam pewność, że tak jest.

This error occurs because learners try to translate the English 'about' directly. In Polish, 'co do' is the standard way to link certainty to its object when not using a 'że' clause.

Adjective Agreement: Because 'pewność' is feminine, learners often forget and use masculine adjectives. It must be 'całkowita pewność,' not 'całkowity pewność.'

Lastly, avoid using 'pewność' when you mean 'safety' (bezpieczeństwo) or 'security' (ochrona). While they are related, 'pewność' is about the mind, while 'bezpieczeństwo' is about the environment. By being aware of these grammatical and lexical nuances, you can avoid the most common traps and use pewność with the very confidence the word itself describes.

Polish is a rich language with many synonyms for pewność, each carrying its own specific nuance and register. Understanding these alternatives will help you sound more like a native speaker and allow you to express precise degrees of conviction. The most common synonym is przekonanie. While pewność implies an absolute lack of doubt, przekonanie is more like a 'conviction' or 'belief.' You might have a 'głębokie przekonanie' (deep conviction) that something is right, even if you don't have mathematical certainty.

Pewność vs. Przekonanie: 'Pewność' is often based on external evidence or absolute internal feeling. 'Przekonanie' is often the result of a thought process or a set of values.
Wiara: Meaning 'faith' or 'belief.' While you can have 'pewność' about a fact, you usually have 'wiara' in a person or a religious dogma. However, 'pewność' can sometimes be the result of 'wiara.'

If you are talking specifically about self-confidence, an alternative to 'pewność siebie' is asertywność. However, 'asertywność' is a more technical, psychological term referring to the ability to express one's needs and opinions firmly but respectfully. You can have 'pewność siebie' without being 'asertywny' (you might be arrogant instead).

Jego stanowczość w negocjacjach była imponująca.

In this example, 'stanowczość' (firmness/decisiveness) is used. This is a great word to use when 'pewność' manifests as an outward behavior in a professional setting. It implies that the person is not just certain, but also unyielding. Another interesting alternative is ufność (trust/confidence). This is often used in the context of trusting someone else. 'Ufność w czyjeś słowa' means having confidence in someone's words. For the opposite of certainty, you have niepewność (uncertainty) and wątpliwość (doubt). While 'niepewność' is a general state, 'wątpliwość' usually refers to a specific point of hesitation. You might have 'pewność' despite having a few 'wątpliwości.'

Mimo wątpliwości, ostatecznie zyskał pewność, że podjął dobrą decyzję.

This sentence shows how 'wątpliwość' and 'pewność' interact. In technical contexts, you might use wiarygodność (credibility/reliability). A source might have high 'wiarygodność,' giving you 'pewność' about the information it provides.

Zdecydowanie: This refers to 'decisiveness.' A 'zdecydowany' person acts with 'pewność.' It's a great adjective to describe the action resulting from certainty.

Lastly, consider bezwzględność. In some contexts, this can mean 'absoluteness' (e.g., 'bezwzględna pewność' - absolute certainty), though in other contexts, it means 'ruthlessness.' By learning these alternatives, you can navigate the subtle waters of Polish expression with much greater precision.

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

The suffix '-ość' is the standard Polish way to turn an adjective into an abstract noun, similar to '-ness' or '-ity' in English. Most Polish words for virtues and states end this way.

発音ガイド

UK /ˈpɛv.nɔɕt͡ɕ/

US /ˈpɛv.nɔʃt͡ʃ/

Penultimate syllable (PEW-ność).

韻が合う語

radość miłość przyszłość obecność wolność godność ufność wartość

よくある間違い

Pronouncing 'ść' as a hard 'st'.
Failing to devoice the 'w' to an 'f' sound before the 'n'.
Stress on the last syllable.
Pronouncing 'o' as an English 'oh' instead of a pure open 'o'.
Making the 'n' too long.

難易度

読解 3/5

Easy to recognize in text, but abstract meanings require context.

ライティング 4/5

Requires correct case usage (genitive) in negative sentences.

スピーキング 5/5

The 'ść' ending is difficult for non-natives to pronounce correctly.

リスニング 3/5

Clearly distinct from other words, but soft endings can be missed.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

pewny mieć że siebie nie

次に学ぶ

przekonanie wątpliwość zapewniać prawdopodobieństwo wiarygodność

上級

epistemologia niechybność pewnik asertywność stanowczość

知っておくべき文法

Genitive of Negation

Mam pewność -> Nie mam pewności.

Feminine Noun Declension (-ość)

Pewność (Nom), Pewności (Gen/Dat/Loc), Pewnością (Inst).

Reflexive Pronoun 'siebie'

Pewność siebie (Confidence in oneself).

Adjective-Noun Agreement

Całkowita pewność (Feminine endings).

Prepositional Case Trigger

Z pewnością (Instrumental case after 'z' meaning 'with').

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レベル別の例文

Mam pewność.

I have certainty (I am sure).

Simple subject-verb-noun structure.

Czy masz pewność?

Do you have certainty (Are you sure)?

Interrogative sentence using 'mieć'.

On ma pewność.

He is sure.

Third person singular of 'mieć'.

To jest pewność.

This is certainty.

Using 'to jest' to define a state.

Moja pewność.

My certainty.

Possessive pronoun with feminine noun.

Dobra pewność.

Good certainty (simple adjective use).

Adjective-noun agreement (feminine).

Mam dużą pewność.

I have great certainty.

Adding an adjective for scale.

Pewność jest ważna.

Certainty is important.

Simple predicate with an adjective.

Robię to dla pewności.

I am doing it for certainty (just to be sure).

Preposition 'dla' + genitive case.

Nie mam pewności.

I don't have certainty (I'm not sure).

Negation requires the genitive case 'pewności'.

Ona ma dużą pewność siebie.

She has a lot of self-confidence.

The phrase 'pewność siebie' means self-confidence.

Zyskałem pewność.

I gained certainty.

Past tense of 'zyskać' (to gain).

Pytam dla pewności.

I am asking just to be sure.

Common conversational phrase.

Twoja pewność mnie cieszy.

Your certainty makes me happy.

Noun acting as the subject of the sentence.

Brak pewności jest problemem.

A lack of certainty is a problem.

'Brak' (lack) always takes the genitive case.

Mam stuprocentową pewność.

I have 100% certainty.

Using a numerical adjective.

Mam pewność, że on kłamie.

I am certain that he is lying.

Using 'że' to introduce a subordinate clause.

Z całą pewnością to on to zrobił.

With all certainty, it was him who did it.

Emphatic adverbial phrase 'z całą pewnością'.

Musisz nabrać większej pewności siebie.

You must gain more self-confidence.

Verb 'nabrać' + genitive case.

Nie mamy pewności co do wyników.

We don't have certainty regarding the results.

'Co do' + genitive to specify the object.

Jego pewność w głosie była uspokajająca.

The certainty in his voice was calming.

Locative case 'w głosie' modifying the noun.

Straciłem pewność, czy to dobra droga.

I lost certainty whether this is the right way.

Using 'czy' (whether) after the noun.

To daje mi pewność na przyszłość.

This gives me certainty for the future.

Preposition 'na' + accusative for time.

Pewność siebie pomaga w pracy.

Self-confidence helps at work.

Compound noun as a concept.

Zasada pewności prawa jest kluczowa.

The principle of legal certainty is key.

Formal legal terminology.

To twierdzenie graniczy z pewnością.

This claim borders on certainty.

Idiomatic expression 'graniczyć z pewnością'.

Jego niezachwiana pewność budziła podziw.

His unwavering certainty inspired admiration.

Sophisticated adjective 'niezachwiana'.

Nie można mieć pewności w tak zmiennym świecie.

One cannot have certainty in such a changing world.

Impersonal construction 'nie można'.

Pewność matematyczna różni się od moralnej.

Mathematical certainty differs from moral [certainty].

Comparing two types of noun-adjective pairs.

Inwestorzy szukają pewności na rynku.

Investors are looking for certainty in the market.

Plural noun usage in professional context.

Ta informacja odebrała mi pewność siebie.

This information took away my self-confidence.

Verb 'odebrać' (to take away) + dative 'mi'.

Pewność jutra jest luksusem.

The certainty of tomorrow is a luxury.

Genitive 'jutra' as a possessive.

Pewność epistemologiczna jest przedmiotem sporu.

Epistemological certainty is a subject of dispute.

High-level academic terminology.

Działał z brawurową pewnością siebie.

He acted with bravado-filled self-confidence.

Advanced adjective 'brawurowa' in the instrumental case.

Jej pewność co do własnych racji była irytująca.

Her certainty regarding her own reasons was annoying.

Plural genitive 'racji'.

Poczucie pewności bywa złudne.

A sense of certainty can be deceptive.

Distinguishing 'sense' (poczucie) from 'state'.

Z całą stanowczością i pewnością odrzucam te zarzuty.

With all firmness and certainty, I reject these charges.

Rhetorical pairing of synonyms.

Brak pewności jutra paraliżował ich działania.

A lack of certainty about tomorrow paralyzed their actions.

Metaphorical use of 'paralyze'.

Zyskała pewność, że jej powołaniem jest sztuka.

She gained certainty that her calling is art.

Abstract concept of 'calling' (powołanie).

Pewność, z jaką się poruszał, świadczyła o jego statusie.

The certainty with which he moved testified to his status.

Relative clause 'z jaką'.

Kartezjańska pewność stała się fundamentem nowożytności.

Cartesian certainty became the foundation of modernity.

Historical/philosophical reference.

W poezji Herberta pewność jest kategorią etyczną.

In Herbert's poetry, certainty is an ethical category.

Literary analysis register.

Dogmatyczna pewność wyklucza dialog.

Dogmatic certainty excludes dialogue.

Abstract sociological observation.

Jego pewność siebie była jedynie maską dla głębokich kompleksów.

His self-confidence was merely a mask for deep complexes.

Psychological depth and metaphor.

Niechybność wyroku i pewność kary mają odstraszać.

The unerringness of the verdict and the certainty of punishment are meant to deter.

Use of the rare synonym 'niechybność'.

Pewność, że byt jest poznawalny, legła u podstaw nauki.

The certainty that being is knowable lay at the foundations of science.

Complex metaphysical sentence structure.

Z całą pewnością możemy stwierdzić, iż nastąpił regres.

With all certainty, we can state that a regression has occurred.

Use of the formal conjunction 'iż'.

Pewność siebie wirtuoza wynika z tysięcy godzin ćwiczeń.

A virtuoso's self-confidence results from thousands of hours of practice.

Professional/artistic context.

類義語

przekonanie ufność asertywność stanowczość zdecydowanie nieomylność kategoryczność bezwzględność

反対語

niepewność wątpliwość wahanie sceptycyzm

よく使う組み合わせ

mieć pewność

zyskać pewność

stracić pewność

stuprocentowa pewność

całkowita pewność

pewność siebie

dla pewności

z całą pewnością

graniczyć z pewnością

nabrać pewności

よく使うフレーズ

Mam pewność, że...

— I am sure that... This is the standard way to express certainty about a fact.

Mam pewność, że jutro będzie padać.

Dla pewności

— Just to be sure. Used when repeating an action to avoid mistakes.

Zadzwoń do niego jeszcze raz dla pewności.

Z całą pewnością

— Most certainly. Used for strong emphasis.

Z całą pewnością wygramy ten mecz.

Brak pewności

— A lack of certainty. Often used in economic or psychological contexts.

Brak pewności na giełdzie niepokoi inwestorów.

Pewność siebie

— Self-confidence. A person's belief in their own value or ability.

Jej pewność siebie jest godna podziwu.

Poczucie pewności

— A sense/feeling of certainty. Focuses on the internal emotion.

Dom daje nam poczucie pewności.

Zyskać pewność

— To gain certainty. Used when doubts are removed by evidence.

Dopiero po teście zyskałem pewność.

Mieć stuprocentową pewność

— To be 100% sure. A common conversational hyperbole.

Nigdy nie można mieć stuprocentowej pewności.

W granicach pewności

— Within the limits of certainty. Used in technical or logical discussions.

Mieścimy się w granicach pewności statystycznej.

Pewność jutra

— Certainty of tomorrow. Refers to stability in life.

Wojna odebrała im pewność jutra.

よく混同される語

pewność vs pewnik

A 'pewnik' is a mathematical axiom or an undeniable truth, while 'pewność' is the state of mind.

pewność vs pewniak

A 'pewniak' is a slang term for a 'sure thing' or a 'safe bet,' not used in formal contexts.

pewność vs bezpieczeństwo

While 'pewność' provides a feeling of security, 'bezpieczeństwo' refers to physical safety.

慣用句と表現

"Jak amen w pacierzu"

— As sure as 'amen' in a prayer. Used to say something is absolutely certain to happen.

On tu wróci, jak amen w pacierzu.

informal/traditional

"Na bank"

— Literally 'on the bank.' It means 'for sure' or 'guaranteed.'

To się uda na bank!

informal/slang

"Pewny jak dwa razy dwa cztery"

— As certain as two times two is four. Used for logical certainty.

To jest pewne jak dwa razy dwa cztery.

neutral

"Postawić na swoim"

— To stand one's ground or insist on one's way because of certainty.

Mimo oporu, postawił na swoim.

neutral

"Mieć coś w kieszeni"

— To have something in the pocket. To be certain of success/victory.

Mamy to zwycięstwo w kieszeni.

informal

"Jak w banku"

— Like in a bank. Guaranteed.

Masz to u mnie jak w banku.

informal

"Iść jak po swoje"

— To go as if for one's own. To act with extreme self-confidence/certainty of success.

Wyszedł na scenę i poszedł jak po swoje.

informal

"Brać coś za pewnik"

— To take something for granted/as an axiom.

Nie bierz mojej pomocy za pewnik.

neutral

"Mur-beton"

— Wall-concrete. Used to describe something that is absolutely certain or solid.

To będzie hit, mur-beton!

informal/slang

"Pewniak"

— A sure thing. Often used in betting or exams.

To pytanie to pewniak na egzaminie.

informal

間違えやすい

pewność vs pewnie

It looks like the noun but it is an adverb.

As an adverb, it often means 'probably' or 'likely' rather than 'certainly' in casual speech.

Pewnie jutro przyjdę (I'll probably come tomorrow).

pewność vs zapewne

Sounds similar to the root.

It means 'presumably' or 'most likely,' indicating a slightly lower level of certainty than 'z pewnością.'

Zapewne już o tym wiesz.

pewność vs upewnić

Verbal form.

It is the action of making sure, whereas 'pewność' is the result.

Muszę się upewnić.

pewność vs pewnik

Similar noun ending.

It is an objective 'sure thing' or 'axiom' in logic, not a subjective feeling.

To jest matematyczny pewnik.

pewność vs pewny

Adjective form.

Describes a person or thing, while 'pewność' describes the abstract concept.

Jestem pewny siebie.

文型パターン

Mam [noun].

Mam pewność.

[verb] dla pewności.

Pytam dla pewności.

Mam pewność, że [clause].

Mam pewność, że on przyjdzie.

Z [adjective] pewnością [verb].

Z całą pewnością wygramy.

Nie mam pewności co do [genitive].

Nie mam pewności co do tego planu.

[noun] graniczy z pewnością.

To twierdzenie graniczy z pewnością.

[noun] świadczy o [locative].

Jego pewność siebie świadczy o doświadczeniu.

[adjective] pewność [verb] fundament [genitive].

Absolutna pewność stanowi fundament jego filozofii.

語族

名詞

pewność

pewniak

pewnik

niepewność

動詞

upewnić

upewniać

zapewnić

zapewniać

形容詞

pewny

pewny siebie

niepewny

zapewniony

使い方

frequency

Very high in both spoken and written Polish.

よくある間違い

On ma duży pewność siebie. → On ma dużą pewność siebie.
'Pewność' is a feminine noun, so the adjective 'duży' must be in its feminine form 'dużą'.
Nie mam pewność. → Nie mam pewności.
After a negation, the object must be in the genitive case. 'Pewności' is the genitive of 'pewność'.
Mam pewność o tym. → Mam pewność co do tego.
The preposition 'o' is not used with 'pewność'. Use 'co do' followed by the genitive case.
To jest pewnik, że on przyjdzie. → To jest pewne, że on przyjdzie.
'Pewnik' is an axiom or a mathematical truth. For a regular fact, use the adjective 'pewne' or the noun 'pewność'.
Zyskałem pewność siebie w matematyce. → Zyskałem pewność w matematyce.
'Pewność siebie' refers to general self-confidence. If you are certain about a subject, just use 'pewność'.

ヒント

Master the Genitive

Always use 'pewności' after 'nie mam'. This is the most common mistake for B1 learners. Practice saying 'Nie mam pewności' until it becomes second nature.

Use Collocations

Instead of just saying 'Jestem pewny', try using 'Mam stuprocentową pewność'. It sounds more like a native speaker and adds more weight to your statement.

The Soft Ending

Don't rush the 'ść' at the end. If you pronounce it as a hard 'st', it will sound like a different word. Practice the soft 'sh-ch' sound repeatedly.

Confidence vs. Arrogance

In Poland, 'pewność siebie' is good, but 'zarozumiałość' (arrogance) is bad. Use 'pewność siebie' when talking about skills, but be modest about your achievements.

Bank on it

Use 'na bank' in casual conversation with friends to sound very natural. It’s the Polish equivalent of 'for sure' or 'totally'.

Formal Transitions

Use 'Z całą pewnością...' to transition between arguments in an essay. It helps build a logical flow and shows you are confident in your thesis.

Filter Words

Listen for 'no na pewno' in movies. It’s a very common way Poles agree with each other, often meaning 'yeah, for sure'.

Legal Certainty

If you read Polish news, you'll see 'pewność prawa' a lot. Understanding that this refers to predictable laws will help you follow political debates.

Sophisticated Synonyms

At the B2 level, start using 'przekonanie' instead of 'pewność' when you are talking about opinions rather than hard facts.

The Double Check

Incorporate 'dla pewności' into your daily routine. 'Sprawdzę dwa razy dla pewności' is a very common Polish habit and phrase.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Imagine a 'PEW' (church bench). Sitting on a pew gives you a feeling of stable CERTAINTY (pewność) during a service. It is solid and won't move.

視覚的連想

A heavy iron anchor. It represents the 'pewność' that keeps a ship (your mind) from drifting into the sea of doubt.

Word Web

Pewność Pewny Pewnie Na pewno Upewnić się Zapewnić Pewność siebie Niepewność

チャレンジ

Try to use 'dla pewności' three times today while performing your daily chores. For example, check your bag twice 'dla pewności' before leaving.

語源

Derived from the Proto-Slavic adjective *pivьnъ, meaning 'faithful,' 'reliable,' or 'constant.' This is related to the verb 'pić' (to drink) in an ancient sense of 'toasting' or 'making a pact over a drink.'

元の意味： Reliability, faithfulness, or the quality of being trustworthy.

Indo-European, Slavic, West Slavic.

文化的な背景

Avoid confusing 'pewność siebie' (self-confidence) with 'zarozumiałość' (arrogance). In Polish, the line between the two can be culturally thin.

English speakers often use 'confidence' and 'certainty' as distinct words. In Polish, 'pewność' covers both, but 'pewność siebie' is required for the personal trait.

René Descartes' 'Cogito ergo sum' is often discussed in Polish as 'pewność istnienia' (certainty of existence). The Polish legal system emphasizes 'pewność obrotu prawnego' (certainty of legal transactions). The song 'Pewność' by various Polish artists often deals with romantic assurance.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Professional/Business

pewność siebie
pewność inwestycji
zyskać pewność rynku
pewność co do strategii

Legal/Official

pewność prawa
pewność dowodów
z całą pewnością stwierdzam
brak pewności prawnej

Daily Life

dla pewności
na pewno
mam pewność
nie mam pewności

Psychology/Self-Help

budować pewność siebie
poczucie pewności
stracić pewność siebie
nabrać pewności

Science/Logic

pewność matematyczna
graniczyć z pewnością
pewnik
pewność wyniku

会話のきっかけ

"Czy masz pewność, że wybrałeś właściwy kierunek studiów?"

"Co pomaga ci budować większą pewność siebie w pracy?"

"Czy w dzisiejszym świecie można mieć pewność jutra?"

"Jak często robisz coś dwa razy tylko dla pewności?"

"Czy uważasz, że pewność siebie jest ważniejsza niż talent?"

日記のテーマ

Opisz sytuację, w której straciłeś pewność siebie i jak udało ci się ją odzyskać.

Czy wolisz mieć absolutną pewność, czy lubisz ryzyko i niepewność w życiu?

Napisz o rzeczy, co do której masz stuprocentową pewność, że jest prawdziwa.

Jak zmienia się twoja pewność siebie, gdy mówisz w języku obcym?

Zastanów się, dlaczego dla wielu ludzi pewność jutra jest tak ważna.

よくある質問

10 問

Both mean 'certainly.' 'Na pewno' is much more common in everyday speech and acts as a standard adverb. 'Z pewnością' is more formal and literally translates to 'with certainty.' Use 'na pewno' for casual situations and 'z pewnością' for writing or formal emphasis.

The correct phrase is 'pewność siebie.' It literally means 'certainty of oneself.' You can say 'On ma dużą pewność siebie' (He has a lot of self-confidence) or 'Ona nabrała pewności siebie' (She gained self-confidence).

In Polish, the direct object of a verb in the accusative case (like 'mieć pewność') must change to the genitive case when the verb is negated. Therefore, 'Mam pewność' becomes 'Nie mam pewności.' This is a fundamental rule of Polish grammar.

Not directly. 'Safety' is 'bezpieczeństwo.' However, you can use 'pewność' to describe the feeling of stability or reliability that leads to safety, such as 'pewność jutra' (certainty of tomorrow).

It is a feminine noun. You can tell because it ends in '-ość,' which is a common feminine suffix for abstract nouns in Polish. This means any adjectives describing it must also be feminine, like 'całkowita pewność.'

It means 'just to be sure' or 'for the sake of certainty.' It is used when you do something extra or double-check something to prevent an error. For example: 'Sprawdziłem drzwi dwa razy dla pewności.'

This is one of the hardest sounds for English speakers. It is a combination of 'ś' (soft sh) and 'ć' (soft ch). Try to keep your tongue flat against your palate and release a small burst of air.

Yes, in informal conversation, 'Pewnie!' is a common way to say 'Sure!' or 'Of course!' when someone asks you a question or makes a request.

A 'pewniak' is a slang noun for a 'sure thing.' It's often used when talking about a horse that is likely to win a race, a question that will definitely be on an exam, or a sports team that is guaranteed to win.

It is a legal term meaning 'legal certainty.' It refers to the principle that laws should be stable, clear, and predictable so that people know their rights and obligations without confusion.

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