Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
Connect two verbs by using the oblique infinitive form (verb + -ne) followed by a helper verb.
- Use the oblique infinitive (-ne) before verbs like 'chahna' (want): Main 'ne' khana khana chahta hoon.
- Use 'koshish' (try) with the oblique infinitive: Main likhne ki koshish kar raha hoon.
- Use 'shuru' (start) with the oblique infinitive: Usne bolna shuru kiya.
Overview
How This Grammar Works
- 1主語の格: 主語に
neタグが付くか？ 主格のままか？ メイン動詞が決定し、通常は2つ目の動詞を完全に無視します。 - 2一致（魔法のトリック）: 時々、メイン動詞は *2つ目* の動詞の目的語に、*1つ目* の動詞の性別と数を決めさせます。これを 長距離一致 (Long Distance Agreement) と呼びます。
Formation Pattern
maĩ ye karnā cāhtā hū̃ (私はこれがしたい)。
-nā から -ne に強制的に変えます。
vo jāne lagā (彼は行き始めた)。
When To Use It
- 願望と計画: ドラマを一気見したいとき (
dekhnā cāhtā hū̃)。 - 変化: WiFiが調子悪くなり始めたとき (
aṭakne lagā)。 - 許可と能力: 友達が奢らせてくれないとき (
paisa nahī̃ dene detā)。
Common Mistakes
neウイルス: 学習者は、*2つ目* の動詞が他動詞だというだけで、主語にneを付けがちです。間違いです！ メイン動詞が自動詞（*karne jānā* の *jānā* のように）であれば、決してneは使いません。nāとneの混同: *lagnā* と一緒に直接不定詞を使ってしまう。
Contrast With Similar Patterns
- 単純未来 vs
cāhnā: - 未来:
maĩ jāū̃gā(行きます)。 - コントロール:
maĩ jānā cāhtā hū̃(行きたいです)。
Quick FAQ
なぜ karne lagā と言うのに、karnā cāhā と言うのですか？
言語の純粋な習慣です。Lagnā は斜格（ne）を要求する前置詞的な力として働きますが、cāhnā は動作を直接目的語（nā）のように扱います。
動詞を分割できますか？ jānā ghar cāhtā hū̃ のように。
いいえ、くっつけたままにしてください。Ghar jānā cāhtā hū̃。
Verb Chain Formation
| Infinitive | Oblique (-ne) | Helper Verb | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Khana
|
Khane
|
Chahta hoon
|
Main khane chahta hoon
|
|
Padhna
|
Padhne
|
Ki koshish
|
Main padhne ki koshish
|
|
Jana
|
Jane
|
Laga
|
Woh jane laga
|
|
Bolna
|
Bolne
|
Shuru kiya
|
Usne bolne shuru kiya
|
|
Likhna
|
Likhne
|
Chahti hai
|
Woh likhne chahti hai
|
|
Khelna
|
Khelne
|
Ki koshish
|
Hum khelne ki koshish
|
Meanings
This grammar allows you to chain two verbs together, where the first verb acts as the object or purpose of the second.
Desire/Intent
Expressing a wish to perform an action.
“Main padhna chahta hoon.”
“Kya tum khelna chahte ho?”
Attempt/Effort
Trying to perform an action.
“Main samajhne ki koshish kar raha hoon.”
“Usne rukne ki koshish ki.”
Inception
Starting an action.
“Barish hona shuru ho gayi.”
“Maine likhna shuru kiya.”
Reference Table
| メインの動詞 | 必要な形 | 例文 | 意味 |
|---|---|---|---|
|
cāhnā (〜したい)
|
直説法 (-nā)
|
maĩ jānā cāhtā hū̃
|
私は行きたいです
|
|
saknā (〜できる)
|
語幹のみ (nāなし)
|
maĩ jā saktā hū̃
|
私は行けます
|
|
lagnā (〜し始める)
|
斜格 (-ne)
|
vo jāne lagā
|
彼は行き始めた
|
|
denā (〜させる)
|
斜格 (-ne)
|
usne mujhe jāne diyā
|
彼は私を行かせてくれた
|
|
pānā (〜し遂げる)
|
直説法 (-nā)
|
maĩ nahī̃ kar pāyā
|
私はできなかった（やり遂げられなかった）
|
|
paṛnā (〜しなければならない)
|
直説法 (-nā)
|
mujhe jānā paṛā
|
私は行かなければならなかった
|
フォーマル度スペクトル
Main jana chahta hoon. (General)
Main jana chahta hoon. (General)
Main jana chahta hoon. (General)
Jana hai. (General)
メイン動詞の太陽系
直説法チーム (-nā)
- cāhnā 〜したい
- jānnā やり方を知っている
斜格チーム (-ne)
- lagnā 〜し始める
- denā 〜させる
語幹チーム (接尾辞なし)
- saknā 〜できる
- cūknā 〜し終える
Lagnā vs. Cāhnā
正しいコネクターの選び方
メイン動詞は 'saknā' (できる) ですか？
'lagnā' か 'denā' ですか？
よく使う複合動詞
能力
- • saknā
- • pānā
許可
- • denā
- • mānnā
願望
- • cāhnā
- • pasand karnā
レベル別の例文
Main sona chahta hoon.
I want to sleep.
Kya tum khelna chahte ho?
Do you want to play?
Woh khana chahti hai.
She wants to eat.
Hum jana chahte hain.
We want to go.
Main likhne ki koshish kar raha hoon.
I am trying to write.
Usne bolna shuru kiya.
He started to speak.
Kya tum seekhne ki koshish karoge?
Will you try to learn?
Woh sone lagi.
She started to sleep.
Maine kaam khatam karne ki koshish ki.
I tried to finish the work.
Woh mujhse milne aana chahta hai.
He wants to come to meet me.
Barish hona shuru ho gayi.
It started to rain.
Humne samajhne ki koshish ki.
We tried to understand.
Usne mujhe samjhane ki koshish ki.
He tried to make me understand.
Main apni galti sudharne ki koshish kar raha hoon.
I am trying to correct my mistake.
Woh bina bole jane lagi.
She started to leave without speaking.
Kya tumne ise karne ki koshish ki?
Did you try to do this?
Main is vishay par charcha karna chahta hoon.
I want to discuss this topic.
Usne apni baat spasht karne ki koshish ki.
He tried to clarify his point.
Woh naye project par kaam shuru karna chahti hai.
She wants to start working on the new project.
Humne sthiti ko sudharne ki koshish ki.
We tried to improve the situation.
Vah apni kshamataon ko viksit karne ki koshish mein hai.
He is in the process of trying to develop his abilities.
Usne kathinaiyon ke bavjood aage badhne ki koshish ki.
He tried to move forward despite the difficulties.
Sarkar ne naye niyam lagoo karne ki koshish ki hai.
The government has tried to implement new rules.
Woh apni pehchan banane ki koshish kar rahi hai.
She is trying to build her identity.
間違えやすい
Both can express desire or start, but 'chahna' is active desire while 'lagna' is passive onset.
They mean the same, but 'prayas' is formal.
Learners use -na everywhere.
よくある間違い
Main khana chahta hoon
Main khane chahta hoon
Main jana
Main jana chahta hoon
Main chahta hoon khana
Main khana chahta hoon
Main khane ki chahta hoon
Main khane chahta hoon
Main koshish kar raha hoon likhna
Main likhne ki koshish kar raha hoon
Usne shuru kiya bolna
Usne bolna shuru kiya
Main seekhne koshish ki
Main seekhne ki koshish ki
Woh jane lagi thi
Woh jane lagi
Maine koshish ki likhne
Maine likhne ki koshish ki
Woh bolne shuru kar rahi hai
Woh bolna shuru kar rahi hai
Main chahna hoon
Main chahta hoon
Usne koshish ki hai ki woh likhe
Usne likhne ki koshish ki hai
Main jana chahta
Main jana chahta hoon
Woh shuru kiya
Usne shuru kiya
文型パターン
Main ___ chahta hoon.
Main ___ ki koshish kar raha hoon.
Usne ___ shuru kiya.
Kya tum ___ chahte ho?
Real World Usage
Main aana chahta hoon.
Main is role mein kaam karna chahta hoon.
Main pizza order karna chahta hoon.
Main ticket book karna chahta hoon.
Main naya video shuru karna chahta hoon.
Humne vishay ko samajhne ka prayas kiya.
「lagnā」の落とし穴
vo ab jāne lagā
丁寧なお願いの仕方
kripayā mujhe bolne dījiye
上級者向けの「性の一致」
maĩ gāṛī calānī cāhtā hū̃
Smart Tips
Always check if the first one needs to be in the oblique -ne form.
Think of 'ki' as a bridge. No bridge, no connection.
Remember it's a compound verb: 'shuru karna'.
Use 'prayas' to elevate your register.
発音
Oblique -ne
The 'e' sound is short and nasalized if followed by a nasal consonant.
Rising for questions
Kya tum jana chahte ho? ↑
Indicates a yes/no question.
暗記しよう
記憶術
The 'NE' is the KEY to the chain. If you want to link, use the NE.
視覚的連想
Imagine a chain where every link has the letters 'N-E' engraved on it. You cannot connect the two metal rings (verbs) without this specific link.
Rhyme
When two verbs meet and want to be one, change the first to NE and the job is done.
Story
Rohan wanted to run. He looked at the verb 'daudna'. He chopped off the 'na' and added 'ne'. Now he could say 'Rohan daudne chahta hai'. He tried to jump, so he added 'ki koshish'. He started to fly, so he added 'shuru kiya'.
Word Web
チャレンジ
Write 5 sentences about your day using 'want to', 'try to', and 'start to' in Hindi.
文化メモ
The usage of 'chahna' is very direct. In formal settings, people might use 'ichha' (desire) instead.
You will hear 'shuru' used very frequently in daily speech.
In academic writing, 'prayas' is preferred over 'koshish'.
The oblique infinitive is derived from the Sanskrit gerundive forms.
会話のきっかけ
Tum kya karna chahte ho?
Kya tumne kabhi seekhne ki koshish ki hai?
Tumne kab shuru kiya?
Kya tum is project ko shuru karna chahte ho?
日記のテーマ
よくある間違い
Test Yourself
Woh angrezi ___ lagā. (彼は英語を話し始めた)
「私は寝たいです」を正しく言っているのはどれ？
Find and fix the mistake:
Usne mujhe bāt karnā diyā.
Score: /3
練習問題
8 exercisesMain jana ___ hoon.
Which is correct?
Find and fix the mistake:
Main koshish kar raha hoon likhna.
shuru / bolna / usne / kiya
I want to sleep.
Woh (jana) chahti hai.
Match: Khana, Padhna, Jana
A: Kya tum khelna chahte ho? B: Haan, main ___.
Score: /8
Practice Bank
13 exercisesRām ne gāṛī ___ cāhī. (ラムは車を運転したかった - 女性名詞 gāṛī との一致に注意)
Mujhe ab ___ paṛegā. (私はもう行かなければならないでしょう)
「私はこれができます」はどう言いますか？
Woh rone shuru huā.
メイン動詞と、それが要求する形を組み合わせてください。
cāhtā / hū̃ / main / ghar / jānā
私は彼に話させてあげました。
Rām ne khānā ___ cāhā.
Tum kyā ___ cāhte ho?
Usne jānā lagā.
Main nahī̃ ā ___.
「勉強しなきゃ」という義務感があるのはどれ？
考えさせて。
Score: /13
よくある質問 (8)
In Hindi, when a verb acts as the object of another verb, it must be in the oblique case, which is marked by -ne.
Yes, 'koshish' is a noun that requires the possessive/linking particle 'ki' to connect to the infinitive verb.
Yes, just conjugate the helper verb (chahta/shuru kiya) into the past tense.
No, it is neutral and used in all registers.
The helper verb 'chahta' becomes 'chahti'.
Yes, just add 'nahi' before the helper verb.
'Shuru' is often used as part of a compound verb 'shuru karna'.
Some verbs don't follow this, but they are rare and usually involve specific idiomatic structures.
Scaffolded Practice
1
2
3
4
Mastery Progress
Needs Practice
Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
Querer + infinitive
Spanish doesn't change the infinitive form.
Vouloir + infinitive
French uses particles like 'de' for other verbs, unlike Hindi's consistent -ne.
Modal verbs + infinitive
German word order moves the infinitive to the end of the sentence.
Tai-form
Japanese is agglutinative; Hindi uses a separate helper verb.
Uridu an + subjunctive
Arabic requires a full conjugated clause, not an infinitive.
Xiang + verb
Chinese has no verb conjugation or oblique cases.
Learning Path
Prerequisites
Learn These First
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