chocalhar 30秒で
- Chocalhar means to shake a container to produce a rattling or jingling sound.
- It comes from 'chocalho', the Portuguese word for a cowbell or a baby's rattle.
- Commonly used for piggy banks, spray cans, cocktail shakers, and loose car parts.
- It is a regular -ar verb, easy to conjugate, but requires careful 'lh' pronunciation.
The Portuguese verb chocalhar is a fascinating and highly sensory word that primarily describes the act of shaking a container to hear or feel the contents inside, or the resulting sound of objects hitting each other within that container. It is deeply rooted in the physical world, evocative of the specific clattering, rattling, or jingling noise produced when things like coins in a jar, seeds in a gourd, or liquid in a half-empty bottle are agitated. While the English word 'rattle' covers some of this ground, chocalhar often implies a purposeful action or a very specific type of metallic or hollow resonance that is unique to the objects being moved.
- Physical Agitation
- This is the most common usage. When you pick up a gift box and shake it to guess what is inside, you are 'chocalhando' the box. It suggests a rhythmic, often repetitive motion intended to provoke a sound response.
- Acoustic Property
- The verb can also describe the sound itself. A cowbell (chocalho) 'chocalha' as the cow moves. Here, the focus is not on an external person shaking the object, but on the object emitting the sound through its own movement.
- Metaphorical Confusion
- In some regional or literary contexts, it can mean to disturb or to 'shake up' someone's thoughts or feelings, though this is less common than 'abalar' or 'mexer com'. It implies a sense of internal rattling or lack of stability.
O menino começou a chocalhar o seu mealheiro para ouvir o som das moedas caindo.
Understanding chocalhar requires an appreciation for Portuguese rural life where the 'chocalho' (cowbell) was an essential tool for shepherds. This heritage gives the verb a rustic, tactile quality. It is not just 'shaking' (sacudir); it is shaking with the intent of creating that specific 'clack-clack' or 'jingle-jingle' sound. If you shake a rug to get dust out, you use sacudir. If you shake a spray paint can to mix the ball inside, you use chocalhar.
Não deves chocalhar a garrafa de vinho antes de a abrir.
- Regional Nuance
- In Brazil, you might hear 'sacudir' or 'agitar' more frequently in urban settings, but 'chocalhar' remains the precise term for the rattling sound of a rattle (chocalho de bebê) or a rattlesnake (cascavel).
A serpente começou a chocalhar a cauda como um aviso.
Using chocalhar correctly involves understanding its transitivity. It can be used as a transitive verb (shaking something) or an intransitive verb (something making a rattling sound). It is a regular '-ar' verb, making it relatively straightforward to conjugate in all tenses. However, its effectiveness in speech comes from choosing it over more generic verbs like 'mexer' (to move/mix) or 'balançar' (to sway).
- Direct Object Usage
- When you act upon an object: 'Eu chocalhei a lata' (I shook the can). This implies a vigorous, usually up-and-down or side-to-side motion to check the contents or mix them.
- Intransitive Usage
- When the object is the subject of the sound: 'As chaves chocalhavam no bolso dele' (The keys were rattling in his pocket). Here, the movement is incidental to the subject's walking.
Ela chocalhou os dados antes de os lançar sobre a mesa.
In more complex sentence structures, chocalhar can be used in the gerund form to describe a continuous background noise. For example, 'Ouvíamos o chocalhar das ferramentas na carrinha' (We heard the rattling of the tools in the van). Notice how 'chocalhar' here functions as a verbal noun (the rattling), which is a common feature in Portuguese where the infinitive serves as a noun.
Ao caminhar, o prisioneiro fazia chocalhar as suas correntes pesadas.
- Common Tense Usage
- In the Imperfect (Pretérito Imperfeito), it is used for setting a scene: 'O vento fazia chocalhar as janelas velhas' (The wind made the old windows rattle). In the Perfect (Pretérito Perfeito), it denotes a completed action: 'Ele chocalhou a caixa e percebeu que estava vazia' (He shook the box and realized it was empty).
Se chocalhares esse frasco de comprimidos, vais acordar o bebé.
You will encounter chocalhar in several distinct environments, from the domestic to the industrial and the natural. It is a word that bridges the gap between everyday chores and specific technical actions. One of the most common places is in the kitchen or behind a bar. A bartender making a cocktail will 'chocalhar a coqueteleira' (shake the shaker). This isn't just mixing; it's the specific rhythmic sound of ice against metal.
- In the Nursery
- Parents and caregivers use it constantly when playing with infants. 'Vou chocalhar o brinquedo para ele rir' (I'm going to rattle the toy to make him laugh). The toy itself is called a 'chocalho'.
- In Nature and Wildlife
- Documentaries or nature walks might feature the word when describing animals. A dry seed pod in the wind 'chocalha', or a 'cascavel' (rattlesnake) uses its tail to 'chocalhar' a warning to predators.
O barman começou a chocalhar o gelo com vigor para arrefecer a bebida.
In a modern, urban context, you might hear it when discussing car problems. If a part of the engine is loose, a mechanic might say 'Há algo a chocalhar debaixo do capô' (There is something rattling under the hood). This indicates a diagnostic sound—something is loose and hitting something else. It is also used in the context of medicine; shaking a bottle of liquid medication before use is a standard instruction: 'Chocalhe bem antes de usar'.
O mecânico disse que o barulho era apenas um parafuso a chocalhar no motor.
- Artistic Usage
- In music, specifically percussion, 'chocalhar' describes the technique used for instruments like the 'ganzá' or 'shakers' in Samba and Bossa Nova. The musician 'chocalha' the instrument to maintain the rhythm.
Durante o concerto, podíamos ouvir o percussionista chocalhar as maracas.
While chocalhar is a specific verb, learners often confuse it with more general verbs for shaking or moving. The most common error is using 'sacudir' when 'chocalhar' is more appropriate, or vice versa. Understanding the nuance of the sound produced is key to avoiding these pitfalls.
- Chocalhar vs. Sacudir
- 'Sacudir' is used for shaking dust off a rug, shaking hands (sacudir as mãos), or shaking someone to wake them up. It doesn't necessarily imply a rattling sound. 'Chocalhar' is strictly for when there is a container and a resulting clatter or jingle.
- Chocalhar vs. Abanar
- 'Abanar' means to wag (like a dog's tail) or to fan oneself. It is a gentler, more rhythmic side-to-side motion. You wouldn't 'abanar' a piggy bank to hear the coins; you would 'chocalhar' it.
Errado: Eu vou sacudir o mealheiro para ver se tem dinheiro.
Correto: Eu vou chocalhar o mealheiro para ver se tem dinheiro.
Another mistake involves the 'lh' sound. This is a palatal lateral approximant, similar to the 'lli' in 'million'. Learners often simplify it to a 'y' sound (chocayar), but the tongue must touch the roof of the mouth to produce the correct 'lh' sound. Failing to do this can make the word difficult for native speakers to recognize in fast speech.
Não confunda chocalhar (rattle) com chacoalhar (a common Brazilian variant for vigorous shaking).
- Contextual Error
- Using 'chocalhar' for liquid in a full glass is a mistake. If the glass is full, it won't rattle. You would use 'entornar' (spill) or 'agitar' (agitate). 'Chocalhar' requires that 'empty space' (gap) that allows objects or liquids to hit the sides of the container.
Portuguese is rich in verbs of motion and sound. While chocalhar is specific, there are several alternatives that might be more appropriate depending on the intensity, the object, or the desired sound effect. Understanding these synonyms helps in fine-tuning your vocabulary and sounding more like a native speaker.
- Agitar vs. Chocalhar
- 'Agitar' is more formal and general. It is used in scientific contexts (agitar a solução) or political ones (agitar as massas). It doesn't imply the 'clatter' that 'chocalhar' does. Use 'agitar' for mixing liquids smoothly.
- Tilintar vs. Chocalhar
- 'Tilintar' is specifically for a high-pitched 'tinkling' sound, like crystal glasses clinking or small silver coins. 'Chocalhar' is deeper, more hollow, and more rhythmic. You 'tilinta' glasses in a toast, but you 'chocalha' a spray can.
- Sacudir vs. Chocalhar
- As mentioned before, 'sacudir' is the broad term for shaking. If you are unsure, 'sacudir' is a safe bet, but 'chocalhar' adds a layer of descriptive 'flavor' that describes the sound of the shake.
O vento fazia chocalhar as janelas, enquanto os cristais no lustre apenas tilintavam.
In Brazilian Portuguese, the word chacoalhar is extremely common and often replaces chocalhar in almost all informal contexts. It sounds slightly more vigorous. If you are in Lisbon, stick to chocalhar; if you are in Rio de Janeiro, chacoalhar will sound more natural for shaking a drink or a person.
Ele estremeceu de frio, fazendo chocalhar os dentes.
- Ganzar
- A very specific musical term used in Brazil for playing the 'ganzá' (a rattle instrument). It is essentially a specialized form of 'chocalhar'.
発音ガイド
- Pronouncing 'ch' as 'tch' (like chair).
- Pronouncing 'lh' as a simple 'l' or 'y'.
- Stressing the second-to-last syllable instead of the last.
- Making the 'o' too open in European Portuguese.
- Replacing 'lh' with 'li' (chocaliar).
レベル別の例文
Eu chocalho o meu mealheiro.
I shake my piggy bank.
Present tense, 1st person singular.
O bebé gosta de chocalhar o brinquedo.
The baby likes to shake the toy.
Infinitive after the verb 'gostar de'.
Tu chocalhas a caixa?
Do you shake the box?
Present tense, 2nd person singular.
Nós chocalhamos as chaves.
We shake the keys.
Present tense, 1st person plural.
Eles chocalham a lata de tinta.
They shake the paint can.
Present tense, 3rd person plural.
Ela chocalha o frasco de remédio.
She shakes the medicine bottle.
Present tense, 3rd person singular.
O chocalho chocalha muito.
The rattle rattles a lot.
Subject-verb agreement with 'chocalho'.
Não chocalhes a mesa!
Don't shake the table!
Imperative negative (informal).
Ontem, eu chocalhei o sumo antes de beber.
Yesterday, I shook the juice before drinking.
Pretérito Perfeito (Past tense).
Ela chocalhou a porta, mas estava trancada.
She rattled the door, but it was locked.
Pretérito Perfeito, 3rd person.
Os meninos chocalharam os presentes de Natal.
The boys shook the Christmas presents.
Pretérito Perfeito, 3rd person plural.
O vento chocalhou as janelas durante a noite.
The wind rattled the windows during the night.
Pretérito Perfeito, subject is 'o vento'.
Nós ouvimos as moedas a chocalhar no bolso.
We heard the coins rattling in the pocket.
Gerund construction 'a + infinitive'.
Você chocalhou o dado para jogar?
Did you shake the die to play?
Interrogative in the past tense.
O cão fez chocalhar a sua coleira.
The dog made its collar rattle.
Causative construction 'fazer + infinitive'.
Eu não chocalhei o frasco com força.
I didn't shake the bottle hard.
Negative past tense.
Enquanto eu caminhava, as chaves chocalhavam no meu bolso.
While I was walking, the keys were rattling in my pocket.
Pretérito Imperfeito for continuous past action.
O barman chocalhava a coqueteleira com muito estilo.
The bartender was shaking the shaker with a lot of style.
Pretérito Imperfeito for description.
Se chocalhares a caixa, vais saber o que tem dentro.
If you shake the box, you will know what's inside.
Future Subjunctive in a conditional 'if' clause.
É preciso chocalhar bem o spray antes de usar.
It is necessary to shake the spray well before using.
Impersonal expression 'é preciso' + infinitive.
O barulho de algo a chocalhar no motor preocupou o condutor.
The sound of something rattling in the engine worried the driver.
Infinitive used as a gerund.
Ela parou de chocalhar as pulseiras quando o filme começou.
She stopped rattling her bracelets when the movie started.
Verb 'parar de' + infinitive.
Antigamente, as vacas chocalhavam pelos campos do Alentejo.
In the old days, cows used to rattle (their bells) through the fields of Alentejo.
Pretérito Imperfeito for habitual past action.
Não vale a pena chocalhar o mealheiro, eu sei que está vazio.
It's not worth shaking the piggy bank, I know it's empty.
Idiomatic expression 'não vale a pena'.
Duvido que ele chocalhe o frasco tempo suficiente.
I doubt that he will shake the bottle long enough.
Present Subjunctive after 'duvidar que'.
O gelo chocalhava contra o vidro do copo enquanto ela bebia.
The ice was rattling against the glass as she drank.
Pretérito Imperfeito with preposition 'contra'.
Ao chocalhar a árvore, várias maçãs caíram no chão.
Upon shaking the tree, several apples fell to the ground.
Prepositional infinitive 'ao + infinitive' (when/upon).
Senti algo a chocalhar dentro da minha mochila, talvez fosse a caneta.
I felt something rattling inside my backpack, maybe it was the pen.
Perception verb 'sentir' + object + gerund construction.
O som das ferramentas a chocalhar na carrinha era ensurdecedor.
The sound of the tools rattling in the van was deafening.
Verbal noun construction.
Se tivesses chocalhado a lata, terias percebido que a tinta secou.
If you had shaken the can, you would have realized the paint dried.
Past Conditional (Conditional Perfect).
O percussionista começou a chocalhar o ganzá, dando início ao samba.
The percussionist started shaking the ganzá, starting the samba.
Specific musical context.
A cascavel chocalha a cauda para avisar os intrusos.
The rattlesnake rattles its tail to warn intruders.
Biological description.
O constante chocalhar dos arreios dos cavalos acompanhava a carruagem.
The constant rattling of the horse harnesses accompanied the carriage.
Infinitive used as a formal noun with an adjective.
Embora o vento fizesse chocalhar as persianas, ele continuou a dormir.
Although the wind made the shutters rattle, he continued to sleep.
Concessive clause with 'embora' + subjunctive.
A notícia veio chocalhar as suas convicções mais profundas.
The news came to shake (rattle) his deepest convictions.
Metaphorical usage of the verb.
Era impossível não chocalhar os dentes com aquele frio glacial.
It was impossible not to chatter (rattle) one's teeth in that glacial cold.
Idiomatic physical description.
O autor utiliza o som do chocalhar para simbolizar a inquietude da personagem.
The author uses the sound of rattling to symbolize the character's restlessness.
Literary analysis context.
Caso chocalhes o recipiente com demasiada força, poderás danificar o conteúdo.
In case you shake the container with too much force, you might damage the contents.
Conditional clause with 'caso' + subjunctive.
O chocalhar das correntes nas masmorras era o único som audível.
The rattling of chains in the dungeons was the only audible sound.
Atmospheric description.
Ele tentou chocalhar a memória em busca de uma resposta esquecida.
He tried to rattle (jog) his memory in search of a forgotten answer.
Metaphorical usage ('chocalhar a memória').
O eco do chocalhar dos rebanhos ressoava solenemente pelo vale ao crepúsculo.
The echo of the herds' rattling (bells) resonated solemnly through the valley at twilight.
Highly descriptive, formal prose.
A precariedade da estrutura fazia-a chocalhar perante a mais leve brisa.
The precariousness of the structure made it rattle before the slightest breeze.
Abstract noun subject and complex syntax.
Não obstante o chocalhar incessante, ele manteve a sua concentração imperturbável.
Notwithstanding the incessant rattling, he maintained his unshakeable concentration.
Formal connector 'não obstante'.
A dinâmica política atual parece chocalhar as estruturas da democracia europeia.
The current political dynamic seems to shake (rattle) the structures of European democracy.
Sophisticated metaphorical application.
O artesão explicou que o segredo reside na forma como o metal é batido para chocalhar com clareza.
The craftsman explained that the secret lies in how the metal is beaten to rattle with clarity.
Technical/Artisanal context.
Pudemos observar o chocalhar rítmico das sementes dentro da cabaça seca.
We could observe the rhythmic rattling of the seeds inside the dry gourd.
Scientific/Observational tone.
A ironia da situação fez chocalhar o seu habitual cinismo.
The irony of the situation rattled his habitual cynicism.
Psychological/Philosophical metaphor.
Sob o peso da responsabilidade, as suas pernas começaram a chocalhar involuntariamente.
Under the weight of responsibility, his legs began to rattle (shake) involuntarily.
Physical manifestation of emotion.
よく使う組み合わせ
よく使うフレーズ
— To move your body, often used for dancing or exercise. It's a bit old-fashioned.
Vamos lá chocalhar os ossos na pista de dança!
— To shake one's head, usually in disbelief or to clear one's thoughts.
Ele chocalhou a cabeça para tentar acordar.
— To give someone a shake or a wake-up call (metaphorical).
Ele precisava que a vida lhe desse um chocalho.
— To brainstorm or rethink things vigorously.
Precisamos de chocalhar as ideias para este projeto.
— To shake with laughter (more common as 'sacudir-se de rir').
Eles chocalhavam de rir com a piada.
— To shake the tree (often to get fruit).
Se chocalhares a árvore, as nozes caem.
— Rattling everywhere.
As ferramentas estavam a chocalhar por todo o lado na carrinha.
慣用句と表現
— To wag the tail (mostly for dogs, but sometimes used playfully for people dancing).
O cão começou a chocalhar o rabo mal me viu.
informal— To shake one's ears (often said of animals or metaphorically for not paying attention).
O burro chocalhou as orelhas e continuou a andar.
colloquial— To be left rattling (often meaning to be confused or left unstable after an event).
Depois daquela notícia, ele ficou a chocalhar.
slang/regional— Proverb: It's better to have a constant warning than a sudden shock.
Como diz o ditado, mais vale um chocalho no pescoço...
proverbial— To disturb one's conscience.
Aquelas palavras vieram chocalhar a minha consciência.
literary— To change things drastically.
Essa nova invenção vai chocalhar o mundo.
journalistic— To reveal or stir up hidden things.
Não devias ter vindo chocalhar a caixa dos segredos.
metaphorical— To drive someone crazy or disturb their reason.
Este barulho está a chocalhar-me o juízo.
informal— In football (soccer), to score a goal (shaking the net).
O avançado chocalhou a rede nos últimos minutos.
sports語族
名詞
Summary
The essence of 'chocalhar' is the combination of movement and noise. Use it when you want to describe the specific sound of objects hitting each other inside a container, like 'chocalhar o mealheiro' (shaking the piggy bank).
- Chocalhar means to shake a container to produce a rattling or jingling sound.
- It comes from 'chocalho', the Portuguese word for a cowbell or a baby's rattle.
- Commonly used for piggy banks, spray cans, cocktail shakers, and loose car parts.
- It is a regular -ar verb, easy to conjugate, but requires careful 'lh' pronunciation.
関連コンテンツ
natureの関連語
à beira
B1On the edge or brink of.
à beira de
B1〜の縁に；〜の寸前に。物理的な場所や、今にも起こりそうな状態を表します。
à distância
A2遠くから、遠隔で。
a favor de
B1In favor of; supporting.
à sombra
A2日陰で (Hikage de). '日陰で休みましょう (Vamos descansar à sombra).' / '木の日陰に座る (Sentar-se à sombra da árvore).'
à volta
A2「À volta」は「～の周り」または「～の近く」を意味します。一般的なエリアや近くの場所を表すのに使われます。例：カフェは広場の<strong>à volta</strong>にあります。(カフェは広場の周りにあります。) 円形の動きも示します。例：公園の<strong>à volta</strong>を散歩しましょう。(公園の周りを散歩しましょう。)
abanar
A2To wave or swing back and forth, like an animal's tail; to wag.
abater
B11. 切り倒す（木）。 2. 屠殺する（動物）。 3. 控除する（税金）。 '木を切り倒す。' '税金から費用を控除する。'
Abelha
A2Bee; a stinging winged insect that produces honey.
abeto
A2アベット（abeto）は、平たい針葉を持つ常緑樹で、モミの木として知られています。
