desempregar
To lay off, to make unemployed; to dismiss employees from their jobs.
desempregar 30秒で
- To dismiss employees from their jobs.
- An employer's action causing unemployment.
- Often related to economic difficulties or company changes.
- The opposite of hiring.
The Portuguese verb 'desempregar' literally means 'to make unemployed'. It's used when an employer or company decides to let go of its workers, causing them to lose their jobs. This can happen for various reasons, such as economic downturns, company downsizing, or restructuring. When someone is 'desempregado', they are unemployed.
- Key Idea
- It's about an employer taking away someone's job.
- Context
- Often heard in news reports about the economy, business decisions, or individual job losses.
A fábrica decidiu desempregar muitos trabalhadores no final do ano.
O governo teme que a crise econômica possa levar muitas empresas a desempregar seus funcionários.
É uma situação triste quando uma empresa precisa desempregar pessoas.
In essence, 'desempregar' is the active verb form of causing unemployment. It's the employer's action. The consequence for the employee is becoming 'desempregado'. This word carries a negative connotation, as it signifies job loss and potential financial hardship for those affected. It's a crucial term when discussing labor markets, economic performance, and the social impact of business decisions.
Using 'desempregar' correctly involves understanding its subject (who is doing the action) and object (who is being affected). Typically, a company, a manager, or an employer is the subject that 'desemprega' employees. The verb is usually conjugated in various tenses to reflect when this action occurs.
- Subject
- A empresa, o chefe, o governo (Company, boss, government)
- Object
- Os trabalhadores, os funcionários, os empregados (Workers, employees)
A nova gestão planeja desempregar metade da equipe.
O presidente lamentou a necessidade de desempregar funcionários públicos.
Será que eles vão desempregar todos os contratados temporários?
The infinitive form 'desempregar' is often used after modal verbs like 'poder' (can), 'dever' (must), 'querer' (want), or verbs indicating intention like 'planejar' (to plan) or 'decidir' (to decide). When talking about past events, you'll use conjugated forms like 'desempregou' (he/she/it laid off) or 'desempregaram' (they laid off). For present continuous action, 'estão desempregando' (they are laying off) might be used, although it's less common than referring to a decision or a completed action.
You'll frequently encounter 'desempregar' in contexts related to the economy and employment. News broadcasts discussing unemployment rates, company financial reports, and political debates about job creation or loss are prime locations. Listen for it when analysts talk about market trends or when politicians promise to protect jobs or prevent companies from laying off workers.
- News & Media
- Headlines like 'Empresa X vai desempregar 500 funcionários' (Company X will lay off 500 employees) or 'Aumento do desemprego preocupa' (Increase in unemployment worries).
- Business Discussions
- Conversations among business professionals about workforce reductions, efficiency measures, or economic challenges.
O jornalista perguntou ao CEO por que a empresa decidiu desempregar tantos funcionários.
Muitas pessoas perderam seus empregos porque a fábrica foi forçada a desempregar seus operários.
O sindicato protestou contra a intenção da empresa de desempregar trabalhadores.
You might also hear it in personal anecdotes, where someone shares their experience or the experience of a friend or family member who was laid off. The word is directly tied to the reality of the job market and the impact of economic forces on individuals and communities.
A common pitfall for learners is confusing 'desempregar' (to lay off) with 'estar desempregado' (to be unemployed). 'Desempregar' is an action performed by an employer, while 'estar desempregado' is a state of being for the individual. Another mistake might be using it when someone quits their job voluntarily, which is not 'desempregar'.
- Incorrect Usage
- 'Eu me desempreguei ontem.' (This implies you laid yourself off, which is nonsensical. You would say 'Fiquei desempregado' or 'Perdi meu emprego').
- Correct Usage
- 'A empresa desempregou muitos funcionários.' (The company laid off many employees.)
Mistake: 'Ele se desempregou da empresa porque não gostava do trabalho.'
Correction: 'Ele pediu demissão da empresa porque não gostava do trabalho.' or 'Ele ficou desempregado porque a empresa o demitiu.'
Mistake: 'Eu estou desempregar a minha casa.' (This is grammatically incorrect and semantically wrong).
Also, avoid using 'desempregar' when referring to someone leaving a job to start their own business or retire. The core meaning is always about being dismissed by an employer against one's will or due to external circumstances.
While 'desempregar' specifically means to lay off, other words relate to ending employment. 'Demitir' is a very common synonym, often used interchangeably. 'Demissão' is the noun form (dismissal/resignation). 'Demissão' can be voluntary (resignation) or involuntary (layoff/firing), making it broader than 'desempregar'.
- Demitir
- To dismiss, to fire. Very close to 'desempregar', often used interchangeably, especially in casual conversation. 'A empresa demitiu o funcionário.' (The company fired the employee.)
- Demissão
- Noun: dismissal, firing, resignation. Can refer to both being laid off and quitting. 'Ele pediu demissão.' (He resigned.) vs. 'Houve muitas demissões na fábrica.' (There were many layoffs at the factory.)
- Dispensa
- Often used for a formal dismissal or release from a contract, sometimes with severance pay. Can be a softer term than 'demitir' or 'desempregar'. 'A dispensa do contrato foi amigável.' (The contract termination was amicable.)
'Desempregar' focus: Employer action causing unemployment.
'Demitir' focus: General act of firing someone.
'Demissão' focus: The state of being fired or the act of resigning (noun).
It's also important to distinguish these from 'pedir demissão' (to resign), where the employee initiates the termination of their contract. 'Desempregar' and 'demitir' are verbs where the employer is the agent.
How Formal Is It?
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豆知識
The prefix 'des-' is very common in Portuguese, used to negate or reverse the meaning of a verb or noun, such as 'fazer' (to do/make) becoming 'desfazer' (to undo/unmake), or 'obrigado' (obliged) becoming 'desobrigado' (unobliged).
発音ガイド
- Pronouncing 'e' in 'des' as a long 'ee' sound.
- Not rolling the 'r' in 'gar' sufficiently (for some dialects).
- Misplacing the stress on an earlier syllable.
難易度
The concept of laying off employees is relatively straightforward. Understanding the nuances between 'desempregar', 'demitir', and 'dispensar' requires some context and exposure. The word itself is common in news and economic discussions.
Applying 'desempregar' correctly in writing requires careful attention to the subject (who is doing the laying off) and the object (who is being laid off). Distinguishing it from 'estar desempregado' (to be unemployed) is crucial.
Using 'desempregar' in spoken Portuguese is common when discussing economic news or personal job situations. Learners need to practice conjugating the verb and using it in appropriate contexts.
Recognizing 'desempregar' in spoken Portuguese is likely, especially in media or formal discussions about employment. The context usually makes the meaning clear.
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前提知識
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知っておくべき文法
Transitive Verbs
'Desempregar' is a transitive verb, meaning it requires a direct object. You 'desempregar' someone or something (employees, workers). You cannot 'desempregar' without an object. Example: 'A empresa desempregou os funcionários.' (The company laid off the employees.)
Passive Voice
The passive voice is common when discussing layoffs, focusing on the people affected rather than the entity doing the laying off. Example: 'Muitos funcionários foram desempregados.' (Many employees were laid off.)
Infinitive Usage
The infinitive 'desempregar' is used after modal verbs (poder, dever, querer) or verbs of intention (decidir, planejar). Example: 'Eles vão desempregar mais gente.' (They are going to lay off more people.)
Gerund and Participle Usage
The gerund (desempregando) and past participle (desempregado) have specific uses. 'Desempregado' as an adjective means unemployed. Example: 'Ele está desempregado.' (He is unemployed.) The gerund is less common for this specific verb in active contexts.
Causative Verbs
Verbs like 'fazer' or 'obrigar' can be used with 'desempregar' to emphasize the cause of the layoff. Example: 'A crise obrigou a empresa a desempregar.' (The crisis forced the company to lay off.)
レベル別の例文
A fábrica vai desempregar pessoas.
The factory will lay off people.
Simple future tense.
Muitos foram desempregados.
Many were laid off.
Passive voice, past tense.
O chefe desempregou o funcionário.
The boss laid off the employee.
Simple past tense.
Eles não querem desempregar ninguém.
They don't want to lay off anyone.
Negation with infinitive.
A empresa pode desempregar mais gente.
The company can lay off more people.
Modal verb 'poder'.
É ruim desempregar trabalhadores.
It's bad to lay off workers.
Infinitive as subject.
Vamos desempregar o time?
Are we going to lay off the team?
Question form, future intention.
Precisamos desempregar os que não trabalham.
We need to lay off those who don't work.
Infinitive with 'precisar'.
A crise econômica forçou a empresa a desempregar parte de seus funcionários.
The economic crisis forced the company to lay off part of its employees.
Past tense with causative verb 'forçar'.
O gerente anunciou que eles teriam que desempregar algumas pessoas.
The manager announced that they would have to lay off some people.
Future conditional after 'anunciou'.
É lamentável ver tantas empresas desempregarem seus trabalhadores.
It is regrettable to see so many companies laying off their workers.
Present participle used adjectivally.
Se a situação não melhorar, eles vão desempregar todos.
If the situation doesn't improve, they will lay off everyone.
Conditional sentence structure.
O governo está preocupado em desempregar trabalhadores.
The government is worried about laying off workers.
Gerund after 'preocupado em'.
Muitos foram desempregados após o fechamento da fábrica.
Many were laid off after the factory closure.
Passive voice, past tense.
A decisão de desempregar foi difícil para a diretoria.
The decision to lay off was difficult for the board.
Infinitive as noun phrase.
Eles prometeram não desempregar os funcionários mais antigos.
They promised not to lay off the older employees.
Infinitive after 'prometer'.
A reestruturação da empresa resultou na necessidade de desempregar cerca de quinhentos colaboradores.
The company's restructuring resulted in the need to lay off approximately five hundred collaborators.
Noun phrase as subject, infinitive after 'necessidade de'.
O sindicato lutou bravamente para evitar que a diretoria decidisse desempregar os trabalhadores.
The union fought bravely to prevent the board from deciding to lay off the workers.
Infinitive after 'decidir'.
É um cenário preocupante quando as empresas se veem obrigadas a desempregar pessoas para sobreviver.
It is a worrying scenario when companies find themselves obligated to lay off people to survive.
Reflexive verb 'ver-se', infinitive after 'obrigado a'.
Embora a tecnologia possa otimizar processos, existe o receio de que ela possa desempregar muitos profissionais.
Although technology can optimize processes, there is a fear that it could lay off many professionals.
Subjunctive mood after 'receio de que'.
A notícia de que a fábrica irá desempregar a maioria dos seus operários causou grande comoção na comunidade.
The news that the factory will lay off most of its workers caused great commotion in the community.
Subordinate clause introduced by 'que'.
O governo implementou medidas para tentar evitar que as empresas desempreguem em massa.
The government implemented measures to try to prevent companies from mass layoffs.
Infinitive after 'evitar que'.
Com a automação, muitas tarefas repetitivas deixaram de ser necessárias, levando a empresa a desempregar alguns funcionários.
With automation, many repetitive tasks became unnecessary, leading the company to lay off some employees.
Gerund phrase 'levando a empresa a'.
O executivo defendeu a decisão de desempregar como um mal necessário para a saúde financeira da organização.
The executive defended the decision to lay off as a necessary evil for the organization's financial health.
Infinitive as object of 'defender'.
A globalização e a competição acirrada têm levado muitas empresas a reavaliar suas estruturas e, consequentemente, a desempregar pessoal para otimizar custos.
Globalization and fierce competition have led many companies to re-evaluate their structures and, consequently, to lay off personnel to optimize costs.
Gerund phrase 'levado muitas empresas a', infinitive after 'para'.
O receio de que a inteligência artificial possa desempregar um número significativo de trabalhadores é uma preocupação crescente na sociedade contemporânea.
The fear that artificial intelligence could lay off a significant number of workers is a growing concern in contemporary society.
Subjunctive mood after 'receio de que', noun phrase as subject.
A legislação trabalhista brasileira prevê indenizações específicas para casos em que o empregador se vê forçado a desempregar funcionários sem justa causa.
Brazilian labor legislation provides for specific compensation in cases where the employer finds itself forced to lay off employees without just cause.
Reflexive verb 'ver-se', infinitive after 'forçado a', prepositional phrase 'sem justa causa'.
O plano de recuperação judicial incluía medidas drásticas, como a necessidade iminente de desempregar a maior parte da força de trabalho.
The judicial recovery plan included drastic measures, such as the imminent need to lay off most of the workforce.
Noun phrase 'necessidade iminente de', infinitive.
A automação de processos industriais, embora aumente a eficiência, levanta o espectro de desempregar um contingente considerável de mão de obra.
The automation of industrial processes, although it increases efficiency, raises the specter of laying off a considerable contingent of labor.
Gerund phrase 'levanta o espectro de', noun phrase 'contingente considerável de'.
O debate sobre o futuro do trabalho gira em torno de como mitigar os efeitos negativos de tecnologias que tendem a desempregar trabalhadores.
The debate about the future of work revolves around how to mitigate the negative effects of technologies that tend to lay off workers.
Infinitive after 'tendem a', noun phrase 'efeitos negativos de'.
A empresa, em um esforço para se manter competitiva, tomou a difícil decisão de desempregar seus colaboradores mais antigos.
The company, in an effort to remain competitive, made the difficult decision to lay off its longest-serving employees.
Infinitive as object of 'tomar a difícil decisão de'.
O corte de custos foi tão severo que a administração não teve alternativa senão desempregar uma parte significativa da equipe.
The cost-cutting was so severe that the administration had no alternative but to lay off a significant portion of the team.
Infinitive after 'alternativa senão'.
A recalibragem estratégica da organização implicou a necessidade de desempregar um número substancial de funcionários em departamentos considerados redundantes.
The organization's strategic recalibration implied the need to lay off a substantial number of employees in departments considered redundant.
Noun phrase 'necessidade de', past participle used adjectivally 'considerados redundantes'.
O advento de novas tecnologias disruptivas suscita o receio de que elas possam, em larga escala, desempregar contingentes inteiros de trabalhadores em setores tradicionais.
The advent of new disruptive technologies raises the fear that they could, on a large scale, lay off entire contingents of workers in traditional sectors.
Subjunctive mood after 'receio de que', noun phrase 'contingentes inteiros de'.
A legislação trabalhista brasileira, em sua complexidade, procura equilibrar a prerrogativa do empregador de desempregar com a proteção devida aos direitos dos trabalhadores.
Brazilian labor legislation, in its complexity, seeks to balance the employer's prerogative to lay off with the due protection of workers' rights.
Infinitive after 'prerrogativa de', noun phrase 'proteção devida aos direitos de'.
O plano de recuperação judicial, concebido para evitar a falência, não pôde prescindir da medida drástica de desempregar uma parcela considerável da força laboral.
The judicial recovery plan, designed to avoid bankruptcy, could not dispense with the drastic measure of laying off a considerable portion of the labor force.
Gerund phrase 'concebido para', infinitive after 'prescindir de'.
A obsolescência programada de certas indústrias, aliada à automação, intensifica o debate sobre como lidar com a inevitabilidade de desempregar trabalhadores qualificados.
The planned obsolescence of certain industries, coupled with automation, intensifies the debate on how to deal with the inevitability of laying off skilled workers.
Infinitive after 'inevitabilidade de', noun phrase 'trabalhadores qualificados'.
A conjuntura econômica global, marcada pela instabilidade, tem imposto às multinacionais a necessidade de desempregar unidades menos rentáveis.
The global economic conjuncture, marked by instability, has imposed on multinationals the need to lay off less profitable units.
Noun phrase 'necessidade de', past participle used adjectivally 'menos rentáveis'.
O debate ético em torno da inteligência artificial levanta questões sobre a responsabilidade corporativa ao se decidir desempregar um número expressivo de pessoas.
The ethical debate surrounding artificial intelligence raises questions about corporate responsibility when deciding to lay off a significant number of people.
Infinitive after 'decidir', noun phrase 'número expressivo de'.
A reestruturação organizacional, embora visando a eficiência, frequentemente esbarra na dificuldade de desempregar colaboradores sem gerar impactos sociais negativos.
Organizational restructuring, although aiming for efficiency, often encounters the difficulty of laying off employees without generating negative social impacts.
Gerund phrase 'visando a', infinitive after 'dificuldade de', noun phrase 'impactos sociais negativos'.
A inexorável marcha da automação e da inteligência artificial impõe às corporações a contingência de reavaliar seus quadros, o que, em última instância, pode culminar na decisão de desempregar contingentes humanos inteiros.
The inexorable march of automation and artificial intelligence imposes upon corporations the contingency of re-evaluating their staff, which, ultimately, may culminate in the decision to lay off entire human contingents.
Noun phrases 'inexorável marcha da', 'contingência de', 'decisão de', 'contingentes humanos inteiros'.
A legislação trabalhista, em sua evolução histórica, tem buscado mitigar os efeitos deletérios de um mercado de trabalho volátil, regulamentando a prerrogativa empresarial de desempregar e estabelecendo salvaguardas para o trabalhador.
Labor legislation, in its historical evolution, has sought to mitigate the deleterious effects of a volatile labor market, regulating the corporate prerogative to lay off and establishing safeguards for the worker.
Infinitive after 'prerrogativa empresarial de', noun phrases 'efeitos deletérios de', 'mercado de trabalho volátil', 'salvaguardas para o trabalhador'.
O dilema ético reside em ponderar a necessidade de otimização de recursos e a maximização de lucros com a imperiosa responsabilidade social de evitar, na medida do possível, desempregar indivíduos que dependem daquela fonte de sustento.
The ethical dilemma lies in weighing the need for resource optimization and profit maximization against the imperative social responsibility to avoid, as much as possible, laying off individuals who depend on that source of livelihood.
Infinitive after 'evitar, na medida do possível,', noun phrases 'otimização de recursos', 'maximização de lucros', 'imperiosa responsabilidade social', 'fonte de sustento'.
A reconfiguração geopolítica e a ascensão de novas potências econômicas forçam as multinacionais a uma constante recalibragem estratégica, o que pode, por vezes, justificar a difícil decisão de desempregar setores inteiros de suas operações.
Geopolitical reconfiguration and the rise of new economic powers force multinationals into constant strategic recalibration, which can, at times, justify the difficult decision to lay off entire sectors of their operations.
Noun phrases 'reconfiguração geopolítica', 'ascensão de novas potências econômicas', 'recalibragem estratégica', 'difícil decisão de', 'setores inteiros de'.
A obsolescência tecnológica, exacerbada pela velocidade da inovação, cria um cenário onde a capacidade de uma empresa de se adaptar pode significar a sua sobrevivência ou a necessidade de desempregar um número expressivo de seus quadros.
Technological obsolescence, exacerbated by the speed of innovation, creates a scenario where a company's ability to adapt can mean its survival or the need to lay off a significant number of its staff.
Noun phrases 'obsolescência tecnológica', 'velocidade da inovação', 'capacidade de uma empresa de se adaptar', 'necessidade de', 'número expressivo de'.
O imperativo de manter a competitividade em um mercado globalizado, por vezes, leva as lideranças empresariais a tomar a dolorosa decisão de desempregar colaboradores, mesmo quando estes possuem um longo histórico de dedicação.
The imperative to maintain competitiveness in a globalized market sometimes leads business leaders to make the painful decision to lay off employees, even when they have a long history of dedication.
Noun phrases 'imperativo de manter', 'mercado globalizado', 'lideranças empresariais', 'dolorosa decisão de', 'longo histórico de dedicação'.
A intersecção entre avanços tecnológicos e pressões econômicas frequentemente resulta em cenários onde a única alternativa viável para a sustentabilidade de uma empresa é desempregar parte de sua força de trabalho.
The intersection of technological advancements and economic pressures often results in scenarios where the only viable alternative for a company's sustainability is to lay off part of its workforce.
Noun phrases 'intersecção entre', 'avanços tecnológicos', 'pressões econômicas', 'alternativa viável para a sustentabilidade de uma empresa', 'força de trabalho'.
A discussão sobre a ética da automação e seu impacto no emprego é complexa, pois enquanto ela pode gerar novas oportunidades, também representa uma ameaça latente de desempregar profissões inteiras.
The discussion about the ethics of automation and its impact on employment is complex, as while it can create new opportunities, it also represents a latent threat of laying off entire professions.
Noun phrases 'ética da automação', 'impacto no emprego', 'ameaça latente de', 'profissões inteiras'.
よく使う組み合わせ
よく使うフレーズ
Desempregar funcionários
Ter que desempregar
Decidir desempregar
Poder desempregar
Evitar desempregar
Ser forçado a desempregar
Anunciar que vai desempregar
Não querer desempregar
A intenção de desempregar
A necessidade de desempregar
よく混同される語
'Desempregar' is the action of laying someone off (done by the employer). 'Estar desempregado' is the state of being unemployed (the condition of the person). You don't 'desempregar yourself'; you 'estar desempregado' if you have been laid off or lost your job.
'Desempregar' implies the employer is the one ending the employment. 'Pedir demissão' means the employee resigns voluntarily. They are opposite actions initiated by different parties.
While very similar and often interchangeable, 'desempregar' specifically emphasizes making someone unemployed as a consequence. 'Demitir' is a broader term for dismissal that can include firing for cause, while 'desempregar' often implies economic or structural reasons for job loss.
慣用句と表現
"Cortar cabeças"
This idiom means to dismiss employees, especially at higher levels, often as a result of cost-cutting measures or restructuring. It's a more informal and somewhat harsh way to refer to layoffs.
Com a nova política de austeridade, a diretoria começou a cortar cabeças.
Informal"Fazer a limpa"
Literally 'to do the cleaning', this idiom means to dismiss a large number of people, often implying a thorough and possibly ruthless reduction in staff.
Após a aquisição, a nova empresa fez a limpa no departamento de vendas.
Informal"Dar um pé na bunda"
A very informal and somewhat vulgar idiom meaning to fire someone abruptly and unceremoniously. It implies a harsh and unceremonious dismissal.
Ele chegou atrasado de novo e o chefe deu um pé na bunda dele.
Slang/Informal"Mandar para o olho da rua"
Literally 'to send to the street's eye', this idiom means to fire someone, often implying they are left with nothing or are unceremoniously dismissed.
A empresa faliu e mandou todos os seus funcionários para o olho da rua.
Informal"Enxugar o quadro"
As mentioned in collocations, this means to reduce the number of employees, often implying making the organization leaner and more efficient. It's a more euphemistic way to talk about layoffs.
Para otimizar os recursos, a empresa decidiu enxugar o quadro.
Neutral/Figurative間違えやすい
Both verbs refer to ending employment, and 'demitir' is a very common synonym for 'desempregar'.
'Desempregar' specifically focuses on the outcome of making someone unemployed, often due to economic or organizational reasons. 'Demitir' is a more general term for firing or dismissing someone, which can include layoffs but also dismissals for misconduct or performance issues. Think of 'desempregar' as a specific type of 'demitir' that leads to unemployment.
A empresa decidiu <em>demitir</em> o funcionário por mau comportamento. A mesma empresa teve que <em>desempregar</em> cinquenta pessoas devido à crise econômica.
'Dispensa' is a noun that can refer to the act of dismissal or termination of employment, similar to the result of 'desempregar'.
'Desempregar' is a verb (the action of laying off), while 'dispensa' is typically a noun (the dismissal itself). 'Dispensa' can sometimes sound more formal or imply a contractual release, and it can also refer to being excused from a duty. 'Desempregar' is the active verb of causing unemployment.
A <em>dispensa</em> de contratos temporários foi anunciada. A empresa vai <em>desempregar</em> os contratados temporários.
'Demissão' is the noun form related to 'demitir' and can encompass both resignation and dismissal.
'Desempregar' is the verb form where the employer initiates the action leading to unemployment. 'Demissão' is the noun that can refer to the act of being fired (involuntary) or the act of resigning (voluntary). If an employer 'desemprega' someone, that person experiences a 'demissão' (involuntary). If an employee quits, they 'pedem demissão'.
Ele sofreu uma <em>demissão</em> inesperada. A empresa tentou evitar a <em>demissão</em> em massa.
It's the direct antonym, and understanding one helps define the other.
'Empregar' means to employ, to give a job to someone. It's the positive action of creating employment. 'Desempregar' is the opposite action: to take away employment, to make someone unemployed. One creates jobs, the other eliminates them.
O novo projeto vai <em>empregar</em> cem pessoas. A crise econômica forçou a empresa a <em>desempregar</em> cinquenta.
This is another direct antonym, representing the start of employment.
'Contratar' means to hire, to bring someone into employment. It's the beginning of the employment relationship. 'Desempregar' is the end of that relationship, initiated by the employer. You hire someone, and later you might lay them off.
A empresa vai <em>contratar</em> novos vendedores. Infelizmente, a empresa teve que <em>desempregar</em> alguns dos vendedores antigos.
文型パターン
A empresa [desempregou/vai desempregar] [object].
A empresa desempregou muitos funcionários.
Eles [têm que/precisam] desempregar [object].
Eles têm que desempregar a equipe.
A decisão de desempregar [object] foi difícil.
A decisão de desempregar os trabalhadores foi difícil.
É triste quando as empresas desempregam pessoas.
É triste quando as empresas desempregam pessoas.
O receio de que [subject] possa desempregar [object].
O receio de que a tecnologia possa desempregar trabalhadores.
[Subject] foi forçado a desempregar [object].
A crise foi forçada a desempregar a fábrica.
A necessidade de desempregar [object] era iminente.
A necessidade de desempregar a maior parte da equipe era iminente.
[Subject] leva a desempregar [object].
A automação leva a desempregar muitos operários.
語族
名詞
動詞
形容詞
関連
使い方
High, especially in news and economic contexts.
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Confusing 'desempregar' (to lay off) with 'estar desempregado' (to be unemployed).
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'Desempregar' is the action performed by the employer. 'Estar desempregado' is the state of the person who has lost their job. You can't 'desempregar yourself'.
The verb 'desempregar' requires a subject that is an employer or entity that can dismiss workers. A person cannot perform this action on themselves; they can only become unemployed.
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Using 'desempregar' when someone resigns voluntarily.
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When an employee chooses to leave their job, they 'pedem demissão' (resign). 'Desempregar' implies an employer-initiated dismissal.
'Desempregar' is an act of dismissal by the employer. Resignation is an act of voluntary departure by the employee. The intention and initiator are different.
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Incorrect verb conjugation or subject-verb agreement.
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Ensure the verb 'desempregar' agrees with the subject in number and person. For example, 'A empresa desempregou...' (singular) vs. 'As empresas desempregaram...' (plural).
Like all Portuguese verbs, 'desempregar' must be conjugated correctly according to the subject. Incorrect agreement can lead to grammatical errors and miscommunication.
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Using 'desempregar' in informal contexts where slang is more appropriate.
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In very informal situations, slang terms like 'dar um pé na bunda' or 'mandar embora' might be used instead of the more formal 'desempregar'.
While 'desempregar' is widely understood, using slang can sometimes be more natural in casual conversations among friends, depending on the specific regional dialect.
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Confusing the noun 'desemprego' (unemployment) with the verb 'desempregar' (to lay off).
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'Desemprego' is the state or condition of being unemployed. 'Desempregar' is the action of causing that state.
It's crucial to distinguish between the noun referring to the condition and the verb referring to the action that leads to that condition. For example, 'O desemprego aumentou' (Unemployment increased) vs. 'A empresa vai desempregar funcionários' (The company will lay off employees).
ヒント
Mastering the 'R' Sound
The 'r' in 'desempregar' (at the end of 'gar') is often a rolled or trilled 'r' in many Portuguese dialects. Practice this sound by trying to mimic native speakers. It's distinct from the English 'r' and adds authenticity to your pronunciation.
Subject-Verb Agreement
Always ensure your subject agrees with the verb 'desempregar'. If the subject is singular (a company, the boss), use the singular form ('desemprega', 'desempregou'). If the subject is plural (companies, the bosses), use the plural form ('desempregam', 'desempregaram').
Visual Anchors
Create a strong visual association. Imagine a factory gate with people walking out sadly, or a graph showing a sharp decline in employment. Connect this image to the word 'desempregar' to make it more memorable.
Active vs. Passive
While 'desempregar' is an active verb (employer acts), the passive voice ('ser desempregado') is very common when talking about the experience of the worker. Practice using both to describe the situation from different perspectives.
Expanding Your Lexicon
Learn synonyms like 'demitir' and 'dispensar'. While 'desempregar' focuses on unemployment, 'demitir' is more general for firing. Knowing these variations will make your Portuguese more nuanced.
Understanding Opposites
Grasping the antonyms like 'contratar' (to hire) and 'empregar' (to employ) helps solidify the meaning of 'desempregar' by highlighting what it is NOT.
Social Impact Awareness
Understand that 'desempregar' is a sensitive topic. Be mindful of the social and economic impact when discussing it. Avoid casual or flippant use of the word.
Sentence Building
Actively construct sentences using 'desempregar' in various tenses and contexts. Try writing about hypothetical economic scenarios or company news.
Media Immersion
Listen to Portuguese news channels or podcasts discussing economic topics. You'll frequently hear 'desempregar' and its related terms, which will help you internalize its usage.
暗記しよう
記憶術
Imagine a company sign that says 'Emprego' (Employment). Then, imagine someone taking a big 'DES' (like a 'dis' or 'de-' sound) and ripping the sign down, turning it into 'desemprego' (unemployment). The action of ripping it down is 'desempregar'.
視覚的連想
Picture a person happily walking into a building labeled 'Emprego'. Then, picture the same person walking out dejectedly, holding a box, with the building now labeled 'Desemprego'. The act of going from inside to outside with a box is the 'desempregar'.
Word Web
チャレンジ
Create three sentences using 'desempregar' from the perspective of a company owner, a government official, and an employee who has just been laid off.
語源
The word 'desempregar' is formed by the prefix 'des-' (meaning negation or reversal) combined with the verb 'empregar' (to employ). 'Empregar' itself comes from the Latin 'implicare', meaning to involve or to engage.
元の意味： To undo employment, to remove from employment.
Indo-European -> Italic -> Latin -> Romance -> Portuguese文化的な背景
The topic of layoffs is sensitive. When discussing it, maintain a respectful and empathetic tone. Avoid making light of the situation, as it directly impacts people's livelihoods.
In English-speaking contexts, terms like 'lay off', 'fire', 'dismiss', and 'make redundant' are used. The focus is often on the employer's action or the employee's status.
実生活で練習する
実際の使用場面
News reports about economic downturns or company performance.
- A empresa vai desempregar...
- O número de pessoas desempregadas aumentou...
- Medidas para evitar desempregar...
Discussions about the job market and employment rates.
- O risco de desempregar é alto.
- O governo tenta combater o desemprego.
- A fábrica decidiu desempregar parte da equipe.
Personal stories about job loss or fear of losing a job.
- Ele foi desempregado.
- Tenho medo que a empresa me desempregue.
- Ela foi forçada a desempregar seus funcionários.
Formal business meetings or announcements.
- A decisão de desempregar...
- A necessidade de desempregar...
- Proceder ao desemprego de...
Political speeches or debates on labor policies.
- Nós não vamos desempregar ninguém.
- É preciso criar empregos e não desempregar.
- As políticas atuais podem desempregar trabalhadores.
会話のきっかけ
"What are some common reasons why companies decide to lay off employees?"
"Have you ever heard of a company that had to 'desempregar' a large number of people? What happened?"
"How do you think it feels for someone to be 'desempregado'?"
"What measures can governments take to prevent companies from having to 'desempregar' their workers?"
"In your opinion, is it better for a company to 'desempregar' employees or to face bankruptcy?"
日記のテーマ
Describe a hypothetical situation where a company must 'desempregar' employees. What factors might lead to this decision, and what are the potential consequences?
Imagine you are a news reporter covering a story about a company planning to 'desempregar' its workforce. What key questions would you ask the company and the affected employees?
Reflect on the societal impact of widespread layoffs. How does it affect individuals, families, and the economy when many people are 'desempregados'?
Write a short story from the perspective of someone who has been 'desempregado'. What are their challenges and hopes for the future?
Compare and contrast the terms 'desempregar', 'demitir', and 'pedir demissão'. When would you use each one?
よくある質問
10 問'Desempregar' specifically refers to the act of laying off employees, resulting in them becoming unemployed, often due to economic or structural reasons. 'Demitir' is a more general term for firing or dismissing someone, which can include layoffs but also dismissals for misconduct or poor performance. Think of 'desempregar' as a specific type of 'demitir' where the primary outcome is unemployment.
No, you cannot 'desempregar yourself'. 'Desempregar' is a transitive verb where the employer is the subject performing the action of laying off employees. If you stop working, you either resign ('pedir demissão') or you become unemployed ('ficar desempregado' or 'estar desempregado') if your employer lays you off.
The most direct noun is 'desemprego', which means unemployment. The person who is laid off is 'desempregado' (adjective/noun). The act of laying off itself can be referred to using verbs like 'demissão' or 'dispensa', or more broadly as 'redução de pessoal' (staff reduction).
'Desempregar' is commonly used in contexts discussing economic downturns, company restructuring, layoffs, and unemployment rates. You'll hear it in news reports, business analyses, and political discussions about the job market.
Yes, 'desempregar' inherently carries a negative connotation because it signifies job loss, which usually leads to financial hardship and personal distress for the affected individuals. It's an action that has significant negative consequences.
Common reasons include economic recessions, decreased demand for products or services, company mergers or acquisitions leading to redundant positions, automation replacing human labor, or a need to cut costs to remain profitable.
'Desempregar' is the verb action of causing unemployment. 'Dispensa' is often a noun referring to the dismissal or termination, sometimes in a more formal or contractual sense. While related, 'desempregar' focuses on the act of making unemployed, whereas 'dispensa' can be a broader term for release or termination.
Yes, more euphemistic phrases exist, such as 'enxugar o quadro de funcionários' (to trim the staff roster) or 'reduzir pessoal' (to reduce staff). These aim to soften the impact of the news, though the underlying action is still layoffs.
The direct opposites are verbs like 'contratar' (to hire), 'empregar' (to employ), and 'admitir' (to admit into employment). These actions create jobs rather than eliminate them.
No, 'desempregar' is specifically used for people in the context of employment. You cannot 'desempregar' an animal or an object; you would use other verbs to describe their removal or deactivation.
自分をテスト 10 問
/ 10 correct
Perfect score!
Summary
Desempregar is the active verb for an employer laying off staff, resulting in unemployment for those individuals. It's a direct action causing job loss.
- To dismiss employees from their jobs.
- An employer's action causing unemployment.
- Often related to economic difficulties or company changes.
- The opposite of hiring.
Mastering the 'R' Sound
The 'r' in 'desempregar' (at the end of 'gar') is often a rolled or trilled 'r' in many Portuguese dialects. Practice this sound by trying to mimic native speakers. It's distinct from the English 'r' and adds authenticity to your pronunciation.
Subject-Verb Agreement
Always ensure your subject agrees with the verb 'desempregar'. If the subject is singular (a company, the boss), use the singular form ('desemprega', 'desempregou'). If the subject is plural (companies, the bosses), use the plural form ('desempregam', 'desempregaram').
Context is Key
Pay attention to the context in which 'desempregar' is used. It's usually associated with negative economic situations, company decisions, or job loss. Understanding this context will help you use it correctly and appropriately.
Visual Anchors
Create a strong visual association. Imagine a factory gate with people walking out sadly, or a graph showing a sharp decline in employment. Connect this image to the word 'desempregar' to make it more memorable.
関連コンテンツ
workの関連語
a curto prazo
A2短期的に。短期的な目標を達成する必要があります。
à exceção de
B1With the exception of; apart from.
a longo prazo
A2Over a long period of time; long-term.
a não ser que
A2Unless; except if; only if not.
a partir de
A2Starting from; from a certain point in time or place.
a prazo
A2For a period of time; on credit or payment terms.
a tempo inteiro
B1Full-time; working the full number of hours considered normal for a job.
a tempo parcial
B1Part-time; working less than full-time hours.
abdicar
A2To give up, to abdicate; to renounce or relinquish a throne, right, power, or claim.
acessível
B1アクセス可能な、手頃な。近づきやすい、理解しやすい、または支払いやすい。
