grasnar 30秒で
- Grasnar is the Portuguese verb for the 'caw' of a crow or the 'honk' of a goose.
- It is a regular -ar verb, making it easy to conjugate in all tenses.
- The word is onomatopoeic, mimicking the harsh, guttural sound it describes.
- It is primarily used for birds but can metaphorically describe harsh human speech.
The Portuguese verb grasnar is a specific onomatopoeic term used to describe the vocalizations of certain birds, most notably crows, ravens, and geese. While in English we might distinguish between the 'caw' of a crow and the 'honk' of a goose, Portuguese often encapsulates these harsh, discordant sounds under the umbrella of grasnar. It is an essential word for anyone looking to describe the natural world or use evocative language in storytelling. The sound itself is characterized by its roughness and lack of musicality, often associated with a sense of foreboding in literature or simply the noisy presence of waterfowl in a park.
- Literal Meaning
- To emit a harsh, guttural cry typical of birds like crows or geese.
- Metaphorical Usage
- Occasionally used to describe a person speaking in a harsh, grating, or unpleasant voice, often when complaining or shouting discordantly.
Ao amanhecer, os corvos começaram a grasnar assustadoramente sobre a velha macieira no jardim.
Understanding grasnar requires recognizing its auditory texture. It is not the sweet 'cantar' (to sing) of a thrush or the 'piar' (to peep/chirp) of a chick. It is a sound that demands attention through its dissonance. In rural Portugal, hearing the geese grasnar is a common part of the soundscape, often serving as a natural alarm system since geese are notoriously territorial and vocal when strangers approach. This cultural nuance adds a layer to the word; it isn't just a sound, it's often a signal.
Não aguento mais ouvir o ganso grasnar toda vez que alguém passa pelo portão.
In a broader linguistic context, grasnar belongs to a family of verbs dedicated to animal sounds, which are quite diverse in Portuguese. While a dog 'late' and a cat 'mia', the crow 'grasna'. Using the correct verb for the specific animal shows a high level of fluency and attention to detail. If you use 'cantar' for a crow, a native speaker will understand you, but the imagery will be lost. The word grasnar paints a very specific picture of a black bird in a desolate tree or a group of geese by a pond.
- Register
- Neutral to Literary. It is used in biological descriptions, children's stories, and classic literature.
O silêncio da noite foi interrompido pelo grasnar de um corvo solitário.
Furthermore, the verb is regular, following the standard '-ar' conjugation pattern. This makes it easy to integrate into your vocabulary once you memorize the stem. Whether you are describing a scene in a novel or explaining why you couldn't sleep at a farm stay, grasnar provides the precise phonetic quality needed to convey that specific harshness. It is a word that bridges the gap between simple observation and evocative description.
Using grasnar correctly involves identifying the subject—usually a bird—and applying the appropriate tense. Since it is a regular '-ar' verb, the conjugations are straightforward: eu grasno, tu grasnas, ele grasna, nós grasnamos, eles grasnam. However, it is rare to see it in the first person unless you are writing a fable where a crow is the narrator. Most often, you will see it in the third person singular or plural.
- Common Subject: Corvos (Crows)
- Os corvos grasnam no topo da torre medieval.
- Common Subject: Gansos (Geese)
- Os gansos começaram a grasnar quando viram o pão.
Se você chegar perto do ninho, o ganso vai grasnar alto para te espantar.
In narrative writing, grasnar is often paired with adverbs to enhance the mood. Adverbs like estridulamente (shrilly), roucamente (hoarsely), or constantemente (constantly) are frequent companions. For example, 'O corvo grasnava roucamente' (The crow was cawing hoarsely) creates a much more vivid image than just saying the bird made a sound. This verb is particularly useful for creating atmosphere in gothic or suspenseful writing, where the sound of a crow is a classic trope.
O grasnar incessante das aves não me deixou dormir durante a tarde.
You can also use grasnar in the past tense to describe a finished action or a state in the past. 'Ontem, um ganso grasnou para mim no parque' (Yesterday, a goose honked at me in the park). Note the use of the preterite 'grasnou' for a specific completed action. If you want to describe a continuous action in the past, use the imperfect: 'Enquanto eu caminhava, os corvos grasnavam' (While I was walking, the crows were cawing). This distinction is vital for narrative flow in Portuguese.
- Transitive vs. Intransitive
- It is almost always intransitive, meaning it doesn't take a direct object. You don't 'grasnar something'; you just 'grasnar'.
Finally, consider the poetic use. A poet might write about 'o grasnar do destino' (the croaking of fate), using the bird's sound as a metaphor for something ominous. While this isn't common in daily conversation, recognizing this usage will help you appreciate Portuguese literature and higher-level texts. Always remember that the word carries a weight of 'unpleasant sound', so it is rarely used for anything beautiful or soothing.
While grasnar might seem like a niche word, you will encounter it more often than you think if you engage with Portuguese culture and nature. One of the most common places to hear it is in rural areas of Portugal and Brazil. Farmers and people living in the countryside use it to describe their poultry. If you visit a 'quinta' (farm) in the Douro Valley, the owner might warn you about the geese: 'Cuidado com os gansos, eles gostam de grasnar e bicar!' (Watch out for the geese, they like to honk and peck!).
- Documentaries
- Nature shows on RTP or Globo often use 'grasnar' when describing the behavior of migratory birds or scavengers.
- Fables and Stories
- In children's literature, especially versions of Aesop's Fables like 'The Fox and the Crow', the word is essential.
Na fábula, o corvo abre o bico para grasnar e acaba deixando o queijo cair.
Another context is in the news or social commentary. Journalists sometimes use grasnar metaphorically to criticize politicians or public figures who are 'making a lot of noise' without saying anything meaningful. A headline might read: 'Políticos voltam a grasnar as mesmas promessas de sempre' (Politicians return to croak the same old promises). This usage is derogatory and implies that the speech is as annoying and repetitive as a crow's cry.
O documentarista explicou que o grasnar dos gansos serve para alertar o bando sobre predadores.
In urban settings, you might hear it when people discuss the 'corvos' (crows) in parks like the Jardim da Estrela in Lisbon. If the birds are particularly noisy one morning, a local might remark: 'Os corvos não param de grasnar hoje, deve vir chuva por aí' (The crows won't stop cawing today, rain must be coming). This reflects the deep-seated connection between animal behavior and weather lore in Portuguese culture. Even if you don't use the word yourself, being able to identify it in these contexts will significantly improve your listening comprehension and cultural integration.
One of the most frequent mistakes learners make with grasnar is using it for the wrong animal. While it covers crows and geese, it is not used for ducks, which usually 'grasnam' in some contexts but more specifically 'grasnir' or simply 'fazer quá-quá'. However, the biggest confusion is with the verb grasnir. While very similar, grasnir is often preferred for ducks or smaller birds, though in many regions they are used interchangeably. To be safe, use grasnar for crows and geese.
- Confusion with 'Gritar'
- Learners often use 'gritar' (to scream/shout) for animals. While a bird can 'gritar', 'grasnar' is much more precise and sounds more natural.
- Confusion with 'Grazinar'
- This is a common slip-up. 'Grazinar' means to grumble or mutter. While phonetically similar, the meaning is entirely different.
Errado: O cachorro começou a grasnar. (Dogs bark, they don't croak!)
Another mistake is pronunciation. The 'r' in grasnar is the typical Portuguese 'r'. In Portugal, it is often a more guttural sound at the back of the throat, while in many parts of Brazil, it can be a softer, aspirated sound. However, the 's' before the 'n' is often pronounced as a 'z' sound (graz-nar) because it is followed by a voiced consonant 'n'. Forgetting this 'z' sound and making a sharp 's' (like 'grass-nar') is a common English-speaker mistake.
Correto: O ganso grasnou alto. Errado: O ganso cantou alto. (Geese don't sing!)
Lastly, be careful with the spelling. It is often confused with grasnir (ending in -ir). While both exist and are related, grasnar is the primary form for the 'caw' of a crow. If you are a beginner, stick to grasnar for all harsh-sounding large birds and you will be correct 95% of the time. Mixing up the conjugations of -ar and -ir verbs is a fundamental error that can lead to confusion, so ensure you treat grasnar as a standard -ar verb.
If you want to expand your vocabulary beyond grasnar, there are several other verbs that describe animal sounds and harsh noises. Depending on the animal or the intensity of the sound, you might choose a different word to be more precise. Portuguese is very rich in these onomatopoeic verbs, and knowing a few alternatives will help you avoid repetition in your writing.
- Grasnir
- Very similar to 'grasnar', often used specifically for ducks or the slightly higher-pitched honk of smaller geese.
- Crocitar
- A more technical or literary term specifically for the 'croak' of a raven or crow. It is less common in daily speech than 'grasnar'.
- Gritar
- To scream. Can be used for any animal making a loud, sharp noise, but lacks the specific 'harshness' of 'grasnar'.
Enquanto o corvo costuma grasnar, o pequeno pássaro prefere piar suavemente.
When describing people, if you want to say someone is talking in an annoying way, you might use grazinar (to grumble) or vociferar (to shout loudly/rant). Vociferar is much more intense and formal than grasnar. If someone is complaining in a low, annoying voice, resmungar is the best choice. Choosing between these depends on the 'volume' and 'harshness' of the person's voice.
O pato no lago começou a grasnir (ou grasnar) assim que viu a comida.
In a scientific context, you might see the term vocalizar, which is a neutral way to say 'make a sound'. However, for creative writing, grasnar remains the king of harsh bird sounds. It carries a specific 'color' that more generic verbs lack. By learning grasnar alongside ulular (to howl) and rugir (to roar), you build a palette of sounds that makes your Portuguese much more descriptive and engaging.
豆知識
Many animal verbs in Portuguese are perfectly onomatopoeic. If you say 'gras-nar' slowly, the 'gras' part actually mimics the friction of a crow's throat sound.
発音ガイド
- Pronouncing the 's' as a sharp 's' (like 'grass') instead of a 'z' or 'zh'.
- Using an English 'r' instead of a tapped or guttural Portuguese 'r'.
- Stressing the first syllable instead of the last.
- Confusing it with 'grasnir' and changing the ending to -ir.
- Making the 'g' soft like 'giant' instead of hard like 'gold'.
レベル別の例文
O ganso faz quá-quá e gosta de grasnar.
The goose says quack-quack and likes to honk.
Simple present tense with 'gostar de'.
Eu ouço o corvo grasnar.
I hear the crow cawing.
Verb 'ouvir' followed by an infinitive.
O corvo é preto e pode grasnar.
The crow is black and can caw.
Modal verb 'poder' + infinitive.
Os gansos grasnam no lago.
The geese honk in the lake.
Third person plural present.
O som do corvo é grasnar.
The sound of the crow is cawing.
Using the infinitive as a noun.
Não gosto quando o ganso grasna.
I don't like when the goose honks.
Negative construction.
O corvo pequeno quer grasnar.
The little crow wants to caw.
Verb 'querer' + infinitive.
O ganso grasna alto.
The goose honks loudly.
Adverb 'alto' modifying the verb.
Ontem, o corvo grasnou muito cedo.
Yesterday, the crow cawed very early.
Preterite tense for a specific past action.
Nós ouvimos os gansos grasnar na fazenda.
We heard the geese honking on the farm.
Plural subject with perception verb.
Se você tocar no ganso, ele vai grasnar.
If you touch the goose, it will honk.
Conditional 'se' + future construction.
Os corvos grasnavam enquanto eu caminhava.
The crows were cawing while I was walking.
Imperfect tense for background action.
Por que aquele pássaro está a grasnar?
Why is that bird cawing?
Present continuous (European Portuguese style).
O ganso grasnou para o cachorro.
The goose honked at the dog.
Preterite with preposition 'para'.
Eu nunca ouvi um corvo grasnar assim.
I have never heard a crow caw like that.
Negative adverb 'nunca'.
Eles pararam de grasnar quando a chuva começou.
They stopped cawing when the rain started.
Verb 'parar de' + infinitive.
O grasnar dos corvos assustou as crianças no parque.
The cawing of the crows scared the children in the park.
Infinitive used as a masculine noun.
Sempre que passo por aqui, os gansos começam a grasnar.
Whenever I pass by here, the geese start to honk.
Conjunction 'sempre que' indicating habit.
Dizem que o corvo grasna para avisar sobre o perigo.
They say the crow caws to warn about danger.
Impersonal 'dizem que'.
O som de grasnar vinha de trás das árvores.
The sound of cawing was coming from behind the trees.
Prepositional phrase with infinitive.
Apesar de serem bonitos, os gansos grasnam de forma irritante.
Despite being beautiful, the geese honk in an annoying way.
Concession clause with 'apesar de'.
Eu gostaria que os pássaros parassem de grasnar.
I would like the birds to stop cawing.
Subjunctive mood after 'gostaria que'.
O corvo grasnou uma vez e depois voou para longe.
The crow cawed once and then flew away.
Sequence of past actions.
É impossível ignorar o grasnar constante daquelas aves.
It is impossible to ignore the constant cawing of those birds.
Adjective + infinitive construction.
O poeta descreveu o grasnar lúgubre do corvo na sua obra.
The poet described the lugubrious cawing of the crow in his work.
Use of descriptive adjectives.
Enquanto os gansos grasnam, o fazendeiro observa o horizonte.
While the geese honk, the farmer observes the horizon.
Simultaneous actions in the present.
Não é comum ver corvos grasnando no centro da cidade.
It is not common to see crows cawing in the city center.
Gerund used as a participle.
O grasnar metálico da ave ecoava pelas paredes do castelo.
The metallic cawing of the bird echoed through the castle walls.
Metaphorical adjective 'metálico'.
Caso os gansos comecem a grasnar, saberemos que alguém chegou.
In case the geese start honking, we will know someone has arrived.
Future subjunctive with 'caso'.
A ave parecia grasnar em sinal de protesto contra o intruso.
The bird seemed to caw as a sign of protest against the intruder.
Infinitive expressing purpose/reason.
O barulho era uma mistura de latidos e um grasnar contínuo.
The noise was a mixture of barks and a continuous honking.
Noun coordination.
Ele tentou imitar o grasnar do corvo, mas sem sucesso.
He tried to imitate the crow's caw, but without success.
Verb 'tentar' + infinitive.
A atmosfera sombria era acentuada pelo grasnar intermitente dos corvos.
The somber atmosphere was accentuated by the intermittent cawing of the crows.
Passive voice with 'ser' + past participle.
O orador continuava a grasnar palavras vazias perante a multidão.
The speaker continued to croak empty words before the crowd.
Metaphorical use of 'grasnar' for human speech.
Havia algo de sinistro naquele grasnar que vinha do campanário.
There was something sinister in that cawing coming from the bell tower.
Indefinite pronoun 'algo de' + adjective.
O naturalista registrou o grasnar das aves para análise posterior.
The naturalist recorded the birds' cawing for later analysis.
Formal vocabulary ('naturalista', 'análise posterior').
Ninguém ousava interromper o grasnar autoritário do ganso líder.
No one dared to interrupt the authoritative honking of the lead goose.
Verb 'ousar' + infinitive.
O grasnar das gralhas fundia-se com o som do vento nas frestas.
The cawing of the jackdaws merged with the sound of the wind in the cracks.
Pronominal verb 'fundir-se'.
Sob o céu de chumbo, o único som audível era o grasnar solitário.
Under the leaden sky, the only audible sound was the solitary cawing.
Poetic imagery ('céu de chumbo').
A ironia na sua voz assemelhava-se a um grasnar desagradável.
The irony in his voice resembled an unpleasant croak.
Comparative construction 'assemelhar-se a'.
A cacofonia resultante do grasnar de centenas de gansos era ensurdecedora.
The cacophony resulting from the honking of hundreds of geese was deafening.
Complex sentence with nested phrases.
O autor utiliza o grasnar das aves como um leitmotiv para a decadência.
The author uses the birds' cawing as a leitmotif for decadence.
Academic/literary terminology.
O grasnar, outrora familiar, agora soava-lhe como um presságio funesto.
The cawing, once familiar, now sounded to him like a dire omen.
Adverb 'outrora' and enclitic pronoun 'soava-lhe'.
Não obstante a distância, o grasnar estridente ainda era perceptível.
Notwithstanding the distance, the shrill cawing was still perceptible.
Concessive expression 'não obstante'.
A orquestração da peça incluía sons que mimetizavam o grasnar dos corvos.
The orchestration of the piece included sounds that mimicked the cawing of crows.
Technical vocabulary ('mimetizavam', 'orquestração').
O grasnar agudo da ave rasgou o silêncio sepulcral da charneca.
The sharp cawing of the bird ripped through the sepulchral silence of the heath.
High-level literary metaphors.
Perdia-se no tempo o grasnar ancestral daquelas criaturas aladas.
The ancestral cawing of those winged creatures was lost in time.
Inverted sentence structure for poetic effect.
O grasnar incessante servia de pano de fundo para a sua melancolia.
The incessant cawing served as a backdrop for his melancholy.
Idiomatic expression 'pano de fundo'.
類義語
反対語
よく使う組み合わせ
よく使うフレーズ
— To make a lot of noise or complain loudly like a goose.
Para de grasnar como um ganso e resolve o problema!
— A literary way to describe an omen of death (related to crows).
No conto, o herói ouve o grasnar da morte.
— To speak or complain directly and annoyingly to someone.
Ela passou o dia a grasnar aos meus ouvidos.
— A very loud noise made by birds.
Havia um grasnar ensurdecedor vindo do lago.
— To make noise because of hunger (usually birds).
Os gansos estão a grasnar de fome.
— A common setting for crows in stories.
Um corvo solitário grasnava no telhado da casa abandonada.
— The sound of birds waking up in rural areas.
O grasnar da manhã substitui o meu despertador.
— To complain or make noise for no reason.
Aquele vizinho vive a grasnar por tudo e por nada.
— When many birds make noise together.
É impressionante quando os corvos grasnam em bando.
慣用句と表現
— To criticize in a harsh, repetitive, and annoying manner.
A oposição não faz mais nada senão grasnar críticas.
Informal/Derogatory— A variation of 'A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush', implying noise vs reality.
Aceita o emprego agora; mais vale um pássaro na mão do que dois a grasnar.
Playful— To be a harbinger of bad news.
Pare de grasnar como corvo, tudo vai dar certo!
Colloquial— A very unpleasant, gravelly voice.
Ele tem uma voz de grasnar que dói nos ouvidos.
Informal— To complain or speak where no one is listening.
Falar com ele é como grasnar no vazio.
Literary— Similar to 'the squeaky wheel gets the grease'.
Tens que pedir o aumento; o ganso que não grasna não come.
Proverbial— Used ironically for when someone makes a harsh noise while happy.
Ao ver o dono, o ganso parecia grasnar de alegria.
Neutral— To repeat the same annoying thing over and over.
Lá está ele a grasnar a mesma canção sobre os impostos.
Informal— To make noise pointlessly.
Eles ficam ali no café a grasnar ao sol o dia todo.
Informal語族
名詞
動詞
形容詞
関連
暗記しよう
記憶術
Think of a 'Grumpy Raven' (GR) making a 'Nasty' (N) noise. GR-A-S-N-AR.
視覚的連想
Imagine a large black crow standing on a 'GRASS' field, but instead of eating, it is 'NAR-rowing' its eyes and shouting 'GRAS-NAR!'
Word Web
チャレンジ
Try to find a video of a goose or crow online and say 'O ganso está a grasnar' or 'O corvo grasna' every time it makes a sound.
語源
The word 'grasnar' is of onomatopoeic origin, meaning it was created to imitate the sound that it describes. It is common in Romance languages to have such words that mimic animal sounds directly.
元の意味： To make a harsh sound like a bird.
Romance (Latin influence on structure, but root is imitative).Summary
Grasnar is your go-to verb for describing harsh, non-musical bird sounds, specifically from crows and geese. Example: 'Os gansos grasnam quando têm fome' (The geese honk when they are hungry).
- Grasnar is the Portuguese verb for the 'caw' of a crow or the 'honk' of a goose.
- It is a regular -ar verb, making it easy to conjugate in all tenses.
- The word is onomatopoeic, mimicking the harsh, guttural sound it describes.
- It is primarily used for birds but can metaphorically describe harsh human speech.
関連コンテンツ
natureの関連語
à beira
B1On the edge or brink of.
à beira de
B1〜の縁に；〜の寸前に。物理的な場所や、今にも起こりそうな状態を表します。
à distância
A2遠くから、遠隔で。
a favor de
B1In favor of; supporting.
à sombra
A2日陰で (Hikage de). '日陰で休みましょう (Vamos descansar à sombra).' / '木の日陰に座る (Sentar-se à sombra da árvore).'
à volta
A2「À volta」は「～の周り」または「～の近く」を意味します。一般的なエリアや近くの場所を表すのに使われます。例：カフェは広場の<strong>à volta</strong>にあります。(カフェは広場の周りにあります。) 円形の動きも示します。例：公園の<strong>à volta</strong>を散歩しましょう。(公園の周りを散歩しましょう。)
abanar
A2To wave or swing back and forth, like an animal's tail; to wag.
abater
B11. 切り倒す（木）。 2. 屠殺する（動物）。 3. 控除する（税金）。 '木を切り倒す。' '税金から費用を控除する。'
Abelha
A2Bee; a stinging winged insect that produces honey.
abeto
A2アベット（abeto）は、平たい針葉を持つ常緑樹で、モミの木として知られています。
