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B1 noun #2,200 よく出る 12分で読める

mercadoria

At the A1 level, learners are introduced to the most basic vocabulary needed for survival and simple daily interactions. The word 'mercadoria' might be slightly advanced for absolute beginners, who usually learn 'comida' (food), 'roupa' (clothes), or 'coisa' (thing) first. However, it is essential to recognize it on signs or when interacting with shopkeepers. An A1 learner should understand that 'mercadoria' simply means the things a store is selling. If a sign says 'Entrada de Mercadorias', the learner knows this is the delivery entrance, not the customer entrance. The focus at this level is purely on recognition and very basic usage, such as understanding a store clerk saying, 'A mercadoria chegou' (The merchandise arrived). Learners should practice associating the word with shopping and stores, recognizing it as a feminine noun ('a mercadoria'). They do not need to worry about complex pluralizations or abstract economic meanings yet. Simple sentences like 'Eu vejo a mercadoria' (I see the merchandise) or 'A mercadoria é boa' (The merchandise is good) are the goal. Vocabulary building at this stage involves linking 'mercadoria' with verbs like 'comprar' (to buy) and 'vender' (to sell).
At the A2 level, learners begin to construct more detailed sentences and engage in routine exchanges. The usage of 'mercadoria' expands from mere recognition to active use in simple transactions. An A2 learner can use the word to ask questions in a store, such as 'Onde está a mercadoria?' (Where is the merchandise?) or 'Vocês têm esta mercadoria?' (Do you have this merchandise?). They start to understand the plural form, 'mercadorias', and can use it to describe multiple items. The context remains largely practical: shopping, post office visits, and basic descriptions of goods. Learners at this stage should be able to combine 'mercadoria' with common adjectives, understanding gender agreement (e.g., mercadoria nova, mercadoria velha, mercadoria cara, mercadoria barata). They also begin to encounter the word in simple reading texts, such as short advertisements or basic store policies. The ability to express simple complaints, like 'A mercadoria está quebrada' (The merchandise is broken), becomes a valuable skill. The focus is on practical, everyday communication related to buying and selling physical items.
At the B1 level, learners achieve a degree of independence and can handle most situations likely to arise while traveling in an area where the language is spoken. The word 'mercadoria' becomes a core part of their vocabulary for dealing with more complex situations, such as logistics, online shopping, and customer service. A B1 learner can track a package and understand statuses like 'mercadoria em trânsito' (merchandise in transit) or 'mercadoria retida' (merchandise held). They can write a simple email to a company complaining about a delayed delivery or a defective product, using the term correctly in a semi-formal register. They understand the difference between 'mercadoria' and synonyms like 'produto' or 'artigo'. At this stage, learners can discuss general topics related to commerce, such as importing and exporting, using sentences like 'O Brasil exporta muitas mercadorias' (Brazil exports many goods). They are comfortable with the plural form and can use it in broader contexts, moving beyond just personal shopping to understanding basic economic concepts presented in straightforward news articles or reports.
At the B2 level, learners can understand the main ideas of complex text on both concrete and abstract topics. The use of 'mercadoria' becomes more nuanced and professional. A B2 learner can confidently use the term in business contexts, discussing supply chains, inventory management, and trade agreements. They can read and understand business news, where phrases like 'circulação de mercadorias' (circulation of goods) or 'apreensão de mercadorias' (seizure of goods) are common. They can articulate opinions on consumerism, perhaps discussing how society treats certain things as mere 'mercadorias'. The vocabulary expands to include specific collocations and compound phrases, such as 'mercadoria de contrabando' (smuggled goods) or 'mercadoria perecível' (perishable goods). Learners at this level can write detailed reports or essays involving commerce and trade, ensuring perfect grammatical agreement and appropriate register. They understand the legal and bureaucratic implications of the word, such as its use in customs declarations (declaração de mercadorias) and tax discussions (imposto sobre mercadorias).
At the C1 level, learners can express themselves fluently and spontaneously without much obvious searching for expressions. The word 'mercadoria' is used with native-like precision. A C1 learner can engage in deep, abstract discussions about economics, globalization, and sociology, using 'mercadoria' to discuss the commodification of culture or labor (a mercantilização). They can read complex academic texts, legal contracts, and financial analyses where the term is used with strict technical definitions. They are fully aware of the subtle distinctions between 'mercadoria', 'bem', 'produto', and 'ativo', and can choose the exact right word for the context. They can understand and use idiomatic expressions or industry-specific jargon related to the word. In writing, they can draft formal business proposals, legal complaints, or academic papers, using 'mercadoria' flawlessly within complex sentence structures. The word is no longer just a vocabulary item to be learned, but a tool to express sophisticated concepts regarding trade, value, and global supply chains.
At the C2 level, learners can understand with ease virtually everything heard or read. They can summarize information from different spoken and written sources, reconstructing arguments and accounts in a coherent presentation. The mastery of 'mercadoria' at this level is absolute. A C2 learner understands the historical and etymological weight of the word, recognizing its roots and its evolution in the Portuguese language. They can appreciate its use in literature, poetry, or historical texts, where it might carry connotations of the Age of Discovery and the spice trade. They can play with the word, using it ironically or metaphorically in creative writing or high-level debate. They are perfectly comfortable with archaic or highly specialized uses of the term. At this pinnacle of language proficiency, 'mercadoria' is integrated seamlessly into a vast, nuanced vocabulary, allowing the speaker to articulate the most complex, subtle, and precise thoughts regarding commerce, human interaction, and material culture in the Portuguese-speaking world.
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mercadoria 30秒で

  • Refers to physical goods, merchandise, or commodities intended for trade.
  • A feminine noun, requiring feminine articles and adjectives (a mercadoria).
  • Widely used in retail, logistics, e-commerce, and customs contexts.
  • Can be used in the plural (mercadorias) to describe multiple items or cargo.

The Portuguese word mercadoria refers to goods, merchandise, or commodities that are bought, sold, or traded in commerce. It is a fundamental term in economics, business, and everyday shopping. Understanding this word is essential for anyone navigating the Portuguese-speaking world, whether you are buying items at a local market, dealing with customs, or reading business news. The concept of mercadoria is deeply tied to the history of trade, especially considering the historical significance of the Portuguese empire in global commerce, where spices, textiles, and other goods were transported across oceans.

Core Definition
Physical items produced for sale or trade.

A mercadoria chegou ontem ao porto.

The merchandise arrived at the port yesterday.

In modern contexts, mercadoria can refer to anything from groceries in a supermarket to large shipping containers filled with electronics. The term emphasizes the commercial aspect of the item—it is not just an object, but an object intended for transaction. This distinguishes it from words like 'coisa' (thing) or 'objeto' (object), which lack the inherent commercial connotation.

Legal Context
In law, mercadoria is subject to specific taxes, such as ICMS in Brazil (Tax on Circulation of Goods and Services).

O imposto sobre a mercadoria é muito alto.

The tax on the merchandise is very high.

When discussing logistics, the plural form mercadorias is frequently used. You will see signs for 'transporte de mercadorias' (freight transport) on highways. The word is versatile and appears in both formal business documents and casual conversations about delayed online shopping deliveries.

Logistics
The physical movement and storage of commercial goods.

O caminhão transporta mercadorias perigosas.

The truck transports dangerous goods.

Furthermore, the term is often used in expressions related to quality. A 'mercadoria de primeira' means top-quality goods, while 'mercadoria falsificada' refers to counterfeit goods. This demonstrates how the word adapts to describe the state, legality, and value of the items in question.

Eles vendem mercadoria de excelente qualidade.

They sell merchandise of excellent quality.

To fully master this word, one must practice its collocations. Verbs like 'comprar' (buy), 'vender' (sell), 'entregar' (deliver), and 'devolver' (return) are its most common companions. Mastering these combinations will significantly improve your fluency in commercial Portuguese.

Preciso devolver esta mercadoria com defeito.

I need to return this defective merchandise.

Using mercadoria correctly involves understanding its grammatical properties and its typical environments. As a feminine singular noun, it dictates the gender and number of adjectives and articles that modify it. For example, you must say 'a mercadoria cara' (the expensive merchandise) and not 'o mercadoria caro'. This agreement is crucial for sounding natural in Portuguese. The word is highly prevalent in both spoken and written Portuguese, particularly in contexts involving commerce, retail, and international trade.

Grammar Rule
Feminine noun requiring feminine articles and adjectives.

A mercadoria importada é mais cara.

The imported merchandise is more expensive.

In retail environments, customers and store owners frequently use this term. If a store is out of stock, the clerk might say, 'Estamos sem essa mercadoria no momento' (We are out of this merchandise at the moment). If you are tracking a package, the tracking system might state, 'Mercadoria em trânsito' (Merchandise in transit). These practical applications make it a high-frequency word for anyone living in or visiting a Portuguese-speaking country.

Retail Usage
Commonly used to refer to store inventory.

A loja recebeu nova mercadoria hoje.

The store received new merchandise today.

In business-to-business (B2B) communications, the term is ubiquitous. Invoices, shipping manifests, and customs declarations all rely heavily on the word mercadoria. It is often categorized by its nature, such as 'mercadoria perecível' (perishable goods) or 'mercadoria frágil' (fragile goods). Knowing these adjectives is just as important as knowing the noun itself, as they often appear together on packaging and shipping labels.

Shipping Context
Used to describe the nature of the cargo for handling purposes.

Cuidado, é uma mercadoria frágil.

Careful, it is fragile merchandise.

When dealing with customs (alfândega), the declaration of goods is a mandatory process. The phrase 'declaração de mercadorias' is standard terminology. If you travel internationally and bring back items to sell, you must declare these mercadorias to avoid fines or confiscation. This legal and bureaucratic usage highlights the formal register of the word.

A mercadoria ficou retida na alfândega.

The merchandise was held at customs.

Finally, the term is used metaphorically in some contexts. To treat someone or something as a commodity is to treat them as a 'mercadoria'. This usage is common in sociology and cultural critiques, discussing the commodification of art, culture, or even human labor. This shows the depth of the word beyond its literal commercial meaning.

A arte não deve ser tratada como mera mercadoria.

Art should not be treated as mere merchandise.

You will encounter the word mercadoria in a wide variety of settings, ranging from everyday life to specialized professional environments. The most common place is undoubtedly the retail sector. Whether you are in a massive supermarket (supermercado) or a small neighborhood shop (mercearia), the items on the shelves are all mercadorias. Store managers discuss the arrival of mercadoria, inventory checks involve counting mercadoria, and sales promotions aim to move mercadoria quickly.

Supermarkets
The primary location where consumers interact with physical goods.

O repositor está organizando a mercadoria nas prateleiras.

The stocker is organizing the merchandise on the shelves.

Another major domain is logistics and transportation. Ports, airports, and distribution centers are hubs of mercadoria. If you listen to the news, reports on the economy often mention the export and import of mercadorias. Truck drivers (caminhoneiros) are the backbone of this system in countries like Brazil, and their daily vocabulary is centered around the loading (carregamento) and unloading (descarregamento) of mercadorias.

Transportation
The movement of goods across cities, states, and countries.

O trem de carga transporta toneladas de mercadoria.

The freight train transports tons of merchandise.

E-commerce has dramatically increased the everyday usage of this word. When you buy something online, you receive updates about your mercadoria. Phrases like 'mercadoria despachada' (merchandise dispatched) or 'mercadoria entregue' (merchandise delivered) are standard in the automated emails and app notifications sent by companies like Correios (the Brazilian postal service) or private couriers.

E-commerce
Online shopping platforms and delivery tracking systems.

Acompanhe o rastreamento da sua mercadoria pelo aplicativo.

Track your merchandise through the app.

In the legal and financial sectors, the term is used with strict precision. Contracts specify the condition of the mercadoria upon delivery, the transfer of risk, and the warranties applied. Customs officials use the term constantly when inspecting luggage or cargo. If you watch documentary series about border control (like 'Aeroporto: Área Restrita'), the word is spoken in almost every episode as officers search for illegal or undeclared items.

A mercadoria ilegal foi apreendida pela Polícia Federal.

The illegal merchandise was seized by the Federal Police.

Finally, you will hear it in everyday complaints. If a consumer buys a defective product, they might complain to the store manager: 'Comprei esta mercadoria ontem e já está quebrada' (I bought this merchandise yesterday and it's already broken). It is a highly functional word that bridges the gap between macroeconomic concepts and personal, daily transactions.

Exijo a troca desta mercadoria imediatamente.

I demand the exchange of this merchandise immediately.

When learning the word mercadoria, students often make a few predictable errors. The most common mistake is related to gender agreement. Because the word ends in '-ia', it is feminine. However, English speakers, who do not assign gender to 'merchandise' or 'goods', sometimes forget to make the accompanying adjectives and articles feminine. Saying 'o mercadoria' or 'mercadoria caro' is a grammatical error that immediately marks the speaker as a learner.

Gender Error
Failing to use feminine modifiers with the noun.

❌ Errado: O mercadoria é bom.
✅ Certo: A mercadoria é boa.

The merchandise is good.

Another frequent mistake is confusing 'mercadoria' with 'mercado'. While they share the same root (from Latin 'mercatus'), their meanings are distinct. 'Mercado' refers to the market—the place where goods are sold, or the abstract economic concept of supply and demand. 'Mercadoria' refers to the goods themselves. You go to the mercado to buy mercadoria. Mixing these up can lead to confusing sentences.

Vocabulary Confusion
Using 'mercado' (market) instead of 'mercadoria' (merchandise).

❌ Errado: Eu comprei muito mercado hoje.
✅ Certo: Eu comprei muita mercadoria hoje.

I bought a lot of merchandise today.

Learners also struggle with the pluralization. In English, 'merchandise' is an uncountable noun; you cannot say 'merchandises'. However, in Portuguese, 'mercadoria' is countable. You can have 'uma mercadoria' (one piece of merchandise) or 'várias mercadorias' (several goods/wares). English speakers often default to the singular 'mercadoria' even when referring to multiple distinct items, which sounds slightly unnatural in Portuguese contexts where the plural is expected.

Pluralization Error
Treating it as an uncountable noun like in English.

❌ Errado: O caminhão traz muita mercadoria diferentes.
✅ Certo: O caminhão traz muitas mercadorias diferentes.

The truck brings many different goods.

A more subtle mistake involves register. While 'mercadoria' is perfectly correct, using it in very casual contexts to refer to personal belongings sounds overly formal or robotic. If you are talking about the groceries you just bought, it is more natural to say 'as compras' (the purchases) rather than 'as mercadorias'. Reserve 'mercadoria' for business, shipping, retail, and formal complaints.

❌ Inadequado (Casual): Ajude-me a carregar as mercadorias do supermercado.
✅ Adequado: Ajude-me a carregar as compras do supermercado.

Help me carry the groceries from the supermarket.

Lastly, spelling mistakes occur, particularly with the 'c' and 'd'. Some learners might write 'mercaduria' or 'merçadoria'. Remember that it follows the standard spelling of 'mercado', adding the suffix '-oria' which denotes a collection or state of being related to the root word. Paying attention to the root will solve most spelling issues.

A palavra correta é mercadoria, com 'c' e 'o'.

The correct word is merchandise, with 'c' and 'o'.

The Portuguese language offers several synonyms and related terms for mercadoria, each with its own specific nuance and preferred context. The most common synonym is produto (product). While often used interchangeably, 'produto' emphasizes the result of a manufacturing or creation process, whereas 'mercadoria' emphasizes the item's status as something to be traded. Every mercadoria is a produto, but not every produto is a mercadoria (for example, a homemade cake you eat yourself is a product, but not merchandise).

Produto
Focuses on the creation or manufacturing aspect.

Este é um novo produto, mas ainda não é uma mercadoria comercializada.

This is a new product, but it is not yet commercialized merchandise.

Another closely related word is artigo (article or item). This is frequently used in retail, especially in clothing or specialized stores. You will see signs for 'artigos esportivos' (sporting goods) or 'artigos de luxo' (luxury items). 'Artigo' sounds slightly more refined or specific than the broad term 'mercadoria', which can sometimes sound industrial or bulk-oriented.

Artigo
Used for specific categories of retail items.

A loja vende artigos de couro, que são mercadorias caras.

The store sells leather articles, which are expensive merchandise.

In the context of transportation and logistics, the word carga (cargo or freight) is highly relevant. When mercadorias are loaded onto a truck, ship, or plane, they collectively become 'carga'. The distinction is perspective: 'mercadoria' is the economic view of the items, while 'carga' is the physical, logistical view of the items being moved.

Carga
The physical goods being transported.

A carga do navio é composta por diversas mercadorias.

The ship's cargo is composed of various merchandise.

In economics, the word bem (good) is used, usually in the plural bens (goods). This is a very formal, academic, or legal term. You will hear about 'bens de consumo' (consumer goods) or 'bens de capital' (capital goods). 'Bens' is broader than 'mercadoria', as it can include real estate (bens imóveis) or intangible assets, whereas mercadoria strictly refers to movable, tradable physical items.

Os bens de consumo são as mercadorias mais vendidas aqui.

Consumer goods are the most sold merchandise here.

Lastly, the word gênero is sometimes used, particularly in the phrase 'gêneros alimentícios' (foodstuffs). This is an older, more traditional way to refer to food products intended for sale. A traditional grocery store might be called a 'loja de gêneros alimentícios', though today, 'mercadorias' or 'produtos' is more common in everyday speech.

O supermercado estocou novos gêneros, ou seja, novas mercadorias.

The supermarket stocked new foodstuffs, that is, new merchandise.

How Formal Is It?

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知っておくべき文法

レベル別の例文

1

A loja vende muita mercadoria.

The store sells a lot of merchandise.

Feminine singular noun 'mercadoria' with the feminine adjective 'muita'.

2

Eu vejo a mercadoria.

I see the merchandise.

Direct object of the verb 'ver'.

3

A mercadoria é nova.

The merchandise is new.

Adjective 'nova' agrees in gender and number with 'mercadoria'.

4

Onde está a mercadoria?

Where is the merchandise?

Used with the verb 'estar' to indicate location.

5

A mercadoria chegou.

The merchandise arrived.

Subject of the sentence with the past tense verb 'chegou'.

6

Esta mercadoria é cara.

This merchandise is expensive.

Demonstrative pronoun 'Esta' agrees with the feminine noun.

7

Eu quero comprar mercadoria.

I want to buy merchandise.

Used as the object of the infinitive verb 'comprar'.

8

A mercadoria está aqui.

The merchandise is here.

Simple statement of location using 'aqui'.

1

Nós precisamos organizar as mercadorias.

We need to organize the merchandise.

Plural form 'mercadorias' with the plural article 'as'.

2

A mercadoria está na caixa.

The merchandise is in the box.

Preposition 'em' + 'a' = 'na' indicating containment.

3

Eles vendem mercadorias baratas.

They sell cheap merchandise.

Plural adjective 'baratas' agreeing with 'mercadorias'.

4

A mercadoria foi entregue ontem.

The merchandise was delivered yesterday.

Passive voice 'foi entregue' agreeing with the feminine subject.

5

Qual é o preço desta mercadoria?

What is the price of this merchandise?

Preposition 'de' + 'esta' = 'desta'.

6

A mercadoria está com defeito.

The merchandise is defective.

Expression 'com defeito' used to describe the state of the noun.

7

Eu não gosto desta mercadoria.

I don't like this merchandise.

Verb 'gostar' requires the preposition 'de' (desta).

8

As mercadorias são importadas.

The goods are imported.

Plural subject with plural adjective 'importadas'.

1

O transporte de mercadorias é muito importante para a economia.

The transport of goods is very important for the economy.

Noun phrase 'transporte de mercadorias' acting as the subject.

2

A mercadoria ficou retida na alfândega por duas semanas.

The merchandise was held at customs for two weeks.

Use of 'ficar' + adjective 'retida' to indicate a change of state.

3

Por favor, verifique se a mercadoria está intacta.

Please check if the merchandise is intact.

Subordinate clause introduced by 'se'.

4

A devolução da mercadoria deve ser feita em até sete dias.

The return of the merchandise must be done within seven days.

Passive construction 'deve ser feita' agreeing with 'devolução'.

5

Temos uma grande variedade de mercadorias em estoque.

We have a wide variety of merchandise in stock.

Expression 'em estoque' modifying the noun phrase.

6

O cliente reclamou da qualidade da mercadoria.

The customer complained about the quality of the merchandise.

Verb 'reclamar' requires preposition 'de' (da).

7

A mercadoria foi danificada durante o transporte.

The merchandise was damaged during transport.

Passive voice 'foi danificada' indicating an action received.

8

Eles trabalham com a exportação de mercadorias.

They work with the export of goods.

Preposition 'com' linking the verb to the activity.

1

A circulação de mercadorias está sujeita à cobrança de impostos.

The circulation of goods is subject to the collection of taxes.

Formal structure 'sujeita a' with crasis (à).

2

A escassez de matérias-primas afetou a produção de mercadorias.

The shortage of raw materials affected the production of goods.

Complex subject 'A escassez de matérias-primas'.

3

O seguro cobre a perda ou roubo da mercadoria em trânsito.

The insurance covers the loss or theft of the merchandise in transit.

Use of 'em trânsito' as an adjectival phrase.

4

Trata-se de uma mercadoria altamente perecível que exige refrigeração.

It is a highly perishable merchandise that requires refrigeration.

Impersonal construction 'Trata-se de' followed by a relative clause.

5

A apreensão de mercadorias contrabandeadas aumentou este ano.

The seizure of smuggled goods increased this year.

Past participle 'contrabandeadas' acting as an adjective.

6

O fornecedor garantiu a reposição imediata da mercadoria defeituosa.

The supplier guaranteed the immediate replacement of the defective merchandise.

Noun phrase with multiple modifiers: 'reposição imediata da mercadoria defeituosa'.

7

A globalização facilitou o fluxo internacional de mercadorias.

Globalization facilitated the international flow of goods.

Abstract subject 'globalização' with a direct object.

8

O código de barras permite o rastreamento preciso de cada mercadoria.

The barcode allows for the precise tracking of each merchandise.

Use of 'cada' to individualize the uncountable concept.

1

A mercantilização da cultura transforma tradições em meras mercadorias.

The commodification of culture transforms traditions into mere merchandise.

Abstract usage of 'mercadorias' with the adjective 'meras'.

2

O tratado de livre comércio visa isentar as mercadorias de tarifas alfandegárias.

The free trade agreement aims to exempt goods from customs tariffs.

Verb 'isentar' requiring the preposition 'de'.

3

A logística reversa lida com o retorno de mercadorias na cadeia de suprimentos.

Reverse logistics deals with the return of goods in the supply chain.

Technical vocabulary 'logística reversa' and 'cadeia de suprimentos'.

4

A flutuação cambial impacta diretamente a competitividade das nossas mercadorias no exterior.

Exchange rate fluctuation directly impacts the competitiveness of our goods abroad.

Complex sentence with abstract economic concepts.

5

O manifesto de carga deve listar detalhadamente todas as mercadorias embarcadas.

The cargo manifest must list in detail all the shipped goods.

Adverb 'detalhadamente' modifying the infinitive 'listar'.

6

A obsolescência programada garante que a mercadoria tenha uma vida útil artificialmente curta.

Planned obsolescence ensures that the merchandise has an artificially short lifespan.

Subjunctive mood 'tenha' triggered by 'garante que'.

7

A valoração aduaneira determina o montante sobre o qual incidirão os impostos da mercadoria.

Customs valuation determines the amount on which the merchandise's taxes will be levied.

Relative pronoun 'o qual' governed by the preposition 'sobre'.

8

O embargo econômico proibiu a entrada de qualquer mercadoria proveniente daquele país.

The economic embargo prohibited the entry of any merchandise originating from that country.

Adjective 'proveniente' requiring the preposition 'de' (daquele).

1

Na esteira do capitalismo tardio, até mesmo as relações humanas são passíveis de se tornarem mercadorias.

In the wake of late capitalism, even human relationships are liable to become commodities.

Highly abstract, philosophical usage of the plural 'mercadorias'.

2

A jurisprudência consolidou o entendimento de que o software, quando vendido em larga escala, equipara-se a uma mercadoria.

Jurisprudence has consolidated the understanding that software, when sold on a large scale, is equivalent to merchandise.

Legal terminology 'jurisprudência' and reflexive verb 'equipara-se'.

3

O fetiche da mercadoria, conceito basilar da teoria marxista, oculta as relações sociais de produção.

Commodity fetishism, a foundational concept of Marxist theory, conceals the social relations of production.

Academic terminology 'fetiche da mercadoria'.

4

A despeito das sanções, o fluxo sub-reptício de mercadorias ilícitas continuou a irrigar a economia paralela.

Despite the sanctions, the surreptitious flow of illicit goods continued to irrigate the parallel economy.

Advanced vocabulary 'sub-reptício', 'irrigar', and concessive phrase 'A despeito de'.

5

A fungibilidade da mercadoria é um critério essencial para a sua negociação no mercado de futuros.

The fungibility of the commodity is an essential criterion for its trading in the futures market.

Technical financial term 'fungibilidade'.

6

O perecimento da mercadoria por força maior exime o transportador da responsabilidade civil, salvo dolo ou culpa grave.

The perishing of the goods due to force majeure exempts the carrier from civil liability, except in cases of intent or gross negligence.

Complex legal phrasing 'perecimento', 'força maior', 'exime', 'salvo dolo'.

7

A transmutação do valor de uso em valor de troca é o corolário da transformação do objeto em mercadoria.

The transmutation of use value into exchange value is the corollary of the object's transformation into a commodity.

Philosophical/economic discourse using 'corolário' and 'transmutação'.

8

A avaria grossa exige o rateio dos prejuízos entre todos os interessados na mercadoria salva.

General average requires the apportionment of losses among all parties interested in the saved merchandise.

Maritime law terminology 'avaria grossa' and 'rateio'.

よく使う組み合わせ

mercadoria roubada
mercadoria contrabandeada
transporte de mercadorias
entrega de mercadorias
apreensão de mercadorias
mercadoria em trânsito
mercadoria perecível
mercadoria frágil
devolução de mercadoria
estoque de mercadorias

よく使うフレーズ

A mercadoria chegou.

Troca de mercadoria.

Mercadoria com defeito.

Entrada de mercadorias.

Saída de mercadorias.

Rastreamento de mercadoria.

Declaração de mercadorias.

Imposto sobre mercadorias.

Mercadoria de primeira.

Faltou mercadoria.

よく混同される語

mercadoria vs mercado

mercadoria vs produto

mercadoria vs compras

慣用句と表現

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間違えやすい

mercadoria vs

mercadoria vs

mercadoria vs

mercadoria vs

mercadoria vs

文型パターン

使い方

note

While 'mercadoria' is countable in Portuguese, it is often translated as the uncountable 'merchandise' in English. This requires a mental shift when translating back and forth.

よくある間違い
  • Using masculine articles: saying 'o mercadoria' instead of 'a mercadoria'.
  • Confusing it with 'mercado': saying 'Vou comprar no mercadoria' instead of 'Vou comprar no mercado'.
  • Treating it as uncountable: refusing to use 'mercadorias' when talking about multiple distinct items.
  • Using it for personal belongings: calling your backpack and keys 'minhas mercadorias'.
  • Misspelling: writing 'mercaduria' or 'merçadoria'.

ヒント

Always Feminine

Never say 'o mercadoria'. It is always 'a mercadoria'. Check your adjectives too!

Mercado vs Mercadoria

Mercado is the place. Mercadoria is the stuff inside the place. Don't mix them up.

Plural is OK

Don't be afraid to use 'mercadorias'. It is perfectly normal in Portuguese, unlike English.

Business Context

Use this word in formal emails or complaints. It sounds professional and precise.

Em Trânsito

Learn the phrase 'mercadoria em trânsito'. You will see it every time you track a package.

Stress the RI

The accent is on the penultimate syllable: mer-ca-do-RI-a. Practice saying it smoothly.

Produto is a good backup

If you forget 'mercadoria', 'produto' is almost always a safe and understood alternative.

Alfândega Issues

In Brazil, imported 'mercadorias' are heavily taxed. Expect delays if ordering from abroad.

Formal Complaints

Start a complaint with: 'Gostaria de relatar um problema com a mercadoria recebida'.

News Reports

Listen for 'exportação de mercadorias' in the news to practice understanding economic contexts.

暗記しよう

語源

From Latin 'mercatus' (trade, market), derived from 'mercari' (to trade, buy).

文化的な背景

The tax ICMS (Imposto sobre Circulação de Mercadorias e Serviços) is one of the most discussed and complex taxes in Brazil.

In Portugal, the term 'mercadorias' is frequently used in railway contexts, such as 'comboio de mercadorias' (freight train).

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

会話のきっかけ

"Você costuma comprar mercadorias pela internet?"

"Já teve problemas com a entrega de alguma mercadoria?"

"O que você acha dos impostos sobre mercadorias no seu país?"

"Você prefere comprar mercadorias locais ou importadas?"

"Como a falta de mercadorias afetou você recentemente?"

日記のテーマ

Describe a time when you bought a defective 'mercadoria' and had to return it.

Write about the journey of a 'mercadoria' from a factory to your home.

Discuss the impact of online shopping on the transport of 'mercadorias'.

How does the concept of 'mercadoria' change when applied to digital goods?

Write a formal complaint letter about a delayed 'mercadoria'.

よくある質問

10 問

It is a feminine noun. You must use feminine articles like 'a' or 'uma' and ensure adjectives agree, such as 'mercadoria cara'. It never takes masculine modifiers. This is a strict rule in Portuguese grammar. Always remember: 'A mercadoria'.

Yes, absolutely. Unlike the English word 'merchandise', which is uncountable, 'mercadoria' can be pluralized to 'mercadorias'. This is very common when referring to multiple items or a large cargo. For example, 'O navio transporta muitas mercadorias'.

While often used interchangeably, 'produto' emphasizes that something was produced or manufactured. 'Mercadoria' emphasizes that the item is intended for trade or sale. A homemade cake is a product, but it only becomes merchandise if you sell it. In retail, both are used.

In Portugal, a freight train is called a 'comboio de mercadorias'. In Brazil, it is more commonly called a 'trem de carga'. However, 'transporte de mercadorias' is understood everywhere as the transport of goods. Both terms are correct depending on the region.

No, it sounds strange and overly formal or commercial. If you are talking about someone's personal items, use 'coisas' (things) or 'pertences' (belongings). If they just bought groceries, use 'compras'. Save 'mercadoria' for business and retail contexts.

It means 'held merchandise'. You will often see this status when tracking an international package. It usually means the item is stuck at customs (alfândega) pending inspection or tax payment. It is a very common phrase in e-commerce.

Traditionally, no. It refers to physical, tangible goods. Digital items are usually called 'produtos digitais' or 'bens digitais'. However, in abstract economic discussions, one might argue that data has become a 'mercadoria', but this is a metaphorical use.

ICMS stands for Imposto sobre Operações relativas à Circulação de Mercadorias e sobre Prestações de Serviços. It is a state tax in Brazil applied to the movement of goods. If you do business in Brazil, you will see the word 'mercadorias' constantly in this context.

It depends on the regional accent. In São Paulo or the South of Brazil, it might be a retroflex 'r' (like in English). In Rio de Janeiro or Portugal, it is often a guttural 'r' (like an 'h' in English). The stress is always on the 'ri' syllable.

It is reverse logistics, the process of returning 'mercadorias' from the consumer back to the seller or manufacturer. This is common for returns of defective items or for recycling purposes. It is a key concept in modern supply chain management.

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