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B1 noun #4,000 よく出る 10分で読める

salário-mínimo

上位4,000

練習する例文メモとヒント salário-mínimo 30秒で

解説 salário-mínimo in your Level:

At the A1 level, you should recognize 'salário-mínimo' as a single concept meaning 'minimum wage.' You don't need to worry about complex economic theories yet. Focus on the basics: 'salário' means salary, and 'mínimo' means minimum. You will mostly use it with the verb 'ganhar' (to earn). For example: 'Eu ganho o salário-mínimo.' You should also know that it is a masculine word, so you use 'o' or 'um.' It is a useful word to know when talking about jobs and basic finances. Even at this early stage, try to remember that it has a hyphen in the middle. This helps you distinguish it from just any 'small salary' and identifies it as the legal minimum wage.

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At the A2 level, you can start using 'salário-mínimo' in more descriptive sentences. You might talk about other people: 'Meu pai ganha o salário-mínimo.' You should also be able to handle simple questions like 'Qual é o valor do salário-mínimo?' (What is the value of the minimum wage?). You should begin to notice how it's used in the news or in simple job advertisements. This is also the stage where you should learn the plural form 'salários-mínimos.' Remember that in Portuguese, many compound words pluralize both parts. Understanding this will help you avoid common mistakes that even some native speakers make in casual writing.

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As a B1 learner, you should be able to discuss the social implications of the 'salário-mínimo.' You can express opinions about whether it is enough to live on: 'Acho que o salário-mínimo é muito baixo para o custo de vida atual.' You should be familiar with related vocabulary like 'aumento' (increase), 'reajuste' (readjustment), and 'inflação' (inflation). You can now use the word in the context of comparisons, such as 'O salário-mínimo em Portugal é maior do que no Brasil.' You should also be comfortable using it with prepositions like 'com' (with/on) to say 'viver com um salário-mínimo' (to live on a minimum wage). Your understanding of the word should move from just a vocabulary item to a functional tool for discussing social reality.

At the B2 level, you are expected to use 'salário-mínimo' in more formal and technical contexts. You should understand how it relates to 'poder de compra' (purchasing power) and 'cesta básica' (basic food basket). You can participate in debates about economic policy, using phrases like 'O reajuste do salário-mínimo deve acompanhar a inflação para garantir o sustento das famílias.' You should also understand the difference between the 'salário-mínimo nacional' and 'salário-mínimo regional' (used in some Brazilian states). Your grammar should be flawless, especially regarding the plural 'salários-mínimos' and the use of the hyphen. You can now read newspaper editorials about the economy and understand the nuances of how this wage affects the national budget.

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At the C1 level, your understanding of 'salário-mínimo' should be deep and nuanced. You can analyze its impact on the 'mercado de trabalho' (labor market) and the 'setor informal' (informal sector). You should be able to discuss the 'efeito farol' (lighthouse effect), where the minimum wage serves as a reference for wages that are not legally bound by it. You can use the term in academic writing or professional reports, discussing its role as a 'indexador' (indexer) for social benefits. You should also be aware of the historical evolution of the minimum wage in Lusophone countries and how different political ideologies approach its adjustment. Your use of the word is now integrated into a sophisticated understanding of Portuguese-speaking societies and their economic structures.

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At the C2 level, you possess a native-like command of the term 'salário-mínimo' and all its associated legal and economic connotations. You can critique complex legislative proposals regarding wage floors and understand the intricate relationship between the minimum wage and 'previdência social' (social security). You are comfortable with the most formal registers, using terms like 'estipêndio mínimo' or 'remuneração mínima garantida' in legal contracts. You can also navigate the most informal slangs or regional variations across the entire Lusophone world. You understand the word not just as a financial value, but as a historical and cultural symbol of the struggle for labor rights. You can engage in high-level economic consultancy or political analysis using this term with absolute precision and stylistic flair.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

salário-mínimo 30秒で

The legal floor for worker pay.
Adjusted annually to fight inflation.
Pluralized as 'salários-mínimos' with a hyphen.
Key benchmark for social benefits and pensions.

The term salário-mínimo is a fundamental pillar of the Portuguese-speaking economic and social landscape. At its core, it refers to the lowest legal remuneration that employers can pay to their workers for the work performed during a given period. It is not just a number; it is a social contract, a benchmark for poverty levels, and a constant topic of political debate in countries like Brazil, Portugal, Angola, and Mozambique. For an English speaker, the concept is identical to the 'minimum wage,' but the cultural weight it carries in Lusophone societies is often more pronounced due to its direct link to social benefits, pensions, and the overall cost of living. You will encounter this word in news broadcasts, political speeches, job contracts, and everyday conversations about the economy. Understanding salário-mínimo is essential for anyone looking to understand the socio-economic reality of the Portuguese-speaking world.

Economic Context: In Brazil, the salário-mínimo is adjusted annually, usually taking into account inflation and GDP growth. It serves as the base for calculating unemployment insurance, maternity leave, and retirement pensions. Therefore, when the minimum wage increases, it has a ripple effect across the entire national budget.

Muitos trabalhadores brasileiros sobrevivem com apenas um salário-mínimo por mês, o que é um grande desafio diante da inflação.

Daily Conversations: When people talk about their salaries, they might use the minimum wage as a unit of measurement. For example, someone might say 'Eu ganho três salários-mínimos' (I earn three minimum wages) rather than stating the exact amount in Reais or Euros.

The word is composed of two parts: salário (salary) and mínimo (minimum). In Portuguese, compound nouns formed by a noun and an adjective usually pluralize both elements. This word is frequently associated with the 'CLT' (Consolidação das Leis do Trabalho) in Brazil, which is the main body of labor laws. In Portugal, the salário-mínimo nacional (SMN) is often discussed in the context of European Union standards and the cost of housing in cities like Lisbon and Porto.

O governo propôs um aumento real para o salário-mínimo no próximo ano fiscal.

Legislative Importance: The salário-mínimo is established by law. It is a mandatory floor, meaning that no full-time contract can legally pay less than this amount. It is a protection against labor exploitation and a tool for wealth redistribution.

A discussão sobre o salário-mínimo sempre gera debates intensos entre sindicatos e empresários.

É impossível sustentar uma família de quatro pessoas com apenas um salário-mínimo.

O valor do salário-mínimo varia de acordo com o país e a política econômica vigente.

Using salário-mínimo correctly involves understanding its grammatical gender (masculine) and its role as a compound noun. In sentences, it often acts as the direct object of verbs like 'ganhar' (to earn), 'pagar' (to pay), 'aumentar' (to increase), or 'reajustar' (to readjust). Because it is a masculine noun, it is preceded by the article 'o' (the) or 'um' (a). When referring to multiple units of this wage, remember the plural form salários-mínimos. This section explores how to integrate this term into various syntactic structures, from simple statements to complex economic analyses.

Common Verbs: The most common verb paired with this noun is ganhar. For example: 'Ele ganha o salário-mínimo' (He earns the minimum wage). Other important verbs include receber (to receive), estabelecer (to establish), and reivindicar (to demand/claim).

O sindicato está lutando por um salário-mínimo mais digno para a categoria.

Prepositional Usage: We often use the preposition de to indicate the value or the type of wage. For instance: 'O valor do salário-mínimo subiu' (The value of the minimum wage went up). Or using com to express living conditions: 'Viver com um salário-mínimo é difícil' (Living on a minimum wage is difficult).

In formal writing, such as academic papers or legal documents, you might see the term used in the context of 'poder de compra' (purchasing power). For example: 'A erosão do poder de compra do salário-mínimo afeta as classes mais baixas' (The erosion of the minimum wage's purchasing power affects the lower classes). It is also common to see it in the context of 'reajuste anual' (annual adjustment), which is the process by which the government updates the value to keep up with inflation.

A lei garante que nenhum trabalhador receba menos que o salário-mínimo vigente.

Adjectival Qualifiers: You can qualify the wage with adjectives like atual (current), nacional (national), regional (regional), or defasado (outdated/lagging).

O salário-mínimo regional pode ser superior ao nacional em alguns estados brasileiros.

O cálculo do salário-mínimo ideal leva em conta os gastos com alimentação, moradia e saúde.

Muitas empresas pagam apenas o salário-mínimo para cargos de nível iniciante.

The term salário-mínimo is omnipresent in the daily lives of Portuguese speakers. If you turn on the TV in Brazil or Portugal during the news hour, you are almost guaranteed to hear it, especially during the months of December and January when annual adjustments are announced. It is the heartbeat of political discourse, as it directly affects the largest portion of the working population. Beyond the news, you will hear it in marketplaces, supermarkets, and on public transport, where people discuss the rising cost of goods relative to their earnings.

In a professional setting, human resources departments use this term constantly. When discussing entry-level positions or internship stipends, the salário-mínimo is the starting point for negotiations. In labor unions (sindicatos), it is the battle cry for better working conditions. You might hear a union leader shouting into a megaphone: 'Queremos um aumento real do salário-mínimo!' (We want a real increase in the minimum wage!). This highlights the word's role in social activism and economic justice.

Social media is another place where this word thrives. Influencers who focus on personal finance often create content titled 'Como viver com um salário-mínimo' (How to live on a minimum wage), offering budgeting tips and frugal living advice. These videos and posts garner millions of views because they resonate with the lived experience of many. In these contexts, the word is used with a sense of pragmatism and sometimes frustration regarding the 'poder de compra' (purchasing power) of the currency.

In academic and legal circles, the word is used with precision. Law students study the 'Artigo 7º da Constituição Federal' in Brazil, which defines the purpose of the salário-mínimo. Economists debate the 'efeito farol' (lighthouse effect), where the minimum wage serves as a signal for wages in the informal sector. In these high-level discussions, the term is treated as a technical variable that influences inflation, consumption, and the national debt.

Finally, you will hear it in family settings. Parents might tell their children about their first job, saying 'No meu primeiro emprego, eu ganhava meio salário-mínimo' (In my first job, I earned half a minimum wage—referring to part-time work). It serves as a historical marker for personal economic progress. Whether it is a technical report or a casual chat over coffee, salário-mínimo is a keyword for navigating the financial reality of the Lusophone world.

One of the most frequent mistakes English speakers make when using salário-mínimo is related to its pluralization. In English, we say 'minimum wages,' only pluralizing the noun. However, in Portuguese, because 'mínimo' functions as an adjective modifying 'salário,' both words must agree in number. Therefore, writing salários-mínimo or salário-mínimos is incorrect. The only correct plural form is salários-mínimos.

Another common error is the omission of the hyphen. While some modern spelling reforms have removed hyphens from many compound words, salário-mínimo retains its hyphen when it refers specifically to the legal concept of the minimum wage. If you write 'salário mínimo' without the hyphen, you are simply describing a 'salary that is small,' rather than referring to the legal 'minimum wage' institution. This is a subtle but important distinction in formal writing.

Gender agreement is also a stumbling block. Since salário is a masculine noun, everything associated with it must be masculine. Learners sometimes mistakenly use the feminine article 'a' or feminine adjectives because they might be thinking of 'a remuneração' (remuneration), which is feminine. Always remember: o salário-mínimo, um salário-mínimo, o novo salário-mínimo. Using 'a salário-mínimo' is a clear sign of a beginner mistake.

Confusion between salário-mínimo and piso salarial is another technical error. While salário-mínimo is the national or regional floor for all workers, a piso salarial is a minimum wage specific to a certain profession or category (e.g., the minimum wage for engineers or teachers). Using these interchangeably in a legal or professional context can lead to misunderstandings. Make sure you are using salário-mínimo for the general concept and piso salarial for industry-specific minimums.

Lastly, learners often struggle with the preposition used after 'ganhar.' In English, we say 'earn a minimum wage.' In Portuguese, we often use the definite article: 'ganhar o salário-mínimo.' While 'ganhar um salário-mínimo' is not grammatically wrong, 'ganhar o salário-mínimo' is much more common when referring to the standard legal rate. Avoid literal translations like 'ganhar por salário-mínimo,' which sounds unnatural.

While salário-mínimo is the most common term, several other words and phrases are used to discuss earnings and pay floors. Understanding these alternatives will help you sound more natural and precise in different contexts. The most direct alternative is piso salarial. As mentioned before, this refers to the minimum wage for a specific professional category, usually negotiated by unions. If you are talking about the minimum a doctor or a construction worker should earn, piso salarial is the correct term.

Remuneração: This is a broader term than salário. While salário is the fixed amount paid for labor, remuneração includes the salary plus benefits, bonuses, and tips. In a job offer, you might see 'remuneração mínima' instead of 'salário-mínimo' if it includes extra perks.

Vencimento: Commonly used in the public sector (civil servants), vencimento is essentially the base salary. You might hear about the 'vencimento mínimo' for government employees, which is often higher than the national salário-mínimo.

Ordenado: In Portugal, the word ordenado is very common and often used interchangeably with salário. Therefore, you will frequently hear 'ordenado mínimo' instead of 'salário-mínimo' in Lisbon or Porto. In Brazil, 'ordenado' sounds a bit old-fashioned or very formal.

Another important concept is salário-base. This is the minimum amount stipulated in a contract before any additions like overtime (horas extras) or night shift premiums (adicional noturno). It is important not to confuse the salário-base of a specific company with the national salário-mínimo. Finally, in informal Brazilian Portuguese, you might hear the word mínimo used on its own as a shorthand: 'Ele ganha só o mínimo' (He earns only the minimum). This is very common in casual conversation.

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

The concept of a modern minimum wage was first introduced in New Zealand in 1894. In Brazil, it was established by Getúlio Vargas in 1940.

発音ガイド

UK /sɐ.ˈla.ɾju.ˈmi.ni.mu/

US /sə.ˈla.ɾjoʊ.ˈmi.ni.moʊ/

The primary stress is on the second syllable of 'salário' (lá) and the first syllable of 'mínimo' (mí).

韻が合う語

precário itinerário primário centenário ordinário voluntário operário vituperário

よくある間違い

Pronouncing the 'r' as an English 'r' instead of a tapped Portuguese 'r'.
Forgetting to sound the final 'o' as a soft 'u'.
Putting the stress on the wrong syllable of 'mínimo'.

難易度

読解 3/5

Easy to recognize but requires understanding of economic context.

ライティング 4/5

Difficult because of the plural rules and the hyphen.

スピーキング 3/5

Pronunciation is straightforward but requires correct stress.

リスニング 3/5

Common in news, easy to pick out once you know the word.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

salário mínimo dinheiro trabalho pagar

次に学ぶ

inflação poder de compra sindicato aposentadoria imposto

上級

macroeconomia CLT indexação superávit déficit

知っておくべき文法

Compound Noun Pluralization

Salários-mínimos (Both noun and adjective pluralize).

Hyphen Usage in Compound Nouns

Salário-mínimo (specific concept) vs Salário mínimo (general description).

Gender Agreement

O salário-mínimo (Masculine).

Contractions with Articles

Do salário-mínimo (de + o), No salário-mínimo (em + o).

Preposition 'Com' for Living Standards

Viver com um salário-mínimo.

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レベル別の例文

O salário-mínimo é baixo.

The minimum wage is low.

'Baixo' agrees with the masculine 'salário-mínimo'.

Eu ganho um salário-mínimo.

I earn a minimum wage.

'Ganhar' is the standard verb for 'to earn'.

Qual é o salário-mínimo?

What is the minimum wage?

Use 'Qual é' to ask for the value or identification.

Ele não tem o salário-mínimo.

He doesn't have the minimum wage.

Negative sentence using 'não'.

O salário-mínimo subiu.

The minimum wage went up.

'Subir' means to go up or increase.

Nós queremos o salário-mínimo.

We want the minimum wage.

'Queremos' is the 'nós' form of 'querer'.

O salário-mínimo é para todos.

The minimum wage is for everyone.

'Para todos' means for everyone.

Meu primeiro salário-mínimo.

My first minimum wage.

'Primeiro' is an ordinal number.

O governo aumentou o salário-mínimo ontem.

The government increased the minimum wage yesterday.

Preterite tense of 'aumentar'.

Ela recebe dois salários-mínimos por mês.

She receives two minimum wages per month.

Plural form 'salários-mínimos'.

Viver com um salário-mínimo é difícil.

Living on a minimum wage is difficult.

'Viver com' is the phrase for 'to live on/with'.

O salário-mínimo de Portugal é em Euros.

Portugal's minimum wage is in Euros.

Possessive 'de' used for the country.

Eles pagam o salário-mínimo nesta fábrica.

They pay the minimum wage in this factory.

'Nesta' is the contraction of 'em' + 'esta'.

O novo salário-mínimo começa em janeiro.

The new minimum wage starts in January.

'Janeiro' is not capitalized in Portuguese.

Muitas pessoas ganham apenas o salário-mínimo.

Many people earn only the minimum wage.

'Apenas' means 'only' or 'just'.

Você sabe o valor do salário-mínimo?

Do you know the value of the minimum wage?

'Saber' is used for facts/information.

O reajuste do salário-mínimo foi menor que a inflação.

The minimum wage readjustment was lower than inflation.

'Reajuste' is a key economic term.

O sindicato exige um aumento real do salário-mínimo.

The union demands a real increase in the minimum wage.

'Aumento real' means above inflation.

O salário-mínimo não cobre todas as despesas básicas.

The minimum wage doesn't cover all basic expenses.

'Despesas' means expenses.

O cálculo do salário-mínimo é muito complexo.

The calculation of the minimum wage is very complex.

'Cálculo' means calculation.

Em alguns estados, o salário-mínimo regional é maior.

In some states, the regional minimum wage is higher.

'Regional' is an adjective modifying 'salário-mínimo'.

O poder de compra do salário-mínimo diminuiu este ano.

The purchasing power of the minimum wage decreased this year.

'Poder de compra' is a vital B1 concept.

É necessário reformar a lei do salário-mínimo.

It is necessary to reform the minimum wage law.

'É necessário' followed by an infinitive.

O salário-mínimo serve como referência para as aposentadorias.

The minimum wage serves as a reference for pensions.

'Aposentadorias' means pensions/retirements.

A política de valorização do salário-mínimo visa reduzir a desigualdade.

The policy of increasing the minimum wage aims to reduce inequality.

'Visar' followed by an infinitive means 'to aim to'.

O impacto do salário-mínimo nas contas públicas é significativo.

The impact of the minimum wage on public accounts is significant.

'Contas públicas' refers to the national budget.

Empresários temem que o aumento do salário-mínimo gere desemprego.

Businessmen fear that the minimum wage increase will generate unemployment.

Subjunctive 'gere' after the verb of emotion 'temer'.

O salário-mínimo ideal deveria ser quatro vezes maior, segundo o DIEESE.

The ideal minimum wage should be four times higher, according to DIEESE.

Conditional 'deveria' for hypothetical situations.

A indexação de benefícios ao salário-mínimo é um tema polêmico.

The indexing of benefits to the minimum wage is a controversial topic.

'Indexação' is a technical economic term.

O governo estuda uma nova fórmula para o reajuste do salário-mínimo.

The government is studying a new formula for the minimum wage readjustment.

'Fórmula' is used here in a policy sense.

A disparidade entre o salário-mínimo e o custo de vida nas grandes cidades é enorme.

The disparity between the minimum wage and the cost of living in big cities is huge.

'Disparidade' means disparity/gap.

O salário-mínimo é a base da pirâmide salarial do país.

The minimum wage is the base of the country's wage pyramid.

Metaphorical use of 'pirâmide'.

A erosão inflacionária do salário-mínimo compromete a segurança alimentar.

The inflationary erosion of the minimum wage compromises food security.

'Erosão inflacionária' is a sophisticated phrase.

O efeito farol do salário-mínimo influencia as remunerações do setor informal.

The lighthouse effect of the minimum wage influences informal sector pay.

'Efeito farol' is a specific economic metaphor.

Debate-se a desvinculação das aposentadorias em relação ao salário-mínimo.

The decoupling of pensions from the minimum wage is being debated.

'Desvinculação' means decoupling or unlinking.

O salário-mínimo atua como um mecanismo de redistribuição de renda.

The minimum wage acts as a mechanism for income redistribution.

'Mecanismo' is used in a systemic sense.

A manutenção do poder aquisitivo do salário-mínimo é um preceito constitucional.

Maintaining the purchasing power of the minimum wage is a constitutional precept.

'Preceito constitucional' is a legal term.

A elasticidade do emprego em relação ao salário-mínimo é objeto de estudo.

The elasticity of employment relative to the minimum wage is a subject of study.

'Elasticidade' is a technical term in economics.

O valor do salário-mínimo é frequentemente usado como um indicador de bem-estar social.

The minimum wage value is frequently used as an indicator of social well-being.

'Indicador' means indicator.

As negociações coletivas muitas vezes usam o salário-mínimo como patamar inicial.

Collective bargaining often uses the minimum wage as a starting level.

'Patamar' means level, threshold, or plateau.

A exequibilidade de um aumento substancial do salário-mínimo é questionada por analistas ortodoxos.

The feasibility of a substantial minimum wage increase is questioned by orthodox analysts.

'Exequibilidade' means feasibility/viability.

O salário-mínimo, enquanto balizador da economia, exerce pressão sobre a curva de Phillips.

The minimum wage, as a benchmark for the economy, exerts pressure on the Phillips curve.

'Balizador' means benchmark or marker.

A celeuma em torno do salário-mínimo reflete as clivagens ideológicas do parlamento.

The uproar surrounding the minimum wage reflects the ideological cleavages of parliament.

'Celeuma' is a high-level word for uproar/commotion.

É imperativo que o salário-mínimo transcenda a mera subsistência biológica.

It is imperative that the minimum wage transcends mere biological subsistence.

'Transcenda' is the subjunctive of 'transcender'.

O estipêndio mínimo garantido por lei é a salvaguarda contra a precarização do trabalho.

The minimum stipend guaranteed by law is the safeguard against the precariousness of work.

'Estipêndio' is a very formal synonym for salary.

A volatilidade dos preços pode anular rapidamente os ganhos nominais do salário-mínimo.

Price volatility can quickly negate nominal gains in the minimum wage.

'Ganhos nominais' refers to the numerical value increase.

A arquitetura institucional do salário-mínimo varia drasticamente entre as nações lusófonas.

The institutional architecture of the minimum wage varies drastically among Lusophone nations.

'Arquitetura institucional' is a complex sociological term.

A dialética entre capital e trabalho manifesta-se vividamente na fixação do salário-mínimo.

The dialectic between capital and labor manifests vividly in the setting of the minimum wage.

'Dialética' is a philosophical/political term.

よく使う組み合わせ

ganhar o salário-mínimo

reajuste do salário-mínimo

valor do salário-mínimo

aumento do salário-mínimo

viver com o salário-mínimo

salário-mínimo nacional

salário-mínimo regional

poder de compra do salário-mínimo

salário-mínimo líquido

lei do salário-mínimo

よく使うフレーズ

Um salário-mínimo e meio

— One and a half times the minimum wage.

A vaga oferece um salário-mínimo e meio.

Abaixo do salário-mínimo

— Earning less than the legal minimum.

Trabalhar abaixo do salário-mínimo é ilegal.

Indexado ao salário-mínimo

— When a value (like a fine) is linked to the minimum wage.

A multa está indexada ao salário-mínimo.

Em termos de salário-mínimo

— Measuring something using the minimum wage as a unit.

O custo de vida subiu em termos de salário-mínimo.

Meio salário-mínimo

— Half of the minimum wage, often for part-time work.

O auxílio é de apenas meio salário-mínimo.

Acima do salário-mínimo

— Earning more than the minimum wage.

Ele finalmente conseguiu um emprego acima do salário-mínimo.

Salário-mínimo vigente

— The current legal minimum wage at the moment.

O cálculo usa o salário-mínimo vigente.

Reajuste real do salário-mínimo

— An increase that is higher than the inflation rate.

O presidente prometeu um reajuste real do salário-mínimo.

Piso do salário-mínimo

— The absolute lowest level of the minimum wage.

Não podemos baixar o piso do salário-mínimo.

Política do salário-mínimo

— The set of government rules regarding the minimum wage.

A política do salário-mínimo mudou recentemente.

よく混同される語

salário-mínimo vs piso salarial

Specific to a profession, while salário-mínimo is national/regional.

salário-mínimo vs salário líquido

The amount actually received after taxes, which is less than the gross salário-mínimo.

salário-mínimo vs salário-base

The starting pay in a contract, not necessarily the legal minimum.

慣用句と表現

"Viver de brisa"

— To live on very little or nothing, often said when the minimum wage is not enough.

Com esse salário-mínimo, o trabalhador vai viver de brisa.

informal

"Aperto no cinto"

— Tightening the belt; having to save money because the wage is low.

Com o salário-mínimo parado, é hora de aperto no cinto.

informal

"Fazer milagre"

— To do a miracle; to manage expenses with very little money.

Quem ganha salário-mínimo precisa fazer milagre todo mês.

informal

"Estar com a corda no pescoço"

— To be in a very difficult financial situation.

Muitos que ganham o salário-mínimo estão com a corda no pescoço.

informal

"Contar os centavos"

— To count every cent; to be very careful with spending.

Ganhando o salário-mínimo, ela tem que contar os centavos.

informal

"Trabalhar de graça"

— To work for free; often used hyperbole when pay is very low.

Pagar o salário-mínimo por esse serviço é quase trabalhar de graça.

informal

"Pão e água"

— Bread and water; living on the absolute bare minimum.

O salário-mínimo atual só dá para pão e água.

informal

"Segurar as pontas"

— To hold things together during financial hardship.

O salário-mínimo ajuda a segurar as pontas, mas não é ideal.

informal

"Dar um pulo"

— To jump; to increase suddenly.

O salário-mínimo deu um pulo este ano.

informal

"Ficar no vermelho"

— To be in the red/debt.

Quem ganha o salário-mínimo costuma ficar no vermelho.

informal

間違えやすい

salário-mínimo vs salário

Too general.

Salário is any pay; salário-mínimo is the legal floor.

Meu salário é alto, mas o salário-mínimo é baixo.

salário-mínimo vs mínimo

Adjective vs Noun.

Mínimo is 'minimum'; salário-mínimo is the 'minimum wage'.

Este é o preço mínimo, mas não é o salário-mínimo.

salário-mínimo vs soldo

Both are types of pay.

Soldo is specifically for military personnel.

O soldado recebe um soldo, não um salário.

salário-mínimo vs honorários

Both are types of pay.

Honorários are for liberal professionals like lawyers/doctors.

O advogado cobra honorários, não um salário-mínimo.

salário-mínimo vs proventos

Legal term for earnings.

Proventos usually refers to retirement income or total gains.

Seus proventos são baseados no salário-mínimo.

文型パターン

O [noun] é [adjective].

O salário-mínimo é baixo.

Eu ganho [number] [plural noun].

Eu ganho dois salários-mínimos.

Viver com [noun] é [adjective].

Viver com o salário-mínimo é difícil.

O aumento do [noun] gera [noun].

O aumento do salário-mínimo gera inflação.

A indexação do [noun] ao [noun] é [adjective].

A indexação do benefício ao salário-mínimo é polêmica.

A exequibilidade do [noun] depende de [noun].

A exequibilidade do aumento depende do orçamento.

All

Qual é o valor do [noun]?

Qual é o valor do salário-mínimo?

All

O governo aumentou o [noun].

O governo aumentou o salário-mínimo.

語族

名詞

salário

salarização

assalariado

minimalismo

mínimo

動詞

salariar

assalariar

minimizar

形容詞

salarial

mínimo

minimalista

assalariado

使い方

frequency

Very high in economic and social contexts.

よくある間違い

salários-mínimo → salários-mínimos
Both words must be pluralized in this compound noun.
a salário-mínimo → o salário-mínimo
Salário is a masculine noun, so it takes the masculine article 'o'.
viver por salário-mínimo → viver com um salário-mínimo
The correct preposition to indicate living on a certain amount is 'com'.
salário mínimo (without hyphen) → salário-mínimo
The hyphen is required when referring to the legal institution of the minimum wage.
ganhar um salário-mínimo (when referring to the rate) → ganhar o salário-mínimo
While 'um' is okay, 'o' is more natural when referring to the standard national rate.

ヒント

Plural Mastery

Remember that 'mínimo' is an adjective here. Just like 'carros novos', we say 'salários mínimos' (with the hyphen in the noun form: salários-mínimos).

Regional Variations

Always check if the state you are in has a 'salário-mínimo regional'. It might be higher than the national one you see in the news.

Informal Shortening

In casual chats, people just say 'o mínimo'. 'Ele ganha o mínimo'. Everyone knows you mean the minimum wage.

News Keywords

When you hear 'reajuste' or 'poder de compra' on the news, get ready to hear 'salário-mínimo' right after.

Hyphen Rule

If you are writing a formal essay, the hyphen is non-negotiable. Without it, you are just describing a 'small salary'.

Political Context

Understand that the minimum wage is a 'hot potato' in politics. It's never just about money; it's about votes and social justice.

Inflation Link

In your mind, link 'salário-mínimo' with 'inflação'. They are constantly chasing each other in the Lusophone economic cycle.

Worker Rights

The minimum wage is a 'right'. Use phrases like 'direito ao salário-mínimo' to sound more like a native speaker.

Social Security

Remember that many people who don't work (retirees) also depend on the 'salário-mínimo' value.

Practice with Numbers

Practice saying large numbers by looking up the current value of the minimum wage (e.g., 'Mil quatrocentos e doze reais').

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of 'Salary' and 'Minimum'. It's the 'Salary-Minimum'. Just remember the hyphen and that both words pluralize because they are best friends: Salários-Mínimos.

視覚的連想

Imagine a floor (the minimum) with a bag of money (the salary) sitting on it. You can't go below the floor.

Word Web

trabalho dinheiro lei governo economia inflação pobreza justiça

チャレンジ

Try to find the current value of the 'salário-mínimo' in three different Portuguese-speaking countries and write them down.

語源

From the Latin 'salarium' (salt money) and 'minimus' (smallest). In ancient Rome, soldiers were sometimes paid in salt, which was a valuable commodity.

元の意味： A small allowance given to soldiers to buy salt.

Romance (Latin origin).

文化的な背景

Be sensitive when discussing the minimum wage with workers, as for many, it is a struggle to survive on this amount.

In the US and UK, the minimum wage is often calculated per hour. In Brazil and Portugal, it is almost always discussed as a monthly amount.

Getúlio Vargas (Brazil) The April 25th Revolution (Portugal) DIEESE reports

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Job Interview

Qual é o salário inicial?
A vaga paga o salário-mínimo?
Há benefícios além do salário?
O salário é compatível com o mercado?

News/Politics

O congresso aprovou o aumento.
O reajuste foi de 10%.
A inflação superou o salário.
O salário-mínimo real subiu.

Grocery Store

Os preços estão muito altos.
O salário não dá pra nada.
A cesta básica subiu.
Tudo está mais caro este mês.

Bank/Finance

Quero abrir uma conta.
Meu salário cai dia cinco.
Preciso de um empréstimo.
Qual o valor líquido?

Social Protest

Queremos justiça salarial!
Aumento já!
O povo tem fome!
Salário digno para todos!

会話のきっかけ

"Você acha que o salário-mínimo atual é suficiente para viver?"

"Como o salário-mínimo é calculado no seu país?"

"O que você faria se o salário-mínimo dobrasse amanhã?"

"Você lembra qual era o valor do seu primeiro salário?"

"Quais são os principais gastos de quem ganha o salário-mínimo?"

日記のテーマ

Escreva sobre as dificuldades de viver com um salário-mínimo em uma cidade grande.

Compare o salário-mínimo do Brasil com o de outro país que você conhece.

Descreva como o aumento do salário-mínimo afeta a economia local.

Imagine que você é o presidente: qual seria sua política para o salário-mínimo?

Reflita sobre a relação entre o salário-mínimo e a dignidade humana.

よくある質問

10 問

O plural correto é salários-mínimos. Ambas as palavras vão para o plural porque se trata de um substantivo composto formado por substantivo + adjetivo.

Sim, quando se refere ao conceito legal da remuneração mínima, o hífen é obrigatório: salário-mínimo.

Foi criado pelo presidente Getúlio Vargas em 1940, através do Decreto-Lei nº 2.162.

Existe um valor nacional, mas alguns estados (como São Paulo e Rio de Janeiro) possuem salários-mínimos regionais mais altos.

O bruto é o valor total anunciado pelo governo. O líquido é o que o trabalhador recebe após os descontos de INSS e outros impostos.

É quando o aumento do salário-mínimo é maior do que a inflação do período, aumentando o poder de compra do trabalhador.

No Brasil, o valor mínimo das aposentadorias do INSS é igual ao salário-mínimo vigente.

Não necessariamente. A lei do estágio não obriga o pagamento do salário-mínimo, apenas de uma bolsa-auxílio acordada.

No Brasil e em Portugal, ele é geralmente definido e pago como um valor mensal para uma jornada de trabalho completa.

A empresa está cometendo uma infração trabalhista e pode ser processada e multada pelo Ministério do Trabalho.

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