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A2 noun 8分で読める

uma vez que

例文 メモとヒント uma vez que 30秒で
解説 uma vez que in your Level:
At the A1 level, you are just starting to connect your thoughts. You probably know the word 'porque' (because). 'Uma vez que' is like a fancy version of 'porque'. Think of it as 'since'. You use it to give a reason for something. For example, if you want to say 'Since I am tired, I will sleep,' you can say 'Uma vez que estou cansado, vou dormir.' It helps you sound a bit more organized than just using 'porque' all the time. At this stage, focus on using it to explain simple daily actions like why you are eating, why you are going home, or why you are happy. It's a great 'power phrase' to make your basic Portuguese sound much better than a beginner's level. Just remember the three parts: 'uma' + 'vez' + 'que'. Don't leave any part out, or it won't work as a connector!
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At the A2 level, you're expected to use more than just the simplest words. 'Uma vez que' is a perfect addition to your vocabulary. It is a 'causal conjunction'. This means it joins two parts of a sentence where one part is the reason for the other. For example: 'I didn't buy the bread (result) because the shop was closed (reason).' In Portuguese: 'Não comprei o pão, uma vez que a loja estava fechada.' Notice the comma before it! You can also use it to start a sentence, which is very common in Portuguese. 'Uma vez que o tempo está bom, vamos à praia.' This structure is very useful for describing your routines and explaining your decisions to others. It shows you can handle more complex logic in your speaking.
By B1, you should be comfortable using 'uma vez que' in both speaking and writing. At this level, you start to see the difference in 'register' or formality. While you might use 'já que' with your friends, you should use 'uma vez que' in a work email or a school essay. It provides a logical justification. It is often used with the 'Indicative' mood because you are usually talking about real facts (e.g., 'Since it is raining...', 'Since I have no money...'). You should also start comparing it with other connectors like 'visto que' or 'dado que'. Using 'uma vez que' helps you avoid repeating 'porque' and makes your speech flow more naturally. It's particularly useful for the 'Intermediate' task of explaining and justifying your opinions or plans in detail.
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At the B2 level, 'uma vez que' is a standard tool for argumentation. You are expected to use it to link complex ideas. For instance, in a debate about the environment, you might say: 'Uma vez que a poluição está aumentando, os governos devem agir.' Here, it introduces a widely accepted premise to justify a necessary action. You should also be aware of its nuances compared to 'porquanto' (very formal) or 'pois' (explanatory). At B2, you should use 'uma vez que' to create variety in your writing. It's also important to master the punctuation—using commas to set off causal clauses is a sign of a high-level writer. You might also encounter it in more abstract contexts, such as discussing social trends or historical events, where the cause-and-effect relationship is more nuanced.
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At the C1 level, you use 'uma vez que' with precision and stylistic intent. You understand that this locution carries a weight of 'logical necessity'. It's not just a reason; it's a premise. In professional or academic writing, 'uma vez que' is used to build a sequence of arguments. You might use it to introduce a 'given' that the reader is expected to accept before you move on to a more controversial point. You are also expected to recognize when 'uma vez que' is better than 'visto que' or 'posto que'. Your mastery should extend to the rhythm of the sentence; you know how to place 'uma vez que' to create the most impact, whether it's at the start of a paragraph to set the tone or in the middle of a complex sentence to provide a sudden, sharp justification.
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For C2 learners, 'uma vez que' is a basic but essential element of the 'high style'. At this level, you are not just using the word; you are manipulating the structure of the language for rhetorical effect. You might use 'uma vez que' in conjunction with other sophisticated connectors to create a dense, logical web of ideas. You understand its historical place in the language and how it differs from archaic forms. In a C2 context, you might see 'uma vez que' used in legal documents, high-level diplomatic correspondence, or philosophical treatises where every word must be precise. Your use of it is flawless, and you can switch between this and its many synonyms to maintain the exact level of formality and tone required for any given audience, from a supreme court justice to a literary critic.
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例文 メモとヒント

uma vez que 30秒で

  • A causal conjunction meaning 'since' or 'given that'.
  • Used to provide a logical reason for an action or state.
  • More formal than 'porque' but very common in all media.
  • Can start a sentence or appear in the middle with a comma.

The Portuguese phrase uma vez que is a versatile conjunctional locution (locução conjuntiva) primarily used to establish a causal or explanatory link between two ideas. In English, it is most frequently translated as 'since', 'because', or 'given that'. It functions by introducing a premise or a reason that justifies the main action or state of the sentence. While it is common in both spoken and written Portuguese, it carries a slightly more formal or structured tone than the simple 'porque' (because). It is essential for learners to master this phrase because it allows for more sophisticated sentence structures, moving beyond basic 'A because B' constructions to more nuanced 'Given A, therefore B' logic.

Causal Link
It establishes why something happened based on a known fact.
Explanatory Function
It provides context that makes the rest of the sentence logical to the listener.
Register
Neutral to formal; frequently found in news, academic texts, and professional emails.

Vamos cancelar o piquenique, uma vez que está chovendo muito.

In the example above, the rain is the established fact that necessitates the cancellation. The phrase acts as a bridge. Unlike 'porque', which often follows the consequence, 'uma vez que' can easily be placed at the very beginning of a sentence to set the stage: 'Uma vez que está chovendo, vamos ficar em casa.' This flexibility is a hallmark of European and Brazilian Portuguese alike. In professional environments, using this phrase demonstrates a higher level of fluency and a better grasp of logical connectors.

Uma vez que você já terminou o trabalho, pode ir para casa mais cedo.

Culturally, Portuguese speakers value clear justifications in conversation. Whether you are explaining a delay, a change in plans, or a logical conclusion, starting with 'uma vez que' signals to your interlocutor that you are about to provide a valid reason. It is less blunt than 'porque' and suggests a shared understanding of the situation. It is particularly useful in persuasive writing or when presenting an argument, as it frames the following information as a logical consequence of the stated premise.

Using uma vez que requires an understanding of sentence hierarchy. It typically introduces a subordinate clause that provides the reason for the main clause. One of its most powerful features is its mobility within a sentence. You can place it at the beginning to emphasize the cause, or in the middle to emphasize the result.

Initial Position
Used to set the context before stating the result. Example: 'Uma vez que não temos pão, vamos à padaria.'
Medial Position
Used to explain an action already mentioned. Example: 'Não comprei o carro, uma vez que o preço era muito alto.'

Ele foi promovido, uma vez que bateu todas as metas do ano.

Grammatically, 'uma vez que' is followed by the indicative mood in most cases because it deals with facts or established reasons. However, if the cause is hypothetical or part of a conditional future, the context might shift, though this is rare for this specific locution. It is remarkably consistent across dialects. In Brazil, you might hear 'já que' more frequently in casual conversation, but 'uma vez que' remains the standard for professional documentation and formal speech.

Uma vez que somos amigos, eu vou te ajudar com esse problema.

When comparing it to other causal connectors like 'visto que' or 'dado que', 'uma vez que' is perhaps the most balanced. It is not as stiff as 'porquanto' (rarely used outside of literature/law) and not as informal as 'pois'. It strikes a chord of logical inevitability. When you use it, you are saying 'Because this specific condition exists, the following must be true.'

In everyday life, you will encounter uma vez que in environments where clarity and justification are paramount. It is a staple of the 'Jornal Nacional' in Brazil or the 'Telejornal' in Portugal. News anchors use it to link events: 'The markets fell, once the inflation data was released.' It provides a narrative thread that helps the audience understand the 'why' behind the 'what'.

A sessão foi adiada, uma vez que não havia quórum suficiente no plenário.

In the corporate world, it is the king of emails. When a manager explains a decision, they will likely use 'uma vez que' to sound professional and objective. It avoids the potentially whiny or defensive tone that 'porque' can sometimes carry in a professional setting. It sounds like a statement of fact rather than an excuse. You will also hear it in academic lectures, where professors use it to build complex theories. 'Uma vez que observamos este fenômeno, podemos concluir que...'

Television News
Linking socio-political events to their causes.
Business Meetings
Justifying budget cuts, strategy shifts, or project delays.
Legal Contexts
Used in contracts and court rulings to state the basis of a decision.

O trânsito está lento, uma vez que houve um acidente na ponte.

Even in literature, authors use it to provide psychological depth to characters' motivations. Instead of just saying a character was sad, an author might write, 'Ele estava desolado, uma vez que sua última esperança havia partido.' This adds a layer of intellectual reflection to the emotion. For a learner, hearing this word is a sign that the speaker is moving from basic communication to structured discourse.

One of the most common mistakes learners make with uma vez que is confusing it with the literal meaning of 'one time that' (uma vez em que). While 'uma vez' can mean 'one time', the addition of 'que' as a causal connector changes the grammatical function entirely. Learners often try to use it to mean 'once' in a chronological sense (e.g., 'Once I arrived...'), but in Portuguese, that would be 'Assim que' or 'Logo que'.

The 'Que' Omission
Forgetting the 'que' at the end makes the phrase mean 'one time', which is a noun phrase, not a conjunction.
Mood Errors
Using the subjunctive mood after 'uma vez que' when stating a fact. It almost always takes the indicative.

Incorrect: Uma vez que ele venha, nós comemos. (Subjunctive)

Correct: Uma vez que ele já chegou, nós podemos comer.

Another mistake is overusing it in very casual settings. If you are at a bar with friends, saying 'uma vez que' might sound a bit too 'stiff' or like you are giving a speech. In those cases, 'já que' or 'porque' is much more natural. It’s like the difference between saying 'Since the establishment is closing...' and 'Because they're closing...'.

Incorrect: Uma vez que eu fui ao Brasil, vi o Cristo. (Meaning 'One time...')

Correct: Uma vez que eu estava no Brasil, decidi visitar o Cristo.

Finally, ensure you don't confuse it with 'de vez em quando' (from time to time). The word 'vez' appears in many Portuguese idioms, and it's easy for a beginner to scramble them. Focus on the 'que' as the anchor that makes it a reason-giver.

To truly master Portuguese, you need to know the 'family' of causal connectors. Uma vez que has several siblings, each with a slightly different flavor. Knowing when to swap one for the other will make your Portuguese sound much more natural and precise.

Já que
The most common alternative. It's slightly more informal and very common in daily speech. 'Já que você está aqui, me ajude.'
Visto que
Very similar to 'uma vez que', often used in writing. It emphasizes that the reason is 'visible' or obvious. 'Visto que não há provas, ele foi solto.'
Dado que
Literally 'given that'. Used when presenting a specific premise in an argument.

Não podemos viajar, visto que os passaportes expiraram.

In more formal or literary contexts, you might encounter 'porquanto'. This is the 'grandfather' of the group—very old-fashioned and almost never heard in spoken language today. On the other hand, 'porque' is the 'workhorse'—it works everywhere but lacks the specific nuance of 'since'. If you want to say 'Because it's late...', 'Porque é tarde' is fine, but 'Uma vez que é tarde' sounds like you have considered the time and reached a logical conclusion to end the evening.

Já que você insiste, eu aceito o café.

Understanding these synonyms allows you to avoid repetition. If you are writing an essay and have already used 'porque' three times, switching to 'uma vez que' or 'visto que' will immediately improve the quality of your text. It shows lexical richness (riqueza lexical), which is highly valued in Portuguese culture and education.

豆知識

The word 'vez' comes from the Latin 'vicis', which also gives us the English word 'vicar' (someone who acts in the place/turn of another) and 'vice-versa'.

発音ガイド

UK /ˈumɐ ˈveʃ kɨ/
US /ˈumɐ ˈves ki/
The primary stress is on the first syllable of 'uma' (U-ma) and on 'vez'.
韻が合う語
talvez através inglês francês mês três cortês xadrez
よくある間違い
  • Pronouncing 'que' like the English 'kay'. It should be more like 'kuh' (PT) or 'ki' (BR).
  • Nasalizing the 'u' in 'uma' too much.
  • Making the 'z' in 'vez' too vibrate; in many dialects, it's more of a breathy 's' or 'sh'.
  • Pausing too long between the words. It should flow as one unit.
  • Stress on 'uma' being misplaced to the second syllable.
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レベル別の例文

1

Eu bebo água, uma vez que tenho sede.

I drink water, since I am thirsty.

Simple causal link using the present indicative.

2

Uma vez que é tarde, vou dormir.

Since it is late, I am going to sleep.

Starting a sentence with the conjunction for emphasis.

3

Ela está feliz, uma vez que hoje é seu aniversário.

She is happy, since today is her birthday.

Explaining an emotional state.

4

Uma vez que o sol está forte, use o chapéu.

Since the sun is strong, use the hat.

Giving an instruction based on a reason.

5

Não vou à festa, uma vez que estou doente.

I'm not going to the party, since I'm sick.

Justifying an absence.

6

Uma vez que você gosta de ler, aqui está um livro.

Since you like to read, here is a book.

Providing a reason for a gesture.

7

Comemos pizza, uma vez que não temos comida em casa.

We are eating pizza, since we don't have food at home.

Explaining a choice.

8

Uma vez que o carro está quebrado, vamos de ônibus.

Since the car is broken, we are going by bus.

Alternative plan based on a cause.

1

Uma vez que terminamos o dever, podemos brincar.

Since we finished the homework, we can play.

Using the past tense in the causal clause.

2

Ele comprou um casaco, uma vez que vai viajar para o Alasca.

He bought a coat, since he is going to travel to Alaska.

Future intent justified by current action.

3

Uma vez que não há leite, farei o bolo sem ele.

Since there is no milk, I will make the cake without it.

Negative premise leading to a result.

4

Eles estão cansados, uma vez que caminharam muito hoje.

They are tired, since they walked a lot today.

Compound past tense (pretérito perfeito).

5

Uma vez que você conhece o caminho, você pode dirigir.

Since you know the way, you can drive.

Linking knowledge to permission.

6

A loja está fechada, uma vez que é feriado.

The shop is closed, since it is a holiday.

State of being explained by a calendar event.

7

Uma vez que o filme é longo, leve pipoca.

Since the movie is long, take popcorn.

Adjective 'longo' providing the reason.

8

Não podemos nadar, uma vez que a água está muito fria.

We can't swim, since the water is very cold.

Physical condition preventing an action.

1

Uma vez que a empresa cresceu, precisamos de mais funcionários.

Since the company grew, we need more employees.

Business context for causal link.

2

Decidimos adiar a reunião, uma vez que o diretor está atrasado.

We decided to postpone the meeting, since the director is late.

Formal justification in a professional setting.

3

Uma vez que você já pagou a conta, eu pago o jantar amanhã.

Since you already paid the bill, I'll pay for dinner tomorrow.

Reciprocity based on a completed action.

4

Ela não aceitou o emprego, uma vez que o salário era baixo.

She didn't accept the job, since the salary was low.

Reasoning for a major life decision.

5

Uma vez que o trânsito está parado, chegaremos tarde ao teatro.

Since the traffic is at a standstill, we will arrive late to the theater.

Predicting a future outcome based on current state.

6

O projeto foi aprovado, uma vez que cumpria todos os requisitos.

The project was approved, since it met all the requirements.

Passive voice combined with a causal clause.

7

Uma vez que não temos provas, não podemos acusá-lo.

Since we have no proof, we cannot accuse him.

Logical constraint in a formal context.

8

A viagem foi ótima, uma vez que o guia era muito experiente.

The trip was great, since the guide was very experienced.

Attributing success to a specific cause.

1

Uma vez que a economia está instável, os investimentos diminuíram.

Since the economy is unstable, investments have decreased.

Macro-level cause and effect.

2

O governo alterou a lei, uma vez que a pressão popular foi imensa.

The government changed the law, since popular pressure was immense.

Political justification.

3

Uma vez que os recursos são limitados, devemos priorizar a educação.

Since resources are limited, we must prioritize education.

Abstract reasoning in a policy discussion.

4

O autor utiliza metáforas, uma vez que deseja evocar sentimentos profundos.

The author uses metaphors, since he wishes to evoke deep feelings.

Literary analysis context.

5

Uma vez que a tecnologia avança rapidamente, a atualização é constante.

Since technology advances rapidly, updating is constant.

Describing a continuous process.

6

O paciente melhorou, uma vez que o tratamento foi iniciado precocemente.

The patient improved, since the treatment was started early.

Medical/Scientific causality.

7

Uma vez que a conferência é internacional, falaremos em inglês.

Since the conference is international, we will speak in English.

Setting the rules for a formal event.

8

A ponte foi fechada, uma vez que apresentava riscos estruturais.

The bridge was closed, since it presented structural risks.

Safety justification.

1

Uma vez que a premissa inicial é falsa, toda a conclusão torna-se inválida.

Since the initial premise is false, the entire conclusion becomes invalid.

Logical/Philosophical argumentation.

2

O acordo foi desfeito, uma vez que uma das partes violou as cláusulas.

The agreement was undone, since one of the parties violated the clauses.

Legal/Contractual terminology.

3

Uma vez que o paradigma mudou, as velhas estratégias já não funcionam.

Since the paradigm has shifted, the old strategies no longer work.

High-level conceptual discussion.

4

A teoria é amplamente aceita, uma vez que foi corroborada por múltiplos estudos.

The theory is widely accepted, since it was corroborated by multiple studies.

Academic/Scientific validation.

5

Uma vez que a inflação persiste, o banco central deve elevar as taxas.

Since inflation persists, the central bank must raise rates.

Economic policy analysis.

6

O réu foi absolvido, uma vez que não havia provas cabais de sua culpa.

The defendant was acquitted, since there was no conclusive proof of his guilt.

Legal verdict and justification.

7

Uma vez que a biodiversidade está em risco, medidas urgentes são imperativas.

Since biodiversity is at risk, urgent measures are imperative.

Environmental advocacy tone.

8

A obra é considerada genial, uma vez que rompeu com os padrões da época.

The work is considered genius, since it broke with the standards of the time.

Art criticism and historical context.

1

Uma vez que a ontologia do ser precede sua existência, o debate torna-se metafísico.

Since the ontology of being precedes its existence, the debate becomes metaphysical.

Highly abstract philosophical register.

2

A diplomacia falhou, uma vez que os interesses geopolíticos eram irreconciliáveis.

Diplomacy failed, since the geopolitical interests were irreconcilable.

Geopolitical analysis.

3

Uma vez que a narrativa se fragmenta, o leitor é compelido a reconstruir o sentido.

Since the narrative fragments, the reader is compelled to reconstruct the meaning.

Literary theory and reader-response criticism.

4

O fenômeno é intrínseco à natureza humana, uma vez que transcende barreiras culturais.

The phenomenon is intrinsic to human nature, since it transcends cultural barriers.

Anthropological/Sociological assertion.

5

Uma vez que a soberania nacional foi posta em causa, o conflito tornou-se inevitável.

Since national sovereignty was called into question, conflict became inevitable.

Formal historical/political narrative.

6

A sentença foi anulada, uma vez que se detetou um vício processual insanável.

The sentence was annulled, since an incurable procedural defect was detected.

Highly technical legal jargon.

7

Uma vez que a entropia do sistema aumenta, a desordem é o resultado natural.

Since the entropy of the system increases, disorder is the natural result.

Scientific/Thermodynamic explanation.

8

A retórica do político foi eficaz, uma vez que apelou aos instintos mais básicos do eleitorado.

The politician's rhetoric was effective, since it appealed to the electorate's most basic instincts.

Political science and psychological analysis.

よく使う組み合わせ

uma vez que se trata de
uma vez que já
uma vez que não
uma vez que você
uma vez que o/a
uma vez que todos
uma vez que ainda
uma vez que sempre
uma vez que apenas
uma vez que talvez

よく使うフレーズ

Uma vez que assim o deseja...

— Since you wish it to be so. Used when yielding to someone's preference.

Uma vez que assim o deseja, mudaremos o plano.

Uma vez que é para o bem de todos.

— Since it is for the good of everyone. Used to justify a collective sacrifice.

Aceitamos a regra, uma vez que é para o bem de todos.

Uma vez que não resta outra opção.

— Since no other option remains. Used when forced into a decision.

Vamos recuar, uma vez que não resta outra opção.

Uma vez que se provou o contrário.

— Since the opposite has been proven. Used in logical or legal debates.

A teoria caiu, uma vez que se provou o contrário.

Uma vez que estamos no assunto.

— Since we are on the subject. Used to introduce a related point in conversation.

Uma vez que estamos no assunto, você viu o novo projeto?

Uma vez que a lei permite.

— Since the law allows it. Used to justify a legal action.

Ele abriu o negócio, uma vez que a lei permite.

Uma vez que o tempo urge.

— Since time is of the essence. Used to prompt immediate action.

Vamos decidir agora, uma vez que o tempo urge.

Uma vez que você mencionou.

— Since you mentioned it. Used to follow up on a previous comment.

Uma vez que você mencionou o João, ele se casou?

Uma vez que somos uma equipe.

— Since we are a team. Used to encourage collaboration.

Devemos ajudar uns aos outros, uma vez que somos uma equipe.

Uma vez que a verdade veio à tona.

— Since the truth came to light. Used after a revelation.

Não há mais segredos, uma vez que a verdade veio à tona.

慣用句と表現

"uma vez que outra"

— Occasionally or once in a while. Note: This is different from the causal conjunction.

Eu como doces uma vez que outra.

Informal
"de uma vez por todas"

— Once and for all. Used when ending something permanently.

Resolva isso de uma vez por todas!

Neutral
"era uma vez"

— Once upon a time. The standard opening for fairy tales.

Era uma vez um rei muito sábio.

Child-friendly
"uma vez na vida, outra na morte"

— Once in a blue moon. Something that happens very rarely.

Ele limpa a casa uma vez na vida, outra na morte.

Informal
"mais uma vez"

— Once more or again.

Tente mais uma vez.

Universal
"cada vez mais"

— More and more. Used to show a growing trend.

Estou cada vez mais cansado.

Universal
"de uma vez só"

— All at once. Doing everything in a single action.

Ele bebeu a água de uma vez só.

Neutral
"por uma vez"

— For once. Used when something unusual happens.

Por uma vez, ele chegou cedo.

Neutral
"dar uma vez"

— To give a turn (in a game or sequence).

É a minha vez de dar uma vez.

Informal
"às vezes"

— Sometimes.

Às vezes eu prefiro ficar sozinho.

Universal

語族

名詞

vez (time/instance)
vezes (times/plural)

関連

primeira vez (first time)
última vez (last time)
outra vez (again)
talvez (maybe)
miúde (frequent - related by usage in 'amiúde')
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暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of 'UMA VEZ QUE' as 'ONE VIEW BECAUSE'. The 'Vez' is like a 'view' or 'instance' that gives you the reason 'Que'.

視覚的連想

Imagine a bridge connecting a 'Problem' (the reason) to a 'Solution' (the result). The bridge is labeled 'UMA VEZ QUE'.

Word Web

porque já que visto que dado que causa razão lógica explicação

チャレンジ

Try to write three sentences today using 'uma vez que' instead of 'porque'. One about your lunch, one about your work, and one about your feelings.

語源

Derived from the Latin 'una vice' (one time) combined with the relative pronoun 'quod/quem' which became 'que' in Romance languages.

元の意味： Literally 'one time that', evolving from a chronological marker to a logical/causal connector.

Romance (Indo-European).

文化的な背景

No specific sensitivities, but avoid using it to sound overly superior in very casual, working-class settings.

English speakers often over-rely on 'because'. Learning 'uma vez que' is like moving from 'because' to 'since' or 'inasmuch as'.

Commonly found in the Preamble of the Portuguese Constitution. Used in the lyrics of Fado to explain the inevitability of fate (Saudade). Frequent in the speeches of historical figures like Getúlio Vargas or Mário Soares.
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