gerekçelendirmek 30秒で
- A formal verb meaning 'to justify' or 'to provide grounds'.
- Derived from 'gerek' (necessity) and 'gerekçe' (justification).
- Used in academic, legal, and professional Turkish contexts.
- Requires an object in the accusative case and often uses instrumental evidence.
The Turkish verb gerekçelendirmek is a sophisticated, multi-layered word that translates primarily as 'to justify' or 'to provide grounds for' in English. It is not merely about giving an excuse or a simple explanation; rather, it implies a formal process of laying out the logical, legal, or empirical foundations for a decision, an action, or a belief. In the Turkish linguistic landscape, this word sits firmly in the realm of formal discourse, academic writing, legal proceedings, and professional environments. When you use gerekçelendirmek, you are signaling that you are about to present a structured argument based on 'gerekçe' (grounds or justification). The word itself is a beautiful example of Turkish agglutination, where the root 'gerek' (necessity) transforms through several stages to become a complex transitive verb. Understanding this word requires moving beyond simple translation and grasping the cultural weight of accountability in Turkish formal structures.
- Root Analysis
- The journey begins with 'gerek' (necessity). Adding the suffix '-çe' creates 'gerekçe', which refers to the specific reason or justification that makes something necessary or valid. The suffix '-len' suggests a state of being endowed with that quality, and '-dir' is the causative marker that turns it into an active verb meaning 'to cause something to have a justification'.
Yönetim kurulu, bütçe kısıntısını ekonomik verilerle gerekçelendirmek zorundadır.
In everyday life, you might not hear this word while buying bread at the 'fırın', but you will certainly encounter it if you are reading a news article about a court's 'gerekçeli karar' (justified ruling) or if you are in a corporate meeting where a project proposal is being scrutinized. It carries an air of authority and intellectual rigor. If someone asks you to 'gerekçelendirmek' your views, they are not just asking 'Why?'; they are asking for the evidence, the logic, and the systematic reasoning behind your stance. This distinction is crucial for English speakers who might confuse it with 'açıklamak' (to explain). While 'açıklamak' tells you what happened or how it works, 'gerekçelendirmek' defends why it was the right or necessary thing to happen.
Furthermore, the word reflects the Turkish legal and bureaucratic tradition where the 'gerekçe' is a mandatory component of official documents. A law passed in parliament or a verdict handed down by a judge is technically incomplete without its justification. This cultural emphasis on 'showing your work' is encapsulated in this single, powerful verb. For a learner, mastering this word is a gateway to high-level C1/C2 proficiency, allowing you to participate in debates and professional settings with the appropriate register of Turkish. It shows that you understand not just the language, but the structural logic of Turkish social and legal organization.
Using gerekçelendirmek correctly requires attention to the grammatical structure of the sentence. As a transitive verb, it always takes an object in the accusative case (-(y)i, -(y)ı, -(y)u, -(y)ü). You are always justifying *something*. Often, this 'something' is a decision (karar), a claim (iddia), a behavior (davranış), or a change (değişiklik). The means by which you justify it—the evidence or the logic—is usually marked with the instrumental case suffix '-la/-le' or the word 'ile' (with/by means of).
- Common Structure
- [Object + Accusative] + [Evidence + Instrumental] + gerekçelendirmek.
Example: Kararını (The decision) mantıklı sebeplerle (with logical reasons) gerekçelendirdi (he/she justified).
Tezini savunurken her bir argümanını bilimsel verilerle gerekçelendirmelisin.
One interesting aspect of this verb is its use in the passive voice: gerekçelendirilmek (to be justified). In official reports, you will often see sentences like 'Yapılan zamlar enflasyon oranlarıyla gerekçelendirildi' (The price hikes were justified by inflation rates). This allows for a more objective, impersonal tone, which is standard in Turkish formal writing. Another common form is the verbal noun 'gerekçelendirme' (justification/the act of justifying), used as a heading in reports or as a subject in philosophical discussions.
In more complex sentences, you might use a subordinate clause as the object. For instance: 'Neden istifa ettiğini henüz gerekçelendirmedi' (He has not yet justified why he resigned). Here, the whole 'why he resigned' clause acts as the object of the justification. This level of usage is typical for B2 and C1 learners who are moving into nuanced expression. It’s also worth noting that 'gerekçelendirmek' is often paired with adverbs like 'ayrıntılı bir şekilde' (in a detailed manner) or 'yeterince' (sufficiently) to describe the quality of the justification provided.
If you are watching a Turkish news broadcast, specifically the segments covering parliament (TBMM) or the high courts, gerekçelendirmek will appear frequently. Journalists use it to describe how politicians are explaining new policies or how the Constitutional Court has explained a specific ruling. In the legal world, the 'gerekçeli karar' is the document everyone waits for; it’s the detailed explanation of a judge's verdict. Without the 'gerekçe', a decision can be overturned on appeal, highlighting the word's importance in the Turkish rule of law.
- Common Contexts
- 1. Academic Papers: 'Bu makale, önerilen teoriyi ampirik bulgularla gerekçelendirmektedir.'
2. Corporate Reports: 'Yatırım kararları piyasa analizleriyle gerekçelendirilmiştir.'
3. Political Debates: 'Muhalefet, hükümetin bu adımı nasıl gerekçelendireceğini merak ediyor.'
Mahkeme, tutuklama kararını somut delillere dayanarak gerekçelendirdi.
In the academic sphere, students are constantly told to 'gerekçelendirmek' their hypotheses. A paper that merely states facts without justifying the connections between them is considered weak. Therefore, in university seminars or thesis defenses, professors will often ask: 'Bunu nasıl gerekçelendiriyorsunuz?' (How do you justify this?). This usage emphasizes the word's link to logic and the scientific method. It is a word of accountability and proof.
Finally, you will see this word in the settings of your digital devices or software. When a system asks for a reason for a specific action (like deleting an account or reporting a bug), the prompt might use the noun form 'gerekçe'. Understanding the verb helps you recognize this root across various professional and technical interfaces in Turkish. It is a cornerstone of 'Resmi Türkçe' (Official Turkish).
The most frequent mistake English speakers make is using gerekçelendirmek when they actually mean 'açıklamak' (to explain) or 'bahane uydurmak' (to make an excuse). Remember, 'gerekçelendirmek' is about providing valid, logical grounds. If you are just telling someone why you were late to a movie, you are 'açıklama yapıyorsun' (making an explanation). If you use 'gerekçelendirmek' in that context, you sound like you are presenting a legal defense for your tardiness, which can come across as stiff or humorously over-the-top.
- Gerekçelendirmek vs. Haklı Çıkarmak
- 'Gerekçelendirmek' is the act of providing the reasons, while 'haklı çıkarmak' is the act of proving that someone was right or vindicating them. You 'gerekçelendir' a decision to 'haklı çıkarmak' your position.
Yanlış: Geç kaldığımı gerekçelendirdim. (Too formal/weird)
Doğru: Geç kaldığım için açıklama yaptım.
Another mistake involves the grammar of the instrumental case. Learners often forget to include the 'with what' part of the justification. Since the verb implies a process of using evidence, a sentence like 'O kararını gerekçelendirdi' is grammatically correct but often feels incomplete in Turkish discourse without saying *how* it was justified. Always try to pair it with '... ile' or '... dayanarak' (based on...).
Lastly, avoid using it for 'justifying' text in a word processor (aligning margins). For that specific technical action, Turkish uses 'iki yana yaslamak' (to lean to both sides). Using 'gerekçelendirmek' in a Microsoft Word context will cause confusion, as it only refers to the intellectual or legal act of justification.
Turkish has several words that touch upon the concept of justification, each with a specific nuance. Temellendirmek is the closest synonym, often used in philosophy and deep academic writing. It literally means 'to provide a foundation' (temel). While 'gerekçelendirmek' focuses on the reasons, 'temellendirmek' focuses on the structural basis of an idea.
- Comparison Table
- Açıklamak: To explain (general usage).
- İspatlamak / Kanıtlamak: To prove with evidence (stronger, factual focus).
- Meşrulaştırmak: To legitimize (focus on making something acceptable to law or society).
- Dayandırmak: To base something upon (e.g., 'İddiasını belgelere dayandırdı').
Yazar, romanındaki karakterlerin davranışlarını psikolojik analizlerle temellendiriyor.
If you want to say someone is 'making excuses', use bahane bulmak or mazeret göstermek. These carry a slightly negative or defensive connotation that 'gerekçelendirmek' lacks. 'Gerekçelendirmek' is neutral-to-positive, implying a professional and logical approach. If you are in a debate and want to sound very sharp, you might use argümantasyon sunmak (to present argumentation), but 'gerekçelendirmek' remains the most versatile high-level verb for this purpose.
In some contexts, izah etmek (to explain/account for) is a good middle-ground alternative. It is more formal than 'açıklamak' but less heavy than 'gerekçelendirmek'. It’s often used in business contexts: 'Lütfen bu harcamayı izah edin' (Please account for this expense). However, if the expense needs a formal written justification, the verb will inevitably shift back to 'gerekçelendirmek'.
How Formal Is It?
豆知識
The suffix '-çe' in 'gerekçe' is the same one used in language names like 'Türkçe'. Here, it creates a noun meaning 'in the manner of necessity' or 'that which relates to necessity'.
発音ガイド
- Pronouncing 'c' as 's' or 'k'. It must be a 'j' sound.
- Missing the 'ç' sound in the middle.
- Failing to use the soft 'g' (it sounds almost like 'y' in some dialects, but here it is a clear palatal stop).
- Stress on the first syllable.
- Mumbling the '-len-' part.
難易度
The word is long and has many suffixes, making it look intimidating in text.
Requires correct use of the accusative and instrumental cases, plus complex suffixation.
Pronunciation is a mouthful, but the rhythm is predictable.
The root 'gerek' is easy to catch, which helps in understanding.
次に学ぶべきこと
前提知識
次に学ぶ
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レベル別の例文
Bu kitap gerek.
This book is necessary.
Using the root 'gerek'.
Neden gelmedin?
Why didn't you come?
Simple 'why' question.
Çünkü hastayım.
Because I am sick.
Using 'çünkü' for reasons.
Bana bir sebep ver.
Give me a reason.
Using 'sebep' (reason).
Gitmem gerek.
I need to go.
Gerek + personal ending (implied).
Bu doğru değil.
This is not right.
Simple negation.
Onu sevmiyorum.
I don't like it.
Expressing a simple opinion.
Neden böyle?
Why is it like this?
Asking for a reason.
Onun bir gerekçesi var.
He has a justification.
Using the noun 'gerekçe'.
Nedenini bana anlat.
Tell me the reason.
Accusative 'nedenini'.
Kararımı açıkladım.
I explained my decision.
Past tense of 'açıklamak'.
Bu çok mantıklı.
This is very logical.
Adjective 'mantıklı'.
Hangi sebeple geldin?
For what reason did you come?
Using 'sebep' in a question.
Bunu kanıtlayabilirim.
I can prove this.
Verb 'kanıtlamak' with ability suffix.
Mazeret istemiyorum.
I don't want an excuse.
Noun 'mazeret' (excuse).
Planı değiştirdik.
We changed the plan.
Simple past plural.
İddianı gerekçelendirmen lazım.
You need to justify your claim.
Gerekçelendirmek + necessity suffix.
Yazar bu fikri nasıl gerekçelendiriyor?
How does the author justify this idea?
Present continuous question.
Lütfen kararınızı gerekçelendirin.
Please justify your decision.
Imperative (formal).
Gerekçelendirme süreci uzun sürdü.
The justification process took a long time.
Verbal noun 'gerekçelendirme'.
Bu adımı ekonomik nedenlerle gerekçelendirdi.
He justified this step with economic reasons.
Instrumental case 'nedenlerle'.
Görüşlerini gerekçelendirmekte zorlanıyor.
He is having difficulty justifying his views.
Locative of the verbal noun.
Her seçimi gerekçelendirmek mümkün değil.
It is not possible to justify every choice.
Infinitive as subject.
Hükümet yeni yasayı gerekçelendirdi.
The government justified the new law.
Simple past tense.
Projenin bütçesini ayrıntılı olarak gerekçelendirmelisiniz.
You must justify the project's budget in detail.
Necessity suffix -meli.
Davranışlarını gerekçelendirmeye çalışması boşuna.
It is in vain for him to try to justify his behaviors.
Dative verbal noun 'gerekçelendirmeye'.
Bu hipotez henüz yeterince gerekçelendirilmedi.
This hypothesis has not been sufficiently justified yet.
Passive voice 'gerekçelendirilmedi'.
Mahkeme, kararı hukuki dayanaklarla gerekçelendirdi.
The court justified the decision with legal grounds.
Instrumental plural 'dayanaklarla'.
Politikasını halkın güvenliğini öne sürerek gerekçelendirdi.
He justified his policy by putting forward public safety.
Adverbial 'öne sürerek'.
Eylemlerini etik prensiplerle gerekçelendirebilir misin?
Can you justify your actions with ethical principles?
Ability question form.
Gerekçelendirilmiş bir itiraz bekliyoruz.
We are expecting a justified objection.
Past participle as adjective.
Bu değişikliği gerekçelendiren raporu okudun mu?
Did you read the report justifying this change?
Present participle 'gerekçelendiren'.
Eleştirmen, filmin başarısızlığını teknik hatalarla gerekçelendiriyor.
The critic justifies the film's failure with technical errors.
Accusative 'başarısızlığını'.
Tezinizdeki bu boşluğu nasıl gerekçelendirmeyi düşünüyorsunuz?
How do you plan to justify this gap in your thesis?
Accusative verbal noun 'gerekçelendirmeyi'.
Şirket, işten çıkarmaları 'yeniden yapılanma' ile gerekçelendirdi.
The company justified the layoffs with 'restructuring'.
Quotes used for a specific term.
Bu kuramsal çerçeveyi gerekçelendirmek için daha fazla veriye ihtiyaç var.
More data is needed to justify this theoretical framework.
Purposive 'için' with infinitive.
Gerekçelendirilmemiş iddialar ciddiye alınmaz.
Unjustified claims are not taken seriously.
Negative past participle adjective.
Savaşın gerekçelendirilmesi uluslararası hukukta zordur.
The justification of war is difficult in international law.
Genitive-possessive construction.
Yönetim, bu riskli yatırımı pazar payını artırma hedefiyle gerekçelendirdi.
Management justified this risky investment with the goal of increasing market share.
Instrumental 'hedefiyle'.
Savunma makamı, müvekkilinin masumiyetini somut delillerle gerekçelendirdi.
The defense justified their client's innocence with concrete evidence.
Accusative 'masumiyetini'.
Ontolojik kanıtın gerekçelendirilmesi felsefe tarihinin en tartışmalı konularından biridir.
The justification of the ontological argument is one of the most controversial topics in the history of philosophy.
Passive verbal noun in a complex noun phrase.
Yazar, post-yapısalcı yaklaşımını dilin doğasına dair gözlemleriyle gerekçelendirir.
The author justifies their post-structuralist approach with observations on the nature of language.
Aorist tense for general truths.
Anayasa Mahkemesi'nin gerekçelendirilmiş kararı resmi gazetede yayımlandı.
The Constitutional Court's justified decision was published in the official gazette.
Compound noun phrase with adjective.
Bilimsel bir devrimi gerekçelendirmek, mevcut paradigmanın yetersizliğini kanıtlamayı gerektirir.
Justifying a scientific revolution requires proving the inadequacy of the current paradigm.
Infinitive as subject of 'gerektirir'.
Politikacıların popülist söylemlerini gerekçelendirme biçimleri sosyolojik bir analiz gerektirir.
The ways politicians justify their populist rhetoric require sociological analysis.
Plural possessive with verbal noun.
Etik bir eylemin sadece sonuçlarıyla gerekçelendirilmesi 'faydacılık' olarak adlandırılır.
Justifying an ethical action only by its consequences is called 'utilitarianism'.
Passive infinitive with instrumental.
Kendi varoluşunu gerekçelendirmek her bireyin temel içgüdüsüdür.
Justifying one's own existence is the basic instinct of every individual.
Reflexive 'kendi' with accusative object.
Kurumun stratejik planı, gelecek on yılı kapsayan projeksiyonlarla gerekçelendirilmiştir.
The institution's strategic plan has been justified with projections covering the next ten years.
Passive perfect tense.
類義語
反対語
よく使う組み合わせ
よく使うフレーズ
— What is the reason/justification? Used to ask for the logic behind something.
Bu değişikliğin gerekçesi nedir?
— Justified ruling. A specific legal term for a judge's detailed explanation.
Gerekçeli karar henüz açıklanmadı.
— A reasonable justification. Used in legal or professional contexts.
Makul bir gerekçeniz var mı?
— To perform a justification. Often used as a noun-verb combo.
Bu konuda bir gerekçelendirme yapmak şart.
— To show/provide a reason. A slightly simpler alternative.
Hastalığını gerekçe göstererek gelmedi.
— Concrete reason. Used when physical evidence is involved.
Somut bir gerekçe sunamadılar.
— Justified report. A report that includes all supporting logic.
Gerekçelendirilmiş raporu teslim ettik.
— Lacking justification. Used to criticize a weak argument.
Bu karar gerekçeden yoksundur.
慣用句と表現
— To make excuses or create hurdles to avoid doing something.
Gerekçelendirmek yerine ipe un seriyor.
Informal— To find a formal/legal-sounding justification for something questionable.
Yolsuzluğu kitabına uydurup gerekçelendirdiler.
Informal/Critical— To beat around the bush instead of giving a straight justification.
Gerekçelendirmek yerine lafı dolandırıyor.
Informal— To remain unsupported or unjustified (of an argument).
Gerekçelendirilmediği için iddiası havada kaldı.
Neutral— To put things in their proper place (metaphorically, to justify perfectly).
Argümanlarını öyle güzel gerekçelendirdi ki her şeyi yerli yerine oturttu.
Neutral— To find a pretext or cover-up justification.
Hatalarına kılıf uydurmaya çalışıyor.
Informal— To fill the bottom (to provide solid evidence/justification for a claim).
Bu iddianın altını doldurman gerek.
Neutral/Professional— To find a point of support/justification.
Kararı için güçlü bir dayanak noktası buldu.
Formal— To say exactly the right thing at the right time (often as a final justification).
Son gerekçesiyle sözü gediğine koydu.
Idiomatic— To make something plausible or reasonable.
Planı akla yatkın hale getirmek için gerekçelendirdi.
Neutral語族
名詞
動詞
形容詞
関連
暗記しよう
記憶術
Think of 'Gerek' (Need) + 'Check' (Gerekçe sounds a bit like 'Check'). You 'Check' the 'Needs' to 'Justify' your decision. Gerek-çe-len-dir-mek.
視覚的連想
Imagine a judge hitting a gavel onto a thick book labeled 'GEREKÇE'. The book is the solid foundation of the decision.
Word Web
チャレンジ
Try to write a three-sentence paragraph about a recent choice you made (like buying a coffee) using 'gerekçelendirmek' in a formal way.
語源
The word is purely Turkic in origin, built through layers of suffixes. It starts with the root 'gere-', which relates to 'necessity' or 'that which must be'.
元の意味： To make something necessary or to provide the reason why something must be.
Turkic文化的な背景
Be careful not to use this word to dismiss someone's emotions; it is too cold and logical for sensitive personal matters.
English speakers often use 'justify' both for logic and for text alignment. Turkish distinguishes these strictly. 'Justify' in English can also sound defensive, whereas 'gerekçelendirmek' is often seen as a professional requirement.
実生活で練習する
実際の使用場面
Law
- Gerekçeli karar
- Hukuki gerekçe
- Gerekçelendirilmiş hüküm
- Savunmayı gerekçelendirmek
Academia
- Tezi gerekçelendirmek
- Yöntemi gerekçelendirmek
- Bilimsel gerekçe
- Gerekçelendirme bölümü
Business
- Bütçeyi gerekçelendirmek
- Stratejiyi gerekçelendirmek
- Gerekçe raporu
- Maliyetleri gerekçelendirmek
Politics
- Yasayı gerekçelendirmek
- Politikayı gerekçelendirmek
- Kamuoyu gerekçesi
- Gerekçeli açıklama
Philosophy
- Ahlakı gerekçelendirmek
- İnancı gerekçelendirmek
- Rasyonel gerekçelendirme
- Temellendirme ve gerekçelendirme
会話のきっかけ
"Bu kararınızı hangi verilerle gerekçelendiriyorsunuz?"
"Sizce bu projenin en güçlü gerekçesi nedir?"
"Hükümetin son adımını nasıl gerekçelendirdiğini duydunuz mu?"
"Bir iddiayı gerekçelendirmek için sadece mantık yeterli midir?"
Summary
Gerekçelendirmek is more than just 'explaining'; it is the professional act of proving the necessity and logic of a decision or claim. Example: 'Kararını bilimsel verilerle gerekçelendirdi' (He justified his decision with scientific data).
- A formal verb meaning 'to justify' or 'to provide grounds'.
- Derived from 'gerek' (necessity) and 'gerekçe' (justification).
- Used in academic, legal, and professional Turkish contexts.
- Requires an object in the accusative case and often uses instrumental evidence.
