perde 30秒で
- Perde primarily means curtain.
- It also refers to an 'act' in a play.
- In music, it means pitch or fret.
- It is used metaphorically for 'behind the scenes' (perde arkası).
The Turkish word perde is a multifaceted noun that primarily translates to 'curtain' in English. However, its utility in the Turkish language extends far beyond simple window coverings. At its most basic level, it refers to the fabric hung to block light or provide privacy in a home. In a Turkish household, the selection and maintenance of perdeler (curtains) is often a matter of great pride and cultural significance, symbolizing the boundary between the private family life and the public outside world. Beyond the domestic sphere, the word is an essential term in the world of performing arts. It refers to the physical curtain in a theater that rises and falls to signal the beginning and end of a performance, but more importantly, it denotes the 'act' of a play or opera. For instance, a play might be described as iki perdeli, meaning 'in two acts'. This dual meaning creates a rich semantic field where the concept of 'opening' and 'closing' a curtain applies both to physical objects and temporal segments of a narrative. Furthermore, the word appears in anatomical and medical contexts to describe membranes or specific conditions like cataracts in the eye, often referred to as göze perde inmesi. In the realm of music, particularly in traditional Turkish music and stringed instruments like the bağlama or tanbur, perde refers to the frets on the neck of the instrument or the specific pitches/intervals within a scale. This musical application highlights the word's core concept of a 'division' or 'partition'. Whether you are shopping for home decor, attending a high-culture theatrical event, discussing music theory, or even navigating medical terminology, perde is a foundational word that bridges various aspects of Turkish life and thought.
- Domestic Usage
- In daily life, people use this word when talking about home improvement, cleaning, or privacy. You might hear 'Perdeyi kapat' (Close the curtain) when the sun is too bright or 'Perdeleri yıkadım' (I washed the curtains) during spring cleaning.
- Theatrical Context
- When attending a play, the word signifies the structural divisions of the story. 'Birinci perde' means Act One. The phrase 'perde arkası' refers to what happens backstage, often used metaphorically for 'behind the scenes' of a political or social event.
- Musical Context
- For musicians, especially those playing the 'saz' or 'ud', it refers to the specific notes or the physical markers on the instrument that dictate the sound frequency.
Güneş çok güçlü, lütfen perdeyi çeker misin?
Using the word perde correctly involves understanding its grammatical role as a noun and how it interacts with various verbs. The most common verbs associated with curtains are açmak (to open), kapatmak (to close), çekmek (to draw/pull), and asmak (to hang). When you want to say 'draw the curtains' (either to open or close them), perdeyi çekmek is the idiomatic choice. In a theater setting, the verb kapanmak (to be closed) is used to indicate the end of a show or act: 'Perde kapandı' (The curtain closed). In grammatical terms, when perde is the object of a sentence, it often takes the accusative case suffix -yi, becoming perdeyi. For example, 'Perdeyi ütüledim' (I ironed the curtain). If you are talking about multiple curtains, you add the plural suffix -ler, resulting in perdeler. If you are referring to a specific act in a play, you use the ordinal numbers: 'Üçüncü perde en heyecanlı kısımdı' (The third act was the most exciting part). It is also important to note the metaphorical use in sentences like 'Olayların perde arkasını merak ediyorum' (I am curious about the behind-the-scenes of the events). Here, perde arkası acts as a compound noun. In musical sentences, you might hear 'Bu şarkının perdeleri çok yüksek' (The pitches of this song are very high), referring to the vocal range or the notes required. For medical contexts, 'Gözüne perde inmiş' is a standard way to say someone has developed a cataract, literally meaning 'a curtain has descended upon their eye'. This variety of usage makes perde a versatile tool for both literal and figurative expression.
Oyunun ikinci perdesinde ana karakter ölüyor.
- Verb Pairing: Asmak
- Yeni evimiz için beyaz perdeler astık. (We hung white curtains for our new house.)
- Verb Pairing: Çekmek
- Lütfen perdeyi çek, dışarıdan kimse bizi görmesin. (Please draw the curtain so no one sees us from outside.)
You will encounter the word perde in a variety of everyday and specialized environments. In a domestic setting, it is a staple of household vocabulary. You'll hear it in furniture stores (perdeci), where people discuss fabrics like kadife (velvet) or keten (linen). During holiday preparations or seasonal cleaning, family members might discuss taking down and washing the curtains. In the cultural sphere, Turkish television news and newspapers frequently use the phrase perde arkası to discuss the hidden details of political negotiations or celebrity scandals. If you visit a theater or the State Opera and Ballet, the announcements will mention the number of perde in the performance and the duration of the ara (intermission) between them. In the world of music, especially if you are taking lessons for a traditional instrument like the bağlama, your teacher will constantly refer to the perdeler on the neck of the instrument to guide your finger placement. Furthermore, in medical clinics, particularly ophthalmology (eye health), doctors use the term to explain vision issues related to cataracts to patients in a way that is easily understood. Even in sports, a commentator might say a player 'perdeleme yaptı' (screened/blocked), borrowing the concept of the curtain as a barrier. The word is so ingrained that it appears in literature and poetry as a metaphor for secrets, death, or the transition between different states of being. Whether you are at home, at the theater, or watching the news, perde is a word that frequently pops up in both its literal and symbolic forms.
Haberlerde bu olayın perde arkasını anlattılar.
Learners of Turkish often face a few hurdles when using perde. One common mistake is confusing it with other window-related terms like panjur (shutters) or jaluzi (blinds). While all these serve to block light, perde specifically refers to fabric-based coverings. Another frequent error occurs in the context of theater. English speakers might mistakenly use the word sahne (scene/stage) when they actually mean perde (act). In Turkish, a sahne is a smaller subdivision within a perde. So, while you might say 'the first scene of the first act', you must distinguish between birinci perdenin birinci sahnesi. Misusing the verb pairings is another pitfall. For instance, while you can 'open' (açmak) a curtain, if you want to say you are pulling it to the side, perdeyi kenara çekmek is more natural than just saying perdeyi açmak. Additionally, learners sometimes struggle with the metaphorical phrase perde arkası. It is always used in the singular 'perde' even if there are many events involved; you wouldn't typically say 'perdeler arkası'. In musical contexts, confusing perde (the fret or the pitch) with nota (the written note) is common. A perde is the sound or the physical spot, while nota is the symbolic representation. Finally, in medical terms, remember that perde isn't the scientific name for a cataract (which is katarakt), but it is the common, colloquial term used by the public. Using katarakt in a very formal medical report is better, but perde is perfect for daily conversation with a patient or a friend.
- Perde vs. Panjur
- Don't say 'perde' for the plastic or wooden shutters outside the window; that's a panjur.
- Perde vs. Sahne
- Remember: A 'perde' is a large act, while 'sahne' is a specific scene or the stage itself.
While perde is the most common term, there are several related words that you might use depending on the specific context. If you are referring to the thin, decorative lace curtains common in Turkish homes, the word tül is often used on its own or as tül perde. For thick curtains designed specifically to block out sunlight, güneşlik is the precise term. In modern interior design, you might encounter stor perde (roller blinds) or zebra perde (dual-layered roller blinds with stripes). In a more general sense of 'covering' or 'veil', you might use örtü or peçe (specifically a face veil). In a theatrical or cinematic context, beyaz perde (the white screen) is a very common synonym for the world of cinema or the silver screen itself. If you are talking about a partition or a screen used to divide a room, the word paravan is more appropriate than perde. In terms of musical pitch, tını refers to the timbre, while perde refers to the height or frequency of the note. Understanding these nuances allows you to be much more specific in your descriptions. For example, instead of just saying 'the curtain is dirty', saying 'tüller grileşmiş' (the lace curtains have turned grey) conveys a much clearer image of household maintenance. Similarly, in literature, using peçe instead of perde can change the tone from a simple barrier to a mysterious, personal concealment.
- Tül
- Specifically refers to the sheer, light fabric used for day curtains.
- Güneşlik
- The heavy, light-blocking layer of the curtain setup.
- Paravan
- A folding screen or divider, used for privacy in clinics or large rooms.
How Formal Is It?
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豆知識
The same root 'parda' in Persian also led to the word 'purdah' in English, referring to the practice of female seclusion in some Muslim and Hindu societies.
発音ガイド
- Pronouncing the 'r' too strongly like in English 'car'.
- Making the final 'e' sound like 'ee' in 'see'.
難易度
Easy to recognize in texts once the basic meaning is known.
Simple spelling, follows standard vowel harmony.
Requires practice for the 'r' and 'e' sounds to sound native.
Clear pronunciation makes it easy to hear in conversation.
次に学ぶべきこと
前提知識
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上級
知っておくべき文法
Vowel Harmony
Perde -> Perdeler (e is front, so -ler is used).
Accusative Case
Perde -> Perdeyi (y is buffer, i is the case marker).
Dative Case
Perde -> Perdeye (y is buffer, e is the case marker).
Compound Nouns
Tül perde (No suffix on the first word).
Possessive Compound
Sahne perdesi (Second word takes -(s)i).
レベル別の例文
Bu perde çok güzel.
This curtain is very beautiful.
Simple demonstrative pronoun 'bu' with the noun 'perde'.
Perde beyaz renktedir.
The curtain is in white color.
Using the noun with a color and the suffix -dir for a statement of fact.
Odamda iki perde var.
There are two curtains in my room.
Use of 'var' to indicate existence.
Annem perdeye bakıyor.
My mother is looking at the curtain.
Dative case 'perdeye' used with the verb 'bakmak'.
Küçük bir perde aldım.
I bought a small curtain.
Adjective 'küçük' modifying the noun.
Perde temiz mi?
Is the curtain clean?
Question particle 'mi' used with an adjective.
Pencerede perde yok.
There is no curtain on the window.
Use of 'yok' to indicate non-existence.
Yeni bir perde lazım.
A new curtain is necessary.
'Lazım' used to express necessity.
Lütfen perdeyi kapat.
Please close the curtain.
Accusative case 'perdeyi' as the direct object of the imperative 'kapat'.
Güneş geliyor, perdeyi çek.
The sun is coming in, draw the curtain.
Verb 'çekmek' used for drawing curtains.
Perdeleri ne zaman yıkayacaksın?
When will you wash the curtains?
Plural accusative 'perdeleri' and future tense.
Bu tül perde çok ince.
This lace curtain is very thin.
Compound-like structure 'tül perde'.
Mağazadan mavi bir perde seçtik.
We chose a blue curtain from the store.
Ablative case 'mağazadan' and past tense.
Perdeyi asmak için yardım et.
Help me to hang the curtain.
Infinitive 'asmak' and dative 'yardım et'.
Eski perdeleri çöpe attık.
We threw the old curtains in the trash.
Adjective 'eski' and plural accusative.
Perdenin rengi solmuş.
The color of the curtain has faded.
Possessive construction 'perdenin rengi'.
Tiyatro oyunu üç perdeden oluşuyor.
The theater play consists of three acts.
Ablative case 'perdeden' with the verb 'oluşmak'.
Birinci perde bitti, şimdi ara var.
The first act is over, now there is an intermission.
Ordinal number 'birinci' and 'ara' (break).
Perde arkasında neler olduğunu bilmiyoruz.
We don't know what is happening behind the scenes.
Idiomatic use of 'perde arkası' in the locative case.
Gitarın perdeleri aşınmış, değiştirmek lazım.
The frets of the guitar are worn out, they need to be changed.
Musical meaning of 'perde' in a possessive structure.
Doktor, babamın gözündeki perdeyi alacak.
The doctor will remove the cataract in my father's eye.
Colloquial medical use of 'perde' for cataract.
Haberin perde arkasını araştırıyorlar.
They are investigating the behind-the-scenes of the news.
Metaphorical use in journalism.
Sahneye çıkmadan önce perde açıldı.
The curtain opened before coming onto the stage.
Temporal construction 'çıkmadan önce'.
Kedi perdeye tırmanmış.
The cat has climbed the curtain.
Dative case 'perdeye' with the verb 'tırmanmak' in the indirect past tense.
Siyasetin perde arkasında büyük pazarlıklar dönüyor.
Big bargains are happening behind the scenes of politics.
Metaphorical use in a complex political context.
Sanatçı, şarkıyı çok yüksek bir perdeden okudu.
The artist sang the song from a very high pitch.
Musical meaning of 'perde' referring to vocal pitch.
Gerçeklerin üzerine bir sır perdesi çekildi.
A veil of secrecy was drawn over the truths.
Idiomatic phrase 'sır perdesi çekmek'.
Oyunun son perdesi izleyicileri ağlattı.
The final act of the play made the audience cry.
Causative verb 'ağlatmak'.
Perdesiz gitarda çalmak çok daha zordur.
Playing on a fretless guitar is much more difficult.
Adjective 'perdesiz' meaning 'fretless'.
Gözüne perde inince dünyası karardı.
When the cataract descended on his eye, his world went dark.
Idiomatic medical expression with 'ince' (when).
Bu olay, tarihin perdelerini aralıyor.
This event opens the curtains of history.
Metaphorical use of 'perdeyi aralamak'.
Yönetmen, filmin perde arkası görüntülerini paylaştı.
The director shared the behind-the-scenes footage of the film.
Use of 'perde arkası' as a compound adjective.
Eserin dördüncü perdesindeki monolog çok etkileyiciydi.
The monologue in the fourth act of the work was very impressive.
Locative-attributive '-deki' suffix applied to 'perde'.
Toplumun üzerine çöken bu korku perdesini yırtmalıyız.
We must tear down this curtain of fear that has descended upon society.
Abstract metaphor with the verb 'yırtmak' (to tear).
Klasik Türk müziğinde perdeler arasındaki mikrotonlar çok önemlidir.
In Classical Turkish Music, the microtones between the pitches are very important.
Technical musical terminology.
Yazar, romanında gerçeklik ile hayal arasındaki perdeyi inceltiyor.
The author thins the curtain between reality and imagination in his novel.
Literary metaphor 'perdeyi inceltmek'.
Olayın perde arkasındaki aktörler henüz ortaya çıkmadı.
The actors behind the scenes of the event have not yet emerged.
Metaphorical use of 'aktör' and 'perde arkası'.
Göz ameliyatı ile o perde nihayet kaldırıldı.
With the eye surgery, that curtain was finally removed.
Passive voice 'kaldırıldı'.
Sinema, 'beyaz perde' olarak adlandırılan büyülü bir dünyadır.
Cinema is a magical world called the 'white screen'.
Fixed expression 'beyaz perde'.
Diplomatik krizin perde arkasını sadece üst düzey yetkililer biliyor.
Only high-level officials know the behind-the-scenes of the diplomatic crisis.
Complex possessive chain.
Tasavvufta 'perde', hakikat ile kul arasındaki engelleri temsil eder.
In Sufism, 'perde' represents the obstacles between truth and the servant.
Philosophical and religious terminology.
Makamların inceliklerini anlamak için perdelerin frekanslarını bilmek gerekir.
To understand the nuances of the 'makams', one must know the frequencies of the pitches.
Highly technical musicology context.
Hayat sahnesinde her ölüm, aslında son perdenin kapanışıdır.
In the stage of life, every death is actually the closing of the final act.
Profound literary metaphor.
Gözlerine hırs perdesi inen adam, dostlarını bile tanıyamaz oldu.
The man, whose eyes were veiled by greed, could no longer even recognize his friends.
Abstract idiomatic use 'hırs perdesi inmek'.
Oyunun dramaturjik yapısı, perdeler arasındaki geçişlerle güçlendirilmiş.
The dramaturgical structure of the play has been strengthened by the transitions between acts.
Academic theater terminology.
Siyasi tarihimiz, henüz aralanmamış birçok sır perdesiyle doludur.
Our political history is full of many veils of secrecy that have not yet been parted.
Complex adjectival phrase 'henüz aralanmamış'.
Karagöz perdesi, toplumsal eleştirinin en keskin araçlarından biri olmuştur.
The Karagöz screen has been one of the sharpest tools of social criticism.
Historical cultural reference.
Zihinlerdeki önyargı perdelerini kaldırmak, eğitimle mümkündür.
Removing the curtains of prejudice in minds is possible through education.
Abstract sociological metaphor.
よく使う組み合わせ
よく使うフレーズ
— The hidden power controlling things.
Bu kararın perde arkasındaki gücü kim?
— To be unable to see the truth due to emotion or disease.
Hırstan gözüne perde inmiş.
— To speak in a loud, arrogant, or authoritative tone.
Yine yüksek perdeden konuşmaya başladı.
よく混同される語
Panjur is the hard shutter outside; perde is the fabric inside.
Jaluzi refers specifically to horizontal or vertical blinds made of wood, metal, or plastic.
Sahne is the stage or a scene; perde is a major act of the play.
慣用句と表現
— To lose one's ability to judge clearly or to have a cataract.
Öfkesinden gözüne perde inmişti, hiçbir şeyi görmüyordu.
informal/medical— The hidden, often secret, details of an event.
Seçimlerin perde arkasında neler yaşandı?
neutral— To brag or talk big.
Yine yüksek perdeden atıyor, ama bir şey yapamaz.
informal— To forget or hide a past event.
Eski kavgaların üzerine bir perde çektiler.
neutral— To start uncovering a mystery.
Polis, cinayetin üzerindeki sır perdesini araladı.
neutral— To reach the end of a process or life.
Onun için artık bu şehirde perde kapandı.
literary— The screen of a shadow play, often used for the world of illusions.
Dünya bir hayal perdesidir derdi dedem.
literary/philosophical— To lose one's sense of shame or modesty.
Onun haya perdesi yırtılmış, her şeyi söyler.
informal/archaic— Used to say that something is decisively over.
Paralar bitti, perde bir, oyun bitti.
slang— Used to describe something very deep or hidden.
Gerçek yedi perde arkasında saklıydı.
literary間違えやすい
Both are theater terms.
Perde is a large division (Act); Sahne is a smaller division or the stage itself.
Birinci perdenin üçüncü sahnesi.
Often used interchangeably for curtains.
Tül is a specific material (lace/sheer); Perde is the general term.
Tül perdeyi astım.
Both can mean cover.
Kapak is a lid or cover for a container; Perde is a hanging screen.
Tencerenin kapağını kapat.
General term for covering.
Örtü covers a surface (like a table); Perde hangs in front of an opening.
Masa örtüsü.
Both mean veil.
Peçe is specifically for the face; Perde is for windows or theater.
Kadın peçesini açtı.
文型パターン
Bu bir [Noun].
Bu bir perde.
Lütfen [Noun]+[Accusative] [Verb].
Lütfen perdeyi kapat.
[Noun] [Number] perdeden oluşuyor.
Oyun iki perdeden oluşuyor.
[Noun]+[Genitive] perde arkası...
Siyasetin perde arkası çok karışık.
[Abstract Noun] perdesini [Verb].
Korku perdesini yırtmalıyız.
[Subject] üzerine [Noun] perdesi inmek.
Gözlerine hırs perdesi inmiş.
[Adjective] [Noun] aldım.
Mavi perde aldım.
[Noun]+[Possessive] [Adjective].
Perdelerim çok kirli.
語族
名詞
動詞
形容詞
関連
使い方
Very frequent in daily life, theater, and news.
ヒント
Types of Curtains
Learn 'tül' (sheer), 'güneşlik' (thick), and 'stor' (roller) to be more specific in your Turkish home descriptions.
Theater Etiquette
When you see '2 Perde' on a ticket, it means there will be one intermission. 'Perde arası' is the time to get a snack!
Accusative Case
Remember 'perdeyi' (the curtain) when you are doing something to it, like 'perdeyi aç' (open the curtain).
News Reading
Look for 'perde arkası' in news headlines
暗記しよう
記憶術
Think of a 'PERfect DEcor' involving curtains. PER-DE.
視覚的連想
Imagine a large red theater curtain closing after a performance.
Word Web
チャレンジ
Try to name three different types of 'perde' you can find in a Turkish home (Hint: tül, güneşlik, stor).
語源
Derived from the Persian word 'parda' (پرده).
元の意味： A veil, screen, or curtain.
Indo-European (Persian) borrowed into Turkic.文化的な背景
Generally a neutral word, but 'haya perdesi' (veil of modesty) can be sensitive in religious or traditional discussions.
In English, we say 'acts' for theater, but Turkish uses the same word as the physical curtain. Also, 'fret' is the musical term, while 'perde' covers that too.
実生活で練習する
実際の使用場面
At Home
- Perdeyi kapatır mısın?
- Yeni perdeler çok şık.
- Tülleri ütüledim.
- Güneşlik lazım.
At the Theater
- Oyun kaç perde?
- Perde ne zaman açılacak?
- Perde arasında kantine gidelim.
- Muhteşem bir son perdeydi.
Discussing Music
- Gitarın perdeleri nerede?
- Bu nota hangi perdede?
- Sesi çok yüksek perdeden.
- Perdesiz bağlama çalıyor.
Medical/Health
- Gözümde perde var gibi.
- Perde operasyonu başarılı geçti.
- Doktor perdeyi temizledi.
- Gözüne perde inmiş.
Metaphorical/News
- Olayın perde arkası karanlık.
- Sır perdesi aralanıyor.
- Perde arkasındaki isimler.
- Geçmişe perde çektik.
会話のきっかけ
"Evin için ne tür perdeler tercih edersin?"
"En son gittiğin tiyatro oyunu kaç perdeydi?"
"Sence bir olayın perde arkasını bilmek her zaman iyi midir?"
"Müzik aletlerinde perde olması çalmayı kolaylaştırır mı?"
"Evde perde yıkamak sence de çok zor bir iş değil mi?"
日記のテーマ
Bugün odamın perdelerini değiştirdim ve...
Tiyatroda perdenin açılmasını beklerken hissettiklerim...
Hayatımda yeni bir perde açmak istiyorum çünkü...
Gözlerimin önüne bir perde inmiş gibi hissettiğim bir an...
Perde arkasında kalmayı mı yoksa sahnede olmayı mı tercih edersin?
よくある質問
10 問No, it also means an 'act' in a play, a 'fret' or 'pitch' in music, and a 'membrane' or 'cataract' in medical contexts. It is a very versatile word.
You use the phrase 'perdeyi çekmek'. Depending on the context, this can mean opening or closing them, but it usually implies pulling them closed.
'Perde' is the general term for any curtain. 'Tül' specifically refers to the thin, see-through lace curtains used during the day.
Yes, it refers to the frets on instruments like the guitar or saz, and also to the specific notes or pitches in a scale.
Literally it means 'behind the curtain', but it is most commonly used metaphorically to mean 'behind the scenes' of an event or news story.
The noun 'perde' can be turned into a verb: 'perdelemek', which means to screen, block, or veil something.
Since 'perde' ends in a front vowel 'e', you add the suffix '-ler' to get 'perdeler'.
It literally means 'white screen' and is a common Turkish idiom for the cinema or the movie industry.
Yes, 'perde' is the standard word for an act in a play or opera.
The common phrase is 'gözüne perde inmek', which literally means 'a curtain has descended on one's eye'.
Summary
Perde is a versatile Turkish noun essential for home life (curtains), theater (acts), and music (pitch), often used metaphorically to describe hidden aspects of situations.
- Perde primarily means curtain.
- It also refers to an 'act' in a play.
- In music, it means pitch or fret.
- It is used metaphorically for 'behind the scenes' (perde arkası).
Types of Curtains
Learn 'tül' (sheer), 'güneşlik' (thick), and 'stor' (roller) to be more specific in your Turkish home descriptions.
Theater Etiquette
When you see '2 Perde' on a ticket, it means there will be one intermission. 'Perde arası' is the time to get a snack!
Accusative Case
Remember 'perdeyi' (the curtain) when you are doing something to it, like 'perdeyi aç' (open the curtain).
News Reading
Look for 'perde arkası' in news headlines
関連コンテンツ
daily_lifeの関連語
acaba
A2彼は来るかしら。(Acaba gelir mi?)
acıkmak
A2お腹が空く。トルコ語では「お腹が空いた」という状態を動詞で表現します。
ad
A1name
adeta
B1「まるで」「ほとんど」という意味です。比喩を強調する際に使われます。「ここはまるで天国のようです。」
adres
A1住所（じゅうしょ）は、人が住んでいる場所や建物がある場所を示す情報です。
aksilik
B1不運、手違い、またはトラブル。 'ちょっとした手違い (aksilik) で遅れました。'
akış
B1Flow, stream, or course of events
akşam
A1evening
akşamüstü
B1夕方に公園で会いましょう。
almak
A1to take, to buy
