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B1 noun #4,300 よく出る 12分で読める

适应性

shi ying xing 上位4,300

練習する例文メモとヒント 适应性 30秒で

解説 适应性 in your Level:

At the A1 level, you are just starting to learn Chinese. The word '适应性' (shì yìng xìng) might be a bit difficult because it contains three characters and represents an abstract concept. However, you can think of it as 'being okay with new things.' At this level, you should focus on the first part of the word, '适应' (shì yìng), which means 'to get used to.' For example, when you go to a new school or eat new food, you are '适应ing' it. '适应性' is just the name for how good you are at doing that. Even though it is a big word, you might see it in simple posters or hear it in very basic conversations about moving to a new city. Think of it like this: if you can sleep well in a new bed on the first night, you have good '适应性'! You don't need to use this word in your own speaking yet, but recognizing that '性' at the end makes it a 'thing' (a noun) is a great first step in understanding how Chinese words are built.

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At the A2 level, you are beginning to form more complex sentences and talk about your daily life, work, and feelings. You can start to use '适应性' (shì yìng xìng) to describe yourself or others in simple terms. You might say, '我很有适应性' (I have a lot of adaptability) to show that you are flexible. You will likely hear this word when people talk about traveling or changing jobs. At this stage, it is important to remember that '适应性' is a noun. You use it with words like '很强' (hěn qiáng - very strong) or '很好' (hěn hǎo - very good). You might also start to see it in short articles about nature, describing how animals live in different places. Learning this word helps you express the idea that you are not just 'getting used to' something, but that you have the *ability* to do so. It makes your Chinese sound a bit more professional and precise than just using basic verbs like '喜欢' (like) or '习惯' (get used to).

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At the B1 level, you are an intermediate learner who can handle most everyday situations. '适应性' (shì yìng xìng) becomes a very useful word for you now. You can use it to discuss more abstract topics like career development, social issues, and environmental changes. You should be able to use the '对...的适应性' structure. For example, '学生对新环境的适应性' (students' adaptability to a new environment). This is a common topic in school essays and workplace discussions. You are also expected to understand that this word is more formal than '习惯' (habit/get used to). When you are at a job interview or writing a formal email, using '适应性' shows that you have a higher level of vocabulary. You can also start to distinguish it from similar words like '灵活性' (flexibility). At B1, you should be comfortable both hearing this word in a news broadcast and using it to describe a complex personal trait or a system's feature.

At the B2 level, you are an upper-intermediate learner who can understand the main ideas of complex text. '适应性' (shì yìng xìng) is a word you should use frequently and accurately. You will encounter it in academic texts, business reports, and literature. You should understand its nuances in different fields—for example, '生物适应性' in biology vs. '市场适应性' in business. You should also be able to use it to form complex arguments, such as explaining why a certain policy failed due to a '缺乏适应性' (lack of adaptability). At this level, you should also be aware of related idioms and formal phrases that include this concept. You can use it to describe not just people, but also abstract systems like '法律的适应性' (the adaptability of the law) to a changing society. Your ability to use '适应性' in various grammatical roles (subject, object, modifier) should be solid, and you should be able to explain the concept in Chinese using synonyms like '应变能力'.

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At the C1 level, you are a proficient user of Chinese. You should have a deep understanding of '适应性' (shì yìng xìng) and its role in sophisticated discourse. You will use this word to discuss evolutionary theory, complex systems science, and high-level management strategies. You should be able to appreciate the subtle differences between '适应性' and '顺应性' (compliance/conformance) or '兼容性' (compatibility). In your writing, you can use '适应性' to build nuanced descriptions of social phenomena, such as '文化适应性' (cultural adaptability) in the context of globalization. You should also be familiar with how this term is used in specialized fields like computer science ('自适应系统' - self-adaptive systems) or psychology ('心理适应性量表' - psychological adaptability scales). At this level, you are not just using the word; you are using it to demonstrate a sophisticated grasp of Chinese logic and conceptual frameworks. You can engage in deep debates about whether '适应性' is always a positive trait or if it can sometimes lead to a loss of original identity.

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At the C2 level, you have mastered Chinese at a near-native level. '适应性' (shì yìng xìng) is a word that you use with complete precision and stylistic flair. You can use it in philosophical discussions about the nature of change, citing classical Chinese thought like the 'I Ching' to explain the roots of adaptability. You understand the word's placement in the highest registers of literature and government white papers. You can effortlessly switch between '适应性' and more obscure or classical synonyms depending on the desired tone. You might use it to critique the '制度适应性' (institutional adaptability) of modern governments or to discuss the '演化适应性' (evolutionary adaptability) in a technical scientific paper. For you, '适应性' is not just a vocabulary item; it is a conceptual tool that you can manipulate to express complex, multi-layered ideas about survival, technology, and the human condition. You can also identify and correct subtle misuses of the term in the speech of others, showing a total command of its semantic boundaries and collocations.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

适应性 30秒で

Adaptability: The noun form of 'adapt,' used to describe the capacity to adjust to new situations.
Commonly used in biology, business, technology, and psychology to describe resilience and flexibility.
Usually paired with adjectives like 'strong' (强) or verbs like 'improve' (提高).
Essential for discussing survival, evolution, and success in changing environments.

The Chinese term 适应性 (shì yìng xìng) is a powerful noun that encapsulates the concept of 'adaptability' or 'the capacity to adjust.' To understand this word, we must break down its constituent parts: 适 (shì) meaning to fit or suit, 应 (yìng) meaning to respond or react, and 性 (xìng) which acts as a suffix indicating a property, quality, or nature—equivalent to '-ness' or '-ity' in English. Together, they form a concept that describes how well an entity can modify its behavior, structure, or function to thrive in changing environments. In modern Chinese discourse, this word is not limited to biology; it is a buzzword in business, psychology, technology, and personal development. When you describe someone as having strong 适应性, you are praising their resilience and their ability to stay effective even when the world around them shifts unexpectedly.

Biological Context: In the natural world, 适应性 refers to the evolutionary traits that allow a species to survive. For instance, a camel's ability to store water is a physical manifestation of its environmental 适应性.
Professional Context: Employers often look for candidates with high 适应性 because they can handle new software, shifting market trends, and organizational restructuring without losing productivity.
Technological Context: In software engineering, 'adaptive design' or 'adaptive systems' are described using this term to highlight how code can respond to different user inputs or hardware environments.

为了在竞争激烈的市场中生存，企业必须提高其适应性。 (In order to survive in a highly competitive market, companies must improve their adaptability.)

The word is predominantly formal or semi-formal. You will encounter it in news reports discussing climate change, in academic papers regarding sociology, and in HR seminars about 'soft skills.' It is rarely used in very casual slang, where people might instead say '他很能吃苦' (he can endure hardship) or '他变通快' (he changes quickly), but in any professional or intellectual setting, 适应性 is the standard term. Its usage has surged in the digital age, reflecting the rapid pace of change in our global society. People often talk about '心理适应性' (psychological adaptability) when discussing mental health, emphasizing the importance of being able to process stress and new life chapters like moving to a different country or starting a new career path.

Furthermore, the concept of 适应性 is deeply rooted in the Chinese philosophical tradition of 'Yin and Yang' and the 'I Ching' (Book of Changes). The idea that one must flow with the changes of the universe rather than resist them is a cultural precursor to the modern linguistic use of this term. In educational settings, teachers focus on fostering the 适应性 of students, preparing them not just with facts, but with the ability to learn how to learn. This shift from rote memorization to flexible thinking is often described as cultivating 'learning adaptability' (学习适应性). In summary, whether you are talking about a computer program adjusting to a screen size or a person adjusting to a new culture, this word serves as the linguistic anchor for the ability to change for the better.

这种新物种展现出了惊人的环境适应性。 (This new species has shown amazing environmental adaptability.)

Using 适应性 (shì yìng xìng) correctly requires an understanding of its grammatical role as a noun. It often appears as the subject of a sentence, the object of a verb like '提高' (tí gāo - to improve) or '增强' (zēng qiáng - to strengthen), or as part of a compound noun phrase. Because it represents an abstract quality, it is frequently modified by adjectives like '强的' (qiáng de - strong) or '弱的' (ruò de - weak).

As an Object: We often use verbs of improvement with this word. For example: '我们需要增强对气候变化的适应性' (We need to enhance our adaptability to climate change).
As a Subject: '适应性是生存的关键' (Adaptability is the key to survival). Here, the word acts as the central concept of the statement.
In Compound Phrases: Terms like '生物适应性' (biological adaptability) or '软件适应性' (software adaptability) show how the word can be specified for different fields.

面试官非常看重应聘者的职场适应性。 (Interviewers value the workplace adaptability of candidates very much.)

When constructing sentences, it is helpful to think about *what* is adapting and *to what* it is adapting. While the word '适应性' itself doesn't always require a preposition, it is often paired with '对...的' (duì... de) to indicate the target of the adaptation. For instance, '对新环境的适应性' (adaptability to new environments). This structure is very common in written Chinese and professional presentations. If you are writing a self-evaluation for a job in China, saying '我具有很强的适应性' (I possess strong adaptability) is a standard and highly regarded phrase.

In more complex sentences, you might see '适应性' used to describe systems. '这套系统的适应性非常广泛，可以运行在不同的操作系统上' (The adaptability of this system is very broad; it can run on different operating systems). Here, '广泛' (guǎng fàn - broad/wide) modifies the noun to show the range of the capacity. Another common pattern is '缺乏适应性' (quē fá shì yìng xìng - to lack adaptability), used to describe rigid structures or individuals who struggle with change. For example, '由于缺乏适应性，那家老店最终倒闭了' (Due to a lack of adaptability, that old shop eventually went out of business). This demonstrates how the word can be used to explain cause and effect in business and social contexts.

提高个人的适应性有助于缓解生活压力。 (Improving one's adaptability helps to alleviate life stress.)

If you are living in a Chinese-speaking environment, you will hear 适应性 (shì yìng xìng) in several specific contexts. One of the most common is in the news, especially when the topic is the environment or technology. News anchors often discuss the '适应性' of urban infrastructure to extreme weather events like floods or heatwaves. You might hear: '城市基础设施需要提高对极端天气的适应性' (Urban infrastructure needs to improve its adaptability to extreme weather). This highlights the word's role in discussing large-scale societal challenges.

Corporate Meetings: Managers use this word during strategy sessions to discuss how a company can pivot its business model. '我们的团队需要更强的市场适应性' (Our team needs stronger market adaptability).
Educational Feedback: Teachers use it when talking to parents about a child's transition to a new grade or school. '孩子在新学校的适应性很好' (The child's adaptability in the new school is very good).
Science Documentaries: Narration in nature shows frequently uses the term to explain how animals survive in harsh climates through evolutionary '适应性'.

在这个快速变化的时代，适应性比单纯的知识更重要。 (In this rapidly changing era, adaptability is more important than mere knowledge.)

Another interesting place you will encounter this word is in the gaming community. When a new patch or expansion is released for a game, players and streamers often discuss the '适应性' of certain strategies or characters to the new 'meta' (game environment). If a character is described as having '强的适应性,' it means they can perform well regardless of who they are fighting against or what the current rules are. This usage shows how a formal term has trickled down into modern digital subcultures.

Finally, in the context of international relations or economics, you might hear about the '适应性' of a country's economy to global trade fluctuations. Experts might analyze the '适应性' of the supply chain during a global crisis. In all these cases, the word carries a weight of resilience and strategic flexibility. It is a word of the 'thinking class'—used by analysts, educators, and leaders to describe a vital survival mechanism in a complex world. By mastering this word, you gain access to high-level discussions about change management and evolution in both the natural and human worlds.

这些数据反映了该系统对不同硬件的适应性。 (These data reflect the system's adaptability to different hardware.)

The most frequent mistake learners make with 适应性 (shì yìng xìng) is confusing it with its base verb, 适应 (shì yìng). While they look similar, their grammatical functions are distinct. '适应' is a verb meaning 'to adapt to,' while '适应性' is a noun meaning 'adaptability.' For example, you cannot say '他很适应性新环境' (incorrect); you must say '他很适应新环境' (He adapts well to new environments) or '他具有很强的环境适应性' (He has strong environmental adaptability). Mixing these up is a tell-tale sign of a beginner level of proficiency.

Mistake: Using it as a Verb: Incorrect: 我需要适应性这个软件。 (I need to adaptability this software.) Correct: 我需要适应这个软件。 (I need to adapt to this software.)
Mistake: Redundancy: Learners sometimes say '适应的能力' which is not wrong, but '适应性' is more concise and professional. Using '适应性的能力' is redundant because the '性' already implies a capacity or nature.
Mistake: Misplacing the Target: When specifying what one is adapting to, the target should come before '适应性' using the '对...的' structure. Incorrect: 适应性对寒冷. Correct: 对寒冷的适应性.

错误用法：他的适应性新工作。 (Wrong: His adaptability new job.) 正确用法：他展现了很强的适应性。 (Correct: He showed strong adaptability.)

Another common error is applying the word to situations that are too simple or static. '适应性' implies a dynamic response to a changing or complex environment. You wouldn't typically use it for something like 'the adaptability of a key to a lock'—that is just 'matching' (匹配 - pǐ pèi). Use '适应性' when there is a process of adjustment involved. Furthermore, English speakers often try to translate 'adaptable' as an adjective directly into Chinese. In English, you might say 'He is an adaptable person.' In Chinese, you shouldn't say '他是适应性的一个人.' Instead, use '他是一个适应性很强的人' (He is a person with very strong adaptability). The noun-based construction is much more natural in Mandarin.

Lastly, be careful with the tone. Since '适应性' is a neutral to positive trait, using it in a negative context without a quantifier like '缺乏' (lack) or '差' (poor) can be confusing. If you say '他的适应性' without any other words, listeners are waiting for you to say whether it is good or bad. Always complete the thought by describing the quality of that adaptability. Forgetting this can make your sentences feel unfinished or vague, which is a common hurdle for intermediate learners moving toward advanced proficiency.

请注意：适应性是名词，不能直接接宾语。 (Please note: Adaptability is a noun and cannot directly take an object.)

While 适应性 (shì yìng xìng) is the most direct translation for 'adaptability,' several other words share similar meanings but carry different nuances. Understanding these differences will help you choose the most precise word for your context. The most common alternatives are 灵活性 (líng huó xìng), 应变能力 (yìng biàn néng lì), and 韧性 (rèn xìng).

灵活性 (líng huó xìng): Meaning 'flexibility.' While adaptability implies changing to fit a *new* environment, flexibility implies the ability to change back and forth or to handle multiple options. A flexible schedule is '灵活的,' not '适应性的.'
应变能力 (yìng biàn néng lì): Meaning 'ability to handle emergencies/changes.' This focuses more on the *immediate* reaction to a sudden change or crisis. '适应性' is often a longer-term trait, whereas '应变能力' is about thinking on your feet.
韧性 (rèn xìng): Meaning 'resilience' or 'tenacity.' This is the ability to bounce back from hardship. While '适应性' helps you change to survive, '韧性' helps you endure and recover. They are often used together in professional development.

虽然他很有适应性，但他在处理突发事件时的灵活性还不够。 (Although he has strong adaptability, his flexibility in handling sudden events is not enough.)

Another word often confused with 适应性 is 顺应性 (shùn yìng xìng). '顺应' (shùn yìng) carries a connotation of 'complying' or 'following the trend.' It is more passive than '适应性.' For example, '顺应潮流' (shùn yìng cháo liú) means to follow the current trend. '适应性' implies a more active or structural adjustment to a set of conditions. In technical fields, you might also see 兼容性 (jiān róng xìng), which means 'compatibility.' While adaptability is about changing to fit, compatibility is about being able to exist together without changing. A software that works on both Mac and PC has high '兼容性.'

In academic writing, you might encounter 调适性 (tiáo shì xìng). This is a very formal term often used in psychology and sociology, referring to 'adjustment.' It is subtly different from '适应性' in that it often implies a conscious effort to adjust one's mental state or social behavior to a specific norm. However, for 95% of situations, '适应性' is the broader and more useful term. By knowing these alternatives, you can avoid using '适应性' for everything and start sounding like a more nuanced, native-level speaker. For instance, instead of saying 'the adaptability of the plan,' you might say 'the flexibility of the plan' (计划的灵活性) if the plan can be easily changed.

我们需要在保持原则的同时，增加策略的适应性。 (We need to increase the adaptability of our strategies while maintaining our principles.)

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

The character '性' used to be written with 'heart' and 'birth,' implying the nature one is born with. Adding it to '适应' turns an action into an inherent quality.

発音ガイド

UK shì yìng xìng

US shì yìng xìng

In Mandarin, each syllable typically has equal weight, but 'xìng' often feels like a sharp suffix ending.

韻が合う語

定 (dìng) 硬 (yìng) 病 (bìng) 命 (mìng) 静 (jìng) 镜 (jìng) 庆 (qìng) 令 (lìng)

よくある間違い

Pronouncing 'shì' as 'sì' (lacking the 'h' sound).
Pronouncing 'yìng' as 'yīn' (dropping the 'g').
Mixing up the fourth tones (falling) with other tones.
Treating 'xìng' as a neutral tone instead of a sharp fourth tone.
Stressing the wrong syllable in a way that breaks the flow of the compound noun.

難易度

読解 3/5

Characters are medium difficulty; meaning is abstract but common.

ライティング 4/5

Writing '适应' and '性' correctly requires practice with strokes.

スピーキング 3/5

Three fourth tones in a row can be tiring for the mouth.

リスニング 2/5

Very distinct sound, easy to pick out in a sentence.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

适 (fit) 应 (respond) 性 (nature) 习惯 (habit) 改变 (change)

次に学ぶ

灵活性 (flexibility) 韧性 (resilience) 进化 (evolution) 应变 (react to change) 调适 (adjust)

上級

主观能动性 (subjective initiative) 兼容并蓄 (inclusive) 随方就圆 (adaptable to circumstances)

知っておくべき文法

Noun Suffix '性' (xìng)

适应 (adapt) + 性 = 适应性 (adaptability). Similarly, 重要 (important) + 性 = 重要性 (importance).

The '对...的' Structure

对 (towards) + 环境 (environment) + 的 (possessive) + 适应性 = Environmental adaptability.

Using '具有' (jù yǒu) for Abstract Qualities

他具有很强的适应性。 (He possesses strong adaptability.)

Degree Adverbs with Nouns

While you can't say '很适应性', you can say '很有适应性' (have much adaptability).

Resultative Complement with '适应'

适应了 (adapted to). Note that '适应性' cannot take '了'.

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レベル別の例文

他很有适应性。

He has a lot of adaptability.

Uses '很有' to describe a quality.

小猫的适应性很强。

The kitten's adaptability is very strong.

Uses '很强' to modify the noun.

适应性很重要。

Adaptability is very important.

Simple subject-adjective sentence.

你的适应性好吗？

Is your adaptability good?

Basic question structure.

老师说我有适应性。

The teacher said I have adaptability.

Simple reported speech.

这种花的适应性不好。

This flower's adaptability is not good.

Negative description.

我们需要适应性。

We need adaptability.

Simple verb-object structure.

适应性是什么？

What is adaptability?

Basic 'what is' question.

在新的公司，他展现了良好的适应性。

In the new company, he showed good adaptability.

Uses '展现' (show/exhibit) with the noun.

为了去旅行，你需要很强的适应性。

To go traveling, you need very strong adaptability.

Uses '为了' (in order to) to show purpose.

这种植物的适应性让它能在沙漠生长。

This plant's adaptability allows it to grow in the desert.

Subject is a possessive phrase.

虽然环境变了，但他的适应性很快。

Although the environment changed, his adaptability was fast.

Uses '虽然...但...' (although... but...).

提高适应性对我们有好处。

Improving adaptability is good for us.

Gerund-like phrase as a subject.

我不确定我的适应性够不够强。

I'm not sure if my adaptability is strong enough.

Indirect question with '够不够'.

这里的气候需要很强的适应性。

The climate here requires very strong adaptability.

Uses '需要' (need/require).

他的适应性比我强多了。

His adaptability is much stronger than mine.

Comparison structure with '比'.

职场适应性是现代员工必备的素质。

Workplace adaptability is an essential quality for modern employees.

Uses '必备' (essential) and '素质' (quality).

我们必须增强对市场变化的适应性。

We must enhance our adaptability to market changes.

Uses '增强对...的' (enhance to...) structure.

这种软件的适应性非常广泛，适用于各种系统。

The adaptability of this software is very broad, suitable for various systems.

Uses '广泛' (broad) and '适用于' (applicable to).

心理适应性在面对压力时起着关键作用。

Psychological adaptability plays a key role when facing stress.

Uses '起着...作用' (plays a... role).

由于缺乏适应性，一些传统行业面临危机。

Due to a lack of adaptability, some traditional industries are facing crises.

Uses '由于' (due to) and '缺乏' (lack).

我们要培养孩子在不同环境下的适应性。

We need to cultivate children's adaptability in different environments.

Uses '培养' (cultivate/train).

该物种的适应性使其能够在极地生存。

The species' adaptability allows it to survive in the polar regions.

Uses '使其' (make it/allow it to).

这种管理模式的适应性还有待观察。

The adaptability of this management model remains to be seen.

Uses '有待' (remains to be/awaits).

企业的长期成功往往取决于其对环境的适应性。

A company's long-term success often depends on its adaptability to the environment.

Uses '取决于' (depends on).

这种新材料具有极佳的高温适应性。

This new material has excellent high-temperature adaptability.

Uses '具有' (possess) and '极佳' (excellent).

社会适应性评估是心理学研究的重要组成部分。

Social adaptability assessment is an important component of psychological research.

Uses '组成部分' (component part).

为了应对全球化，我们需要提高跨文化适应性。

To cope with globalization, we need to improve cross-cultural adaptability.

Uses '应对' (cope with/respond to).

该系统的自适应性能够根据用户需求自动调整。

The system's self-adaptability can automatically adjust based on user needs.

Uses '自适应性' (self-adaptability).

生物演化本质上是不断增强环境适应性的过程。

Biological evolution is essentially a process of constantly enhancing environmental adaptability.

Uses '本质上' (essentially) and '过程' (process).

缺乏适应性的政策往往难以在基层推行。

Policies lacking adaptability are often difficult to implement at the grassroots level.

Uses '基层' (grassroots) and '推行' (implement).

他的成功很大程度上归功于他极强的适应性。

His success is largely due to his extremely strong adaptability.

Uses '归功于' (be attributed to).

在动态复杂的系统中，适应性是维持稳定性的前提。

In dynamic and complex systems, adaptability is a prerequisite for maintaining stability.

Uses '动态' (dynamic) and '前提' (prerequisite).

文化适应性并非单向的同化，而是双向的互动。

Cultural adaptability is not a one-way assimilation, but a two-way interaction.

Uses '并非...而是...' (is not... but rather...).

该论文深入探讨了城市基础设施的韧性与适应性。

The paper explores the resilience and adaptability of urban infrastructure in depth.

Uses '深入探讨' (explore in depth).

在快速更迭的科技领域，适应性已成为核心竞争力。

In the rapidly changing field of technology, adaptability has become a core competency.

Uses '核心竞争力' (core competency).

我们需要反思这种教育模式对学生未来适应性的影响。

We need to reflect on the impact of this educational model on students' future adaptability.

Uses '反思' (reflect on) and '影响' (impact).

法律的滞后性往往会导致其社会适应性的下降。

The lagging nature of the law often leads to a decline in its social adaptability.

Uses '滞后性' (lagging nature) and '导致' (lead to).

这种算法的适应性通过机器学习得到了显著提升。

The adaptability of this algorithm has been significantly improved through machine learning.

Uses '显著' (significantly) and '机器学习' (machine learning).

全球气候治理需要各国展现出更高的政策适应性。

Global climate governance requires countries to show higher policy adaptability.

Uses '治理' (governance) and '政策' (policy).

生命的奇迹在于其面对极端环境时表现出的惊人适应性。

The miracle of life lies in the amazing adaptability it shows in the face of extreme environments.

Uses '在于' (lies in) and '表现出' (exhibit).

制度的适应性变迁是社会演化理论中的核心议题。

The adaptive change of institutions is a core issue in social evolutionary theory.

Uses '变迁' (change/transition) and '议题' (issue/topic).

这种美学风格在不同文化背景下展现出了极强的艺术适应性。

This aesthetic style has shown extremely strong artistic adaptability in different cultural contexts.

Uses '美学风格' (aesthetic style).

我们需要构建一个具备高度适应性的自组织网络。

We need to build a self-organizing network with high adaptability.

Uses '构建' (construct) and '自组织' (self-organizing).

这种哲学观点强调了人类主观能动性与环境适应性的统一。

This philosophical view emphasizes the unity of human subjective initiative and environmental adaptability.

Uses '主观能动性' (subjective initiative) and '统一' (unity).

在全球贸易摩擦背景下，供应链的适应性显得尤为重要。

Against the backdrop of global trade frictions, the adaptability of supply chains appears particularly important.

Uses '背景下' (against the backdrop) and '尤为' (especially).

该文学作品深刻揭示了人在命运剧变中的心理适应性过程。

The literary work profoundly reveals the process of psychological adaptability of people during dramatic changes in fate.

Uses '揭示' (reveal) and '剧变' (dramatic change).

通过优化算法，我们提升了控制系统对非线性扰动的适应性。

By optimizing the algorithm, we improved the control system's adaptability to non-linear perturbations.

Uses '非线性扰动' (non-linear perturbation).

類義語

顺应性兼容性灵活性调节性

反対語

僵化呆板

よく使う組み合わせ

很强的适应性

提高适应性

环境适应性

职场适应性

缺乏适应性

心理适应性

自适应性

展现适应性

社会适应性

增强适应性

よく使うフレーズ

环境适应性

— The ability to adjust to physical or social surroundings.

这种植物有极强的环境适应性。

职场适应性

— The ability to adjust to a new work environment or role.

面试官会测试你的职场适应性。

心理适应性

— The psychological capacity to handle stress and change.

提高心理适应性可以减少焦虑。

学习适应性

— The ability to adjust to new learning methods or subjects.

大学生的学习适应性各不相同。

文化适应性

— The capacity to adjust to a different culture or society.

跨国公司注重员工的文化适应性。

自适应性

— A system's ability to adjust itself automatically.

该算法具有自适应性。

社会适应性

— The ability to integrate into social groups and norms.

教育的目标之一是培养社会适应性。

技术适应性

— The ability to adjust to new technologies or tools.

老一辈人的技术适应性通常较弱。

生存适应性

— Adaptability specifically related to survival in nature.

这是生物进化中的生存适应性。

政策适应性

— A policy's ability to be effective in different situations.

政策适应性关系到治理效果。

よく混同される語

适应性 vs 适应 (shì yìng)

A verb meaning 'to adapt.' 适应性 is the noun meaning 'adaptability.'

适应性 vs 灵活性 (líng huó xìng)

Means 'flexibility.' Focuses on ease of change rather than survival/fit.

适应性 vs 兼容性 (jiān róng xìng)

Means 'compatibility.' Focuses on working together without changing.

慣用句と表現

"适者生存"

— Survival of the fittest. The core principle of evolutionary adaptability.

在大自然中，适者生存是铁律。

Formal/Literary

"随遇而安"

— To feel at home wherever one is. Describes a person with high adaptability.

他这个人随遇而安，到哪都能生活。

Neutral

"入乡随俗"

— When in Rome, do as the Romans do. Cultural adaptability.

出国旅游要懂得入乡随俗。

Neutral

"随机应变"

— To act according to changing circumstances. Immediate adaptability.

面对突发状况，我们需要随机应变。

Neutral

"顺势而为"

— To act according to the trend. Strategic adaptability.

明智的领导者懂得顺势而为。

Formal

"因地制宜"

— To act according to local conditions. Practical adaptability.

发展经济要坚持因地制宜的原则。

Formal

"与时俱进"

— To keep pace with the times. Temporal adaptability.

我们的观念必须与时俱进。

Formal/Political

"通权达变"

— To be adaptable to circumstances and not stick to rules.

在特殊时期，必须通权达变。

Literary

"见风使舵"

— To trim one's sails to the wind. Often negative, implying unprincipled adaptability.

他这种见风使舵的人不可信任。

Informal/Negative

"变则通，通则久"

— Change leads to solutions, solutions lead to longevity. Philosophical adaptability.

古人云：变则通，通则久。

Literary

間違えやすい

适应性 vs 习惯 (xí guàn)

Both involve getting used to something.

习惯 is a habit or the process of getting used to something; 适应性 is the capacity to change and fit.

我习惯了早起 (I'm used to waking up early) vs. 我的适应性很强 (I have strong adaptability).

适应性 vs 顺应 (shùn yìng)

Similar characters and meaning.

顺应 often implies following a trend or obeying; 适应 implies a functional adjustment.

顺应潮流 (follow the trend) vs. 适应环境 (adapt to the environment).

适应性 vs 变通 (biàn tōng)

Both involve changing to fit a situation.

变通 is usually about finding a workaround or being flexible with rules; 适应性 is a broader capacity.

他很懂得变通 (He knows how to be flexible/find workarounds).

适应性 vs 韧性 (rèn xìng)

Both are positive traits for handling change.

韧性 is resilience (bouncing back); 适应性 is adjusting (changing to fit).

这种材料很有韧性 (This material is very resilient).

适应性 vs 弹性 (tán xìng)

Both imply a lack of rigidity.

弹性 is literally elasticity or metaphorical flexibility in time/rules.

弹性工作制 (Flexible working hours).

文型パターン

A + 很有 + 适应性。

他很有适应性。

A + 的 + 适应性 + 很强。

这里的植物适应性很强。

提高 + 对...的 + 适应性。

我们要提高对新环境的适应性。

A + 取决于 + B 的适应性。

成功取决于你的适应性。

在...背景下，...的适应性尤为重要。

在全球化背景下，文化适应性尤为重要。

探讨...与...适应性的内在联系。

探讨制度变迁与社会适应性的内在联系。

由于缺乏...适应性，导致了...。

由于缺乏市场适应性，导致了产品失败。

展现出惊人的...适应性。

这种昆虫展现出惊人的环境适应性。

語族

名詞

适应 (adaptation/process)

适应性 (adaptability/quality)

适者 (the one who adapts)

動詞

适应 (to adapt)

调适 (to adjust/reconcile)

形容詞

适应性的 (adaptive)

合适的 (suitable)

适当的 (appropriate)

使い方

frequency

High frequency in professional, academic, and news contexts.

よくある間違い

他适应性很快。 → 他的适应性很强。
In Chinese, adaptability is usually described as 'strong' (强) rather than 'fast' (快), although 'fast' can be used with the verb '适应'.
我需要适应性新工作。 → 我需要适应新工作。
You cannot use the noun '适应性' as a verb. Use the verb '适应' instead.
适应性的能力 → 适应能力 / 适应性
This is redundant. '性' already implies a capacity or nature. Choose one or the other.
适应性对寒冷 → 对寒冷的适应性
The target of the adaptation must come before the noun using the '对...的' structure.
他是适应性的人。 → 他是一个适应性很强的人。
In Chinese, you usually need a full noun phrase with '很强' to describe a person as 'adaptable.'

ヒント

Use it as a Noun

Always remember that 适应性 is a noun. Don't try to use it as a verb. If you want to say 'I am adapting,' use '我在适应' (Wǒ zài shì yìng).

Pair with '强' (Strong)

The most common adjective to describe 适应性 is '强' (qiáng). '适应性强' is almost a set phrase in Chinese for 'highly adaptable.'

Job Interviews

Mentioning your '职场适应性' (workplace adaptability) is a great way to impress Chinese recruiters, as it shows you are a low-maintenance, high-value employee.

Biological Context

When reading about nature or science, '环境适应性' (environmental adaptability) is the key term for how animals and plants survive.

Abstract Suffix

Learn the suffix '性' (xìng). Once you know it means '-ity' or '-ness,' you can understand many other words like '重要性' (importance) and '可能性' (possibility).

Tone Accuracy

Listen for the three falling tones. It sounds very rhythmic. Practicing these tones will help you recognize the word in fast speech.

Mental Health

'心理适应性' is a common term in Chinese mental health discussions. It refers to one's ability to cope with life's ups and downs.

Adaptability vs. Flexibility

Use '适应性' for long-term environmental fit and '灵活性' for short-term choices or rule-bending.

The 'Fit-Response' Nature

Break it down: 适 (Fit) + 应 (Response) + 性 (Nature). Adaptability is the 'Nature of Fitting and Responding'.

Be Like Water

Connect the word to the Chinese philosophical ideal of being flexible like water. This will help you remember its positive connotation.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Think of 'SHI' (fit) like a 'SHoe,' 'YING' (respond) like a 'Ying-Yang' balance, and 'XING' (nature) like a 'X-factor' quality. Adaptability is the 'Shoe-Ying-X-factor'!

視覚的連想

Imagine a chameleon changing colors. The chameleon is the entity, and its color-changing 'X-factor' is its 适应性.

Word Web

适应 (Adapt) 环境 (Environment) 改变 (Change) 生存 (Survival) 能力 (Ability) 进化 (Evolution) 职场 (Workplace) 心理 (Psychology)

チャレンジ

Try to use '适应性' in a sentence describing your favorite animal today. Then try to use it to describe your progress in learning Chinese.

語源

The word is a modern compound. '适' (shì) originally meant 'to go to' and later 'to fit.' '应' (yìng) originally meant 'to answer' or 'to respond.' '性' (xìng) is a classical suffix for nature or property.

元の意味： The quality of fitting and responding to an external situation.

Sino-Tibetan (Mandarin Chinese).

文化的な背景

Be careful not to confuse 'adaptability' with 'submissiveness.' In a political or social context, '适应' can sometimes imply conforming to a system you might disagree with.

In English, 'adaptability' is often viewed through the lens of individual success and Darwinian survival. In Chinese, it also carries a sense of social harmony—adapting to the group.

Darwin's 'Origin of Species' translations in China. Bruce Lee's 'Be water, my friend' philosophy. Business books like 'Who Moved My Cheese?' (极受欢迎 in China).

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

Job Interviews

我具有很强的职场适应性。
如何提高团队的适应性？
你对新环境的适应性如何？
我们需要适应性强的人才。

Science & Nature

生物的进化与适应性。
环境适应性是生存的关键。
这种物种具有极强的适应性。
观察动物的适应性行为。

Technology

提高软件的系统适应性。
自适应性算法的优势。
测试硬件的适应性。
该产品具有良好的市场适应性。

Psychology

心理适应性量表。
提高个体的社会适应性。
面对压力时的心理适应性。
儿童的学校适应性问题。

Climate Change

城市的气候适应性规划。
增强农业对干旱的适应性。
全球适应性目标。
评估基础设施的适应性。

会話のきっかけ

"你觉得在国外生活，最需要的适应性是什么？"

"在你的职业生涯中，哪次变动最考验你的适应性？"

"你认为现在的教育系统是否在培养学生的适应性？"

"为什么有些企业在面对市场变化时缺乏适应性？"

"你觉得自己是一个适应性很强的人吗？为什么？"

日記のテーマ

写一段话描述你如何适应一个新的环境，并评价你的适应性。

讨论在人工智能时代，人类最需要的适应性是什么。

描述一种你认为适应性最强的动物，并说明理由。

回顾一次你失败的经历，分析是否是因为缺乏适应性。

想象未来的世界，人类需要什么样的适应性才能生存？

よくある質問

10 問

Yes, in almost all contexts, having high 适应性 (adaptability) is considered a positive and valuable trait. It implies resilience, intelligence, and the ability to survive and thrive. However, in some philosophical or political contexts, over-adaptability might be criticized as a lack of principle.

Absolutely. You can say '他是一个适应性很强的人' (He is a person with strong adaptability). It is a common way to praise someone's ability to handle new jobs, cultures, or challenges.

适应 is a verb (to adapt). Example: '我适应了这里' (I have adapted to this place). 适应性 is a noun (adaptability). Example: '我的适应性很好' (My adaptability is good). You cannot use the noun where a verb is needed.

You use the prefix '自' (zì - self), forming '自适应' (zì shì yìng) as an adjective or '自适应性' (zì shì yìng xìng) as a noun. This is very common in computer science and engineering.

There isn't a direct slang noun, but people might use '变通' (biàn tōng) or '吃得开' (chī de kāi - to be popular/adaptable in social circles) to express similar ideas informally.

Yes, it is often used for software, machines, and materials. For example, '这种材料对高温的适应性' (the adaptability of this material to high temperatures).

The most common antonyms are 僵化 (jiāng huà - rigid/fossilized), 死板 (sǐ bǎn - stiff/inflexible), and 脆弱 (cuì ruò - fragile).

In psychology, it is measured using '心理适应性量表' (Psychological Adaptability Scales). In business, it's measured by market response and survival rates.

Yes, '适应性' is the standard term used in Chinese translations of Darwin's theories to describe how species survive through environmental fit.

It is generally considered a B1 (Intermediate) level word because while the concept is simple, the usage in formal and abstract contexts is more advanced.

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