B2 verb ニュートラル 1分で読める

咀嚼

zuǐjiáo /tɕyɛ̌ tɕyɛ̌/

Chew food physically or ponder ideas mentally.

30秒でわかる単語

  • Chew food with teeth, break it down.
  • Figuratively, ponder or digest information deeply.
  • Essential for eating and understanding.

**概述 (Overview)**

“咀嚼” (jǔjué) 是一个常用的中文动词,字面意思是“用牙齿磨碎食物”。这个动作是进食过程中必不可少的一步,通过咀嚼,食物被分解成更小的颗粒,更容易消化。除了字面意义,它还引申出更广泛的含义,指对信息、思想、情感或经历进行反复的思考、体会和消化,如同品味食物一般。

**用法模式 (Usage Patterns)**

“咀嚼”主要有两种用法:

  • 字面意义: 用于描述吃东西时用牙齿将食物弄碎的动作。
  • 例:他慢慢地咀嚼着口中的食物。
  • 引申意义: 用于描述对抽象事物进行深入思考、品味或消化。
  • 例:她需要时间来咀嚼这些信息。

“咀嚼”可以接名词作为宾语,宾语可以是具体的食物,也可以是抽象的事物(如信息、话语、道理、情感等)。

**常见语境 (Common Contexts)**

  • 饮食: 在描述吃饭、进食的场景时,常会用到“咀嚼”。例如,“细嚼慢咽”是一个成语,强调慢慢咀嚼食物的重要性。
  • 学习与思考: 在讨论学习、阅读、听讲或思考问题时,“咀嚼”可以用来形容深入理解和消化的过程。例如,老师可能鼓励学生“仔细咀嚼”课文中的道理。
  • 情感与体验: 在描述感受某种情感或经历某种事件后,需要时间去体会和消化时,也会用到“咀嚼”。例如,失恋后,他需要时间来咀嚼这份痛苦。

**近义词比较 (Similar Words Comparison)**

  • 咬 (yǎo): “咬”强调用牙齿施加压力的动作,可以是短暂的,不一定是为了磨碎食物。例如,“咬一口苹果”,“咬住不放”。“咀嚼”则更侧重于反复磨碎的动作。
  • 品味 (pǐnwèi): “品味”多用于形容品尝食物的味道,或者欣赏艺术、文学作品,侧重于感受其细微之处。“咀嚼”在引申义上与“品味”有相似之处,都包含深入理解和体会,但“咀嚼”更强调“消化”和“吸收”的过程,而“品味”更侧重于“欣赏”和“感受”。
  • 琢磨 (zuómo): “琢磨”指反复思考,深入研究。“咀嚼”在引申义上可以包含“琢磨”的意思,但“琢磨”更强调分析和推敲,而“咀嚼”更强调吸收和内化。

例文

1

请放慢速度,好好咀嚼每一口食物。

everyday

Please slow down and chew each bite of food properly.

2

他需要一些时间来咀嚼这个突如其来的消息。

informal

He needs some time to digest this sudden news.

3

这本哲学著作内容深刻,需要反复咀嚼才能领会其精髓。

academic

This philosophical work is profound and requires repeated pondering to grasp its essence.

4

我们应该鼓励学生主动思考,而不是被动地接受信息,要学会咀嚼知识。

formal

We should encourage students to think actively rather than passively receive information; they need to learn to chew knowledge.

よく使う組み合わせ

细嚼慢咽 Chew slowly and thoroughly
咀嚼信息 Ponder information
咀嚼滋味 Savor the taste (literal or figurative)
咀嚼道理 Ponder the reason/logic

よく使うフレーズ

细嚼慢咽

Chew slowly and thoroughly

慢慢咀嚼

Chew slowly

咀嚼滋味

Savor the taste/experience

よく混同される語

咀嚼 vs 咬 (yǎo)

'咬' (bite) is a more general action of using teeth, which can be a single, quick action. '咀嚼' (chew) specifically refers to the repetitive grinding of food with teeth to break it down, a more prolonged process.

咀嚼 vs 品味 (pǐnwèi)

'品味' (savor, appreciate) often relates to enjoying the taste of food or appreciating art/literature. While it shares the figurative sense of deep consideration with '咀嚼', '咀嚼' emphasizes the process of internalizing and digesting, whereas '品味' focuses more on enjoyment and appreciation.

文法パターン

动词 + 名词 (具体食物) 动词 + 名词 (抽象事物) 细 + 动词 + 慢 + 动词 (成语)

How to Use It

使い方のコツ

The verb '咀嚼' is versatile. Its literal meaning is straightforward for eating. The figurative meaning is common in contexts discussing learning, understanding complex ideas, or processing emotional experiences. It implies a deliberate and thorough process.


よくある間違い

Confusing the literal meaning of 'chewing food' with the figurative meaning of 'pondering'. Ensure the context makes it clear whether physical chewing or mental digestion is intended. Overusing the figurative sense in very casual conversation might sound slightly unnatural.

Tips

💡

Chew thoroughly for better digestion

Chewing food well not only aids digestion but also allows you to better savor the flavors. Remember this for both literal eating and figurative understanding.

⚠️

Avoid literal interpretation

While 'chew' is literal, its figurative use for thinking is common. Ensure context clarifies whether you mean eating or pondering.

🌍

Health and mindfulness

In Chinese culture, '细嚼慢咽' (chew slowly and thoroughly) is often advised for health and mindfulness, reflecting a value placed on deliberate action.

語源

The character '咀' originally depicted a mouth with teeth, and '嚼' also relates to the action of chewing. Together, they form a strong visual representation of the physical act of mastication.

文化的な背景

The idiom '细嚼慢咽' (chew slowly and thoroughly) is often taught as a principle for healthy eating and living, reflecting a cultural emphasis on mindfulness and deliberate action in all aspects of life.

覚え方のコツ

Imagine 'chewing' on a difficult idea like you would chew tough meat – slowly, breaking it down piece by piece until it's digestible.

よくある質問

4 問

“咬”是指用牙齿施加压力,可以是短暂的,不一定是为了磨碎食物。而“咀嚼”特指用牙齿反复磨碎食物,是一个持续的动作。

是的,“咀嚼”可以引申为对信息、思想或经历进行深入的思考和消化,如同品味食物一样。

在描述快速吃东西或不经思考就接受信息时,不适合使用“咀嚼”。它强调的是一个需要时间和过程的动作。

“细嚼慢咽”是一个成语,意思是吃东西时慢慢地、充分地咀嚼,不要狼吞虎咽。它也常用来比喻做事稳重,不急于求成。

自分をテスト

fill blank

我们需要时间来______这些复杂的概念。

正解! おしい! 正解: A

“咀嚼”在此处是引申义,指深入思考和理解复杂概念。

multiple choice

他坐在那里,似乎在______那些往事。

正解! おしい! 正解: B

“咀嚼”在这里比喻对过去的经历进行反复的回味和思考。

sentence building

造句:

正解! おしい! 正解: B

选项B使用了“咀嚼”的引申义,指深入理解课文的深层含义,符合题目要求。

スコア: /3

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