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A2 noun ニュートラル 3分で読める

提案

ti an tí'àn
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Overview

The Chinese word '提案' (tí'àn) is a versatile term that primarily refers to a 'proposal,' 'motion,' or 'suggestion.' It's often used in formal contexts, such as meetings, legislative bodies, or academic discussions, where ideas or plans are put forward for consideration, debate, and potential adoption.

Breaking Down the Characters:

  • 提 (tí): This character means 'to put forward,' 'to raise,' 'to mention,' or 'to propose.' It conveys the action of presenting something for others to see or consider.
  • 案 (àn): This character has several meanings, including 'case,' 'record,' 'plan,' 'table,' or 'desk.' In the context of '提案,' it refers to a document, a plan, or a specific matter being brought up for discussion.

Usage and Contexts:

  1. 1Legislative or Political Contexts: In politics, '提案' is commonly used to describe a legislative bill, a motion in a parliamentary setting, or a formal proposal made by a representative. For example, a '议案' (yì'àn) is a legislative bill, which is a type of '提案'.
  1. 1Business and Organizational Contexts: In business, '提案' can refer to a business proposal, a project proposal, or a suggestion put forward in a meeting. Companies might submit '商业提案' (shāngyè tí'àn – business proposal) to potential clients or partners. Internally, employees might present '工作提案' (gōngzuò tí'àn – work proposal) to their superiors.
  1. 1Academic and Research Contexts: In academia, '提案' can be a research proposal, a thesis proposal, or a suggestion for a new course or program. Students might submit '研究提案' (yánjiū tí'àn – research proposal) for their projects.
  1. 1General Suggestions and Ideas: More broadly, '提案' can simply mean a suggestion or an idea that someone offers. For example, you might say '我有一个提案' (wǒ yǒu yī gè tí'àn – I have a suggestion) when you want to offer an idea in a less formal setting, though '建议' (jiànyì – suggestion/advice) is often more common for casual suggestions.

Examples of Usage:

  • 他们向委员会提交了一项新的提案。 (Tāmen xiàng wěiyuánhuì tíjiāole yī xiàng xīn de tí'àn.) - They submitted a new proposal to the committee.
  • 这个提案在会议上引起了激烈的讨论。 (Zhège tí'àn zài huìyì shàng yǐnqǐle jīliè de tǎolùn.) - This proposal sparked a heated discussion at the meeting.
  • 我们正在准备一份详细的合作提案。 (Wǒmen zhèngzài zhǔnbèi yī fèn xiángxì de hézuò tí'àn.) - We are preparing a detailed cooperation proposal.

Related Terms:

  • 建议 (jiànyì): Suggestion, advice (often more general and less formal).
  • 方案 (fāng'àn): Plan, scheme, program (refers to a complete and detailed plan).
  • 议案 (yì'àn): Bill, motion (specifically in a legislative or parliamentary context).

In essence, '提案' encapsulates the act of presenting a structured idea or plan for formal consideration, making it a key term in communication related to decision-making and planning processes.

例文

1

这个提案需要大家的支持才能通过。

会议, 讨论

This proposal needs everyone's support to pass.

2

他提出了一个很有趣的提案，关于如何改进工作效率。

工作, 讨论

He put forward a very interesting suggestion on how to improve work efficiency.

3

政府正在考虑一项关于环境保护的新提案。

政策, 立法

The government is considering a new motion on environmental protection.

4

我们公司每年都会收到很多关于产品改进的提案。

商业, 创新

Our company receives many suggestions for product improvement every year.

5

这份提案详细阐述了项目的目标和实施步骤。

项目管理, 计划

This proposal elaborates on the project's goals and implementation steps.

よく使う組み合わせ

提出提案
通过提案
否决提案
修改提案

よく混同される語

提案 対 提按
提按 (tí'àn) refers to the lifting and pressing strokes in Chinese calligraphy, while 提案 (tí'àn) means proposal or motion.

文法パターン

提出提案 (tíchū tí'àn) 通过提案 (tōngguò tí'àn) 否决提案 (fǒujué tí'àn)

使い方

使い方のコツ

When using '提案', it's important to consider the formality of the context. It's generally employed in situations that require a certain degree of seriousness and structure, such as submitting a formal document, presenting an idea in a meeting, or making a suggestion that requires official consideration. For informal suggestions or casual ideas among friends, other terms like '主意' (zhǔyì - idea) or '建议' (jiànyì - suggestion) would be more appropriate. '提案' often implies a more comprehensive and detailed proposition, as opposed to a fleeting thought. It can be used as both a noun (e.g., '提交一份提案' - to submit a proposal) and a verb (e.g., '他提案了新的方案' - he proposed a new plan). When used as a verb, it usually takes an object, indicating what is being proposed. It is frequently seen in conjunction with verbs like '提出' (tíchū - to put forward), '提交' (tíjiāo - to submit), or '通过' (tōngguò - to pass/approve). Understanding the weight and formality associated with '提案' helps in selecting the most fitting term for communication in various Chinese contexts.

よくある間違い

A common mistake might be confusing 提案 (tí'àn) with 建议 (jiànyì), which also means 'suggestion' or 'recommendation.' While both involve putting forward ideas, 提案 (tí'àn) often implies a more formal, structured, or official proposition, like a legislative motion or a business proposal. 建议 (jiànyì) is more general and can be a casual suggestion. Another potential mistake could be mispronouncing the tones, especially the second tone for 提 (tí) and the fourth tone for 案 (àn). Practicing these tones is crucial to distinguish it from other words with similar sounds but different meanings.

ヒント

💡

Formal contexts:

Use 提案 (tí'àn) when referring to a formal proposal, such as a legislative bill, a motion in a meeting, or a business proposal. For example, '议案' (yì'àn) refers to a legislative bill, which is a type of 提案. Similarly, '提案人' (tí'ànrén) means 'proposer' or 'sponsor', indicating the person who puts forward the formal suggestion. Example: 这个新提案将在下周的会议上讨论。 (Zhège xīn tí'àn jiāng zài xià zhōu de huìyì shàng tǎolùn.) - This new proposal will be discussed at next week's meeting.
💡

Distinguishing from similar terms:

While 提案 (tí'àn) can be translated as 'suggestion', it often carries a more formal or structured connotation than a general 'suggestion' like 建议 (jiànyì). 建议 can be a casual piece of advice, whereas 提案 implies a more thought-out and often written submission. Example: 我对这个项目有一些建议，但我还没有准备好提交一份正式的提案。 (Wǒ duì zhège xiàngmù yǒu yīxiē jiànyì, dàn wǒ hái méiyǒu zhǔnbèi hǎo tíjiāo yī fèn zhèngshì de tí'àn.) - I have some suggestions for this project, but I haven't prepared a formal proposal yet.
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Common usage:

提案 is frequently used in political, business, and academic settings. It can refer to a plan put forward for consideration, a resolution, or a submission. The verb form '提出提案' (tíchū tí'àn) means 'to put forward a proposal' or 'to make a motion'. Example: 公司正在考虑我们提出的市场营销提案。 (Gōngsī zhèngzài kǎolǜ wǒmen tíchū de shìchǎng yíngxiāo tí'àn.) - The company is considering our marketing proposal.

語源

The Chinese word '提案' (tí'àn) is a compound word formed from two characters: '提' (tí) and '案' (àn). '提' (tí) has a rich history and multiple meanings. Its earliest forms can be traced back to oracle bone inscriptions from the Shang Dynasty (c. 1600–1046 BC), where it often depicted a hand holding something. Over time, its meanings evolved to include 'to lift,' 'to carry,' 'to put forward,' 'to mention,' and 'to bring up.' In the context of '提案,' '提' carries the sense of 'to put forward' or 'to bring up' an idea or a suggestion. '案' (àn) also has ancient origins, appearing in bronze inscriptions from the Western Zhou Dynasty (c. 1046–771 BC). Initially, it referred to a small table or stand, often used for reading or writing. From this concrete meaning, it gradually developed more abstract senses, including 'case,' 'record,' 'document,' 'plan,' 'scheme,' and 'suggestion.' In legal and administrative contexts, '案' came to denote a written record, a file, or a case under consideration. In '提案,' '案' signifies a 'plan,' 'suggestion,' or a 'matter for consideration.' Therefore, the combination of '提' (to put forward) and '案' (a plan/suggestion/matter for consideration) naturally forms '提案,' meaning 'to put forward a plan or suggestion,' hence 'proposal' or 'motion.' The usage of '提案' in its modern sense became more prevalent during the late Qing Dynasty and early Republican era (late 19th to early 20th centuries), as China engaged with Western political and legal systems. Concepts like 'proposals' and 'motions' in legislative bodies and organizations became more common, and '提案' emerged as the standard term to convey these ideas. Its structure perfectly reflects the act of formally presenting an idea or a plan for discussion and decision-making.

文化的な背景

The word '提案' (tí'àn) in Chinese broadly refers to a proposal, motion, or a suggestion presented for consideration. Its cultural context is deeply rooted in formal and semi-formal settings, particularly in governmental, corporate, and academic environments. In a governmental context, '提案' is a crucial part of legislative processes, where representatives submit formal proposals for new laws or policies. This signifies a structured approach to problem-solving and decision-making, emphasizing collective deliberation and consensus-building. In corporate settings, it can be a business proposal, a project plan, or an idea put forward for approval, reflecting a hierarchical structure where ideas are formally presented for review by superiors or committees. Academically, it might refer to a research proposal or a thesis proposal, highlighting the structured nature of academic inquiry. The act of making a '提案' often implies careful preparation, research, and a clear articulation of ideas, underscoring the value placed on thoughtful contributions and well-reasoned arguments in Chinese culture. It also reflects a cultural emphasis on process and procedure when introducing new ideas or changes.

覚え方のコツ

Visualize a 'proposal' as a detailed 'plan' being 'put forward' for 'consideration.' The character 提 (tí) means 'to put forward' or 'to mention,' like raising an idea. 案 (àn) means 'case,' 'record,' or 'plan.' So, literally, it's like a 'put-forward plan.' Imagine someone holding a scroll with a plan on it, 'proposing' it. For pronunciation, remember 'tee-ahn,' where 'tee' is like 'tea' and 'ahn' is like 'on' with a slight 'h' sound.

よくある質問

4 問
'提案' (tí'àn) is a Chinese word that translates to 'proposal,' 'motion,' 'plan,' or 'suggestion.' It refers to a formal or informal presentation of an idea, scheme, or course of action for consideration, discussion, or adoption. This can range from a legislative proposal in a government body to a business proposal put forth by a company, or even a personal suggestion within a group discussion. The core meaning revolves around putting something forward to be thought about and potentially acted upon by others.
'提案' (tí'àn) is commonly used in various formal and informal settings. In governmental or organizational contexts, it might refer to a bill, resolution, or motion brought before a legislative assembly, a committee, or a board of directors. In business, it often describes a detailed document outlining a project, product, or service to a potential client or investor. On a more casual level, it can simply mean a suggestion or idea offered during a brainstorming session or a group discussion to achieve a particular goal or solve a problem. It emphasizes the act of putting an idea forward for consideration.
While '提案' (tí'àn) specifically means 'proposal' or 'motion,' several related terms can sometimes be used depending on the context. '建议' (jiànyì) means 'suggestion' or 'recommendation,' which is often less formal than '提案.' '计划' (jìhuà) means 'plan,' referring to a more developed course of action. '议案' (yì'àn) specifically refers to a 'bill' or 'motion' in a legislative sense, often more formal and official than '提案.' '方案' (fāng'àn) means 'scheme' or 'solution,' often outlining a practical approach to a problem. Each of these terms carries slightly different nuances in formality and scope compared to '提案.'
Certainly. Here's an example: '他向公司提出了一个关于市场拓展的创新提案。' (Tā xiàng gōngsī tíchū le yīgè guānyú shìchǎng tuòzhǎn de chuàngxīn tí'àn.) This sentence translates to: 'He put forward an innovative proposal to the company regarding market expansion.' This illustrates '提案' being used in a business context to describe a new idea presented for consideration. Another example could be: '这次会议的主要议题是审议一项新的环境保护提案。' (Zhè cì huìyì de zhǔyào yìtí shì shěnyì yī xiàng xīn de huánjìng bǎohù tí'àn.) This means: 'The main agenda of this meeting is to deliberate on a new environmental protection proposal,' highlighting its use in a more formal setting.

自分をテスト

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公司会议上，他提出了一个关于市场扩展的______。

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
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这项新______在大会上得到了广泛的讨论和支持。

正解！ おしい！ 正解:
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我们正在等待董事会批准我们的项目______。

正解！ おしい！ 正解:

スコア： /3

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