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B1 noun #1,500 よく出る 9分で読める

规模

guimo 上位1,500

練習する例文メモとヒント规模 30秒で

解説规模 in your Level:

At the A1 level, you don't need to use '规模' (guīmó) often, but it's good to recognize it. Think of it as a fancy way to say 'big' or 'small' for things like schools, companies, or parties. Instead of just saying 'The school is big' (学校很大), you might hear 'The school's scale is big' (学校的规模很大). It helps you describe the total size of an organization. Just remember: 规模 = scale. If you see '大规模', it means 'large scale.' If you see '小规模', it means 'small scale.' It's like talking about a big Lego set versus a small one. You use it for groups of things or big projects, not for your own height or the size of an apple.

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At the A2 level, you can start using '规模' (guīmó) to talk about your workplace or your city. It's a noun that describes the 'extent' or 'size' of something organized. For example, if you work in a big company, you can say '我的公司规模很大' (My company's scale is very large). You will often see it in simple news stories about '大规模' (large-scale) events like festivals or sports games. It's different from '大' (big) because '大' is an adjective, but '规模' is the noun for 'size' or 'scale.' Think of it as the difference between saying 'The party is big' and 'The scale of the party is big.' It sounds a bit more formal and precise.

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At the B1 level, '规模' (guīmó) becomes a very useful word for discussing business, society, and projects. You should know common phrases like '扩大规模' (kuòdà guīmó - expand the scale) and '缩小规模' (suōxiǎo guīmó - reduce the scale). It is used to describe the magnitude of an operation. For instance, in a discussion about the environment, you might talk about '大规模的污染' (large-scale pollution). In a business context, you might discuss the '经营规模' (scale of operations). You should also be able to distinguish it from '范围' (fànwéi - scope/range). While '范围' is about where something reaches, '规模' is about how much there is in total. It's a key word for describing the 'bigness' of systems.

At the B2 level, you should use '规模' (guīmó) with more sophisticated adjectives and in more complex sentence structures. You'll encounter terms like '规模经济' (guīmó jīngjì - economies of scale) and '初具规模' (chū jù guīmó - to begin to take shape). You should understand that '规模' isn't just about physical size; it can describe the intensity and reach of abstract things like '大规模的社会变迁' (large-scale social changes). You should also be comfortable using it as a modifier, such as in '规模效应' (scale effect). At this level, you should be able to explain why a project's scale is appropriate or not, using '规模' as a central part of your argument in essays or presentations.

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At the C1 level, '规模' (guīmó) is used to analyze structural and systemic issues. You will see it in academic journals and high-level economic reports. You should be able to use it to describe the 'magnitude' of complex phenomena, such as '宏观规模' (macro-scale) vs '微观规模' (micro-scale). You'll also encounter it in historical contexts, describing the '规模宏大' (grand scale) of ancient architecture or military campaigns. You should be sensitive to the register; using '规模' instead of simpler words shows a mastery of formal Chinese. You should also be able to use it in idiomatic-like structures, such as '规模之大，前所未有' (The scale is so large, it is unprecedented), to add emphasis and rhetorical weight to your speech or writing.

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At the C2 level, your understanding of '规模' (guīmó) should be nuanced and deeply integrated into your professional and academic vocabulary. You can use it to discuss the philosophical implications of 'scale' in systems theory or urban sociology. You understand its role in the '规模效应' (scale effect) within global markets and can debate the merits of '大规模生产' (mass production) versus '定制化生产' (customized production). You are also aware of its historical etymology—how the 'compass' (规) and 'mold' (模) combined to create a concept of standardized magnitude. Your usage is flawless, whether you are drafting a policy document or delivering a keynote speech on the '规模化发展' (scaled development) of emerging technologies.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

规模 30秒で

规模 (guīmó) is a noun meaning 'scale' or 'scope,' used for organizations, projects, and events.
Commonly paired as '大规模' (large-scale) or '小规模' (small-scale) to describe magnitude.
It is a formal word often found in business, news, and academic contexts.
Do not confuse it with '范围' (range) or '程度' (degree); it focuses on total volume.

The Chinese word 规模 (guīmó) is a foundational noun in Mandarin that translates to 'scale,' 'scope,' 'extent,' or 'dimensions.' At its core, it describes the magnitude or the physical and conceptual size of an entity, project, or phenomenon. Whether you are discussing the vastness of an ancient empire, the size of a modern tech startup, or the reach of a global marketing campaign, guīmó is the essential term for quantifying the 'bigness' or 'smallness' of an organized effort.

Etymological Roots: The character 规 (guī) originally referred to a compass used for drawing circles, symbolizing rules or standards. The character 模 (mó) refers to a mold or a pattern. Together, they suggest a 'standard pattern' or the 'template of size' that something adheres to.

这家工厂的规模非常宏大，雇佣了超过一万名员工。(The scale of this factory is very grand, employing over ten thousand workers.)

In a modern context, guīmó is frequently paired with adjectives like 宏大 (hóngdà - grand), 庞大 (pángdà - huge), or 有限 (yǒuxiàn - limited). It doesn't just refer to physical size; it can also describe the breadth of an abstract concept, such as the scale of an economic crisis or the scope of a scientific investigation. Understanding guīmó is crucial for moving from basic conversational Chinese to professional or academic proficiency.

Conceptual Reach: It encompasses both the quantitative (number of people, amount of money) and the qualitative (the impressive nature of the setup).

由于资金不足，他们不得不缩小了实验的规模。(Due to insufficient funds, they had to reduce the scale of the experiment.)

In business, guīmó is often used in the term '规模经济' (guīmó jīngjì), which means 'economies of scale.' This highlights how the word is used to discuss efficiency and growth. It is a neutral word, meaning it can describe something positively large or negatively overwhelming depending on the context. Its versatility makes it one of the most high-frequency nouns in news reports and corporate meetings.

Synonym Distinction: Unlike 范围 (fànwéi), which focuses on the 'range' or 'boundaries' of an area, 规模 focuses on the 'total volume' or 'magnitude' of the operation within those boundaries.

这次会议的规模超出了我们的预期。(The scale of this meeting exceeded our expectations.)

城市建设的规模正在不断扩大。(The scale of urban construction is constantly expanding.)

这种规模的投资需要非常谨慎。(An investment of this scale requires great caution.)

Using 规模 (guīmó) correctly requires understanding its common collocations and grammatical roles. As a noun, it usually functions as the object of a verb or the subject of a sentence, often modified by adjectives that describe size or quality.

Common Verbs: Typical verbs used with 规模 include 扩大 (kuòdà - expand), 缩小 (suōxiǎo - shrink), 限制 (xiànzhì - limit), and 达到 (dádào - reach).

公司计划在明年扩大生产规模。(The company plans to expand the scale of production next year.)

When describing the scale itself, you use specific adjectives. For very large scales, use 宏大 (hóngdà), 庞大 (pángdà), or 雄伟 (xióngwěi). For smaller scales, use 有限 (yǒuxiàn) or 较小 (jiào xiǎo). It is rare to use '大' or '小' alone without the noun unless it's the compound '大规模' or '小规模'.

As a Modifier: It can also act as an attributive, modifying other nouns. For example, '规模效应' (guīmó xiàoyìng - scale effect) or '规模生产' (guīmó shēngchǎn - mass production).

这次演习的规模是前所未有的。(The scale of this exercise is unprecedented.)

In professional writing, you will see it used to categorize businesses. '中等规模的企业' (zhōngděng guīmó de qǐyè) refers to medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). This classification is vital for understanding economic reports and government policies in China.

Quantifying Scale: While '规模' is a noun, it is often paired with specific numbers to give a concrete sense of size, such as '万人规模' (a scale of ten thousand people).

我们要控制城市发展的规模。(We need to control the scale of urban development.)

经过三年的建设，这个工业园已初具规模。(After three years of construction, this industrial park has begun to take shape.)

这种规模的活动需要精心的组织。(An event of this scale requires meticulous organization.)

You will encounter 规模 (guīmó) in a variety of formal and semi-formal contexts. It is a staple of news broadcasts, business negotiations, academic papers, and urban planning discussions. Its presence signals a focus on the structural or quantitative aspects of a subject.

In the News: News reports often use it to describe the impact of natural disasters or the reach of government initiatives. For example, '大规模降雨' (large-scale rainfall) or '大规模疫苗接种' (large-scale vaccination).

政府启动了有史以来最大规模的救援行动。(The government launched the largest-scale rescue operation in history.)

In the corporate world, guīmó is used during quarterly earnings calls or strategy meetings. Managers discuss '扩大经营规模' (expanding the scale of operations) to increase market share. It is also common in the tech industry when discussing 'scaling up' a platform to handle more users.

Academic and Scientific Contexts: Researchers use it to define the scope of their studies. '本研究的规模较小' (The scale of this study is relatively small) is a common way to state limitations in a paper.

科学家们正在研究气候变化对全球规模生态系统的影响。(Scientists are studying the impact of climate change on global-scale ecosystems.)

In daily life, you might hear it when people talk about weddings, parties, or renovations. '婚礼的规模很大' (The wedding scale is large) implies a lot of guests and a grand venue. It moves the conversation from just 'big' to 'formally organized and large.'

Urban Planning: Terms like '城市规模' (city scale) are used to classify cities into tiers (1st tier, 2nd tier, etc.) based on population and infrastructure.

这个新机场的建设规模非常惊人。(The construction scale of this new airport is astonishing.)

这家书店的规模虽然不大，但藏书非常丰富。(Although the scale of this bookstore is not large, its collection is very rich.)

他们正在讨论如何缩小公司的规模以应对危机。(They are discussing how to downsize the company to cope with the crisis.)

While 规模 (guīmó) is a versatile word, learners often confuse it with other terms related to size or range. Avoiding these pitfalls will make your Chinese sound more natural and precise.

Mistake 1: 规模 vs. 范围 (fànwéi): Learners often use 规模 when they mean 'range' or 'scope.' 范围 refers to the boundaries or limits (e.g., 'the scope of the search'), while 规模 refers to the overall size or magnitude (e.g., 'the scale of the search party').

错误：这次考试的规模很大。(Incorrect if you mean the topics covered; use 范围 instead.)

Another common error is using 规模 to describe a person's physical size. You should use 身材 (shēncái) or 体型 (tǐxíng) for people. 规模 is reserved for organizations, projects, events, or abstract phenomena. You wouldn't say a person has a 'large scale' unless you were joking about them being an institution!

Mistake 2: 规模 vs. 程度 (chéngdù): 程度 refers to the 'degree' or 'level' of something (like intensity), whereas 规模 is about the 'volume' or 'extent.' For example, the 'degree of damage' is 损坏程度, but the 'scale of the disaster' is 灾害规模.

正确：我们必须评估受灾的规模。(Correct: We must assess the scale of the disaster.)

Learners also struggle with the placement of adjectives. While in English we say 'large-scale,' in Chinese, the most natural way is to use '大规模' as a fixed compound. Saying '大的规模' is grammatically possible but sounds less professional than '规模很大' or '大规模'.

Mistake 3: Overusing '大': While '规模大' is fine, advanced learners should aim for more descriptive adjectives like '宏大' (for architecture/plans) or '庞大' (for systems/organizations).

提升：这个项目的规模极其庞大。(Better: The scale of this project is extremely huge.)

错误：这件衣服的规模太小了。(Incorrect: Use 尺寸 instead.)

正确：这家跨国公司的规模令人难以想象。(Correct: The scale of this multinational company is unimaginable.)

Understanding the nuances between 规模 (guīmó) and its synonyms will help you choose the right word for the right situation. Here is a comparison with similar terms.

规模 vs. 范围 (fànwéi): 规模 emphasizes the 'total amount' or 'magnitude' (how big it is overall). 范围 emphasizes the 'boundaries' or 'reach' (how far it extends). For example, a business can have a large guīmó (many employees) but a narrow fànwéi (only sells one product).

我们要扩大业务范围，同时保持现有的规模。(We want to expand the business scope while maintaining the current scale.)

Another similar word is 规格 (guīgé). While guīmó is about size, guīgé is about 'specifications' or 'standards.' You use guīgé for technical requirements or the level of hospitality (e.g., a high-standard reception).

规模 vs. 程度 (chéngdù): 程度 refers to the 'intensity' or 'level' of a quality. You use chéngdù for things like 'degree of difficulty' or 'degree of satisfaction.' Guīmó is for the physical or organizational extent.

损坏的程度很严重，维修规模会很大。(The degree of damage is serious, so the scale of repairs will be large.)

Finally, consider 幅度 (fúdù). This word refers to the 'range of fluctuation' or 'margin' of change. It is often used with verbs like 'increase' or 'decrease' to describe how much something has shifted (e.g., 'a large margin of price increase').

Comparison Summary: 1. 规模: Total size/magnitude. 2. 范围: Boundaries/reach. 3. 规格: Standards/specs. 4. 程度: Intensity/level. 5. 幅度: Margin of change.

虽然投资规模很大，但增长幅度却很小。(Although the investment scale is large, the growth margin is very small.)

我们需要根据市场规模来制定计划。(We need to make plans based on the market scale.)

这个展览的规模是历届之最。(The scale of this exhibition is the largest ever.)

How Formal Is It?

難易度

知っておくべき文法

Using '之' for emphasis (规模之大)

Passive voice with '被' (规模被缩小)

Comparison structures with '比'

Resultative complements (扩大到...规模)

Adverbial modifiers (不断扩大)

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レベル別の例文

这个学校的规模很大。

The scale of this school is very large.

Subject + 的 + 规模 + Adjective.

那家工厂规模不小。

That factory's scale is not small.

Negative form: 规模 + 不 + Adjective.

这是一个小规模的聚会。

This is a small-scale gathering.

小规模 (small-scale) used as an adjective phrase.

公司规模在扩大。

The company scale is expanding.

规模 + 在 + Verb (expanding).

这个项目的规模是多少？

What is the scale of this project?

Question form using 多少 (how much/what).

我们有大规模的活动。

We have a large-scale activity.

大规模 (large-scale) modifying a noun.

他的书店规模很小。

His bookstore's scale is very small.

Possessive + 规模 + Adjective.

城市规模变大了。

The city scale has become larger.

Noun + 规模 + Change of state (变大了).

这家超市的经营规模很大。

The operating scale of this supermarket is very large.

经营规模 (operating scale) is a common compound.

他们举办了一个大规模的比赛。

They held a large-scale competition.

Verb + 了 + 大规模的 + Noun.

我们要控制人口规模。

We need to control the population scale.

控制 (control) + Noun phrase.

这个建筑的规模非常宏大。

The scale of this building is very grand.

宏大 (grand) is a formal adjective for scale.

公司计划缩小生产规模。

The company plans to reduce the production scale.

缩小 (reduce/shrink) + 规模.

这是一次小规模的实验。

This is a small-scale experiment.

小规模 used to describe a specific event.

这里的旅游规模正在增长。

The tourism scale here is growing.

Progressive aspect (正在) with growth.

这个农场的规模比以前大了。

The scale of this farm is larger than before.

Comparison structure: A 比 B + Adjective.

随着业务的发展，公司规模不断扩大。

With the development of business, the company scale is constantly expanding.

不断 (constantly) + 扩大 (expand).

这次演习的规模是前所未有的。

The scale of this exercise is unprecedented.

前所未有 (unprecedented) is a common B1/B2 idiom.

我们必须考虑规模经济的问题。

We must consider the issue of economies of scale.

规模经济 (economies of scale) is a technical term.

由于资金短缺，项目规模被缩减了。

Due to a shortage of funds, the project scale was reduced.

Passive voice using 被 (bèi).

这个新社区已经初具规模。

This new community has already begun to take shape.

初具规模 (begin to take shape) is a key phrase.

政府投入了大规模的资金进行建设。

The government invested a large scale of funds for construction.

大规模的 + 资金 (funds).

这种规模的投资风险很高。

The risk of an investment of this scale is very high.

这种规模的 (of this scale) as a modifier.

我们需要评估这次活动的规模。

We need to assess the scale of this event.

评估 (assess/evaluate) + 规模.

城市化的规模之大，令人惊叹。

The scale of urbanization is so large that it is astonishing.

规模之大 (the largeness of the scale) for emphasis.

企业通过扩大规模来降低单位成本。

Enterprises reduce unit costs by expanding their scale.

通过...来... (by means of... to...).

这次抗议活动的规模超出了警方的预期。

The scale of this protest exceeded the police's expectations.

超出 (exceed) + 预期 (expectations).

我们应该根据市场需求调整生产规模。

We should adjust the production scale according to market demand.

根据 (according to) + 调整 (adjust).

该项目的规模宏大，涉及多个领域。

The project is grand in scale and involves multiple fields.

涉及 (involve) + 多个领域 (multiple fields).

小规模纳税人可以享受一定的税收优惠。

Small-scale taxpayers can enjoy certain tax incentives.

小规模纳税人 is a specific legal/financial term.

这种大规模的迁徙是自然界的奇观。

This large-scale migration is a wonder of the natural world.

大规模的 + 迁徙 (migration).

网络攻击的规模和复杂性都在增加。

The scale and complexity of cyberattacks are both increasing.

Parallel subjects: 规模 and 复杂性.

该地区的工业规模在过去十年中翻了一番。

The industrial scale of the region has doubled in the past ten years.

翻了一番 (doubled) is a C1 level expression.

政府必须在发展规模与环境保护之间取得平衡。

The government must strike a balance between the scale of development and environmental protection.

在...之间取得平衡 (strike a balance between...).

这种规模的金融危机对全球经济造成了冲击。

A financial crisis of this scale has impacted the global economy.

造成冲击 (cause an impact/shock).

该研究的样本规模足以支持其结论。

The sample scale of the study is sufficient to support its conclusions.

样本规模 (sample size/scale) in research.

建筑师的设计体现了宏大的空间规模感。

The architect's design embodies a grand sense of spatial scale.

体现 (embody/reflect) + 规模感 (sense of scale).

由于管理不善，这家曾经规模庞大的企业最终破产了。

Due to poor management, this once-huge enterprise eventually went bankrupt.

曾经 (once) + 规模庞大 (huge in scale).

大规模的社会动员对于抗击疫情至关重要。

Large-scale social mobilization is crucial for fighting the epidemic.

至关重要 (crucial/essential) is a formal C1 idiom.

我们不能盲目追求规模，而忽视了质量。

We cannot blindly pursue scale while ignoring quality.

盲目追求 (blindly pursue) + 规模.

宇宙的规模之宏大，超出了人类的认知范畴。

The scale of the universe is so grand that it exceeds the scope of human cognition.

认知范畴 (cognitive scope) is a high-level academic term.

在全球化背景下，资本流动的规模达到了惊人的地步。

In the context of globalization, the scale of capital flow has reached an astonishing level.

达到了...的地步 (reached the point/level of...).

这种大规模的基因组测序为精准医疗奠定了基础。

This large-scale genomic sequencing has laid the foundation for precision medicine.

奠定基础 (lay the foundation) is a formal C2 collocation.

该政权的崩溃源于其无法维持庞大的官僚规模。

The collapse of the regime stemmed from its inability to maintain a huge bureaucratic scale.

源于 (stem from) + 官僚规模 (bureaucratic scale).

艺术家通过微缩规模来探讨宏观世界的复杂性。

The artist explores the complexity of the macro world through miniature scale.

微缩规模 (miniature scale) vs 宏观世界 (macro world).

这种规模的生态破坏可能是不可逆转的。

Ecological destruction of this scale may be irreversible.

不可逆转 (irreversible) is a sophisticated C2 adjective.

我们需要重新审视城市规模扩张的边界。

We need to re-examine the boundaries of urban scale expansion.

重新审视 (re-examine) + 扩张 (expansion).

大规模的数据挖掘揭示了消费者行为的潜在模式。

Large-scale data mining has revealed latent patterns in consumer behavior.

揭示 (reveal) + 潜在模式 (latent patterns).

類義語

程度范围幅度大小

反対語

局部微型

よく使う組み合わせ

扩大规模 (expand scale)

缩小规模 (reduce scale)

规模宏大 (grand scale)

规模庞大 (huge scale)

大规模 (large-scale)

小规模 (small-scale)

经营规模 (operating scale)

生产规模 (production scale)

投资规模 (investment scale)

初具规模 (begin to take shape)

よく使うフレーズ

规模经济 (economies of scale)

规模效应 (scale effect)

万人规模 (scale of 10,000 people)

中等规模 (medium scale)

全球规模 (global scale)

前所未有的规模 (unprecedented scale)

有限规模 (limited scale)

适度规模 (appropriate scale)

超大规模 (ultra-large scale)

工业规模 (industrial scale)

よく混同される語

规模 vs 范围 (Range/Scope)

规模 vs 程度 (Degree/Level)

规模 vs 规格 (Standard/Specification)

慣用句と表現

"规模宏大 (Grand and magnificent scale)"

"初具规模 (To have started to take shape)"

"大张旗鼓 (On a grand scale / with much fanfare)"

"声势浩大 (Great in strength and impetus)"

"波澜壮阔 (Grand and surging - like waves)"

"气势磅礴 (Majestic and grand)"

"蔚为大观 (Afford a magnificent sight)"

"铺天盖地 (Overspreading the whole sky and earth)"

"浩浩荡荡 (Vast and mighty)"

"层出不穷 (Emerge in an endless stream - often related to scale of events)"

間違えやすい

规模 vs

文型パターン

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使い方

abstract use

Can be used for abstract things like 'social movements' or 'economic trends'.

physical use

Commonly used for buildings, factories, and cities.

よくある間違い

Using 规模 for personal height or weight.
Confusing 规模 with 范围 (scope).
Using 规模 for the size of small objects like a phone or a book.
Forgetting to use '的' when 规模 modifies another noun (e.g., 规模的影响).
Using '大' as a verb for 规模 (Correct: 规模很大).

ヒント

Scale Up

Learn '大规模' and '小规模' as set phrases. They are used everywhere in Chinese media.

Corporate Talk

Use '扩大经营规模' in business meetings to sound like a pro when talking about growth.

Noun Power

Remember that 规模 is a noun. You need a verb like '达到' or '具有' to connect it to actions.

Formal Flair

Use '规模之大' at the beginning of a sentence to create a dramatic and formal effect.

Context Clues

If you hear '规模' in a city context, it's usually about population or infrastructure.

Humble Scale

When talking about your own business, saying '小规模' shows modesty, which is valued in Chinese culture.

News Keywords

Scan for '规模' in economic news; it's a key indicator of market trends.

Grandeur

Understand that '规模宏大' is a high compliment for public works or historical sites.

Precision

Don't use 规模 for abstract 'levels' of feelings; use 程度 for that.

Compass and Mold

Visualize the characters: 规 (compass) + 模 (mold) = The standard of size.

暗記しよう

語源

Ancient Chinese. '规' (compass) and '模' (mold) combined to mean the standard or pattern of size.

文化的な背景

Cities are strictly categorized by their 'population scale' (人口规模).

Scale is often prioritized over niche markets in Chinese corporate strategy.

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

会話のきっかけ

"你觉得这家公司的规模怎么样？"

"你们学校的规模大吗？"

"这个城市的规模在不断扩大吗？"

"你参加过最大规模的活动是什么？"

"缩小规模对公司有好处吗？"

日記のテーマ

描述一个你见过的规模宏大的建筑。

讨论一下大规模生产对环境的影响。

如果你创业，你希望公司的初始规模是多大？

写一写你对城市规模不断扩大的看法。

分析一下为什么有些小规模企业比大公司更成功。

よくある質問

10 問

No, for clothes you should use 尺寸 (chǐcùn) or 号 (hào). 规模 is for organizations or large projects.

规模 is about the total size or magnitude. 范围 is about the boundaries or the reach of something.

It is neutral. A large scale can be good (growth) or bad (a large-scale disaster).

No, that sounds like you are an organization. Use '我的身材很大' (rare) or '我长得很壮' (I am built strong).

It means something has just reached a stage where its scale or shape is recognizable.

It is '规模经济' (guīmó jīngjì).

No, it is strictly a noun. You use verbs like 扩大 or 缩小 with it.

It functions like an adjective (attributive), but it's technically a noun phrase used to modify other nouns.

Use 宏大 when the scale is not just big, but also impressive, grand, or majestic.

Yes, it often refers to the number of participants or employees in an organization.

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