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B1 noun #700 よく出る 10分で読める

科学

kexue 上位700

練習する例文メモとヒント科学 30秒で

解説科学 in your Level:

At the A1 level, '科学' (kē xué) is primarily learned as a noun referring to 'science' as a school subject. It is one of the basic words students use to describe what they study, alongside 'math' (数学) and 'Chinese' (语文). At this stage, learners should focus on simple 'Subject + Verb + Object' sentences, such as 'I like science' (我喜欢科学) or 'We have science class today' (我们今天有科学课). The focus is on the concrete meaning of science as a collection of books and lessons. Visualizing a lab coat or a microscope can help associate the word with its meaning. It is important to recognize the characters: '科' (branch) and '学' (study). Even at this basic level, learners can start to see how '学' appears in many words related to learning, like '学校' (school) and '学生' (student).

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At the A2 level, learners begin to use '科学' in slightly more complex contexts, such as describing hobbies or simple facts. You might say 'He wants to be a scientist' (他想当一名科学家), introducing the '-家' suffix for professions. You also start to see '科学' used as an adjective to describe simple things, like a 'scientific method' (科学的方法) for doing homework or organizing a room. At this level, you should also be able to distinguish between '科学' (science) and '技术' (technology), as they often appear together in the common abbreviation '科技' (kē jì). Understanding that '科学' is about knowing and '技术' is about doing is a key step. You might also encounter the word in simple news headlines about 'scientific discoveries' (科学发现).

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At the B1 level, you should be comfortable using '科学' as both a noun and an adjective in various contexts. You will encounter it in discussions about health, environment, and social issues. A key usage at this level is the adjective '科学' meaning 'rational' or 'logical.' For example, '你的饮食习惯不科学' (Your eating habits are not scientific/healthy). You should also be able to use common collocations like '科学研究' (scientific research) and '科学知识' (scientific knowledge). This level requires understanding the cultural prestige of science in China and how it is often contrasted with 'superstition' (迷信). You will start to see the word in more formal texts, such as opinion pieces or reports, where '科学的' is used to justify a particular viewpoint or strategy.

At the B2 level, '科学' is used in more abstract and professional discussions. You will hear it in the context of '科学发展观' (Scientific Outlook on Development) or '科学决策' (scientific decision-making). At this stage, you should understand the nuance of using '科学' to mean 'optimal' or 'most efficient.' You will also encounter the word in academic writing, where it is used to define the scope of a study (e.g., '社会科学' - social sciences). You should be able to debate the pros and cons of scientific progress and use the word in complex sentence structures, such as '随着科学技术的飞速发展...' (With the rapid development of science and technology...). You will also be expected to know related idioms and formal expressions that involve the spirit of science, such as '实事求是' (seeking truth from facts).

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At the C1 level, you are expected to understand the philosophical and epistemological implications of '科学.' This includes discussing the 'scientific spirit' (科学精神), the 'scientific method' (科学方法论), and the history of science in China. You should be able to analyze how the word is used in political discourse to lend legitimacy to policies. You will encounter '科学' in high-level academic papers, where it might be used to critique or support complex theories. At this level, you should also be aware of the subtle differences between '科学,' '学术,' and '理论' in professional contexts. You can use the word to discuss the ethics of science, the popularization of science (科普), and the role of science in modernizing traditional Chinese culture.

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At the C2 level, you have a masterly command of '科学' and can use it with all its subtle connotations in any context. You can engage in deep philosophical debates about the limits of science, the relationship between science and religion, and the 'scientism' (科学主义) debate in Chinese intellectual history. You understand the historical evolution of the term from its introduction via Japan to its current status. You can use '科学' in highly sophisticated rhetorical ways, perhaps using it ironically or to make a nuanced point about social organization. Your usage is indistinguishable from that of a highly educated native speaker, and you can navigate the most complex academic and political texts where '科学' is a central theme.

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練習する例文メモとヒント

科学 30秒で

科学 (kē xué) means 'science' as a noun and 'scientific' or 'rational' as an adjective.
It is a key word in education, politics, and daily life in China, representing progress and truth.
As an adjective, it often means 'logical' or 'efficient,' as in 'a scientific diet' (科学的饮食).
Commonly paired with technology (科技) and used to contrast with superstition (迷信).

The word 科学 (kē xué) is a fundamental pillar of modern Chinese vocabulary, representing the concept of 'science' as both a field of study and a standard of rationality. Etymologically, it is a loanword from Japanese (kagaku), composed of two characters: 科 (kē), meaning 'branch,' 'division,' or 'subject,' and 学 (xué), meaning 'study' or 'learning.' Together, they literally translate to 'the study of divisions' or 'systematized knowledge.' This reflects the historical shift from holistic traditional learning to the specialized, categorized disciplines of modern Western science. In contemporary China, '科学' is not just an academic term; it carries a heavy weight of prestige, representing progress, modernization, and truth. When you use this word, you are often invoking the authority of empirical evidence and logical reasoning.

As a Noun: It refers to the systematic study of the natural world. For example, 'natural science' is 自然科学 (zì rán kē xué).
As an Adjective: It describes something that is rational, logical, or follows scientific principles. If a diet plan is well-balanced, a Chinese speaker might say it is very '科学'.

我们必须依靠科学来解决环境问题。 (We must rely on science to solve environmental problems.)

Historically, the term gained prominence during the New Culture Movement in the early 20th century, where it was personified as 'Mr. Science' (赛先生 - Sài Xiānsheng), alongside 'Mr. Democracy.' It was seen as the cure for superstition and the key to national rejuvenation. Today, you will hear it in schools, news reports regarding technological breakthroughs, and even in casual conversations about lifestyle choices. If someone tells you your sleeping habits are '不科学' (bù kē xué), they aren't necessarily saying you are failing a biology test; they mean your habits are illogical or unhealthy based on common sense and general knowledge.

这种工作方法非常科学。 (This working method is very scientific/rational.)

Social Context: The Chinese government frequently emphasizes the 'Scientific Outlook on Development' (科学发展观), highlighting how deeply the word is embedded in political and social governance.

他从小就对科学感兴趣。 (He has been interested in science since he was a child.)

我们需要更多的科学人才。 (We need more scientific talent.)

Academic Use: In universities, it is used to distinguish between the 'hard sciences' (理科) and 'humanities' (文科), though '科学' itself can encompass social sciences (社会科学) as well.

这个结论是有科学依据的。 (This conclusion has a scientific basis.)

Using 科学 (kē xué) correctly requires understanding its dual role as a noun and an adjective. In its noun form, it functions like any other object or subject. You can 'study science' (学科学), 'love science' (爱科学), or 'develop science' (发展科学). When used as an adjective, it often follows an adverb of degree like '很' (hěn - very) or '非常' (fēi cháng - extremely), which is a distinct feature compared to the English word 'science' (one wouldn't say 'this is very science' in English, but one says '这很科学' in Chinese).

Subject/Object Position: '科学是第一生产力' (Science is the primary productive force). Here, it acts as the subject of the sentence.
Attributive Position: It often modifies other nouns directly: '科学研究' (scientific research), '科学方法' (scientific method), '科学家' (scientist).

我们要用科学的态度对待生活。 (We should treat life with a scientific attitude.)

When used as a predicate adjective, '科学' means 'rational' or 'well-structured.' For instance, if you are designing a curriculum, your supervisor might say, '你的课程安排不够科学' (Your curriculum arrangement is not scientific enough), meaning it is not logically sequenced or efficient. This is a very common way to provide constructive criticism in professional settings. It implies that the logic behind the action is flawed, rather than the person themselves.

他的解释听起来很不科学。 (His explanation sounds very unscientific/illogical.)

Verb-Object Collocations: Common verbs include: 普及 (pǔ jí - popularize), 探索 (tàn suǒ - explore), 尊重 (zūn zhòng - respect), 相信 (xiāng xìn - believe in).

普及科学知识非常重要。 (Popularizing scientific knowledge is very important.)

这项研究具有很高的科学价值。 (This research has high scientific value.)

Formal vs. Informal: In formal contexts, it refers to the institution of science. In informal contexts, it's a synonym for 'logical' or 'makes sense.'

我们要学会用科学的方法管理时间。 (We should learn to manage time using scientific methods.)

The word 科学 (kē xué) is ubiquitous in Chinese society, appearing in diverse environments from the halls of government to the dinner tables of ordinary families. One of the most common places you will encounter it is in the education system. Students from primary school onwards are taught to '爱科学' (love science) as part of their civic duty. School subjects like physics, chemistry, and biology are collectively referred to as '科学课' (science classes) in early education, and later as '理科' (science stream) in high school. You will see posters in schools with slogans like '科学技术是第一生产力' (Science and technology are the primary productive forces), a famous quote by Deng Xiaoping that emphasizes the role of science in national development.

In the News: News broadcasts frequently use '科学' when discussing space exploration (like the Shenzhou missions), medical breakthroughs, or climate change. It is always used with a tone of respect and authority.
In Professional Settings: Managers use the word to justify decisions. A '科学的决策' (scientific decision) is one based on data and analysis rather than intuition or personal preference.

欢迎收看今天的《科学世界》节目。 (Welcome to today's 'Science World' program.)

In daily life, the word has taken on a more colloquial meaning related to health and efficiency. You might hear a grandmother telling her grandchild to eat more vegetables because it is '科学' (healthy/rational). On social media platforms like Weibo or Douyin, the phrase '这不科学' (this isn't scientific) is a popular meme used when someone sees something unbelievable, such as a lucky shot in a basketball game or a strange glitch in a video game. In this context, it functions much like the English slang 'Wait, that's illegal!' or 'That's impossible!'

他的这种练琴方法不科学，容易受伤。 (His way of practicing the piano is unscientific; it's easy to get injured.)

Public Health: During the pandemic, '科学防疫' (scientific epidemic prevention) was a constant slogan, urging people to follow medical advice rather than rumors.

我们要相信科学，不要迷信。 (We should believe in science, not superstition.)

这台机器的设计非常符合科学原理。 (The design of this machine is very much in line with scientific principles.)

Advertising: Products from skincare to electronics often use '科学' in their marketing to imply that their benefits are proven and reliable.

我们需要用科学的数据来说服客户。 (We need to use scientific data to persuade the customers.)

While 科学 (kē xué) is a versatile word, learners often make specific errors when translating directly from English or applying it in the wrong context. One of the most frequent mistakes is confusing '科学' (science) with '技术' (technology). While they are often paired as '科技' (kē jì), they are distinct concepts. '科学' refers to the theoretical understanding and discovery of laws, while '技术' refers to the practical application of that knowledge. For example, you wouldn't say 'this smartphone is great science'; you would say it is 'advanced technology' (先进的技术).

Mistake 1: Overusing it for 'Logic': While '科学' can mean rational, if you are talking about a formal logical argument, use '逻辑' (luó jí) instead. '科学' implies a broader sense of being 'well-founded' or 'efficient.'
Mistake 2: Grammar with Adverbs: English speakers might forget that '科学' can be modified by '很' (very). In English, 'very science' is wrong, but in Chinese, '很科学' is a standard way to say 'very rational/scientific.'

错误：他的话很有科学。 (Incorrect: His words have much science.)
正确：他的话很科学。 (Correct: His words are very scientific/rational.)

Another common error involves the word 'scientist.' Learners sometimes say '科学人' (science person), which is incorrect. The correct term is '科学家' (kē xué jiā). The suffix '-家' is used for experts in a particular field. Similarly, when referring to science as a school subject, beginners might just say '科学,' but in a middle/high school context, it is more common to refer to specific subjects like '物理' (physics) or '化学' (chemistry), or the collective '理科' (science stream).

错误：这是一个科学实验。 (This is a science experiment - technically okay, but '科学实验' is better without the '个' in some contexts, or '一个科学的实验' if emphasizing the quality.)

Mistake 3: Confusing with 'Academic': If you want to say something is 'academic,' use '学术' (xué shù). '科学' is specifically about the scientific method and natural laws.

我们要学会科学地安排时间。 (We should learn to arrange time scientifically/rationally.)

他的研究方法非常科学。 (His research method is very scientific.)

Mistake 4: Literal translation of 'Science Fiction': While '科学小说' exists, the standard term is '科幻小说' (kē huàn xiǎo shuō), where '科' comes from '科学' and '幻' means 'fantasy/fiction.'

这不符合科学规律。 (This does not conform to scientific laws.)

Understanding the nuances between 科学 (kē xué) and its synonyms is crucial for achieving fluency. While '科学' is the broad term for science and rationality, other words might be more precise depending on whether you are talking about technology, academic study, or pure logic.

技术 (jì shù) vs. 科学: '技术' refers to technology, skills, or techniques. While '科学' discovers the 'why,' '技术' focuses on the 'how.' You use '技术' for software, machinery, or a surgeon's skill.
学术 (xué shù) vs. 科学: '学术' means 'academic' or 'scholarly.' It covers all fields of study, including literature and history, which might not always be called '科学' in a strict sense. An 'academic journal' is an '学术期刊.'
理性 (lǐ xìng) vs. 科学: '理性' means 'rationality' or 'reason.' While a '科学' approach is '理性,' '理性' is more about the human capacity for thought and staying calm, whereas '科学' is about the methodology and evidence.

我们讨论的是学术问题，不是政治问题。 (We are discussing academic issues, not political ones.)

Other related terms include 理论 (lǐ lùn - theory), which is the abstract part of science, and 实践 (shí jiàn - practice), which is often contrasted with it. In the context of school, you might hear 理科 (lǐ kē), which refers to the science stream (physics, chemistry, math), as opposed to 文科 (wén kē), the liberal arts stream. If you are talking about a specific branch of science, you use 学科 (xué kē), which means 'discipline' or 'subject.'

这项技术已经非常成熟了。 (This technology is already very mature.)

知识 (zhī shi) vs. 科学: '知识' is the general word for 'knowledge.' '科学' is a specific, systematic type of knowledge. You can have 'life knowledge' (生活知识) that isn't necessarily 'scientific.'

他是一个非常有理性的人。 (He is a very rational person.)

这种理论还需要进一步验证。 (This theory still needs further verification.)

规律 (guī lǜ) vs. 科学: '规律' refers to the 'laws' or 'patterns' that science seeks to find. '科学规律' is a common phrase meaning 'scientific laws.'

我们要按经济规律办事。 (We must act according to economic laws.)

How Formal Is It?

豆知識

Before '科学' became standard, Chinese scholars used terms like '格致' (gé zhì), which comes from a Confucian classic meaning 'investigating things to extend knowledge.'

発音ガイド

UK /kəː ʃɥɛ/

US /kəʊ ʃwɛ/

The stress is equal on both syllables, but the second syllable 'xué' often feels more dynamic due to the rising tone.

韻が合う語

车 (chē) 奢 (shē) 遮 (zhē) 学 (xué) 绝 (jué) 决 (jué) 觉 (jué) 雪 (xuě)

よくある間違い

Pronouncing 'kē' like 'key'. It should be more like 'kuh'.
Pronouncing 'xué' like 'zoo'. The 'x' is a soft 'sh' sound.
Getting the tones wrong: 'kē' is 1st tone (flat), 'xué' is 2nd tone (rising).
Mixing up 'xué' with 'xuě' (snow, 3rd tone).
Failing to aspirate the 'k' in 'kē'.

難易度

読解 3/5

The characters are common but the abstract usage requires context.

ライティング 4/5

The character '学' is easy, but '科' requires practice to balance the components.

スピーキング 2/5

Pronunciation is relatively straightforward for English speakers.

リスニング 2/5

The word is very common in news and daily speech.

次に学ぶべきこと

前提知識

学老师书喜欢大

次に学ぶ

技术研究实验发现理论

上級

范式方法论实证伪科学逻辑学

知っておくべき文法

Adjectives as Predicates

这个方法很科学。

Attributive Nouns

科学杂志。

The suffix -家

科学家，画家，作家。

Using '地' for Adverbs

科学地安排时间。

Negation with '不'

这不科学。

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レベル別の例文

我喜欢科学课。

I like science class.

Simple Subject + Verb + Object structure.

科学书在桌子上。

The science book is on the table.

Using '科学' as an attributive noun.

老师教我们科学。

The teacher teaches us science.

Direct object position.

科学很有趣。

Science is very interesting.

Using '很' with an adjective/noun.

他学习科学。

He studies science.

Basic verb-object pair.

这是一本科学杂志。

This is a science magazine.

Attributive use.

我们要爱科学。

We should love science.

Using the modal verb '要'.

科学并不难。

Science is not difficult.

Negative structure with '不'.

他想成为一名科学家。

He wants to become a scientist.

Introducing the suffix '-家' for professions.

这个实验很科学。

This experiment is very scientific.

Using '科学' as a predicate adjective.

我们学校有科学实验室。

Our school has a science lab.

Compound noun '实验室'.

科学可以帮助我们。

Science can help us.

Using '可以' for possibility/ability.

他喜欢看科学电影。

He likes watching science movies.

Attributive use.

科学发现改变了生活。

Scientific discoveries changed life.

Noun phrase '科学发现'.

这是一个科学问题。

This is a scientific question.

Standard 'Subject + 是 + Object' pattern.

我们要用科学的方法。

We should use scientific methods.

Using '的' to modify '方法'.

你的减肥方法不科学。

Your weight loss method is not scientific/rational.

Adjectival use meaning 'rational' or 'healthy'.

科学研究需要大量的时间。

Scientific research requires a lot of time.

Common collocation '科学研究'.

普及科学知识是我们的责任。

Popularizing scientific knowledge is our responsibility.

Using '普及' as a verb.

这个结论缺乏科学依据。

This conclusion lacks a scientific basis.

Noun phrase '科学依据'.

我们要相信科学，反对迷信。

We should believe in science and oppose superstition.

Contrasting '科学' with '迷信'.

他在这篇论文中引用了科学数据。

He cited scientific data in this paper.

Using '引用' (to cite).

科学技术是第一生产力。

Science and technology are the primary productive forces.

Famous political slogan.

这种管理方式非常科学。

This management style is very scientific/efficient.

Using '科学' to mean 'efficient'.

我们必须坚持科学发展观。

We must adhere to the Scientific Outlook on Development.

Political terminology.

科学的进步离不开人才的培养。

The progress of science is inseparable from the cultivation of talent.

Using '离不开' (cannot do without).

他致力于生命科学的研究。

He is dedicated to the study of life sciences.

Specific field '生命科学'.

这项政策是经过科学论证的。

This policy has undergone scientific demonstration/validation.

Using '论证' (demonstration/proof).

科学无国界，但科学家有祖国。

Science has no borders, but scientists have a motherland.

Famous quote by Louis Pasteur, often cited in China.

我们要科学地应对气候变化。

We should respond to climate change scientifically.

Using '科学地' as an adverb.

这种药的疗效已经得到了科学证实。

The efficacy of this medicine has been scientifically proven.

Using '证实' (to confirm/prove).

社会科学也是非常重要的学科。

Social science is also a very important discipline.

Broadening the definition to '社会科学'.

科学精神的核心是求真务实。

The core of the scientific spirit is seeking truth and being pragmatic.

Abstract concept '科学精神'.

我们需要反思科学主义带来的负面影响。

We need to reflect on the negative impacts brought by scientism.

Critical term '科学主义' (scientism).

科普工作对于提高国民素质至关重要。

Popular science work is crucial for improving the quality of the citizens.

Abbreviation '科普' (Popular Science).

他试图用科学的方法来解释传统中医。

He tried to use scientific methods to explain traditional Chinese medicine.

Complex comparative context.

科学研究不应受到政治干预。

Scientific research should not be subject to political interference.

Using '受到...干预'.

这篇文章深入探讨了科学与伦理的关系。

This article explores the relationship between science and ethics in depth.

Formal academic verb '探讨'.

科学的严谨性要求我们不能放过任何细节。

The rigor of science requires that we don't overlook any details.

Noun phrase '科学的严谨性'.

他被誉为现代科学的奠基人之一。

He is hailed as one of the founders of modern science.

Formal passive structure '被誉为'.

科学范式的转换往往伴随着思维方式的变革。

A shift in scientific paradigms is often accompanied by a revolution in ways of thinking.

Advanced term '科学范式' (scientific paradigm).

我们应当警惕将科学神圣化的倾向。

We should be wary of the tendency to sacralize science.

Sophisticated verb '神圣化' (sacralize).

科学的边界在于它无法解决所有的人文困境。

The boundary of science lies in its inability to solve all humanistic dilemmas.

Philosophical discussion of '科学的边界'.

他在这本著作中对科学的本质进行了深刻的哲学剖析。

In this work, he conducted a profound philosophical analysis of the essence of science.

Using '进行...剖析' (to conduct an analysis).

科学与伪科学的界限有时并不像人们想象的那么清晰。

The boundary between science and pseudoscience is sometimes not as clear as people imagine.

Comparing '科学' and '伪科学'.

科学共同体的共识是评价科研成果的重要标准。

The consensus of the scientific community is an important standard for evaluating research results.

Term '科学共同体' (scientific community).

他主张以科学理性的态度来重构社会秩序。

He advocates reconstructing social order with a scientifically rational attitude.

Using '主张' (to advocate).

科学的客观性是其力量的源泉，也是其局限所在。

The objectivity of science is the source of its power and also its limitation.

Discussing '客观性' (objectivity) and '局限' (limitation).

類義語

学科技术理学

反対語

迷信荒谬盲目

よく使う組み合わせ

科学研究

科学技术

科学方法

科学知识

科学家

科学依据

科学精神

科学实验

科学发展

科学态度

よく使うフレーズ

这不科学

— Slang used to express that something is impossible, illogical, or surprising.

他竟然赢了？这不科学！

自然科学

— Refers to natural sciences like physics and biology.

自然科学研究自然界的规律。

社会科学

— Refers to social sciences like sociology and economics.

社会科学研究人类社会。

生命科学

— Refers to life sciences or biology-related fields.

生命科学是当今的热门领域。

科普

— Short for 'popular science' (popularizing scientific knowledge).

这是一本优秀的科普读物。

科学界

— The scientific community or the world of science.

这个发现在科学界引起了轰动。

科学化

— To make something scientific or systematic.

管理需要科学化。

伪科学

— Pseudoscience; something that claims to be scientific but isn't.

我们要警惕伪科学。

科学性

— Scientific nature or validity.

这篇文章缺乏科学性。

科学馆

— Science museum or science center.

周末我们去参观了科学馆。

よく混同される語

科学 vs 技术

Science is the theory; technology is the application.

科学 vs 学术

Science is empirical; academic covers all scholarly fields including arts.

科学 vs 理性

Science is a method/field; rationality is a human quality.

慣用句と表現

"实事求是"

— To seek truth from facts; a core tenet of the scientific spirit in China.

做研究必须坚持实事求是的原则。

Formal

"循序渐进"

— To advance step by step; often used to describe a scientific learning process.

学习科学知识要循序渐进。

Neutral

"探本溯源"

— To trace something to its source; a scientific approach to investigation.

科学家们正在对这种病毒探本溯源。

Formal

"见微知著"

— To see the whole from a small part; an important skill in scientific observation.

优秀的科学家往往能见微知著。

Formal

"日新月异"

— Changing with each passing day; often used to describe scientific and technological progress.

科学技术的发展日新月异。

Neutral

"格物致知"

— To study the nature of things to gain knowledge; a traditional term often linked to science.

格物致知是求学的基本态度。

Literary

"精益求精"

— To constantly strive for perfection; applicable to scientific experiments.

他在科研工作中精益求精。

Formal

"博大精深"

— Broad and profound; used to describe the vastness of scientific knowledge.

科学的世界博大精深。

Formal

"一丝不苟"

— Not a single hair out of place; extremely meticulous, as required in science.

做科学实验必须一丝不苟。

Neutral

"推陈出新"

— To weed through the old to bring forth the new; scientific innovation.

科学研究需要不断推陈出新。

Formal

間違えやすい

科学 vs 科技

It is an abbreviation of science and technology.

Use '科技' for the general industry, '科学' for the pure study.

科技公司 (Tech company).

科学 vs 理科

Both refer to science in school.

理科 is the 'science stream' (physics/chem/math); 科学 is the general concept.

他是理科生。

科学 vs 学科

Both involve study.

学科 is a 'discipline' or 'branch'; 科学 is 'science' itself.

这是一门新学科。

科学 vs 理论

Science involves theories.

理论 is 'theory'; 科学 is the whole system including experiments.

这只是个理论。

科学 vs 知识

Science is a form of knowledge.

知识 is general; 科学 is systematic and testable.

生活知识。

文型パターン

我喜欢[Subject]。

我喜欢科学。

我想当[Profession]。

我想当科学家。

[Something]很科学。

你的方法很科学。

我们要相信[Noun]。

我们要相信科学。

随着[Noun]的发展...

随着科学技术的发展...

[Something]具有科学价值。

这项研究具有科学价值。

[Concept]的核心是...

科学精神的核心是求真。

[Subject]对[Object]进行了科学剖析。

他对这个现象进行了科学剖析。

語族

名詞

科学家 (scientist)

科学界 (scientific circles)

科学馆 (science museum)

学科 (discipline)

動詞

科学化 (to make scientific)

科普 (to popularize science)

形容詞

科学的 (scientific/rational)

不科学的 (unscientific/illogical)

使い方

frequency

Extremely frequent in all domains of Chinese life.

よくある間違い

Using 科学 for technology. → 技术 (jì shù)
Science is the study of laws; technology is the application. Use '技术' for gadgets and software.
Saying 科学人 for scientist. → 科学家 (kē xué jiā)
Always use the -家 suffix for experts in a field.
Using 科学 to mean 'smart'. → 聪明 (cōng ming)
科学 describes methods or logic, not a person's innate intelligence.
Forgetting the '的' in 科学的方法. → 科学的方法
When 科学 modifies a noun, you usually need the particle '的'.
Confusing 科学 with 数学. → 科学 (science) vs 数学 (math)
They both end in 'xué' but the first character is different. 'Kē' vs 'Shù'.

ヒント

Using 科学 as an Adjective

Remember that you can say '很科学' (very scientific/rational). This is a very common way to praise a plan or a way of doing things.

Learn the Suffix -家

Use 科学家 for scientist. This suffix is also used in 画家 (painter) and 作家 (writer).

Science vs. Superstition

In China, 科学 is often the 'hero' in the fight against 迷信 (superstition). Using this contrast helps you sound more like a native speaker.

Internet Slang

Use '这不科学' when you are shocked by something unlikely. It's a great way to show you know modern Chinese internet culture.

Formal Writing

In essays, use '科学研究' instead of just '科学' when you mean the process of doing research.

Listen for 'Kē'

The 'Kē' sound is very distinct. It appears in many academic words, so learning to recognize it will help you understand school-related topics.

Tone Practice

Practice the transition from the high 1st tone of 'kē' to the rising 2nd tone of 'xué'. It should feel smooth.

The 'Subject' Mnemonic

Remember '科' as 'categories' and '学' as 'study'. Science is the study of categories.

Professional Use

In a job interview, saying you have a '科学的工作方法' (scientific work method) sounds very professional.

Look for '科普'

If you want to read easy science articles, search for '科普' (Popular Science) online.

暗記しよう

記憶術

Imagine a 'Subject' (科) being 'Studied' (学) in a lab. '科' looks like a plant (禾) and a measure (斗) - measuring the growth of knowledge.

視覚的連想

Associate the character '科' with a scientist holding a grain of wheat (the '禾' part) and '学' with a child in a school building.

Word Web

Biology Physics Chemistry Logic Rational Method Experiment Research

チャレンジ

Try to find three things in your daily routine that are '不科学' (illogical) and explain why using the word 科学.

語源

The term '科学' was originally coined in Japan as a translation for the Western concept of 'science' during the Meiji Restoration. It was then imported into China in the late 19th century.

元の意味： The characters mean 'the study of subjects' or 'classified knowledge,' reflecting the way modern science is divided into distinct branches like physics and chemistry.

Sino-Tibetan (Chinese characters), though the modern compound is a 'Wasei-kango' (Japanese-made Chinese word).

文化的な背景

Be careful not to dismiss traditional practices as '不科学' in a way that might be offensive; however, in a medical context, '科学' is the standard for modern hospitals.

In English, 'science' is often strictly academic. In Chinese, '科学' is frequently used as a synonym for 'rational' or 'logical' in everyday life.

Deng Xiaoping's quote: '科学技术是第一生产力' The 'Mr. Science' (赛先生) of the May Fourth Movement Shenzhou space missions often cited as '科学的胜利'

実生活で練習する

実際の使用場面

In School

科学课
做实验
科学家
理科生

In the News

科学发现
科技进步
科学考察
科普知识

Daily Health

科学饮食
科学锻炼
不科学的习惯
科学防疫

Work/Business

科学管理
科学决策
科学依据
科学论证

Slang/Internet

这不科学
脑洞大开
硬核科学
科普一下

会話のきっかけ

"你最喜欢的科学学科是什么？ (What is your favorite science subject?)"

"你觉得科学对人类最大的贡献是什么？ (What do you think is the greatest contribution of science to humanity?)"

"你相信科学能解决所有问题吗？ (Do you believe science can solve all problems?)"

"你小时候想当科学家吗？ (Did you want to be a scientist when you were a child?)"

"你最近看到了什么有趣的科学发现？ (What interesting scientific discovery have you seen recently?)"

日記のテーマ

写一写科学是如何改变你的日常生活的。 (Write about how science has changed your daily life.)

你认为科学和宗教之间有冲突吗？请说明理由。 (Do you think there is a conflict between science and religion? Please explain why.)

描述一个你做过的或者看到的有趣的科学实验。 (Describe an interesting science experiment you have done or seen.)

如果世界上没有科学，生活会变成什么样？ (What would life be like if there were no science in the world?)

谈谈你对“这不科学”这句流行语的理解。 (Talk about your understanding of the catchphrase 'This is not scientific'.)

よくある質問

10 問

No, in Chinese it can also refer to social sciences (社会科学) and is often used as an adjective meaning 'rational' or 'logical' in any context.

The word is 科学家 (kē xué jiā). You add the suffix -家 to 科学.

科学 is 'science,' while 科技 is a combination of 'science and technology' (科学技术). 科技 is more common when talking about the tech industry.

Not directly. You wouldn't say '他很科学' to mean he is smart. You would say '他的方法很科学' (His method is scientific) or '他很有科学精神' (He has a scientific spirit).

It means 'This makes no sense' or 'This is impossible,' usually used when something surprising or lucky happens.

It can be used in both formal academic contexts and informal daily conversations.

It is 科幻小说 (kē huàn xiǎo shuō). '科' comes from 科学 and '幻' means fantasy.

Yes, very much so. Phrases like '科学发展' (scientific development) are central to Chinese political discourse.

In a literal sense, it is 迷信 (superstition) or 伪科学 (pseudoscience). As an adjective, it is 不科学 (illogical).

No, it is a noun or an adjective. To say 'to make something scientific,' you use 科学化.

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