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英語 7:05 Science & Tech

The Evolutionary Basis of Autism

SciShow · 249,006 回視聴 · 追加日 2ヶ月前

字幕 (194 セグメント)

00:00

Human brains are amazing, capable of

00:02

inventing everything from the wheel to

00:04

New York City. At some point in our

00:06

evolution, our brains developed our

00:07

signature sophisticated cognition, and

00:10

we never looked back. At the same time,

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not all brains are alike. Some people

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are built a bit different, like in the

00:14

case of autism. Turns out those two

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facts might be the same fact. There's

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some evidence to suggest that far from

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being a recent or purely environmental

00:23

phenomenon, autism might be so hardcoded

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into our brains, it's responsible for us

00:28

becoming smart in the first place. So,

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let's dive into what autism has to do

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with the very existence of the human

00:34

brain.

00:38

Real quick disclaimer that autistic

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people like me are human and don't have

00:42

to like prove their worth by doing some

00:45

special brain thing to be deserving of

00:47

basic dignity. But if autism really did

00:50

make all of us the way we are, that's

00:52

pretty interesting. Like certain

00:54

neurosychiatric disorders, including

00:55

schizophrenia, some research suggests

00:57

that true autism only occurs in humans.

01:00

There are animal models of autism that

01:02

are useful in research. For instance,

01:04

mice are highly social, so scientists

01:06

can compare so-called deficits in a

01:09

mouse social skills with those in

01:11

humans. But autism is uniquely human in

01:14

many ways. Like, our social patterns are

01:16

much more complex and evolve a lot more

01:18

abstraction than what mice do. Non-human

01:21

primates show behaviors more akin to

01:23

human autism than rodents do, but still

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