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A1 pronoun #250 가장 일반적인 7분 분량

هم

hum 상위 250

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁 هم 30초 만에

설명 هم in your Level:

At the A1 level, learners are introduced to 'هم' as one of the basic personal pronouns. The focus is on using it in simple nominal sentences (sentences without verbs). A student learns to say 'They are students' (هم طلاب) or 'They are from Egypt' (هم من مصر). At this stage, the primary goal is recognizing the word in text and speech and understanding that it refers to a group of people (masculine or mixed). Learners are taught to distinguish 'هم' from 'هو' (he) and 'هي' (she). The concept of gendered plurals is introduced, but the focus remains on the most common form, which is the masculine plural 'هم'. Simple identification and translation are the key skills here.

At the A2 level, the use of 'هم' becomes more dynamic as learners begin to study verb conjugations. Students learn that when 'هم' is the subject, the verb must follow a specific pattern. In the present tense, this usually involves the 'ya-' prefix and the '-una' suffix (e.g., يذهبون - they go). In the past tense, it involves the '-u' suffix (e.g., ذهبوا - they went). A2 learners also start using 'هم' with prepositions and as an attached pronoun (e.g., معهم - with them, بيتهم - their house). The distinction between the independent pronoun and the attached suffix is a major milestone at this level. Learners also begin to use 'هم' in simple questions and negative sentences.

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By B1, learners are expected to use 'هم' fluently in complex sentences involving subordinate clauses. They learn to use 'هم' with 'Inna' and its sisters (e.g., إنهم - indeed they are), which changes the grammatical case of the following words in subtle ways. B1 students also encounter 'هم' in relative clauses (e.g., هم الذين - they are the ones who). At this level, the focus shifts to consistency in agreement across long sentences. If a sentence starts with 'هم', every subsequent adjective, verb, and relative pronoun must match. Learners also start to distinguish between Modern Standard Arabic usage and how 'هم' might be shortened or altered in various regional dialects they might encounter in media.

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At the B2 level, students explore the rhetorical uses of 'هم'. This includes the 'Separating Pronoun' (Damiir al-Fasl) used for emphasis and to define the subject more clearly (e.g., أولئك هم المفلحون). Learners study how 'هم' is used in more sophisticated literature and media reports to create a specific tone. They also learn about the 'Pronoun of the Story' (Damiir al-Sha'n), though this is more common with 'Huwa', 'Hum' can occasionally function in similar high-level structures. B2 learners are also more adept at handling the 'u' vowel change (Humu) when 'هم' precedes a definite article, ensuring their speech sounds natural and follows the rules of 'Tajweed' or formal elocution.

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C1 learners analyze 'هم' within the context of classical Arabic grammar (Nahw) and eloquence (Balagha). They study how the choice of 'هم' over a noun can change the focus of a sentence. They explore the concept of 'Iltifat' (rhetorical shifts), where a text might shift from 'You' to 'They' (هم) to create a sense of distance or to provide a different perspective on the subjects. At this level, students are reading complex classical texts, including the Quran and pre-Islamic poetry, where 'هم' is used in intricate ways to refer to tribes, metaphysical entities, or abstract concepts. They understand the deep grammatical implications of 'هم' in various 'I'rab' (inflection) scenarios.

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At the C2 level, the learner's understanding of 'هم' is near-native. They can appreciate the most subtle nuances, such as why a writer might choose 'هم' instead of a more specific noun to create ambiguity or universality. They can engage in high-level academic discussions about the evolution of the pronoun from Proto-Semitic to modern dialects. C2 speakers can use 'هم' in spontaneous, high-level oratory, maintaining perfect agreement even in the most complex, multi-layered sentences. They also understand the philosophical implications of 'Them' (the 'Other') in Arabic philosophical and sociological discourse, where 'هم' is used to define identity and boundaries between groups.

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هم 30초 만에

Hum means 'They' for masculine or mixed groups of 3 or more people.
It is an independent pronoun used as a subject in a sentence.
Verbs following 'Hum' must end in 'una' (present) or 'u' (past).
In dialects, it may sound like 'humma' or 'henne', but 'Hum' is the formal MSA version.

The Arabic word هم (Hum) is a fundamental building block of the Arabic language, serving as the third-person masculine plural independent pronoun. In English, it translates simply to 'they', but its usage in Arabic is governed by specific rules regarding gender and number that differ significantly from English. While English uses 'they' for any group of people, Arabic distinguishes between masculine, feminine, and dual groups. هم is specifically reserved for groups of three or more males, or mixed-gender groups containing at least one male. This collective nature reflects the linguistic priority often given to the masculine form in traditional Arabic grammar when describing a general group.

Grammatical Category: Independent Personal Pronoun (Damiir Munfasil). It stands alone and usually functions as the subject (Mubtada) of a nominal sentence.

هم طلاب في الجامعة.
(Hum tullab fi al-jami'ah)
They are students at the university.

In everyday conversation, you will hear هم used to describe groups of friends, colleagues, or strangers. It is the default pronoun for any group unless that group is exclusively female. For example, if you are pointing at a crowd of men and women, you must use هم. If you are pointing at a group of ten women and one man, you still use هم. This is a crucial rule for beginners to master, as it simplifies collective reference but requires a shift in thinking from the gender-neutral English 'they'.

Plurality Rule: In Arabic, plural starts at three. For exactly two people, you must use the dual pronoun 'Huma' (هما), not 'Hum'.

Culturally, the use of هم can also imply a sense of 'the others' or 'them' in a social context. It is frequently used in news broadcasts to refer to political groups, nations, or sports teams. Because Arabic verbs change based on the pronoun, using هم requires the verb to also be in the masculine plural form, typically ending in 'un' (ون) in the present tense or 'u' (وا) in the past tense. This agreement is the backbone of Arabic sentence structure.

هم يلعبون في الحديقة.
(Hum yal'abuna fi al-hadiqah)
They are playing in the park.

Using هم correctly involves understanding the 'Nominal Sentence' (Jumla Ismiyya). In Arabic, you don't need a verb 'to be' in the present tense. Therefore, placing هم before a noun or adjective creates a complete thought. This is one of the first patterns A1 learners encounter. However, as you progress, you will see هم used for emphasis, even when the verb already implies the subject. This is called 'Tawkid' (emphasis).

Sentence Pattern 1: Pronoun + Noun: هم مهندسون (Hum muhandisun) - They are engineers. Note that the noun 'engineers' must also be masculine plural.

هم ليسوا هنا.
(Hum laysu huna)
They are not here.

When using هم with verbs, the verb must agree in person, gender, and number. In the past tense, the verb usually ends with a 'Waw al-Jama'ah' (و) followed by a silent Alif. For example, 'They wrote' becomes 'Katabu' (كتبوا). While the pronoun هم is often omitted because the verb ending already tells us who is performing the action, including it adds clarity or rhetorical weight.

Sentence Pattern 2: Pronoun + Verb: هم سافروا إلى لندن (Hum safaru ila London) - They traveled to London. The 'وا' at the end of the verb matches 'هم'.

In more complex structures, هم can appear as a 'Separating Pronoun' (Damiir al-Fasl) between a subject and its predicate to avoid ambiguity, especially when both are definite. This is common in formal writing and the Quran. For instance, 'Allah is the Provider' can be written as 'Allah Huwa al-Razzaq', and similarly for plural subjects, 'The believers are the successful ones' is 'Al-mu'minuna hum al-muflihun'.

أولئك هم الفائزون.
(Ula'ika hum al-fa'izun)
Those, they are the winners.

The word هم is ubiquitous across all forms of Arabic, from the most ancient poetic texts to the latest social media posts. In Modern Standard Arabic (MSA), which is used in news, literature, and formal speeches, هم is the standard way to refer to a group. You will hear news anchors say 'Hum yatawaqq'un...' (They expect...) or 'Hum yutalibun...' (They demand...). It provides a formal distance and clarity essential for reporting.

In the News: Used to refer to 'The Ministers' (Al-Wuzara'), 'The Protesters' (Al-Mutazahiriin), or 'The Scientists' (Al-Ulama').

هم يرفضون القرار الجديد.
(Hum yarfiduna al-qarar al-jadid)
They reject the new decision.

In religious contexts, specifically the Quran, هم appears thousands of times. It is often used to contrast groups, such as the 'People of Paradise' and the 'People of the Fire'. The repetitive use of هم in these verses creates a rhythmic and emphatic effect, highlighting the characteristics or the fate of these groups. For a learner, studying these verses is an excellent way to see the pronoun in its most prestigious and grammatically perfect form.

In daily life, while dialects might alter the sound, the concept of هم remains central. You'll hear it in the market when someone asks about the price of items ('How much are they?'), or in a family setting when talking about the children ('Where are they?'). Because Arabic culture is highly social and family-oriented, collective pronouns like 'We' and 'They' are used much more frequently than the individualistic 'I'.

هل هم في البيت الآن؟
(Hal hum fi al-bayt al-an?)
Are they at home now?

In Literature: Classical poets use 'Hum' to refer to their tribe (Qawm), often praising their bravery or lamenting their departure.

One of the most frequent mistakes English speakers make is using هم for a group of only two people. In English, 'they' covers two, three, or a million people. In Arabic, two people require the dual pronoun هما (Huma). Using هم for two people sounds grammatically 'off' to a native speaker and is a clear sign of a beginner level. Always count your subjects before choosing your pronoun!

Mistake 1: The Dual vs. Plural: Incorrect: (For 2 men) هم ذاهبان. Correct: هما ذاهبان.

هم نساء (Incorrect usage).
Correct: هن نساء.
They are women.

Another common error is gender misapplication. If a group is composed entirely of females, you must use هن (Hunna). While هم is used for mixed groups, using it for an all-female group is technically incorrect in Modern Standard Arabic, though some modern dialects have begun to collapse these two into one. For learners of MSA, keeping them separate is essential for passing exams and speaking correctly.

Agreement errors are also rampant. Learners often remember to use هم but forget to change the verb or the adjective that follows. If you say 'Hum kabir' (They is big), it is incorrect. It must be 'Hum kibar' (They are big/great). Every word in the sentence must 'know' that the subject is plural. This 'chain of agreement' is what makes Arabic sentences feel cohesive.

Mistake 2: Lack of Agreement: Incorrect: هم يكتب (They writes). Correct: هم يكتبون (They write).

To truly master هم, you must understand its neighbors in the pronoun table. Arabic pronouns are a precise system of coordinates based on person (1st, 2nd, 3rd), gender (masculine, feminine), and number (singular, dual, plural). هم sits at the intersection of 3rd person, masculine, and plural.

هم (Hum) vs. هن (Hunna): Hum is for men or mixed groups. Hunna is strictly for three or more women. In formal Arabic, this distinction is never blurred.
هم (Hum) vs. هما (Huma): Huma is for exactly two people (any gender). Hum is for three or more.

أنتم (Antum) vs. هم (Hum).
Antum = You (plural), Hum = They.
Both are masculine plural.

Another alternative is the attached pronoun version of هم, which is also written as ـهم (suffix). While the independent هم is the subject, the attached ـهم indicates possession or an object. For example, 'Kitabuhum' means 'Their book'. Understanding the relationship between the independent and attached forms is key to advancing to the A2 level.

Demonstrative Alternatives: Sometimes 'Ha'ula'i' (These) or 'Ula'ika' (Those) are used instead of 'Hum' to point specifically to a group within sight.

How Formal Is It?

격식체

"هم يمثلون الوفد الرسمي."

중립

"هم جيراني الجدد."

비격식체

"هم لسه ما وصلوا."

Child friendly

"هم يلعبون بالكرة."

속어

"هم شلة وحدة."

재미있는 사실

The letter 'Ha' (هـ) in 'Hum' is often associated with breath or distance in Semitic languages, fitting for a third-person pronoun referring to people 'over there'.

발음 가이드

UK /hʊm/

US /hʊm/

Single syllable, equal stress.

라임이 맞는 단어

قم (Qum) دم (Dam) فم (Fam) ثم (Thumma) عم (Am) كم (Kam) لم (Lam) نم (Nam)

자주 하는 실수

Pronouncing the 'u' like the 'a' in 'ham'.
Making the 'h' too light (like an English 'h') instead of a clear Arabic 'هـ'.
Adding an extra vowel at the end (e.g., 'huma') when not needed.
Stretching the 'u' into a long 'uu' (hoom).
Dropping the 'h' sound entirely in fast speech.

난이도

독해 1/5

Very easy to recognize; only two letters.

쓰기 1/5

Simple to write in both isolated and connected forms.

말하기 2/5

Requires correct vowel 'u' and 'm' closure.

듣기 2/5

Can be confused with 'Huwa' or 'Hunna' in fast speech.

다음에 무엇을 배울까

선수 학습

هو (He) هي (She) أنا (I) نحن (We)

다음에 배울 것

هن (They - fem) هما (They - dual) أنتم (You - plural)

고급

إياهم (Them - accusative) هم (as a separating pronoun)

알아야 할 문법

Gender Neutrality in Plurals

A group of 99 women and 1 man is referred to as 'هم'.

Verb Agreement

هم يذهبون (Present), هم ذهبوا (Past).

Adjective Agreement

هم كبار (They are big/old).

Attached Pronoun Suffix

بيتهم (Their house), رأيتهم (I saw them).

Damiir al-Fasl

الله هو الحق، والمؤمنون هم الفائزون.

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수준별 예문

هم طلاب.

They are students.

Simple nominal sentence.

هل هم هنا؟

Are they here?

Question with 'hal'.

هم من أمريكا.

They are from America.

Prepositional phrase.

هم بخير.

They are fine.

Subject + Adjective.

هم في البيت.

They are in the house.

Subject + Prepositional phrase.

هم أصدقائي.

They are my friends.

Possessive 'i' attached to 'asdiqa'.

هم معلمون.

They are teachers.

Plural noun agreement.

ليس هم.

Not them.

Negation.

هم يدرسون العربية.

They study Arabic.

Present tense verb agreement (-una).

هم ذهبوا إلى السوق.

They went to the market.

Past tense verb agreement (-u).

أين كتبهم؟

Where are their books?

Attached pronoun -hum showing possession.

أريد أن أقابلهم.

I want to meet them.

Attached pronoun -hum as an object.

هم لا يحبون القهوة.

They do not like coffee.

Negation of present tense.

هل هم جاهزون؟

Are they ready?

Plural adjective agreement.

هم يسكنون في دبي.

They live in Dubai.

Present tense verb.

سلمت عليهم.

I greeted them.

Preposition 'ala' + attached pronoun.

هم الذين فازوا بالجائزة.

They are the ones who won the prize.

Relative pronoun 'alladhina'.

يبدو أنهم مشغولون جداً.

It seems that they are very busy.

Attached to 'anna'.

هم لم يسافروا بعد.

They haven't traveled yet.

Jussive case with 'lam'.

قال إنهم سيأتون غداً.

He said they will come tomorrow.

Future tense with 'sa-'.

هم يحاولون حل المشكلة.

They are trying to solve the problem.

Present continuous sense.

رأيتهم في الحديقة أمس.

I saw them in the park yesterday.

Verb + Object pronoun.

هم أكثر خبرة منا.

They are more experienced than us.

Comparative structure.

هل تعتقد أنهم سيوافقون؟

Do you think they will agree?

Complex question.

هم الذين يحددون المصير.

They are the ones who determine the fate.

Emphasis using 'hum'.

أولئك هم الصادقون.

Those, they are the truthful ones.

Damiir al-Fasl (Separating pronoun).

هم لم يتركوا أي أثر.

They left no trace.

Emphatic negation.

كانوا هم السبب في النجاح.

They were the reason for the success.

Used with 'Kana'.

هم يمثلون الجيل الجديد.

They represent the new generation.

Abstract subject.

لعلهم يجدون الطريق الصحيح.

Perhaps they will find the right way.

Used with 'La'alla'.

هم يطمحون إلى التغيير.

They aspire to change.

High-level vocabulary.

عرفت أنهم كانوا هناك.

I knew that they were there.

Nested clauses.

هم الغالبون في نهاية المطاف.

They are the victors in the end.

Definite predicate for exclusivity.

إنهم لفي شك مريب.

Indeed, they are in suspicious doubt.

Emphatic 'Lam' and 'Inna'.

هم وما يعبدون من دون الله.

They and what they worship besides Allah.

Conjunction with relative 'ma'.

هم يتخبطون في ضلالهم.

They are stumbling in their misguidance.

Metaphorical usage.

ما هم ببالغيه.

They will never reach it.

Negation with 'bi-' for emphasis.

هم يحسبون أنهم يحسنون صنعاً.

They think they are doing good.

Double pronoun usage.

هم وقود النار.

They are the fuel of the fire.

Metaphorical predicate.

هم أشد قوة منهم.

They are stronger than them.

Comparative with attached pronoun.

هم الذوات التي لا تتجزأ.

They are the indivisible essences.

Philosophical terminology.

أهم يقسمون رحمة ربك؟

Is it they who distribute the mercy of your Lord?

Interrogative 'Hamza' + 'Hum'.

هم في غمرة ساهون.

They are lost in the depths of heedlessness.

Classical Quranic phrasing.

هم الذين تفرقت بهم السبل.

They are those whose paths have diverged.

Complex relative structure.

هم ليسوا سوى أشباح الماضي.

They are nothing but ghosts of the past.

Literary metaphor.

هم ينسجون خيوط المؤامرة.

They are weaving the threads of the conspiracy.

Idiomatic literary expression.

هم بمأمن من الوعيد.

They are safe from the threat.

Formal prepositional structure.

هم يجسدون روح العصر.

They embody the zeitgeist.

Contemporary academic usage.

자주 쓰는 조합

هم الذين

هم أنفسهم

هم وحدهم

هم هناك

هم معاً

هم جميعاً

هم هكذا

هم أيضاً

هم فقط

هم الآن

자주 쓰는 구문

هم على حق

— They are right.

بعد التفكير، هم على حق.

هم في ورطة

— They are in trouble.

لقد خسروا المال، هم في ورطة.

هم من عائلة واحدة

— They are from one family.

يشبهون بعضهم، هم من عائلة واحدة.

هم لا يعرفون

— They don't know.

لا تسألهم، هم لا يعرفون.

هم في الطريق

— They are on the way.

اتصلوا بي، هم في الطريق.

هم أحرار

— They are free (to choose).

هذا قرارهم، هم أحرار.

هم تحت المراقبة

— They are under surveillance.

الشرطة تتبعهم، هم تحت المراقبة.

هم في أمان

— They are safe.

لا تقلق، هم في أمان.

هم يمزحون

— They are joking.

لا تصدقهم، هم يمزحون.

هم مستعدون

— They are ready.

السيارة هنا، هم مستعدون.

자주 혼동되는 단어

هم vs هو

He (singular) vs They (plural).

هم vs هن

They (feminine) vs They (masculine/mixed).

هم vs هما

They (dual - 2 people) vs They (plural - 3+).

관용어 및 표현

"هم وغم"

— Grief and distress (Note: here 'ham' is a noun, but often confused by learners).

عاش في هم وغم.

Literary

"هم على قلب رجل واحد"

— They are united (literally: on the heart of one man).

الفريق يعمل وهم على قلب رجل واحد.

Formal

"هم ملح الأرض"

— They are the salt of the earth (good, honest people).

الفلاحون هم ملح الأرض.

Poetic

"هم في وادٍ ونحن في واد"

— They are on a completely different wavelength than us.

لا نتفاهم أبداً، هم في وادٍ ونحن في واد.

Informal

"هم وجهان لعملة واحدة"

— They are two sides of the same coin.

الفقر والجهل، هم وجهان لعملة واحدة.

Neutral

"هم كالفراش المبثوث"

— They are like scattered moths (confused/numerous).

في الزحام، هم كالفراش المبثوث.

Quranic/Literary

"هم أصحاب الشأن"

— They are the ones in charge/concerned.

اسألهم، هم أصحاب الشأن.

Formal

"هم يد واحدة"

— They are one hand (united).

في الأزمات، هم يد واحدة.

Neutral

"هم في خبر كان"

— They are a thing of the past (literally: in the news of 'was').

تلك الإمبراطوريات، هم في خبر كان.

Literary

"هم حجر الزاوية"

— They are the cornerstone.

الشباب هم حجر الزاوية في المجتمع.

Formal

혼동하기 쉬운

هم vs هَمّ

Identical spelling (without vowels).

Hamma (verb/noun) means concern or worry. Hum is a pronoun.

هذا الأمر همّني كثيراً.

هم vs هُمَا

Similar sound.

Huma is for exactly two people. Hum is for three or more.

هما طالبان، وهم طلاب.

هم vs هنا

Starts with 'h'.

Huna means 'here'. Hum means 'they'.

هم هنا.

هم vs هِم

Similar spelling.

Him is the imperative of 'to wander' or a prefix in some dialects.

هِم في الأرض.

هم vs أهم

Contains 'hum'.

Ahamm means 'more important'.

هذا هو الأهم.

문장 패턴

هم + [Noun]

هم أطباء.

هم + [Adjective]

هم سعداء.

هم + [Verb-Present]

هم يركضون.

هم + [Verb-Past]

هم ناموا.

هم الذين + [Verb]

هم الذين سافروا.

إنهم + [Adjective]

إنهم ماهرون.

[Noun Plural] + هم + [Noun Definite]

المعلمون هم القادة.

ما هم بـ + [Noun/Adjective]

ما هم بخارجين منها.

어휘 가족

명사

동사

형용사

사용법

frequency

Extremely high; top 50 most used words in Arabic.

자주 하는 실수

Using 'هم' for two people. → Use 'هما'.
Arabic has a dual category that must be used for exactly two.
Using 'هم' for all-female groups. → Use 'هن'.
Formal Arabic requires the feminine plural for groups of women.
Forgetting verb agreement. → هم يلعبون (not هم يلعب).
The verb must reflect the plurality of the subject.
Using 'هم' for non-human plurals. → Use 'هي'.
Non-human plurals are treated as feminine singular in Arabic grammar.
Confusing 'Hum' with 'Ham' (worry). → Check context and vowels.
One is a pronoun, the other is a noun/verb.

팁

The Mixed Group Rule

Always default to 'هم' if the group is mixed. It's the safest bet for learners.

The M Closure

Ensure your lips fully close for the 'm' sound to distinguish it from 'huma'.

Connecting Suffixes

When adding '-hum' to a word ending in 'Alif', the Alif stays. Example: 'Raya' + 'hum' = 'Rayahum'.

Spotting the Subject

If a sentence starts with 'هم', look for a plural noun or a verb ending in 'una' next.

Respectful Reference

While 'هم' is neutral, using 'Hadharaatuhum' (Their Excellencies) is more formal for VIPs.

The 'Many' Mnemonic

Associate the 'M' in 'Hum' with 'Many' to remember it's plural.

Egyptian Variation

If you hear 'Humma', know it's just the local way of saying 'Hum'.

Separating Pronoun

Use 'هم' between two definite words to mean 'are the ones who'. Example: 'Al-fariq hum al-abtal' (The team are the heroes).

Suffix vs Word

Listen for whether 'hum' is a separate word or attached to the end of another word.

Synonym Choice

Use 'Ula'ika' (Those) for more dramatic or formal emphasis instead of 'Hum'.

암기하기

기억법

Think of a group of 'HUMans'. 'HUM' is for 'THEM'.

시각적 연상

Imagine three men standing in a row, and the letter 'M' in 'Hum' looks like two of them holding hands.

Word Web

They Them Their Masculine Plural Mixed Group Subject Pronoun

챌린지

Try to count all the groups of people you see today and say 'Hum' for every group that has at least one male.

어원

From the Proto-Semitic third-person plural masculine pronoun. It is cognate with Hebrew 'hem' and Syriac 'henon'.

원래 의미: They (masculine).

Afroasiatic, Semitic, Central Semitic, Arabic.

문화적 맥락

Be careful not to use 'هم' for an all-female group in formal settings, as it can be seen as erasing their gender identity.

English speakers often struggle with the gendered nature of 'they'. In English, 'they' is now also used as a singular neutral pronoun, which does not exist for 'هم' in Arabic.

The Quranic phrase 'أولئك هم المفلحون' (Those are the successful ones). Fairuz songs often use 'Hum' to refer to people of the past. Arabic news headlines starting with 'هم يطالبون...'

실생활에서 연습하기

실제 사용 상황

At School

هم طلاب مجتهدون
هم في الفصل
أين كتبهم؟
هم يدرسون الآن

In the Family

هم أقاربي
هم يسكنون بعيداً
أحبهم كثيراً
هم في إجازة

At Work

هم زملائي
هم في اجتماع
هم ينهون العمل
اتصل بهم

In the News

هم يرفضون الاتفاق
هم يطالبون بالحقوق
هم وصلوا إلى المطار
هم يمثلون الدولة

Describing People

هم طوال القامة
هم لطفاء جداً
هم من الصين
هم يتحدثون العربية

대화 시작하기

"هل تعرف من هم هؤلاء الناس؟ (Do you know who these people are?)"

"لماذا هم غاضبون اليوم؟ (Why are they angry today?)"

"هل هم من نفس العائلة؟ (Are they from the same family?)"

"متى سيصلون؟ هم تأخروا كثيراً. (When will they arrive? They are very late.)"

"هم يقولون إن الجو سيكون حاراً، ما رأيك؟ (They say the weather will be hot, what do you think?)"

일기 주제

Write about a group of friends. Use 'هم' to describe what they like to do together.

Describe a famous sports team using 'هم' and plural adjectives.

Imagine a group of travelers from another planet. Use 'هم' to describe their appearance.

Write about your ancestors. Where were they from? What did they do?

Observe a group of people in a cafe and write five sentences about them using 'هم'.

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

Only if there is at least one man in the group. If the group is 100% women, you must use 'هن' (Hunna) in formal Arabic.

No, 'هم' is for people. For non-human plurals (like books or cars), Arabic uses the feminine singular pronoun 'هي' (Hiya).

'هم' is the subject (They). '-hum' is the suffix for possession (Their) or object (Them). Example: 'هم يحبون بيتهم' (They love their house).

Just say 'هم'. Arabic doesn't use a word for 'are' in simple present tense sentences.

Yes, but the pronunciation changes. In Egypt, it's often 'humma'. In Lebanon/Syria, it's often 'henne'.

The independent pronoun 'هم' is always 'Marfu' (nominative). The attached version '-hum' can be 'Mansub' or 'Majrur'.

This is to prevent two silent consonants from meeting when the next word starts with 'Al-'. It's purely for pronunciation flow.

No, God is always referred to with the singular 'هو' (Huwa) or the royal 'نحن' (Nahnu), never the plural 'هم'.

Yes, it is the standard form in Modern Standard Arabic.

Add 'وا' to the end of the verb root. Example: كتب -> كتبوا.

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