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تقويض

B2 noun #6,000 가장 일반적인 9분 분량

تقويض

taqwid 상위 6,000

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설명 تقويض in your Level:

At the A1 level, you don't need to use the word 'تقويض' (Taqweeḍ) yet, as it is quite advanced. However, you can think of it as a very strong way to say 'breaking' or 'making something weak.' Imagine you have a house made of blocks. If you take the blocks from the very bottom, the house will fall. That 'taking from the bottom' is what 'تقويض' means. For now, just remember that in Arabic, there are special words for different kinds of breaking. This one is for breaking the 'base' or 'foundation' of big things like countries or big ideas. You might see it in a news headline, and you can recognize it by the letters Qaf (ق), Waw (و), and Dad (ض). It is a noun, which means it is a thing, not an action like 'to run' or 'to eat.' If you learn this word now, you will sound very smart later!

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At the A2 level, you are starting to learn more about how things work. The word 'تقويض' (Taqweeḍ) means 'undermining.' Think of it like this: if you have a friend and you tell lies about them to everyone, you are 'undermining' their reputation. You are making people not trust them anymore. In Arabic, we use this word for serious things. It is usually used in the news. For example, 'undermining peace' or 'undermining trust.' You can remember it by thinking of a tent. If you pull out the stakes (the things that hold the tent to the ground), the tent falls down. That action is 'Taqweeḍ.' Even if you don't use it in your daily speaking, you will start to see it in short news stories or articles about society. It is a formal word, so you won't use it with your friends at lunch, but you will use it when writing a report or talking about important problems.

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At the B1 level, you should begin to incorporate more precise vocabulary into your writing. 'تقويض' (Taqweeḍ) is a perfect word for this. It translates to 'undermining' or 'subverting.' It is specifically used when a process or an action weakens the foundation of something. For instance, if you are discussing social issues, you might say that 'poverty undermines the stability of families.' In Arabic, this would be 'الفقر يؤدي إلى تقويض استقرار الأسر.' Notice how 'تقويض' is followed by the thing being weakened. This word is much better than the simple word for 'weakening' (إضعاف) because it suggests that the damage is being done to the most important part—the foundation. You will find this word very useful when you have to give an opinion on a news topic or write an essay about a problem. It shows that you understand not just that something is getting worse, but *how* it is getting worse—from the bottom up.

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At the B2 level, 'تقويض' (Taqweeḍ) is a key vocabulary item for achieving fluency in formal contexts. It is defined as the act of gradually weakening or destroying a system, authority, or belief. You should be comfortable using it in both literal and metaphorical senses. In a political science context, you might discuss the 'undermining of democratic institutions' (تقويض المؤسسات الديمقراطية). In a psychological context, you might talk about 'undermining self-confidence' (تقويض الثقة بالنفس). You should also be aware of its verb form, 'قوّض' (to undermine). A B2 learner should be able to distinguish 'Taqweeḍ' from synonyms like 'Za'za'a' (destabilizing) or 'Takhreeb' (sabotage). 'Taqweeḍ' is unique because it emphasizes the structural nature of the damage. It is an essential word for discussing international relations, legal frameworks, and structural sociology. When you use this word, you are signaling that you are moving into the 'Upper Intermediate' range of Arabic proficiency, where you can handle complex and abstract topics with nuance.

For C1 learners, 'تقويض' (Taqweeḍ) is a versatile tool for sophisticated analysis. At this level, you should explore the word's rhetorical power. It is often used in polemics to accuse an opponent of not just disagreeing, but of actively destroying the foundations of a shared system. You should be able to use it in complex 'Idafa' chains and with nuanced adjectives. For example, 'التقويض المنهجي لأسس العدالة الاجتماعية' (The systematic undermining of the foundations of social justice). You should also understand its historical etymology—the dismantling of a tent—and how that cultural metaphor informs its modern usage. In C1 writing, you might use 'Taqweeḍ' to describe the deconstruction of a philosophical argument or the erosion of a cultural heritage. It is also important to recognize its use in passive or reflexive contexts, though the noun form remains the most common. Your ability to deploy 'Taqweeḍ' in a debate or a high-level academic paper will demonstrate a deep grasp of Arabic's formal register and its ability to convey structural collapse.

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At the C2 level, 'تقويض' (Taqweeḍ) is understood in its full semantic and stylistic depth. A C2 speaker recognizes the word not just as a synonym for 'undermining,' but as a specific rhetorical device that evokes the 'Bayt' (the house/tent) of Arabic tradition. You should be able to analyze how 'Taqweeḍ' is used in classical and modern literature to signify the existential collapse of an order. In high-level diplomacy or legal drafting, you would use this word to describe the 'subversion' of treaty obligations or the 'eroding' of sovereign authority with precise legal implications. You should also be familiar with related technical terms in fields like architecture (where it might describe structural compromise) or geology (where it might relate to the undermining of strata). At this level, you can use the word with subtle irony or within complex metaphors that play on its root meaning of 'unmaking a structure.' Mastery of 'Taqweeḍ' at C2 involves knowing exactly when its gravity is required and when a lighter word like 'Id'af' would be more appropriate, ensuring that your choice of vocabulary perfectly matches the intellectual weight of your subject matter.

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تقويض 30초 만에

Taqweeḍ (تقويض) is a formal Arabic noun meaning 'undermining' or 'subverting.' It refers to weakening foundations.
It is commonly used in political, legal, and social contexts to describe the erosion of stability, trust, or authority.
The word is derived from the image of dismantling a tent by pulling up its stakes, leading to a structural collapse.
It is a B2-level word that is essential for understanding news, academic texts, and official diplomatic statements in Arabic.

The Arabic word تقويض (Taqweeḍ) is a powerful and evocative noun derived from the root (ق-و-ض). Historically, this root was used in the context of dismantling or collapsing a tent, specifically the act of pulling up the stakes and causing the structure to fall. In modern usage, however, it has evolved into a sophisticated term used primarily in political, social, and structural contexts to describe the gradual weakening, subverting, or undermining of something substantial. Unlike a sudden explosion or a quick break, Taqweeḍ implies a process—often stealthy or systemic—where the foundations of an entity (be it a government, a relationship, or a physical structure) are eroded until the entire thing is at risk of collapse.

Core Concept: The fundamental idea is 'undermining from the base.' If you undermine a wall, you remove the stones at the bottom. If you undermine a leader, you slowly destroy their credibility among the people.

You will frequently encounter this word in news broadcasts and political analysis. For instance, when analysts talk about 'undermining regional stability,' they use تقويض الاستقرار الإقليمي. It is a favorite among journalists because it conveys a sense of gravity and deliberate harm. It is not just a mistake; it is an action that threatens the very core of an established system. In legal contexts, it might refer to actions that undermine the rule of law (تقويض سيادة القانون).

إن الفساد يؤدي إلى تقويض الثقة بين المواطن والدولة.
(Corruption leads to the undermining of trust between the citizen and the state.)

In a sociological sense, تقويض can describe the erosion of traditional values or social norms. When a new ideology challenges the existing social fabric, critics might describe this as an attempt at Taqweeḍ. The word carries a negative connotation 90% of the time, suggesting that the thing being undermined is something that was meant to be stable or protective. It is the linguistic equivalent of termites eating away at the wooden beams of a house; the damage is internal and structural.

Metaphorical Depth: The word evokes the image of a tent collapsing because its central poles have been compromised. This imagery is deeply rooted in the nomadic history of the Arabic language, where the tent (bayt) was the primary unit of security.

هذه الإشاعات تهدف إلى تقويض جهود السلام.
(These rumors aim to undermine peace efforts.)

In summary, تقويض is your go-to word for 'sabotage' or 'subversion' when the target is something foundational. It bridges the gap between physical demolition and abstract weakening, making it one of the most versatile and impactful nouns in the B2-C1 Arabic vocabulary spectrum. Whether discussing the erosion of a cliff or the subversion of a democratic election, this word provides the necessary weight and clarity.

Using تقويض correctly requires understanding its role as a verbal noun (Masdar). It usually functions as the first part of an 'Idafa' construction (possessive phrase), where it is followed by the thing being undermined. For example, if you want to say 'undermining the economy,' you say تقويض الاقتصاد. This structure is the most common way to deploy the word in formal writing and speech.

Grammatical Role: As a noun, it can be the subject of a sentence, the object of a verb, or follow a preposition. It is most frequently found as an object of verbs like 'aims to' (يهدف إلى) or 'leads to' (يؤدي إلى).

لا يمكننا السماح بـ تقويض الديمقراطية من الداخل.
(We cannot allow the undermining of democracy from within.)

When using it in a sentence, consider the 'agent' of the undermining. Is it a person, a policy, or a natural force? If it's a policy, you might say: 'The new tax policy contributes to the undermining of small businesses.' In Arabic: تساهم السياسة الضريبية الجديدة في تقويض الشركات الصغيرة. Notice how the preposition في (in) often connects the contributing factor to the act of undermining.

In more advanced contexts, you can use the verb form قوّض / يقوّض. For example: 'The scandal undermined his reputation.' (قوضت الفضيحة سمعته). However, the noun form تقويض is often preferred in analytical writing because it allows for more complex sentence structures. It can also be used with adjectives to specify the degree or type of undermining, such as تقويض منهجي (systematic undermining) or تقويض تدريجي (gradual undermining).

Collocation with 'Efforts': One of the most common pairings is with 'efforts' (جهود). Whenever someone tries to ruin a plan or a project, you describe it as 'undermining efforts' (تقويض الجهود).

أي محاولة لـ تقويض الوحدة الوطنية ستواجه بالحزم.
(Any attempt to undermine national unity will be met with firmness.)

Finally, remember that تقويض is not used for minor things. You wouldn't use it for 'undermining a sandwich.' It is reserved for foundations: the foundation of a building, the foundation of a belief, the foundation of a state, or the foundation of a relationship. It carries the weight of structural integrity.

To hear تقويض in the wild, you should tune into high-register Arabic media. This is not a word you will typically hear in a casual conversation at a café while ordering coffee. Instead, it is the bread and butter of news anchors on Al Jazeera, Al Arabiya, and BBC Arabic. In the world of diplomacy, it is a standard term used in official statements to condemn the actions of an adversary.

News & Politics: Whenever there is a conflict, you will hear phrases like 'undermining the peace process' (تقويض عملية السلام) or 'undermining international security' (تقويض الأمن الدولي). It is used to assign blame for the failure of stability.

المذيع: 'تتهم الحكومة المعارضة بـ تقويض مؤسسات الدولة.'
(Anchor: 'The government accuses the opposition of undermining state institutions.')

Academic lectures on political science, sociology, and philosophy are also prime locations for this word. A professor might discuss how certain economic theories undermine the social contract. In these settings, the word is used to describe theoretical deconstruction as well as practical weakening. If you are reading an editorial or an opinion piece in a major newspaper like Asharq Al-Awsat, you will likely encounter تقويض in the context of analyzing the impact of technology on privacy or the impact of populism on democracy.

In legal settings, particularly international law, تقويض is used to describe actions that violate treaties or systemic agreements. For example, 'undermining the sovereignty of a nation' (تقويض سيادة الدولة) is a common legal charge. It also appears in corporate settings when discussing 'undermining competition' or 'undermining market stability.' It is a word that signals professionalism and a high level of education in the speaker.

Literary Contexts: In modern Arabic literature, a writer might use the word metaphorically to describe the slow 'undermining' of a character's sanity or the 'undermining' of a family's legacy through scandal or debt.

كانت الخيانة هي المعول الذي بدأ بـ تقويض أركان بيتهما.
(Betrayal was the pickaxe that began undermining the pillars of their home.)

If you are preparing for the ALCPT, DLPT, or any advanced Arabic proficiency exam, mastering this word is essential. It is a 'high-yield' vocabulary item that appears frequently in reading comprehension passages about governance, history, and international relations.

One of the most frequent mistakes learners make with تقويض is confusing it with simple 'destruction' (تدمير - Tadmeer). While both involve something being ruined, تقويض is specific to the *foundations* and often implies a *gradual* or *internal* process. If a building is bombed, it is Tadmeer. If the ground underneath the building is slowly washed away by water until it sinks, that is Taqweeḍ.

Mistake #1: Over-generalization: Don't use 'تقويض' for small, non-foundational things. You cannot 'تقويض' a pen or a cup. You 'تقويض' systems, authorities, and structures.

❌ قوّضتُ الكرسي.
✅ قوّضتُ سلطة المدير.
(Don't say 'I undermined the chair.' Do say 'I undermined the manager's authority.')

Another common error is the confusion between تقويض and تحطيم (Taḥteem - smashing). Taḥteem is violent and external. Taqweeḍ is often subtle. If you 'smash' a record, it's Taḥteem. If you 'undermine' someone's confidence over months of gaslighting, it's Taqweeḍ. Learners often reach for the more common word 'destruction' because it's easier to remember, but using Taqweeḍ in the right context significantly elevates your language level.

A subtle mistake involves the root (ق-و-ض) vs (ق-ب-ض). قبض (Qabaḍa) means to seize or arrest. If you accidentally say Taqbeeḍ instead of Taqweeḍ, you are changing the meaning from 'undermining' to 'seizing' or 'contracting.' Pay close attention to the middle letter Waw (و) vs Ba (ب).

Register Mismatch: Using this word in a very casual dialect-heavy conversation might sound slightly 'out of place' or overly dramatic, like using 'subversion' while talking to a toddler. Stick to Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) contexts.

❌ إنك تقوض غدائي!
✅ إنك تقوض مستقبلي!
(Don't say 'You are undermining my lunch!' Do say 'You are undermining my future!')

Finally, remember that تقويض is a noun. If you need a verb, use قوّض (Form II). Many students try to use the noun as a verb, which is a common grammatical slip in Arabic across all vocabulary items.

While تقويض is a specific term, there are several synonyms and related words that you should know to vary your vocabulary. The choice depends on the nuance of the 'destruction' or 'weakening' you wish to convey.

زعزعة (Za'za'a): This means 'destabilizing' or 'shaking.' It is often used with 'stability' (استقرار). While Taqweeḍ means to weaken the foundation, Za'za'a means to make something shaky or unstable. They are very close and often used interchangeably in politics.
إضعاف (Id'af): This is the general word for 'weakening.' It is less dramatic than Taqweeḍ. If you weaken a muscle, you use Id'af. If you weaken a legal system's foundation, you use Taqweeḍ.
هدم (Hadm): This means 'demolishing' or 'tearing down.' It is more physical and total. Taqweeḍ is the process that leads to Hadm. If you undermine a wall long enough, you will eventually demolish it.

الفرق بين التقويض والهدم:
التقويض يبدأ من الأسفل وببطء، أما الهدم فهو الفعل النهائي للسقوط.
(The difference: Undermining starts from the bottom and slowly; demolition is the final act of falling.)

In a political context, you might also see تخريب (Takhreeb - sabotage). Takhreeb usually refers to physical damage or intentional wrecking of equipment or plans. Taqweeḍ is more about the abstract integrity of a system. If someone cuts the power lines, it is Takhreeb. If someone spreads misinformation to make people stop believing in the power company, it is Taqweeḍ.

Another interesting alternative is نخر (Nakhr - erosion/eating away). This is often used for bones (osteoporosis) or wood (termites). It is a very vivid way to describe Taqweeḍ when you want to emphasize the 'eating away from the inside' aspect. For example, 'Corruption is eating away at the body of the state' (الفساد ينخر في جسد الدولة).

Antonyms: The opposites of Taqweeḍ are words of building and strengthening, such as تعزيز (Ta'zeez - reinforcement), تدعيم (Tad'eem - supporting/propping up), and ترسيخ (Tarseekh - anchoring/solidifying).

Understanding these distinctions will help you choose the exactly right word for your context, making your Arabic sound more natural and precise.

How Formal Is It?

격식체

"إن تقويض سيادة القانون يهدد السلم المجتمعي."

중립

"هذا الإهمال سيؤدي لتقويض جودة العمل."

비격식체

"بلاش تقوض ثقتي فيك. (Dialect-influenced)"

Child friendly

"لا تخرب القلعة الرملية من الأسفل."

속어

"قوّضت السالفة كلها. (You ruined the whole story/vibe)"

재미있는 사실

In ancient times, 'Taqweeḍ al-Bayt' was a literal daily task for nomadic tribes. Today, it is a high-level political term used in the UN. It shows how language moves from concrete survival tasks to abstract political concepts.

발음 가이드

UK taq.wiːdˤ

US tæk.wiːd

The stress is on the second syllable: taq-WEEḌ.

라임이 맞는 단어

تفويض (Tafweeḍ - delegation) تعريض (Ta'reeḍ - exposing) تحريض (Taḥreeḍ - incitement) تعويض (Ta'weeḍ - compensation) تبييض (Tab-yeeḍ - whitening) ترويض (Tar-weeḍ - taming) تمريض (Tam-reeḍ - nursing) قريض (Qareeḍ - poetry)

자주 하는 실수

Pronouncing the 'q' as a 'k' (Takweed).
Pronouncing the heavy 'D' as a light 'd' (Taqweed).
Shortening the long 'ee' sound.

난이도

독해 4/5

Requires understanding of formal Masdar structures and political context.

쓰기 4/5

Spelling the heavy 'Dad' and using it in a proper Idafa is tricky for B1/B2.

말하기 5/5

Rarely used in casual speech; requires high-register situational awareness.

듣기 4/5

Common in news; requires distinguishing from similar sounding roots like Q-B-D.

다음에 무엇을 배울까

선수 학습

هدم (To demolish) أساس (Foundation) ضعيف (Weak) بناء (Building) نظام (System)

다음에 배울 것

زعزعة (Destabilizing) استنزاف (Depletion) تآكل (Erosion) تفكيك (Dismantling) تقادم (Obsolescence)

고급

الابستمولوجيا (Epistemology) البنيوية (Structuralism) تفكيكية (Deconstruction) الجيوسياسية (Geopolitics) السيادة (Sovereignty)

알아야 할 문법

Idafa Construction

تقويضُ الثقةِ (The undermining of trust) - first part is light, second is genitive.

Masdar as Subject

تقويضُ النظامِ أمرٌ مرفوضٌ. (Undermining the system is a rejected matter.)

Prepositional Usage

يؤدي إلى تقويضِ... (Leads to the undermining of...)

Adjective Agreement

التقويضُ المنهجيُ (The systematic undermining) - Adjective follows the noun.

Negation of Masdar

عدمُ تقويضِ الاستقرارِ (Non-undermining of stability / Not undermining stability).

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수준별 예문

الماء يسبب تقويض الجدار.

Water causes the undermining of the wall.

'تقويض' is a noun acting as the object of 'يسبب' (causes).

هذا الفعل سيء، هو تقويض للعمل.

This act is bad; it is an undermining of the work.

Simple 'Mubtada' and 'Khabar' (Subject and Predicate) structure.

تقويض البيت خطر.

Undermining the house is dangerous.

'Idafa' construction: تقويض (mudaf) + البيت (mudaf ilayh).

هم يريدون تقويض الفريق.

They want to undermine the team.

'تقويض' follows the verb 'يريدون' (they want).

الكذب هو تقويض للصدق.

Lying is an undermining of honesty.

Using 'هو' as a pronoun of separation for clarity.

تقويض القواعد ليس جيداً.

Undermining the rules is not good.

'ليس' is used to negate the sentence.

نحن نرفض تقويض النظام.

We reject the undermining of the system.

'نرفض' (we reject) takes 'تقويض' as a direct object.

تقويض الثقة صعب.

Undermining trust is difficult (serious).

Abstract noun 'الثقة' used in Idafa.

الإشاعات تؤدي إلى تقويض سمعة الشركة.

Rumors lead to undermining the company's reputation.

'تؤدي إلى' (leads to) always takes a prepositional phrase.

هذا القرار سيؤدي إلى تقويض جهودنا.

This decision will lead to undermining our efforts.

Future particle 'سـ' attached to the verb.

لا تحاول تقويض سلطة المعلم.

Do not try to undermine the teacher's authority.

'لا' (prohibitive) + 'تحاول' (jussive mood).

الفساد هو أكبر سبب لتقويض الدولة.

Corruption is the biggest cause for undermining the state.

'لـ' (for/to) preposition before 'تقويض'.

تقويض العلاقات بين الأصدقاء أمر محزن.

Undermining relationships between friends is a sad matter.

'بين' (between) used to show the scope of the relationships.

يجب منع تقويض القانون في المدينة.

The undermining of the law in the city must be prevented.

'يجب' (must) followed by the subject 'منع'.

الإهمال يساهم في تقويض المباني القديمة.

Neglect contributes to undermining old buildings.

'يساهم في' (contributes to) is a common collocation.

الخلافات العائلية تسبب تقويض الروابط.

Family disputes cause the undermining of bonds.

Plural 'الروابط' (bonds/links).

تسعى المنظمة إلى منع تقويض حقوق الإنسان.

The organization seeks to prevent the undermining of human rights.

'تسعى إلى' (seeks to) is a formal verb phrase.

إن تقويض الأمن القومي هو جريمة كبرى.

Undermining national security is a major crime.

'إن' (verily/indeed) starts the sentence for emphasis.

يؤثر الفقر بشكل مباشر على تقويض الاستقرار الاجتماعي.

Poverty directly affects the undermining of social stability.

'بشكل مباشر' (directly) acts as an adverbial phrase.

حذّر الخبراء من تقويض قيمة العملة المحلية.

Experts warned against undermining the value of the local currency.

'حذّر من' (warned against) is the standard construction.

يهدف هذا القانون إلى تقويض الاحتكارات في السوق.

This law aims to undermine monopolies in the market.

'يهدف إلى' (aims to) expresses purpose.

لا يمكن تجاهل محاولات تقويض الديمقراطية.

Attempts to undermine democracy cannot be ignored.

Passive construction 'لا يمكن تجاهل' (cannot be ignored).

تقويض الثقة بين الشركاء ينهي المشروع.

Undermining trust between partners ends the project.

The Masdar 'تقويض' acts as the subject of 'ينهي'.

تعمل الحكومة على مواجهة تقويض الاقتصاد.

The government is working on confronting the undermining of the economy.

'تعمل على' (working on) + 'مواجهة' (confronting).

تعتبر هذه السياسات بمثابة تقويض ممنهج للطبقة الوسطى.

These policies are considered a systematic undermining of the middle class.

'بمثابة' (equivalent to/as) is a high-level comparative phrase.

أدت الفضيحة إلى تقويض مصداقية الحزب الحاكم.

The scandal led to undermining the credibility of the ruling party.

'مصداقية' (credibility) is a frequent object of Taqweeḍ.

يخشى المحللون من تقويض أسس النظام العالمي الحالي.

Analysts fear the undermining of the foundations of the current world order.

'أسس' (foundations) reinforces the meaning of Taqweeḍ.

إن الهجمات السيبرانية تستهدف تقويض البنية التحتية للدولة.

Cyber attacks target the undermining of the state's infrastructure.

'تستهدف' (target) shows intentionality.

لا ينبغي أن نسمح للمصالح الشخصية بتقويض الصالح العام.

We should not allow personal interests to undermine the public good.

'بـ' preposition used after 'نسمح لـ... بـ'.

تقويض استقلالية القضاء يهدد العدالة في المجتمع.

Undermining the independence of the judiciary threatens justice in society.

'استقلالية' (independence) is an abstract noun.

حاول الخطاب تقويض حجة المعارضة من خلال الأرقام.

The speech tried to undermine the opposition's argument through figures.

'من خلال' (through/by means of) indicates the method.

هناك محاولات لتقويض السيادة الوطنية عبر التدخل الخارجي.

There are attempts to undermine national sovereignty through foreign interference.

'عبر' (via/across) is a synonym for 'من خلال'.

يمثل هذا التشريع تقويضاً صريحاً لمبادئ الدستور.

This legislation represents an explicit undermining of constitutional principles.

'تقويضاً' is in the accusative (Mansub) as it is the predicate of 'يمثل'.

إن التقويض التدريجي لمكانة اللغة العربية يثير القلق.

The gradual undermining of the status of the Arabic language is concerning.

'التدريجي' (gradual) is an adjective qualifying 'التقويض'.

تسعى القوى الاستعمارية دائماً إلى تقويض وحدة الشعوب.

Colonial powers always seek to undermine the unity of peoples.

'دائماً' (always) is an adverb of frequency.

لا يمكن فصل تقويض القيم عن التغيرات التكنولوجية المتسارعة.

The undermining of values cannot be separated from rapid technological changes.

'لا يمكن فصل... عن' (cannot be separated from) is a complex structure.

أدى الصراع الداخلي إلى تقويض قدرة الدولة على تقديم الخدمات.

Internal conflict led to undermining the state's ability to provide services.

'قدرة' (ability) is the object of the Idafa.

يتم تقويض الثقافة المحلية من خلال العولمة الثقافية الجارفة.

Local culture is being undermined through sweeping cultural globalization.

Passive voice 'يتم تقويض' (is being undermined).

إن تقويض الثقة في المؤسسات العلمية يفتح الباب للخرافات.

Undermining trust in scientific institutions opens the door to myths.

'يفتح الباب لـ' (opens the door to) is a common idiom.

كان الهدف من العملية هو تقويض الروح المعنوية للجنود.

The goal of the operation was to undermine the morale of the soldiers.

'الروح المعنوية' (morale) is a fixed expression.

تتجلى خطورة هذا الفكر في تقويضه للنسيج الاجتماعي المتماسك.

The danger of this ideology is manifest in its undermining of the cohesive social fabric.

'تقويضه' includes a possessive suffix referring back to 'الفكر'.

إن التقويض الابستمولوجي للمفاهيم التقليدية هو سمة الحداثة.

The epistemological undermining of traditional concepts is a feature of modernity.

'الابستمولوجي' (epistemological) is a highly academic adjective.

لا يجوز التذرع بالحرية لتقويض أسس التعايش السلمي.

It is not permissible to use freedom as a pretext to undermine the foundations of peaceful coexistence.

'التذرع بـ' (using as a pretext) is a formal legalistic phrase.

يسعى هذا النقد إلى تقويض السردية الرسمية للتاريخ.

This critique seeks to undermine the official narrative of history.

'السردية' (narrative) is a key term in C2 humanities.

إن تقويض المرجعية الدينية أدى إلى فراغ روحي في المجتمع.

The undermining of religious authority has led to a spiritual vacuum in society.

'المرجعية' (authority/reference point) is a sophisticated term.

يمكن اعتبار التضخم وسيلة لتقويض القوة الشرائية للمواطنين.

Inflation can be considered a means of undermining the purchasing power of citizens.

'القوة الشرائية' (purchasing power) is a standard economic term.

إن استمرار العجز المالي يهدد بتقويض أركان الدولة.

The continuation of the fiscal deficit threatens to undermine the pillars of the state.

'أركان' (pillars) is the classic metaphorical partner for Taqweeḍ.

يهدف التضليل الإعلامي إلى تقويض قدرة الجمهور على التمييز.

Media disinformation aims to undermine the public's ability to discern.

'التمييز' (discernment/differentiation) is used here as an abstract noun.

동의어

هدم إضعاف زعزعة تخريب نقض

반의어

بناء تدعيم تعزيز

자주 쓰는 조합

تقويض الاستقرار

تقويض الثقة

تقويض الديمقراطية

تقويض الجهود

تقويض السيادة

تقويض أركان

تقويض الاقتصاد

تقويض السلطة

تقويض القانون

تقويض السلام

자주 쓰는 구문

تقويض أركان الدولة

— Undermining the very foundations of the state. Used in high political discourse.

الخيانة العظمى هي تقويض لأركان الدولة.

تقويض المساعي الحميدة

— Undermining good-willed efforts or mediation. Used in diplomacy.

نرفض أي تدخل لتقويض المساعي الحميدة.

تقويض السلم الأهلي

— Undermining civil peace or social harmony. Used in sociology.

الفتنة تؤدي إلى تقويض السلم الأهلي.

تقويض المبادئ

— Undermining principles or values. Used in ethics.

هذا السلوك يمثل تقويضاً للمبادئ الإنسانية.

تقويض المكانة

— Undermining someone's status or position. Used in social contexts.

حاول تقويض مكانة منافسه في العمل.

تقويض الحجج

— Undermining or debunking arguments. Used in debates.

استطاع المحامي تقويض حجج الادعاء.

تقويض البنية

— Undermining the structure or infrastructure. Used in engineering/politics.

الزلزال تسبب في تقويض البنية التحتية.

تقويض الشرعية

— Undermining legitimacy. Used in legal/political contexts.

المقاطعة تهدف لتقويض شرعية الانتخابات.

تقويض الروح المعنوية

— Undermining morale. Used in military/sports contexts.

الهزيمة تسببت في تقويض الروح المعنوية.

تقويض الوفاق

— Undermining consensus or agreement. Used in politics.

هذه التصريحات تهدف لتقويض الوفاق الوطني.

자주 혼동되는 단어

تقويض vs نقض (Naqḍ)

Naqḍ means to violate or break a contract/oath, while Taqweeḍ is the structural weakening of a foundation.

تقويض vs تخريب (Takhreeb)

Takhreeb is sabotage or physical damage, often quick. Taqweeḍ is usually a slower, structural process.

تقويض vs إضعاف (Id'af)

Id'af is the general word for 'weakening.' Taqweeḍ is a specific, more intense type of weakening targeting foundations.

관용어 및 표현

"تقويض خيام"

— Literally 'collapsing tents,' but used to mean ending a gathering or a state of being.

قوضوا خيامهم ورحلوا.

Literary

"ضرب في الأساس"

— Striking at the base. A conceptual idiom related to Taqweeḍ.

هذه السياسة تضرب في أساس المجتمع.

Neutral

"قطع عرق"

— To cut a vein (to end something completely). Often used alongside Taqweeḍ.

هذا القرار قطع عرق الأمل.

Informal

"هدم المعبد على من فيه"

— To pull down the temple on everyone inside (total destruction of a system).

قرر تقويض الحزب وهدم المعبد على من فيه.

Literary

"نزع الفتيل"

— To remove the fuse (the opposite of Taqweeḍ, to prevent collapse).

علينا نزع الفتيل قبل تقويض الاستقرار.

Formal

"حجر الزاوية"

— The cornerstone (what Taqweeḍ targets).

العدل هو حجر الزاوية الذي يحمي من التقويض.

Formal

"أوهن من بيت العنكبوت"

— Weaker than a spider's web (describing a structure already undermined).

أصبح نظامهم أوهن من بيت العنكبوت بعد التقويض.

Religious/Literary

"سوس ينخر"

— Woodworm eating away (describing the process of Taqweeḍ).

الفساد سوس ينخر في عظام الدولة.

Literary

"قلب الطاولة"

— Turning the table (a sudden form of Taqweeḍ).

سعى لقلب الطاولة وتقويض الاتفاق.

Informal

"قصقصة أجنحة"

— Clipping wings (undermining power/ability).

حاولوا تقويض نفوذه عبر قصقصة أجنحته.

Informal

혼동하기 쉬운

تقويض vs تفويض (Tafweeḍ)

Sounds almost identical, only one letter difference (F vs Q).

Tafweeḍ means 'delegation' or 'authorization'. Taqweeḍ means 'undermining'.

حصل على تفويض (He got authorization) vs حصل تقويض (Undermining occurred).

تقويض vs تعويض (Ta'weeḍ)

Similar rhythm and ending.

Ta'weeḍ means 'compensation' or 'reimbursement'.

طلب تعويضاً (He asked for compensation).

تقويض vs تحريض (Taḥreeḍ)

Similar structure and formal register.

Taḥreeḍ means 'incitement' (urging someone to do something bad).

التحريض على العنف (Incitement to violence).

تقويض vs قضاء (Qaḍā')

Shares two root letters.

Qaḍā' means 'judiciary' or 'fate' or 'eliminating'.

القضاء على الفقر (Eliminating poverty).

تقويض vs نقض (Naqḍ)

Same semantic field of 'breaking'.

Naqḍ is for specific things like promises or laws. Taqweeḍ is for systems and structures.

نقض العهد (Breaking the covenant).

문장 패턴

[Noun] هو تقويض لـ [Noun]

الكذب هو تقويض للثقة.

[Subject] يسبب تقويض [Object]

الماء يسبب تقويض الجدار.

يؤدي [Subject] إلى تقويض [Object]

الفقر يؤدي إلى تقويض التعليم.

يهدف [Subject] إلى تقويض [Object]

العدو يهدف إلى تقويض جيشنا.

يعتبر [Subject] بمثابة تقويض لـ [Object]

هذا القرار يعتبر بمثابة تقويض للقانون.

لا يمكن السماح بـ تقويض [Object]

لا يمكن السماح بتقويض الأمن.

التقويض [Adjective] لـ [Object] يثير [Emotion]

التقويض التدريجي للقيم يثير القلق.

تتجلى [Abstract Noun] في تقويض [Object]

تتجلى الأزمة في تقويض النسيج الاجتماعي.

어휘 가족

명사

동사

형용사

사용법

frequency

High in news and formal writing; low in daily conversation.

자주 하는 실수

Using 'تقويض' for physical breaking of small objects. → Using 'كسر' or 'تحطيم' for small objects.
'Taqweeḍ' is for foundations and systems, not for a broken glass or a pencil.
Pronouncing it as 'Takweed'. → Pronouncing it with a deep 'Qaf' (ق).
The 'Qaf' is essential. 'Takweed' (تكويد) actually means 'coding' in some modern contexts.
Mixing it up with 'Tafweeḍ' (delegation). → Paying attention to the 'Q' vs 'F'.
One letter changes 'undermining' into 'giving authority'. This is a critical mistake in professional settings.
Using it as a verb without conjugation. → Using 'قوّض' as the verb.
'Taqweeḍ' is a noun. You cannot say 'He Taqweeḍ the house.' You must say 'He Qawwaḍa the house.'
Forgetting the 'Waw' (و) in the middle. → Writing it as تقويض.
Some students write 'تقيض' (Taqeeḍ), which is a different word related to 'opposite' or 'exchange'.

팁

Build Word Pairs

Always learn 'تقويض' with its common partners: الاستقرار (stability), الثقة (trust), and الجهود (efforts).

Master the Idafa

Remember that the word after 'تقويض' will almost always have a 'Kasra' (genitive case) because it is an Idafa construction.

Read the News

Look for this word in the headlines of Al Jazeera or BBC Arabic to see it used in real-time political situations.

The Tent Image

Always go back to the image of pulling a tent's stakes. It helps you remember that this word is about the *base* of a thing.

Use Adjectives

Add 'منهجي' (systematic) to 'تقويض' to make your writing sound like a professional analyst.

Listen for the 'Qaf'

The deep 'Q' sound is a giveaway. If you hear a soft 'K', it's likely a different word.

Register Awareness

Save this word for formal writing or serious debates. Don't use it for small daily problems.

Root Power

Knowing the root Q-W-D helps you connect it to other words about dismantling and structural change.

Swap with Za'za'a

If you are writing an essay, try using 'تقويض' in one paragraph and 'زعزعة' in the next to show vocabulary range.

Daily Sentence

Try to find one thing in the news today that is being 'undermined' and write a sentence about it using 'تقويض'.

암기하기

기억법

Think of 'Taq-WEED'. Just like weeds grow under the ground and 'undermine' your garden's foundation, 'Taqweeḍ' undermines a system.

시각적 연상

Visualize a large desert tent. Imagine someone pulling the central pole (the 'Qawd'). The whole thing collapses. That is Taqweeḍ.

Word Web

Structure Foundation Weakening Subversion Politics Trust Stability Collapse

챌린지

Try to use the word in a sentence about a relationship, then a sentence about a building, then a sentence about a government. Notice the common theme of 'foundations'.

어원

From the Arabic root (ق-و-ض), which originally related to the physical act of dismantling a tent (bayt) or a structure.

원래 의미: To pull up the pegs and collapse the tent, effectively 'unmaking' the home.

Semitic / Afroasiatic.

문화적 맥락

Be careful when using this word in political discussions; it is a very strong accusation.

In English, we say 'undermining' which uses the image of digging a mine under a wall. Arabic uses 'Taqweeḍ' which uses the image of collapsing a tent. Both use structural metaphors.

Used in many poems by Mahmoud Darwish to describe the 'undermining' of the Palestinian landscape. Frequent in the speeches of historical Arab leaders like Gamal Abdel Nasser regarding colonial subversion.

실생활에서 연습하기

실제 사용 상황

Political Analysis

تقويض الاستقرار
تقويض المؤسسات
تقويض العملية الديمقراطية
تقويض النفوذ

Legal Proceedings

تقويض سيادة القانون
تقويض العدالة
تقويض الأدلة
تقويض حقوق الإنسان

Social Issues

تقويض القيم
تقويض الروابط الأسرية
تقويض الثقة العامة
تقويض الهوية

Economic Reports

تقويض القوة الشرائية
تقويض النمو
تقويض السوق الحرة
تقويض العملة

Psychology/Personal

تقويض الثقة بالنفس
تقويض العزيمة
تقويض الطموح
تقويض الروح المعنوية

대화 시작하기

"هل تعتقد أن وسائل التواصل الاجتماعي تساهم في تقويض الخصوصية؟ (Do you think social media contributes to undermining privacy?)"

"كيف يمكننا منع تقويض الثقة بين الشعوب المختلفة؟ (How can we prevent the undermining of trust between different peoples?)"

"هل يمكن للفساد أن يؤدي إلى تقويض أركان الدولة تماماً؟ (Can corruption lead to the complete undermining of the state's pillars?)"

"ما هي العوامل التي تؤدي إلى تقويض الروابط الأسرية في العصر الحديث؟ (What are the factors that lead to undermining family bonds in the modern era?)"

"كيف يؤثر التضخم على تقويض القوة الشرائية للناس؟ (How does inflation affect the undermining of people's purchasing power?)"

일기 주제

Write about a time when you felt someone was trying to undermine your efforts. How did you react? (استخدم كلمة 'تقويض')

Discuss the impact of fake news on undermining democracy in the digital age.

Reflect on how internal doubts can undermine one's success and goals.

Analyze a historical event where the undermining of a foundation led to a major collapse.

Describe the feeling of seeing a long-term project being undermined by small mistakes.

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

Yes, it can be used for buildings, particularly when the foundation is compromised. However, it is much more common in metaphorical contexts like politics and society.

The verb is 'قوّض' (Qawwaḍa), which belongs to Form II. Example: 'قوّض البيت' (He undermined/dismantled the house).

Yes, 'تقويض' is an excellent word for 'sabotage' when the sabotage targets a system or a foundation. For physical sabotage of equipment, 'تخريب' is better.

Almost always. Undermining foundations is usually seen as a harmful or destructive act. In rare philosophical contexts, it might be used neutrally for 'deconstructing' an idea.

It is the 'Dad' (ض). You must press your tongue against the upper molars and create a heavy, resonant 'D' sound, unlike the light English 'd'.

'Taqweeḍ' is the process of weakening the base. 'Hadm' is the final result of falling or being torn down. Taqweeḍ leads to Hadm.

Yes, you can say 'تقويض الثقة في العلاقة' (undermining trust in the relationship). It sounds very serious and formal.

The plural is 'تقويضات' (Taqweeḍāt), but it is rarely used because the word usually refers to a singular process.

No. 'Judge' comes from the root Q-D-Y (ق-ض-ي). 'Taqweeḍ' comes from Q-W-D (ق-و-ض). They are different roots.

Because it is a high-register, abstract noun used in complex political and social analysis, which is typical of the B2-C1 CEFR range.

무료 가입하고 팁과 노트 보기