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A2 noun #2,500 가장 일반적인 10분 분량

بناء

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설명 بناء in your Level:
At the A1 level, learners are introduced to the word 'بناء' (binaa') in its most basic, concrete sense: a physical building. Beginners learn to identify common places in their environment, such as houses, schools, and hospitals, and 'binaa' serves as the general term for any of these structures. The focus is on simple recognition and basic descriptive sentences. For example, a learner might say 'هذا بناء' (This is a building) or 'البناء كبير' (The building is big). Vocabulary at this stage is highly visual and tied to immediate surroundings. Teachers often use flashcards showing different types of buildings to reinforce the word. Students also learn basic adjectives to pair with 'binaa', such as 'kabeer' (big), 'sagheer' (small), 'qadeem' (old), and 'jadeed' (new). The grammatical focus is on simple nominal sentences (Mubtada and Khabar) without complex conjugations or plural forms. The goal is simply to build a foundational vocabulary that allows the learner to navigate a city or describe a picture. Pronunciation practice emphasizes the final hamza to ensure clarity. Cultural context might briefly touch upon the difference between traditional and modern buildings in Arab cities, but the primary objective remains basic communication and vocabulary acquisition.
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At the A2 level, the understanding of 'بناء' expands significantly. Learners begin to use the word in more complex sentences and encounter its plural forms, 'أبنية' (abniyah) and 'مباني' (mabaani). They learn to express location using prepositions, such as 'في البناء' (in the building) or 'أمام البناء' (in front of the building). The vocabulary broadens to include related terms like 'شقة' (apartment) and 'طابق' (floor), allowing learners to describe where they live or work in greater detail. Furthermore, A2 learners are introduced to the concept of 'بناء' as a verbal noun (Masdar), meaning the act of construction. They might encounter phrases like 'قيد البناء' (under construction) on signs or in simple texts. The grammatical focus shifts to using 'بناء' in the construct state (Idafa), such as 'بناء المدرسة' (the school building). This level also introduces basic abstract uses, such as 'بناء الأسرة' (building a family), though the primary focus remains on physical structures. Listening and reading exercises involve short descriptions of neighborhoods or cities, where 'بناء' is a key vocabulary item. Learners practice asking and answering questions about buildings, such as 'متى تم بناء هذا؟' (When was this built?), bridging the gap between the noun and its root verb.
At the B1 level, learners engage with 'بناء' in a much more versatile and nuanced manner. The word is frequently encountered in news articles, opinion pieces, and everyday discussions about urban development, society, and the economy. Learners are expected to comfortably use both the physical and abstract meanings of the word. They will discuss topics like 'بناء المجتمع' (building society) or 'بناء الثقة' (building trust) in essays and conversations. The vocabulary expands to include collocations such as 'مواد البناء' (building materials) and 'إعادة البناء' (reconstruction), which are crucial for discussing current events in the Middle East. Grammatically, learners practice using the formal phrase 'بناءً على' (based on / according to) to structure arguments and express cause and effect. They also learn to differentiate 'بناء' from synonyms like 'مبنى' (mabna), 'عمارة' (imara), and 'منشأة' (munsha'a), choosing the most appropriate word for the context. Reading comprehension exercises involve longer texts about architecture, history, or social issues, where 'بناء' plays a central thematic role. Speaking practice involves giving presentations or participating in debates where they must construct (بناء) logical arguments. The focus is on fluency, accuracy, and expanding the semantic range of the word.
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At the B2 level, the use of 'بناء' becomes highly sophisticated and academic. Learners encounter the word in complex literary, political, and scientific texts. The abstract applications of 'بناء' are paramount; learners discuss the 'بناء' of a novel (plot structure), the 'بناء' of an argument (logical framework), or the 'بناء' of a state (state-building). They are expected to understand and use advanced collocations and idiomatic expressions effortlessly. In grammar, the term 'بناء' takes on its specialized linguistic meaning, referring to the indeclinability of certain Arabic words (Mabni). Learners study the rules of 'بناء' and 'إعراب' (declension) in depth. Writing tasks require the use of 'بناءً على' in formal reports, essays, and official correspondence. The vocabulary surrounding the word includes specialized terms from architecture, engineering, and sociology. Listening comprehension involves understanding news broadcasts, lectures, and interviews where 'بناء' is used rapidly and in diverse contexts. Learners are encouraged to analyze how the concept of 'building' is used metaphorically in Arabic culture to represent progress, stability, and heritage. Mastery at this level means using the word with the precision and natural flow of an educated native speaker.
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At the C1 level, learners possess a near-native command of the word 'بناء' and its myriad applications. They engage with highly specialized texts, such as legal documents, philosophical treatises, and advanced literary criticism, where 'بناء' is used to describe intricate conceptual frameworks. The focus is on stylistic nuance and rhetorical effectiveness. Learners analyze the 'بناء' of classical Arabic poetry (the structure of the Qasida) or the 'بناء' of complex legal arguments. They use the word to articulate sophisticated ideas about nation-building, institutional development, and structural reforms in political and economic discourse. The phrase 'بناءً على' is used seamlessly to synthesize information from multiple sources in academic writing. Learners are also fully conversant with the grammatical concept of 'بناء' in classical Arabic syntax (Nahw), understanding the historical and linguistic debates surrounding it. Vocabulary includes rare or highly specific derivatives of the root ب-ن-ي. Speaking and writing at this level demonstrate a deep understanding of how 'بناء' functions not just as a vocabulary item, but as a core conceptual metaphor in Arabic thought, representing the transition from chaos to order, and from potential to realization.
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At the C2 level, the mastery of 'بناء' is absolute, reflecting a profound, academic, and cultural understanding of the Arabic language. Learners at this stage can deconstruct and manipulate the word in any context, from the most esoteric literary analysis to highly technical engineering specifications. They appreciate the etymological depth of the root ب-ن-ي and its historical evolution across different eras of Arabic literature. In academic discourse, they might write dissertations on the 'بناء' of specific socio-political movements or the structuralist 'بناء' of modern Arabic fiction. They understand regional variations and dialectal nuances in how the word and its synonyms are used across the Arab world. The grammatical concept of 'بناء' is understood at the level of a specialized linguist. They can effortlessly employ the word in extemporaneous, high-level debates, using it to build complex, multi-layered arguments. At this pinnacle of language proficiency, 'بناء' is not just a word to be translated, but a fundamental concept through which the speaker interprets and articulates the structural realities of the world, demonstrating complete fluency, precision, and cultural resonance.
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연습하기 예시 노트와 팁

بناء 30초 만에

  • A physical structure with walls and a roof.
  • The act or process of constructing something.
  • Metaphorically used for developing abstract concepts.
  • In grammar, it means a word is indeclinable.

The Arabic word بناء (binaa') is a fundamental noun in the Arabic language, primarily translating to 'building', 'structure', or 'construction'. It is derived from the root verb بَنَى (banay), which means 'to build' or 'to construct'. Understanding this word is essential for learners at the A2 level as it frequently appears in everyday conversations, news, and literature. The concept of 'binaa' extends beyond mere physical structures like houses, skyscrapers, or monuments; it also encompasses abstract concepts such as the building of a society, the construction of an argument, or the formation of a team. In its physical sense, a 'binaa' refers to any structure with a roof and walls, designed for human habitation, commerce, or storage. When you walk through a city, every residential block, office tower, and shopping mall is a 'binaa'.

Physical Meaning
Refers to tangible structures made of concrete, wood, or steel, such as homes and offices.

هذا بناء شاهق في وسط المدينة.

This is a towering building in the city center.

Furthermore, the term is deeply embedded in the cultural and historical context of the Arab world, where architecture and construction have always played a pivotal role. From the ancient pyramids to modern-day marvels in Dubai, the word 'binaa' captures the essence of human ingenuity and progress. In grammar, 'binaa' can also refer to the indeclinability of a word, showing its versatility across different fields of study.

Abstract Meaning
Used to describe the development or establishment of concepts, like 'binaa al-mujtama' (building society).

نحن نعمل على بناء مستقبل أفضل.

We are working on building a better future.

When using 'binaa' in a sentence, it is important to note its plural forms, which are 'abniyah' (أبنية) or 'mabaanin' (مباني). The choice between these plurals often depends on the specific dialect or the formality of the context. In Modern Standard Arabic (MSA), both are widely accepted and understood. The word also forms the basis for many compound terms and collocations. For instance, 'mawaad al-binaa' refers to building materials, while 'i'aadat al-binaa' means reconstruction. These phrases are incredibly common in news reports dealing with urban development or post-conflict recovery.

Grammatical Context
In Arabic grammar (Nahw), 'binaa' refers to words that have a fixed ending regardless of their position in a sentence.

تم الانتهاء من بناء المدرسة الجديدة.

The construction of the new school has been completed.

To truly master the word 'binaa', learners should practice incorporating it into various contexts. Whether you are describing your neighborhood, discussing a construction project, or talking about personal development, 'binaa' is a versatile and indispensable vocabulary item. By recognizing its root and related forms, you unlock a broader understanding of Arabic morphology and vocabulary expansion.

هناك بناء تاريخي بالقرب من النهر.

There is a historical building near the river.

تكلفة بناء المنزل مرتفعة جداً.

The cost of building the house is very high.

Using the word بناء correctly involves understanding its syntactic roles and common collocations. As a noun, it can function as a subject, object, or part of a prepositional phrase. When referring to a physical structure, it is often modified by adjectives to describe its size, age, or purpose. For example, 'binaa qadeem' (بناء قديم) means an old building, while 'binaa hadeeth' (بناء حديث) means a modern building. It is crucial to match the gender of the adjective with the noun; since 'binaa' is masculine, the adjectives modifying it must also be masculine.

As a Subject
When 'binaa' is the subject of a nominal sentence, it takes the nominative case (Marfu').

الـبناء ضخم جداً.

The building is very huge.

In addition to its physical description, 'binaa' is frequently used in the construct state (Idafa) to indicate possession or association. For instance, 'binaa al-sharika' (بناء الشركة) translates to 'the company's building'. This structure is highly common in Arabic and is essential for forming complex ideas. Furthermore, 'binaa' can be used to express the process of construction. In this sense, it acts as a verbal noun (Masdar). For example, 'binaa al-jisr' (بناء الجسر) means 'the building of the bridge' or 'constructing the bridge'.

As an Object
When acting as the object of a verb, 'binaa' takes the accusative case (Mansub).

رأيت بناءً جميلاً اليوم.

I saw a beautiful building today.

When discussing abstract concepts, 'binaa' is often paired with words related to society, character, or relationships. 'Binaa al-thiqa' (بناء الثقة) means 'building trust', a crucial phrase in business and interpersonal communication. Similarly, 'binaa al-shakhsiyya' (بناء الشخصية) refers to 'character building'. These abstract uses demonstrate the metaphorical power of the word, extending its utility far beyond architecture and engineering.

In Prepositional Phrases
Following a preposition, 'binaa' takes the genitive case (Majrur).

نحن نعيش في بناء سكني.

We live in a residential building.

To practice using 'binaa', try creating sentences that describe your surroundings. Look out the window and describe the buildings you see using different adjectives. Then, try writing a short paragraph about the importance of 'building' good habits. This dual approach will solidify your understanding of both the literal and figurative meanings of the word.

المشروع لا يزال قيد الـبناء.

The project is still under construction.

بناءً على طلبك، قمنا بإلغاء الطلب.

Based on your request, we canceled the order.

The word بناء is ubiquitous in the Arabic-speaking world, encountered in a wide variety of contexts ranging from casual street conversations to formal news broadcasts. If you are traveling in an Arab country, you will frequently hear this word when asking for directions. Locals might use landmarks to guide you, saying things like 'go past the tall binaa' or 'it is next to the old binaa'. In urban environments, where construction is a constant reality, the term is a staple of daily vocabulary. You will see it on signs around construction sites, often written as 'mashroo' binaa' (مشروع بناء), meaning 'construction project'.

News and Media
Frequently used in reports about urban development, infrastructure, and economy.

أعلنت الحكومة عن خطة بناء جديدة.

The government announced a new construction plan.

In the realm of news and media, 'binaa' is a high-frequency word. Economic reports often discuss the 'qitaa' al-binaa' (قطاع البناء), which translates to the 'construction sector'. This sector is a major driver of economic growth in many Middle Eastern countries, making the word essential for anyone interested in business or economics. Furthermore, political discourse frequently employs the abstract sense of the word. Politicians talk about 'binaa al-watan' (بناء الوطن), meaning 'nation-building', or 'binaa al-salam' (بناء السلام), meaning 'peace-building'.

Everyday Conversation
Used when discussing housing, addresses, or local landmarks.

أي بناء هو منزلك؟

Which building is your house?

In educational settings, 'binaa' is used both literally and metaphorically. Teachers might discuss the 'binaa' of a sentence in an Arabic grammar class, referring to its structure. In science classes, students might learn about the 'binaa' of a cell or an atom. This cross-disciplinary usage highlights the word's fundamental nature. Even in literature and poetry, 'binaa' appears, often symbolizing strength, permanence, or the legacy of past civilizations.

Academic and Formal
Used to describe the structure of arguments, essays, or scientific concepts.

يعتمد بناء هذه النظرية على حقائق علمية.

The structure of this theory relies on scientific facts.

Whether you are watching an Arabic soap opera, reading a newspaper, or chatting with a friend, you are bound to encounter 'binaa'. Paying attention to the context in which it is used will help you grasp its nuances and improve your overall comprehension. It is a word that bridges the gap between the physical world we inhabit and the abstract ideas we construct.

توقفنا أمام بناء البرلمان.

We stopped in front of the parliament building.

هذا الـبناء مصمم لمقاومة الزلازل.

This building is designed to resist earthquakes.

When learning the word بناء, students often make a few predictable errors. One of the most common mistakes is confusing the noun 'binaa' (بناء) with the verb 'banaa' (بنى). While they share the same root letters (ب-ن-ي), their pronunciation and grammatical functions are entirely different. 'Binaa' ends with a hamza (ء) and is a noun meaning 'building' or 'construction', whereas 'banaa' ends with an alif maqsurah (ى) and is a past tense verb meaning 'he built'. Mispronouncing the ending can lead to significant confusion in spoken Arabic.

Noun vs. Verb
Ensure you pronounce the final hamza in 'binaa' to distinguish it from the verb 'banaa'.

الخطأ: هو بناء بيتاً. (الصحيح: هو بنى بيتاً)

Mistake: He building a house. (Correct: He built a house.)

Another frequent error involves the plural forms. The word 'binaa' has two common plurals: 'abniyah' (أبنية) and 'mabaanin' (مباني). Learners sometimes try to apply regular plural suffixes, creating incorrect forms like 'binaa'aat' or 'binaa'oon'. It is essential to memorize the broken plurals for this word. Furthermore, when using 'mabaanin' with the definite article, it becomes 'al-mabaani' (المباني) with a visible 'yaa' at the end. Forgetting this spelling rule is a common pitfall in written Arabic.

Pluralization Errors
Avoid using regular plural endings; stick to 'abniyah' or 'mabaani'.

الخطأ: رأيت بناءات كثيرة. (الصحيح: رأيت أبنية كثيرة)

Mistake: I saw many buildings (incorrect plural). (Correct: I saw many buildings.)

Additionally, learners sometimes misuse the phrase 'binaa'an 'ala' (بناءً على), which means 'based on'. A common mistake is omitting the tanween (double fatha) on the hamza, writing it simply as 'binaa 'ala'. In formal written Arabic, the tanween is necessary to indicate the adverbial nature of the phrase. Another issue arises when translating the English word 'building' as an adjective, such as in 'building materials'. In Arabic, this is expressed using the construct state (Idafa): 'mawaad al-binaa' (مواد البناء), not by using 'binaa' as an adjective.

Adverbial Phrase
Always include the tanween in 'binaa'an 'ala' for formal writing.

الخطأ: بناء على ذلك. (الصحيح: بناءً على ذلك)

Mistake: Missing tanween. (Correct: Based on that.)

By being aware of these common mistakes, you can significantly improve your accuracy and sound more natural when speaking or writing in Arabic. Pay close attention to pronunciation, plural forms, and specific idiomatic structures to master the use of 'binaa'.

هذه مباني حكومية. (وليس بناءات)

These are government buildings. (Not incorrect plural)

نحتاج إلى مواد الـبناء. (إضافة صحيحة)

We need building materials. (Correct Idafa)

The Arabic language is rich in vocabulary related to architecture and construction, offering several synonyms for بناء. Understanding these nuances can greatly enhance your expressive capabilities. One of the most common synonyms is 'mabna' (مبنى). While 'binaa' can refer to both the physical structure and the act of building, 'mabna' almost exclusively refers to the physical structure itself. If you are pointing at a specific office block, 'mabna' is a highly accurate term to use. Another related word is 'imara' (عمارة), which typically translates to 'apartment building' or 'architecture'.

Mabna (مبنى)
Refers specifically to a physical edifice or structure.

هذا الـمبنى يضم عدة شركات.

This building houses several companies.

If you want to describe a particularly grand or imposing structure, the word 'sarh' (صرح) is appropriate. It conveys a sense of majesty and is often used for monuments, large universities, or significant cultural institutions. On the other hand, 'munsha'a' (منشأة) is a broader term that translates to 'facility' or 'establishment'. It can refer to an industrial plant, a sports complex, or a commercial enterprise. Knowing when to use 'munsha'a' instead of 'binaa' shows a higher level of vocabulary mastery.

Imara (عمارة)
Commonly used for multi-story residential buildings.

أسكن في الطابق الثالث من هذه الـعمارة.

I live on the third floor of this apartment building.

Another related concept is 'haykal' (هيكل), which means 'structure' or 'framework'. It is often used to describe the skeleton of a building before the walls are added, or metaphorically to describe the organizational structure of a company. When discussing the foundation or establishment of something, 'ta'sees' (تأسيس) is the go-to word. While 'binaa' focuses on the upward construction, 'ta'sees' focuses on laying the groundwork. These distinctions are crucial for precise communication in professional or academic settings.

Sarh (صرح)
Used for monumental, grand, or highly significant structures.

الجامعة صرح علمي عظيم.

The university is a great scientific monument.

By expanding your vocabulary to include these synonyms, you can describe your environment with much greater precision. Instead of calling everything a 'binaa', you can distinguish between a residential 'imara', a commercial 'munsha'a', and a monumental 'sarh'. This nuanced understanding is a hallmark of advancing proficiency in the Arabic language.

تم الانتهاء من هيكل المشروع.

The framework of the project has been completed.

هذه منشأة رياضية حديثة.

This is a modern sports facility.

How Formal Is It?

난이도

알아야 할 문법

Idafa (Construct State): Used extensively with 'binaa' (e.g., مادة البناء).

Broken Plurals: 'Binaa' uses irregular plurals (أبنية، مباني).

Adverbial Accusative: The use of 'بناءً' as an adverbial phrase.

Mubtada and Khabar: Using 'binaa' as a subject in nominal sentences.

Gender Agreement: Adjectives modifying 'binaa' must be masculine.

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수준별 예문

1

هذا بناء كبير.

This is a big building.

Simple nominal sentence (Mubtada and Khabar).

2

البناء جديد.

The building is new.

Definite noun followed by an indefinite adjective.

3

أين البناء؟

Where is the building?

Interrogative sentence using 'ayna' (where).

4

أنا في البناء.

I am in the building.

Prepositional phrase using 'fi' (in).

5

هذا بناء جميل.

This is a beautiful building.

Noun-adjective agreement in gender (masculine).

6

البناء طويل.

The building is tall.

Basic descriptive sentence.

7

باب البناء مفتوح.

The door of the building is open.

Simple Idafa (construct state).

8

هناك بناء.

There is a building.

Using 'hunaka' (there is/are).

1

توجد أبنية كثيرة في مدينتي.

There are many buildings in my city.

Using the broken plural 'abniyah'.

2

هذا البناء قيد الإنشاء.

This building is under construction.

Common phrase 'qayd al-inshaa' or 'qayd al-binaa'.

3

أعمل في بناء حكومي.

I work in a government building.

Adjective modifying a noun in a prepositional phrase.

4

كم طابقاً في هذا البناء؟

How many floors are in this building?

Question using 'kam' followed by singular accusative.

5

المباني هنا قديمة جداً.

The buildings here are very old.

Using the alternative plural 'mabaani'.

6

نحن نعيش في بناء سكني.

We live in a residential building.

Descriptive adjective 'sakani'.

7

تم بناء هذا المسجد قديماً.

This mosque was built a long time ago.

Using 'tamma' + verbal noun to express passive action.

8

أمام البناء توجد حديقة.

In front of the building, there is a garden.

Preposition of place 'amaama'.

1

قطاع البناء مهم جداً للاقتصاد.

The construction sector is very important for the economy.

Idafa construction 'qitaa' al-binaa'.

2

بناء الثقة يحتاج إلى وقت طويل.

Building trust takes a long time.

Abstract use of 'binaa' as a verbal noun.

3

ارتفعت أسعار مواد البناء مؤخراً.

The prices of building materials have risen recently.

Complex Idafa 'mawaad al-binaa'.

4

بناءً على طلبك، قمنا بإرسال الملف.

Based on your request, we have sent the file.

Formal adverbial phrase 'binaa'an 'ala'.

5

تعمل الحكومة على إعادة بناء البنية التحتية.

The government is working on rebuilding the infrastructure.

Compound phrase 'i'aadat binaa' (rebuilding).

6

هذا البناء مصمم لمقاومة الزلازل.

This building is designed to resist earthquakes.

Passive participle 'musammam'.

7

يجب علينا التركيز على بناء مستقبل أفضل.

We must focus on building a better future.

Metaphorical use of 'binaa'.

8

تتميز هذه المدينة ببناء معماري فريد.

This city is distinguished by unique architectural construction.

Using 'binaa' to refer to architectural style.

1

يعتمد بناء هذه الرواية على السرد المتقاطع.

The structure of this novel relies on intersecting narratives.

Literary use of 'binaa' meaning structure.

2

في النحو العربي، البناء هو لزوم آخر الكلمة حالة واحدة.

In Arabic grammar, 'binaa' is the unchangeability of the end of a word.

Specialized linguistic definition.

3

ساهمت هذه المؤسسة في بناء قدرات الشباب.

This institution contributed to building the capacities of the youth.

Collocation 'binaa al-quduraat' (capacity building).

4

تم اتخاذ القرار بناءً على المعطيات المتاحة.

The decision was made based on the available data.

Advanced use of 'binaa'an 'ala' in a passive construction.

5

يشهد قطاع التشييد والبناء نمواً ملحوظاً.

The building and construction sector is witnessing remarkable growth.

Pairing synonyms 'tashyeed' and 'binaa' for emphasis.

6

إن بناء دولة مؤسسات يتطلب جهوداً مضنية.

Building a state of institutions requires strenuous efforts.

Political discourse 'binaa dawlat mu'assasaat'.

7

تصميم البناء يراعي معايير الاستدامة البيئية.

The building's design takes into account environmental sustainability standards.

Technical vocabulary related to architecture.

8

هذا الصرح هو نتاج سنوات من البناء والتطوير.

This monument is the product of years of building and development.

Using 'binaa' alongside 'tatweer' (development).

1

يتجلى إبداع الكاتب في البناء الدرامي المحكم للمسرحية.

The writer's creativity is evident in the tight dramatic structure of the play.

Literary criticism context: 'al-binaa al-dirami'.

2

إن إعادة بناء النسيج المجتمعي بعد النزاعات تحدٍ بالغ التعقيد.

Rebuilding the social fabric after conflicts is a highly complex challenge.

Advanced sociological metaphor 'binaa al-naseej al-mujtama'i'.

3

بناءً على الحيثيات المذكورة، أصدرت المحكمة حكمها النهائي.

Based on the aforementioned merits, the court issued its final verdict.

Formal legal terminology.

4

تعتمد النظرية البنائية في التعليم على تفاعل المتعلم مع بيئته.

Constructivist theory in education relies on the learner's interaction with their environment.

Adjective derivative 'binaa'iyyah' (constructivist).

5

شكلت هذه الإصلاحات حجر الزاوية في بناء اقتصاد معرفي متين.

These reforms formed the cornerstone in building a solid knowledge economy.

Complex metaphorical sentence structure.

6

الكلمات المبنية في اللغة العربية لا يتغير شكل آخرها بتغير موقعها الإعرابي.

Indeclinable words in the Arabic language do not change their ending shape with the change of their syntactic position.

Deep grammatical explanation using the passive participle 'mabniyyah'.

7

يعكس البناء المعماري الإسلامي فلسفة التوحيد والتجرد.

Islamic architectural construction reflects the philosophy of monotheism and abstraction.

Art history and philosophical context.

8

تم تفكيك البناء الهيكلي للمنظمة بغرض إعادة هيكلتها بالكامل.

The structural framework of the organization was dismantled for the purpose of completely restructuring it.

Corporate and organizational vocabulary.

1

إن تفكيك البنية التحتية للفكر الاستعماري يتطلب بناءً معرفياً نقدياً بديلاً.

Dismantling the infrastructure of colonial thought requires an alternative critical epistemological construct.

Highly academic, philosophical discourse.

2

تتأسس شرعية السلطة على البناء الدستوري الذي يرتضيه العقد الاجتماعي.

The legitimacy of authority is founded on the constitutional structure agreed upon by the social contract.

Advanced political science terminology.

3

في مقاربتها البنيوية، حللت الناقدة بناء القصيدة الجاهلية تحليلاً سيميائياً دقيقاً.

In her structuralist approach, the critic analyzed the structure of the pre-Islamic poem with precise semiotic analysis.

Literary theory and semiotics.

4

لا يمكن اختزال البناء الحضاري للأمة في مجرد شواهد عمرانية صماء.

The civilizational edifice of a nation cannot be reduced to mere silent architectural monuments.

Historiographical and cultural commentary.

5

جاء الحكم القضائي مسبباً تسبيباً وافياً، بناءً على استقراء دقيق لمواد القانون.

The judicial ruling was adequately reasoned, based on a precise extrapolation of the articles of law.

Complex legal reasoning and syntax.

6

تعتبر الأفعال الماضية مبنية دائماً، وهو أصل من أصول البناء في النحو العربي.

Past tense verbs are always considered indeclinable, which is a fundamental principle of indeclinability in Arabic grammar.

Mastery of classical Arabic grammatical theory.

7

إن هندسة النانو تفتح آفاقاً غير مسبوقة في بناء مواد ذات خصائص كمومية فريدة.

Nano-engineering opens unprecedented horizons in building materials with unique quantum properties.

Advanced scientific and technical vocabulary.

8

تتضافر الجهود الأممية من أجل بناء مقاربة شاملة لدرء المخاطر الجيوسياسية المحدقة.

International efforts are joining forces to build a comprehensive approach to avert impending geopolitical risks.

High-level international relations discourse.

자주 쓰는 조합

بناء شاهق
بناء حديث
مواد البناء
إعادة بناء
بناء المجتمع
قيد البناء
بناء هندسي
بناء ضخم
أساس البناء
بناء عظيم

자주 쓰는 구문

بناءً على
قيد البناء
إعادة البناء
مواد البناء
بناء الثقة
بناء السلام
بناء القدرات
بناء الشخصية
قطاع البناء
مشروع بناء

자주 혼동되는 단어

بناء vs بنى (banaa - verb: he built)

بناء vs مبنى (mabna - noun: physical building only)

بناء vs بنية (binyah - noun: structure/infrastructure)

관용어 및 표현

"حجر الأساس في البناء"
"بناء قصور في الهواء"
"بناء على رمال"
"هدم ما تم بناؤه"
"بناء جسور التواصل"
"بناء جدار من الصمت"
"بناء الثقة من الصفر"
"بناء مستقبل مشرق"
"بناء على أسس متينة"
"بناء صرح المجد"

혼동하기 쉬운

بناء vs

بناء vs

بناء vs

بناء vs

بناء vs

문장 패턴

무료 가입하고 모든 예문 보기

사용법

formality level

Appropriate for all levels, from street slang to high literature.

regional variations

In the Levant, 'binaya' is more common for an apartment building, while 'binaa' remains standard for the general concept or formal use.

literal vs figurative

Highly flexible. Literal: concrete and steel. Figurative: ideas, trust, society.

자주 하는 실수
  • Confusing the noun بناء (binaa' - building) with the verb بنى (banaa - he built).
  • Applying regular plural suffixes (like بناءات) instead of using the correct broken plurals (أبنية or مباني).
  • Forgetting the tanween on the hamza in the formal phrase بناءً على (binaa'an 'ala).
  • Treating the plural أبنية as a masculine plural instead of feminine singular for adjective agreement.
  • Using بناء as an adjective directly (e.g., translating 'building materials' literally) instead of using the Idafa structure (مواد البناء).

팁

Noun-Adjective Agreement

Remember that 'بناء' is a masculine noun. When describing a single building, use masculine adjectives (e.g., بناء جميل). However, when using the plural 'أبنية', treat it as feminine singular (e.g., أبنية جميلة).

Writing the Hamza

Do not forget to write the hamza (ء) at the end of 'بناء'. Omitting it changes the word entirely. Also, when adding tanween fatha, write it directly over the hamza (بناءً) without adding an extra alif.

Learn the Collocations

To sound more fluent, learn 'بناء' as part of common chunks. Memorize phrases like 'مواد البناء' (building materials) and 'إعادة البناء' (reconstruction) rather than just the isolated word.

The Glottal Stop

Practice the glottal stop at the end of the word. Say 'bi-naa' and abruptly cut off the sound. This crisp ending is crucial for clear Arabic pronunciation and avoids confusion with verbs.

Physical vs. Abstract

When writing essays, use 'بناء' to elevate your language. Instead of just saying 'making a good society', use 'بناء مجتمع صالح' (building a good society) for a more sophisticated tone.

The Idafa Structure

'بناء' is frequently the first word in an Idafa (construct state). Remember that in this position, it never takes 'al-' (the) or tanween. For example, 'بناء الجامعة' (the university's building).

Vary Your Vocabulary

If you are writing a long text about a city, don't repeat 'بناء' constantly. Mix it up with synonyms like 'مبنى' (mabna) and 'عمارة' (imara) to make your writing more engaging.

News Broadcasts

Tune into Arabic news channels. You will hear 'بناء' almost daily in the context of politics (nation-building) or economics (construction sector). This is great listening practice.

Colloquial Equivalents

If you are speaking to locals in the Levant or Gulf, try using 'بناية' (binaya) for a physical building. It sounds more natural in casual, everyday street conversation.

Grammar Terminology

If you study Arabic grammar in Arabic, you must know 'بناء' as 'indeclinability'. Knowing this specialized meaning will help you understand advanced textbooks and teacher explanations.

암기하기

기억법

Imagine a 'BIN' full of 'A's (BIN-AA) being used as bricks to build a massive building.

어원

Proto-Semitic

문화적 맥락

The 'qitaa' al-binaa' (construction sector) employs millions across the Middle East.

Islamic architecture heavily influences the design of many traditional 'abniyah'.

'Binaa' is often used metaphorically in politics to mean nation-building.

실생활에서 연습하기

실제 사용 상황

대화 시작하기

"متى تم بناء هذا المنزل؟ (When was this house built?)"

"هل تفضل العيش في بناء حديث أم قديم؟ (Do you prefer living in a modern or old building?)"

"ما رأيك في قطاع البناء في مدينتك؟ (What do you think of the construction sector in your city?)"

"كيف يمكننا بناء ثقة أفضل بيننا؟ (How can we build better trust between us?)"

"هل تعرف أين يقع بناء البلدية؟ (Do you know where the municipality building is located?)"

일기 주제

صف بناءً تاريخياً زرته مؤخراً. (Describe a historical building you visited recently.)

اكتب عن أهمية بناء عادات يومية جيدة. (Write about the importance of building good daily habits.)

كيف تتخيل شكل الأبنية في المستقبل؟ (How do you imagine the shape of buildings in the future?)

تحدث عن مشروع بناء كبير في مدينتك. (Talk about a large construction project in your city.)

ماذا يعني لك 'بناء المجتمع'؟ (What does 'building society' mean to you?)

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

Both words translate to 'building' in English, but they have a slight nuance. 'مبنى' (mabna) refers almost exclusively to the physical structure itself, like an office block. 'بناء' (binaa) can refer to the physical structure, but it is also a verbal noun meaning the 'act of building' or 'construction'. Therefore, you can say 'the building of the nation' using 'بناء', but not 'مبنى'.

The word 'بناء' has two common broken plural forms. The first is 'أبنية' (abniyah), which is very common and easy to use. The second is 'مباني' (mabaani). Note that 'مباني' is a defective noun (Ism Manqus), so when it is indefinite in the nominative or genitive case, it is written as 'مبانٍ' (mabaanin). Both plurals are widely understood.

The most common and natural way to say 'under construction' is 'قيد البناء' (qayd al-binaa) or 'قيد الإنشاء' (qayd al-inshaa'). The word 'قيد' means 'under' or 'in the process of' in this context. You will frequently see this phrase on signs around construction sites in Arab countries.

The phrase 'بناءً على' (binaa'an 'ala) is a formal expression that translates to 'based on', 'according to', or 'pursuant to'. It is used to show that an action is taken as a result of something else. For example, 'بناءً على طلبك' means 'based on your request'. Notice the tanween (double fatha) on the hamza, which is required in formal writing.

The word 'بناء' is grammatically masculine. Therefore, any adjectives modifying it must also be masculine. For example, you say 'بناء كبير' (binaa kabeer - a big building), not 'بناء كبيرة'. However, its plural 'أبنية' is treated as feminine singular for agreement purposes, like all non-human plurals in Arabic (e.g., أبنية كبيرة).

Yes, absolutely. While it means a physical building, it is heavily used metaphorically to mean 'building' or 'establishing' abstract things. Common examples include 'بناء الثقة' (building trust), 'بناء المجتمع' (building society), and 'بناء السلام' (peace-building). This makes it a very powerful vocabulary word.

The root of 'بناء' is the three-letter combination ب-ن-ي (baa-noon-yaa). This root is associated with constructing, erecting, or establishing. From this root, we get the verb 'بنى' (he built), the noun 'مبنى' (building), the active participle 'بانٍ' (builder), and the adjective 'بنائي' (constructive).

In the context of Arabic grammar (Nahw), 'بناء' (binaa) refers to the indeclinability of a word. This means the ending vowel of the word does not change regardless of its position or grammatical role in a sentence. Words that have this property are called 'مبنية' (mabniyyah), as opposed to 'معربة' (mu'rabah), which do change.

The word ends with a hamza (ء), which represents a glottal stop. You should pronounce it by briefly stopping the airflow in your throat at the end of the long 'aa' sound. It sounds like the sudden stop in the middle of the English word 'uh-oh'. Pronouncing the hamza clearly distinguishes it from the verb 'بنى' (banaa).

Yes. While 'بناء' is universally understood in Modern Standard Arabic, many dialects use 'بناية' (binaya) or 'عمارة' (imara) to refer to a residential or office building. In Egypt, 'عمارة' is very common for apartment blocks. However, for the abstract meaning of 'construction', 'بناء' remains the standard across all regions.

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셀프 테스트 180 질문

/ 180 correct

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