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A2 verb #2,000 가장 일반적인 7분 분량

يضرب

상위 2,000

At the A1 level, 'يضرب' (yadribu) is introduced primarily in its most literal sense: to hit or strike. Students learn it in the context of simple physical actions, such as hitting a ball in a game or hitting a drum. It is also one of the first verbs used in basic arithmetic to mean 'times' or 'multiplied by'. At this stage, the focus is on the present tense conjugation for 'I', 'You', and 'He/She'. For example, 'I hit the ball' (أنا أضرب الكرة) or 'Two times two' (اثنان يضرب في اثنين). The goal is to recognize the word in simple sentences and use it to describe basic actions or math problems without worrying about complex idiomatic meanings or prepositions.

At the A2 level, learners expand their use of 'يضرب' to include more common everyday scenarios and slightly more complex grammar. You will see it used with instruments (hitting a drum), tools (hitting a nail), and in sports commentary. You also begin to learn common phrases like 'يضرب الجرس' (to ring/hit the bell). The mathematical usage becomes more fluid, and you start to understand the concept of 'setting an example' (يضرب مثلاً) in a basic way. You are expected to conjugate the verb correctly in the past and present tenses and understand the difference between hitting something and hitting 'with' something (using the preposition 'bi-').

At the B1 level, the verb 'يضرب' takes on social and professional dimensions. This is where you learn about labor strikes (الإضراب عن العمل) and hunger strikes. You will encounter the verb in news reports about weather (storms hitting a coast) or economic shifts. You also start to use more idiomatic expressions, such as 'hitting two birds with one stone'. Your understanding of the root system allows you to see the connection between 'يضرب' and related words like 'مضرب' (racket/bat) or 'ضريبة' (tax - though the connection is more abstract). You can now use the verb in more nuanced discussions about society and work.

At the B2 level, you delve into the metaphorical and literary uses of 'يضرب'. You will encounter it in classical texts and modern literature where it might mean 'to travel' (يضرب في الأرض) or 'to ignore' (يضرب به عرض الحائط). You are expected to understand the passive voice (يُضرب) and how it functions in formal writing. The verb's use in military and political contexts (air strikes, striking a deal) becomes more prominent in your vocabulary. You can distinguish between 'يضرب' and its many synonyms like 'يركل' or 'يلطم' based on the specific context and register of the conversation or text.

At the C1 level, your mastery of 'يضرب' includes its most subtle and archaic meanings. You can appreciate the use of the verb in the Quran and classical poetry, where it often carries deep philosophical weight (e.g., God 'striking' a parable for mankind). You understand the etymological roots and how the concept of 'striking' evolved into 'coining' money (ضرب العملة) or 'imposing' a tax. You can use the verb with high precision in academic writing or formal debates, choosing it over synonyms to evoke specific historical or cultural connotations. Your command of idioms involving 'يضرب' is extensive and natural.

At the C2 level, 'يضرب' is a tool for creative and highly nuanced expression. You can play with the verb's multiple meanings in puns, sophisticated literature, or rhetorical speeches. You have a deep understanding of the 'D-R-B' root across all its derived forms and can explain the subtle shifts in meaning between them. You are comfortable with the most obscure classical usages, such as 'daraba al-dahr' (time struck/passed). Your usage is indistinguishable from that of a highly educated native speaker, and you can navigate the complex web of prepositions and objects that define the verb's many lives in the Arabic language.

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁

يضرب 30초 만에

Primary meaning is to hit or strike physically.
Standard term for multiplication in mathematics using 'في'.
Used with 'عن' to mean going on a labor or hunger strike.
Commonly used in idioms like 'setting an example' or 'hitting two birds'.

The Arabic verb يضرب (yadribu) is one of the most versatile and polysemous roots in the Arabic language. At its most fundamental level, it refers to the act of striking or hitting. However, its semantic range extends far beyond physical contact, encompassing mathematics, economics, travel, and metaphorical expressions. In a physical sense, it describes the impact of one object against another, such as a player hitting a ball or a hammer hitting a nail. In the realm of mathematics, it is the standard term for multiplication, where one number is 'struck' against another to produce a product. This dual nature makes it an essential word for learners to master early on.

Physical Action: To strike, hit, or beat. Used in sports, daily life, and construction.
Mathematical Operation: To multiply numbers (e.g., five times five).
Metaphorical Usage: To set an example (يضرب مثلاً) or to go on strike (يضرب عن العمل).

اللاعب يضرب الكرة بقوة في الملعب.

Understanding the context is crucial when encountering this verb. If you are in a classroom, it likely refers to multiplication. If you are reading the news, it might refer to a labor strike or a military strike. The root (ض-ر-ب) carries a sense of 'forceful application' which links all these meanings together. Whether it is the force of a hand, the force of a mathematical logic, or the force of a collective refusal to work, the underlying concept remains consistent.

خمسة يضرب في خمسة يساوي خمسة وعشرين.

Labor Context: The workers are on strike (العمال يضربون عن العمل).

هو يضرب مثلاً رائعاً في الصبر.

المطر يضرب النافذة بشدة.

Musical Context: Sometimes used for playing drums or rhythmic instruments, though 'ya'zif' is more common for melodic ones.

لا تضرب الباب بقوة.

Using يضرب correctly requires attention to the subject-verb agreement and the specific prepositions that change its meaning. As a Form I verb (فعل ثلاثي مجرد), it follows the standard conjugation pattern for the present tense (المضارع). The root is D-R-B (ض-ر-ب). In a sentence, the person or thing doing the hitting is the subject (فاعل), and the thing being hit is the direct object (مفعول به). However, when used in mathematics, the structure changes slightly to 'Number A multiplied by (في) Number B'.

Grammar: Transitivity: It is a transitive verb (متعدي), meaning it usually takes a direct object without a preposition for physical hitting.
Mathematical Syntax: Use 'في' (in/by) to indicate the multiplier: نضرب 2 في 3.

المعلم يضرب الأرقام على السبورة.

When you want to say someone is 'striking' against something (like a strike for rights), you must use the preposition 'عن'. For example, 'يضرب العمال عن الطعام' means 'the workers are on a hunger strike'. Without the 'عن', the meaning would revert to physical hitting. Similarly, 'يضرب بـ' can mean to hit with a specific tool, like a stick or a hammer. This flexibility allows the verb to be adapted to various technical and literary contexts.

نحن نضرب الحديد وهو ساخن.

Imperative Form: The command is 'Idrib' (اضرب). Use it carefully as it can sound aggressive.

هل تعرف كيف تضرب هذه الأعداد؟

يجب أن تضرب الجرس قبل الدخول.

Passive Voice: 'Yudrab' (يُضرب) means 'to be hit'.

الطفل يضرب الطبل في الفرقة.

You will encounter يضرب in a variety of settings, from the mundane to the highly formal. In a school setting, it is the bread and butter of mathematics lessons. Teachers will constantly ask students to 'multiply this by that'. In sports commentary, especially football (soccer) or tennis, commentators use it to describe the action of striking the ball. 'Yadribu al-kura' (He hits the ball) is a phrase you will hear in every match. Furthermore, in news broadcasts, the word appears frequently in reports about labor movements or military conflicts.

In the Classroom: 'Idrib al-raqm' - Multiply the number. Essential for STEM students.
In Sports: Describing the power and direction of a shot or a serve.

سمعت المذيع يقول: يضرب اللاعب الكرة برأسه.

Beyond these practical uses, 'يضرب' is deeply embedded in Arabic literature and religious texts. In the Quran, the phrase 'yadribu Allahu al-amthal' (Allah sets parables/examples) occurs frequently, using the verb to mean 'to present' or 'to establish' a comparison. In daily conversation, you might hear it in idioms like 'daraba 'asfourayn bi-hajar wahid' (hitting two birds with one stone). It is a word that bridges the gap between the physical world and the world of abstract thought.

المعلم يضرب لنا مثلاً عن الأمانة.

In the News: Reports on economic strikes or military strikes in conflict zones.

العمال يضربون عن العمل للمطالبة بحقوقهم.

الزلزال يضرب المنطقة بقوة 6 درجات.

Daily Life: 'Yadribu al-silf' (to salute) or 'yadribu al-biya'a' (to close a deal).

أبي يضرب المسمار في الخشب.

One of the most frequent mistakes learners make with يضرب is using it too literally in contexts where other verbs are more appropriate. For example, while 'يضرب' means to hit, if you are talking about knocking on a door, the verb 'يدق' (yaduqqu) is much more natural. Using 'يضرب الباب' might imply you are trying to break the door down rather than politely announcing your presence. Another common error occurs in mathematics; learners sometimes forget the preposition 'في' and try to use 'يضرب' as a simple transitive verb with two numbers, which sounds awkward.

Knocking vs. Hitting: Use 'يدق' for doors, 'يضرب' for physical strikes or sports.
Math Prepositions: Always use 'في' between the two numbers being multiplied.

خطأ: هو يضرب الباب ليدخل. (الأفضل: يدق الباب)

Furthermore, confusion often arises with the preposition 'عن'. Learners might say 'يضرب العمل' (he hits the work) when they mean 'يضرب عن العمل' (he is on strike). The omission of 'عن' completely changes the meaning from a social/political action to a physical one. Additionally, in some dialects, 'يضرب' is used as slang for 'to eat' or 'to take' something quickly, which can confuse students who are only familiar with Modern Standard Arabic (MSA). It is important to stay within the bounds of the register you are using.

خطأ: نضرب اثنين ثلاثة. (الصواب: نضرب اثنين في ثلاثة)

Passive Confusion: Be careful with the vowels: 'Yadribu' (hits) vs 'Yudrabu' (is hit).

خطأ: العمال يضربون العمل. (الصواب: يضربون عن العمل)

انتبه: يضرب الجرس (correct) vs يضرب الباب (usually incorrect for knocking).

Conjugation Errors: Forgetting the 'ya' prefix for third person masculine singular.

لا تضرب أخاك الصغير.

While يضرب is the most common word for hitting, Arabic has a rich vocabulary of synonyms that offer more specific nuances. Understanding these can elevate your language skills from basic to advanced. For instance, 'يلطم' (yaltamu) specifically refers to slapping the face, often associated with grief or shock. 'يركل' (yarkulu) means to kick with the foot, which is more specific than the general 'يضرب'. In a mathematical context, 'يضاعف' (yuda'ifu) means to double or increase manifold, which is related to multiplication but implies growth rather than just the operation.

يضرب vs. يدق: 'Yadribu' is a strike; 'Yaduqqu' is a rhythmic beat or knock.
يضرب vs. يلطم: 'Yadribu' is general; 'Yaltamu' is specifically slapping the cheek.
يضرب vs. يركل: 'Yadribu' can be with anything; 'Yarkulu' is only with the foot.

هو يركل الكرة بدلاً من أن يضربها بيده.

In the context of 'setting an example', you might also see 'يقدم مثلاً' (yuqaddimu mathalan), which is more literal ('presents an example'). However, 'يضرب مثلاً' remains the more idiomatic and classical choice. When discussing military strikes, 'يشن هجوماً' (yashunnu hujuman - to launch an attack) is a common alternative that provides a broader sense of a military campaign. Learning these distinctions helps you choose the right word for the right situation, making your Arabic sound more authentic and precise.

بدلاً من أن يضرب، هو يلمس الكرة بلطف.

يضرب vs. يصفع: 'Yasfa'u' is specifically to slap with an open hand.

الملاكم يضرب خصمه بقوة.

الريح تضرب الأشجار في الغابة.

يضرب vs. يهزم: 'Yahzimu' means to defeat, which might be the result of 'hitting' in a fight.

لا تضرب الأرض بقدمك.

How Formal Is It?

격식체

비격식체

난이도

알아야 할 문법

수준별 예문

الولد يضرب الكرة.

The boy hits the ball.

Subject (الولد) + Verb (يضرب) + Object (الكرة).

أنا أضرب الطبل.

I hit the drum.

First person singular present tense: أضرب.

اثنان يضرب في ثلاثة يساوي ستة.

Two times three equals six.

Mathematical usage with the preposition 'في'.

هو يضرب المسمار.

He hits the nail.

Basic transitive usage.

البنت تضرب الجرس.

The girl rings the bell.

Third person feminine singular: تضرب.

لا تضرب القطة.

Don't hit the cat.

Negative imperative: لا تضرب.

نحن نضرب الأرقام.

We multiply the numbers.

First person plural: نضرب.

أنت تضرب بقوة.

You hit strongly.

Second person masculine singular: تضرب.

اللاعب يضرب الكرة بالمضرب.

The player hits the ball with the racket.

Using 'بـ' to indicate the tool.

المعلم يضرب مثلاً سهلاً.

The teacher sets a simple example.

Idiomatic use: يضرب مثلاً.

يضرب المطر النافذة.

The rain hits the window.

Inanimate subject acting on an object.

هو يضرب خمسة في عشرة.

He multiplies five by ten.

Math context.

لا تضرب الباب هكذا.

Don't hit the door like that.

Imperative with an adverbial phrase.

أبي يضرب الحديد في الورشه.

My father hits the iron in the workshop.

Context-specific physical action.

يضرب الطفل الأرض بقدمه.

The child hits the ground with his foot.

Action with a body part.

هل تضرب هذا الرقم في ذاك؟

Do you multiply this number by that one?

Interrogative sentence.

العمال يضربون عن العمل اليوم.

The workers are striking today.

The preposition 'عن' changes the meaning to 'strike'.

العاصفة تضرب السواحل الشمالية.

The storm is hitting the northern coasts.

Used for natural disasters.

ضرب عصفورين بحجر واحد.

He hit two birds with one stone.

Famous idiom using the past tense 'ضرب'.

يضرب السجين عن الطعام.

The prisoner is on a hunger strike.

Hunger strike context.

يضرب هذا القرار مصالحنا.

This decision hits (harms) our interests.

Metaphorical 'hitting' meaning to harm.

الجيش يضرب مواقع العدو.

The army hits the enemy's positions.

Military context.

يضرب لنا المدير مثلاً في الالتزام.

The manager sets an example for us in commitment.

Social/Professional example.

يضرب البرق في السماء.

Lightning strikes in the sky.

Natural phenomenon.

ضرب بكلامي عرض الحائط.

He ignored my words completely.

Idiom: 'ضرب بـ... عرض الحائط'.

يُضرب به المثل في الكرم.

He is the quintessential example of generosity.

Passive voice: يُضرب.

يضرب في الأرض بحثاً عن الرزق.

He travels the land seeking a livelihood.

Classical/Literary meaning: to travel.

ضربت الدولة العملة الجديدة.

The state minted the new currency.

Technical meaning: to mint/coin.

يضرب على وتر حساس.

He hits a sensitive chord.

Metaphorical idiom.

المرض يضرب خلايا الجسم.

The disease strikes the body's cells.

Medical/Scientific context.

يضرب الموعد النهائي في الغد.

The deadline hits (falls) tomorrow.

Time-related metaphor.

ضرب الحصار على المدينة.

He imposed a siege on the city.

Historical/Military usage.

يضرب الله الأمثال للناس لعلهم يتفكرون.

Allah sets parables for people so they may reflect.

Quranic usage of setting parables.

ضربت عليه الذلة والمسكنة.

Humiliation and misery were stamped upon him.

Classical expression of an imposed state.

يضرب بجذوره في أعماق التاريخ.

It has its roots deep in history.

Metaphor for deep-seated origins.

ضرب صفحاً عن الماضي.

He turned a blind eye to the past.

Sophisticated idiom for ignoring or forgiving.

يضرب الحزن أطنابه في قلبه.

Sadness pitched its tents in his heart.

Poetic metaphor for lasting sadness.

ضربت الفوضى أطنابها في البلاد.

Chaos became widespread in the country.

Idiom for something becoming established.

يضرب الذكر صفحاً عن اللغو.

The wise person ignores idle talk.

Formal/Literary usage.

ضربت الأزمة الاقتصادية أطنابها.

The economic crisis took deep root.

Modern formal usage.

ضرب في تيه الأفكار.

He wandered in the labyrinth of thoughts.

Highly abstract/literary usage.

يضرب على يد الظالم.

He restrains the hand of the oppressor.

Idiom for stopping injustice.

ضربت له الأقدار موعداً مع المجد.

Destiny set him an appointment with glory.

Personification of fate.

يضرب في عماية الجهل.

He wanders in the blindness of ignorance.

Archaic/Classical metaphor.

ضرب الحظ ضربته.

Luck struck its blow (Luck favored him).

Cognate accusative style usage.

يضرب بالحق على الباطل.

He strikes falsehood with the truth.

Philosophical/Religious conflict.

ضربت عليه القبة.

A dome was built over him (He became famous/protected).

Obscure historical idiom.

يضرب في سبحات الخيال.

He wanders in the realms of imagination.

Poetic/Mystical usage.

자주 쓰는 조합

يضرب مثلاً

يضرب الكرة

يضرب في

يضرب عن العمل

يضرب الجرس

يضرب المسمار

يضرب الرقم

يضرب بقوة

يضرب الأرض

يضرب الموعد

자주 쓰는 구문

يضرب عن الطعام

يضرب حساباً لـ

يضرب كفاً بكف

يضرب عصفورين بحجر

يضرب عرض الحائط

يضرب على الوتر

يضرب في الصميم

يضرب به المثل

يضرب أخماساً بأسداس

يضرب الرقم القياسي

자주 혼동되는 단어

يضرب vs يدق

يضرب vs يركل

يضرب vs يطرب

관용어 및 표현

혼동하기 쉬운

يضرب vs يدق

To knock or beat rhythmically.

يضرب vs يركل

To kick specifically with the foot.

يضرب vs يطرب

To delight with music (different initial letter).

문장 패턴

사용법

math

Always use 'في'.

social

Use 'عن' for strikes.

physical

Usually direct object.

자주 하는 실수

Using 'يضرب' for knocking on a door.
Forgetting 'في' in math sentences.
Confusing 'يضرب' (hit) with 'يطرب' (delight).
Omitting 'عن' when meaning 'to strike from work'.
Incorrectly conjugating the present tense for feminine subjects.

팁

Preposition Alert

Always check the preposition! 'في' is math, 'عن' is strike.

Heavy Daad

Make sure to pronounce the 'ض' deeply from the side of the tongue.

Idiom Power

Learn 'ضرب عصفورين بحجر' to sound like a native.

Multiplication

Use 'يضرب' for all multiplication tables.

Action Verb

Use it to describe hitting a ball or a puck.

News Reading

Look for it in headlines about strikes or storms.

Formal Style

Use 'يضرب مثلاً' in essays to introduce examples.

Politeness

Avoid 'يضرب' when talking about people unless it's sports.

Weather Reports

Listen for 'تضرب العاصفة' in weather news.

Quranic Arabic

Recognize it as 'setting parables' in religious texts.

암기하기

어원

Semitic root D-R-B

문화적 맥락

اضرب الحديد وهو ساخن (Strike while the iron is hot).

Physical hitting is generally discouraged in modern social contexts, but the verb remains common in sports and math.

실생활에서 연습하기

실제 사용 상황

대화 시작하기

"كم يضرب خمسة في تسعة؟"

"هل تحب أن تضرب الطبل؟"

"متى يضرب اللاعب الكرة؟"

"لماذا يضرب العمال عن العمل؟"

"هل سمعت مثلاً يضرب في الصبر؟"

일기 주제

Write about a time you hit a goal in sports.

Explain a math problem using the word 'يضرب'.

Describe a storm hitting your city.

Write about someone who sets a good example.

Discuss the impact of a labor strike.

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

No, it is used for math, sports, and setting examples.

اثنان يضرب في اثنين.

The past tense is 'ضرب' (daraba).

It's better to use 'يدق' (yaduqqu).

It means to go on strike from work.

Yes, it is one of the most common verbs in Arabic.

نحن نضرب (nahnu nadribu).

It is a racket or a bat (instrument for hitting).

It means to set or give an example.

Yes, for drums or rhythmic instruments.