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A2 verb #3,000 가장 일반적인 11분 분량

يدري

yudri
연습하기 예시 노트와 팁 يدري 30초 만에
설명 يدري in your Level:
At the A1 level, your main goal is to survive basic conversations. The verb يدري (yadrī) is essential here, primarily in its negative form. When someone asks you a question in Arabic and you don't have the answer, the most natural and widely understood response is لا أدري (lā adrī), meaning 'I don't know'. You don't need to worry about complex grammar or conjugations at this stage. Just memorize the phrase 'لا أدري' as a fixed chunk of vocabulary. It is universally understood across all Arabic-speaking countries, whether they speak Modern Standard Arabic or a local dialect. You might also hear people say 'ما أدري' (mā adrī), which means exactly the same thing but uses a different negative word (ما instead of لا). This is very common in spoken Arabic. Another useful phrase to recognize is 'هل تدري؟' (hal tadrī?), which means 'Do you know?'. If someone starts a sentence with this, they are about to tell you some news or ask if you are aware of a situation. Focus on recognizing these simple, high-frequency phrases. Do not try to use this verb for knowing people; stick to using it for facts, news, or situations. For example, if someone asks 'Where is the hospital?', you reply 'لا أدري'. If they ask 'What time is it?', you reply 'لا أدري'. It is your ultimate conversational safety net when you lack information.
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At the A2 level, you should start conjugating the verb يدري in the present tense for different pronouns. You already know 'أدري' (I know). Now, learn 'تدري' (you know - masculine singular, or she knows), 'يدري' (he knows), and 'ندري' (we know). This allows you to talk about what other people are aware of. You will also learn to connect this verb to the information being known. In Arabic, يدري is often followed by the preposition بـ (bi), which acts like 'about' or 'of' in English. So, to say 'He knows about the problem', you say 'هو يدري بالمشكلة' (huwa yadrī bil-mushkila). You can also use it with question words to form indirect questions. For example, 'I don't know where he is' translates to 'لا أدري أين هو' (lā adrī ayna huwa). Notice that when using a question word like أين (where), متى (when), or كيف (how), you do not need the preposition بـ. At this level, it is also important to firmly distinguish between يدري and يعرف. Remember the golden rule: use يعرف for people and places (I know Ahmed = أعرف أحمد), and use يدري for situations and facts (I know the news = أدري بالخبر). Practicing these simple sentence structures will make your Arabic sound much more natural and grammatically correct.
At the B1 level, you are ready to use يدري in the past tense and with more complex sentence structures. The past tense of يدري is درى (darā) for 'he knew', دريتُ (daraytu) for 'I knew', and درينا (daraynā) for 'we knew'. You can now talk about past awareness: 'لم أكن أدري' (I didn't know / I wasn't aware) or 'دريت بالخبر أمس' (I knew/found out about the news yesterday). A crucial grammatical concept to master at this level is the use of the negative particle لم (lam) with the present tense to indicate the past. Because يدري ends in a weak letter (ي), it drops this letter when preceded by لم. Therefore, 'he did not know' is written and pronounced as لم يدرِ (lam yadri), not لم يدري. This is a common test of Arabic grammar proficiency. You should also practice using يدري with the conjunction أنَّ (anna - that). For example, 'We know that the situation is difficult' becomes 'نحن ندري أنَّ الوضع صعب'. This allows you to build compound sentences and express more detailed thoughts about awareness and knowledge. You will also start noticing how frequently this verb is used in regional dialects, particularly in the Gulf and Levant, where 'مدري' (madrī) is used constantly in daily speech.
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At the B2 level, your understanding of يدري expands into more abstract and nuanced territories. You should be comfortable using the verbal noun (masdar), which is دراية (dirāya). This word translates to 'know-how', 'awareness', or 'expertise'. Having 'dirāya' in a subject means you have a comprehensive understanding of it. For example, 'ليس لديه دراية كافية بالموضوع' means 'He does not have sufficient awareness/expertise in the subject'. You will also encounter passive constructions, though they are less common with this specific verb. More importantly, you should be able to distinguish between synonyms with precision. You know that يعلم is for factual, deep knowledge, while يدري is for situational awareness. At this level, you can use phrases like 'من حيث لا يدري' (from where he does not know/expect), which is a beautiful and common Arabic idiom used to describe something happening unexpectedly. You should also be comfortable reading news articles where journalists use phrases like 'الجهات المعنية تدري بخطورة الموقف' (The concerned authorities are aware of the gravity of the situation). Your goal is to use the verb and its derivatives fluidly in both spoken discussions and written essays, demonstrating a clear grasp of its syntactic requirements, such as its pairing with the preposition بـ.
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At the C1 level, you are engaging with advanced Arabic literature, poetry, and complex rhetorical structures. The verb يدري frequently appears in classical texts to express existential doubt or the limits of human comprehension. You will encounter the Quranic rhetorical question 'وما أدراك' (wa mā adrāka - And what can make you know?), used to emphasize the magnitude of a concept that is beyond normal human understanding. You will also read poetry where the phrase 'لست أدري' (I do not know) is used not just to state ignorance, but to express deep philosophical confusion, as seen in the works of Elia Abu Madi. At this level, you should appreciate the stylistic choices an author makes when selecting يدري over يعلم or يدرك. You understand that يدري carries a subtle connotation of intuitive or sudden awareness, often contrasting with the studied certainty of يعلم. You should be able to use these nuances in your own writing, perhaps employing the active participle دارٍ (dārin - aware) in formal contexts, such as 'هو غير دارٍ بالعواقب' (He is unaware of the consequences). Mastery at this level means recognizing the cultural and literary weight of the word, beyond its simple dictionary definition.
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At the C2 level, your command of the root د-ر-ي is near-native. You navigate the deepest classical texts, ancient poetry, and complex theological or philosophical treatises where verbs of cognition are heavily scrutinized. You understand the etymological nuances that separate درى from علم, عرف, فقه, and أيقن. You are familiar with classical idioms such as 'ليت شعري' and how they conceptually overlap with the desire for 'دراية'. You can effortlessly manipulate the verb in all its morphological forms, including the Form IV verb أدرى (to inform/make someone know), as in 'من أدراك بهذا؟' (Who informed you of this?). You appreciate the phonetic and rhythmic reasons a poet might choose يدري at the end of a verse. In contemporary high-level discourse, you can debate the exact epistemological implications of using دراية versus معرفة in legal or academic contexts. Your usage is flawless, never confusing the prepositions, always respecting the jussive deletions (لم يدرِ), and employing the vocabulary with the exact stylistic register required, whether you are delivering a formal academic lecture or analyzing classical Arabic rhetoric.
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يدري 30초 만에

  • Means 'to know' or 'to be aware'.
  • Mostly used in the negative: لا أدري (I don't know).
  • Used for facts and situations, not people.
  • Takes the preposition بـ (bi) when followed by a noun.

The Arabic verb يدري (yadrī) is a fundamental vocabulary item that translates to 'to know', 'to be aware of', or 'to realize'. Rooted in the letters د-ر-ي (d-r-y), it conveys a sense of knowledge that comes from awareness, perception, or being informed about a specific situation, fact, or piece of news. Unlike the verb يعرف (ya'rif), which often implies knowing a person or being acquainted with a place, or يعلم (ya'lam), which implies deep, factual, or scholarly knowledge, يدري is frequently used for situational awareness. It is the equivalent of saying 'I am aware of this' or 'I know about this matter'.

Root
د - ر - ي (d-r-y)
Verbal Noun (Masdar)
دِرايَة (dirāya) - meaning awareness or know-how.
Active Participle
دارٍ (dārin) / الداري (al-dārī) - the one who knows.

In everyday conversation, you will hear this verb constantly, especially in its negative form. The phrase لا أدري (lā adrī) or ما أدري (mā adrī) is the standard way to say 'I don't know' across many Arabic dialects and in Modern Standard Arabic (MSA). The cognitive nuance here is that the subject lacks the specific information required at that moment.

هل يدري أحمد بموعد الاجتماع؟

Does Ahmed know about the meeting time?

Understanding the subtle differences between Arabic verbs of knowledge is crucial for mastering the language. While you can often swap يعلم and يدري in formal contexts, يدري carries a slightly more intuitive or situational weight. It is often used when someone discovers something unexpectedly, or when emphasizing a state of total unawareness, such as in the phrase 'من حيث لا يدري' (from where he does not expect/know).

Synonym Comparison: يدري vs يعرف
يدري is for facts and awareness. يعرف is for people, places, and general acquaintance.
Synonym Comparison: يدري vs يعلم
يعلم is often used for profound, certain, or academic knowledge. يدري is more about being informed of a circumstance.

هو لا يدري ماذا يفعل.

He doesn't know what to do.

لست أدري كيف حدث هذا.

I do not know how this happened.

The verb is highly versatile and appears in numerous classical texts, poetry, and modern media. Its masdar, دراية (dirāya), is used to express competence or expertise in a field. For example, having 'dirāya' in a subject means you don't just know the facts, but you understand how they connect—you have the 'know-how'.

Common Preposition
بـ (bi) - meaning 'about' or 'of' in this context.
Question Words
Often precedes كيف (how), متى (when), أين (where).

نحن ندري بكل التفاصيل.

We are aware of all the details.

الجميع يدري بالحقيقة الآن.

Everyone knows the truth now.

To fully integrate this word into your vocabulary, practice using it in the negative first, as that is its most frequent application in daily life. Whenever you are tempted to say لا أعرف about a situation or a piece of news, try substituting it with لا أدري to sound more natural and precise in your Arabic expression.

Using the verb يدري correctly involves understanding its conjugation, the prepositions it pairs with, and its syntactic behavior in different tenses. Because it is a defective verb (فعل ناقص) ending in a weak letter (ي), its conjugation requires special attention, particularly in the jussive mood (مجزوم) where the final vowel is dropped.

Present Tense (مضارع)
أدري (I know), تدري (You know/She knows), يدري (He knows), ندري (We know).
Past Tense (ماضي)
دريتُ (I knew), دريتَ (You knew), درى (He knew), درتْ (She knew).
Imperative (أمر)
ادْرِ (Know!) - Note the deletion of the final yaa.

The most critical grammatical rule to remember is how this verb behaves when negated in the present tense using the particle لم (lam), which indicates the past tense meaning but grammatically requires the jussive mood. When لم precedes يدري, the final ي is dropped, resulting in لم يدرِ (lam yadri).

هو لم يدرِ بالقرار الجديد.

He did not know about the new decision.

When constructing sentences, يدري can take a direct object in some classical contexts, but in modern usage, it is overwhelmingly used with the preposition بـ (bi) to mean 'aware of' or 'know about'. For example, 'I know the story' translates to أدري بالقصة. It also frequently introduces a nominal clause starting with أنَّ (anna) or a verbal clause starting with question particles.

Structure 1: يدري + بـ + Noun
يدري بالمشكلة (He knows about the problem).
Structure 2: يدري + أنَّ + Clause
يدري أنَّ الامتحان صعب (He knows that the exam is difficult).

هل تدري أنك متأخر؟

Do you know that you are late?

أنا أدري بما تفكر فيه.

I know what you are thinking about.

In spoken Arabic, the usage remains largely the same, though the pronunciation of the negative particle shifts. Instead of لا أدري, you will hear ما أدري (mā adrī) or the contracted form مدري (madrī). This contraction is ubiquitous in the Gulf and Levantine dialects and functions almost as a standalone interjection meaning 'I dunno'.

Gulf Dialect
مدري (madrī) - I don't know.
Levantine Dialect
ما بدري (mā badrī) - I don't know (less common than ما بعرف, but understood).

والله ما أدري شقول لك.

I swear I don't know what to say to you. (Gulf Dialect)

لا أحد يدري متى سيعود.

No one knows when he will return.

Mastering the use of يدري will significantly elevate your Arabic, making your speech sound more native and precise, especially when distinguishing between knowing a person and being aware of a situation.

The verb يدري is ubiquitous across various registers of the Arabic language, from the most elevated classical poetry and Quranic verses to the casual, everyday street conversations in many Arab countries. Its presence is so widespread that understanding its contextual nuances is essential for any serious learner of Arabic.

Classical Arabic & Quran
Used to express profound awareness or the limits of human knowledge.
Modern Standard Arabic (MSA)
Common in news, literature, and formal speeches.
Colloquial Dialects
Extremely common in Gulf, Iraqi, and Levantine Arabic.

In the Quran, the root د-ر-ي appears frequently, often in the rhetorical question format 'وما أدراك' (wa mā adrāka), which translates to 'And what can make you know?' or 'How could you know?'. This phrase is used to emphasize the magnitude, severity, or incomprehensibility of a specific event or concept, such as the Day of Judgment. It highlights the boundary between divine omniscience and human limitation.

وما أدراك ما ليلة القدر.

And what can make you know what the Night of Decree is? (Quran 97:2)

In classical Arabic poetry, the phrase 'ليت شعري' (layta shi'rī) is often used, which is conceptually related to يدري, meaning 'I wish I knew'. However, the verb يدري itself is heavily featured in poetry expressing longing, confusion, or existential doubt. The famous poem by Elia Abu Madi, 'الطلاسم' (The Talismans), famously repeats the refrain 'لست أدري' (I do not know), capturing the essence of human uncertainty regarding life's great mysteries.

جئت لا أعلم من أين ولكني أتيت... ولماذا لست أدري.

I came, I know not from where, but I came... and why, I do not know.

Literature
Used to express existential doubt or lack of awareness.
News Media
Used in reporting: 'The government is aware of the crisis' (الحكومة تدري بالأزمة).

Moving to the colloquial sphere, if you travel to Saudi Arabia, the UAE, Kuwait, or Iraq, you will hear 'ما أدري' (mā adrī) or 'مدري' (madrī) dozens of times a day. It is the default response when someone lacks information. It is also used as a filler word, similar to 'I dunno' or 'like' in English, inserted into sentences while the speaker is thinking.

وين مفاتيحي؟ - والله ما أدري.

Where are my keys? - I swear I don't know.

شلون صار هيج؟ مدري.

How did this happen like this? I dunno. (Iraqi Dialect)

In summary, whether you are reading ancient scriptures, analyzing romantic poetry, watching a modern news broadcast, or chatting with friends in a cafe in Riyadh, the verb يدري is an indispensable tool for expressing the presence or absence of knowledge and awareness.

تدري إني أحبك؟

Do you know that I love you? (Common in songs)

While يدري is a common and highly useful verb, Arabic learners frequently make several specific errors when using it. These mistakes usually revolve around confusing it with other verbs of knowledge, misapplying prepositions, or making grammatical errors related to its status as a defective verb (فعل معتل الآخر). Addressing these common pitfalls will significantly improve your accuracy and fluency.

Mistake 1: Using يدري for People
Incorrect: أنا أدري محمد. Correct: أنا أعرف محمداً.
Mistake 2: Forgetting the Preposition بـ
Incorrect: هو يدري المشكلة. Correct: هو يدري بالمشكلة.
Mistake 3: Jussive Spelling Error
Incorrect: لم يدري. Correct: لم يدرِ.

The most prevalent semantic error is using يدري interchangeably with يعرف (ya'rif) in all contexts. As a rule of thumb, يدري is for situations, facts, and awareness, while يعرف is for familiarity with people, places, and distinct entities. You cannot 'be aware' of a person in the sense of knowing their identity; you are acquainted with them. Therefore, saying 'أدري هذا الرجل' sounds completely unnatural to a native speaker.

هل تدري أستاذي؟

Incorrect usage for knowing a person.

هل تعرف أستاذي؟

Correct usage: Do you know my teacher?

Another frequent grammatical mistake involves the omission of the preposition بـ (bi). While classical Arabic sometimes allows يدري to take a direct object without a preposition, modern usage strongly prefers or requires the preposition بـ when a noun follows. Saying 'أدري الخبر' is less natural than saying 'أدري بالخبر'. However, if the verb is followed by a question word (كيف, متى) or the particle أنَّ, no preposition is needed.

With Nouns
Requires بـ: أدري بالقصة (I know the story).
With Clauses
No preposition: أدري أنك متعب (I know that you are tired).

نحن ندري بما حدث أمس.

We know about what happened yesterday.

هي لا تدري كيف تصلح السيارة.

She doesn't know how to fix the car.

Finally, learners often struggle with the spelling and pronunciation of defective verbs in the jussive mood (مجزوم). When negating the past using لم (lam) or issuing a negative command using لا الناهية (lā of prohibition), the final weak letter (ي) must be deleted. Writing 'لم يدري' is a common spelling mistake even among native speakers, but it is grammatically incorrect. It must be written as 'لم يدرِ', with a kasra (ِ) under the raa to indicate the omitted yaa.

المدير لم يدرِ بالغياب.

The manager did not know about the absence.

The Arabic language is incredibly rich in vocabulary related to knowledge, cognition, and awareness. While يدري is a staple, understanding its synonyms and related terms will allow you to express precise shades of meaning. The most common synonyms are يعرف (ya'rif), يعلم (ya'lam), يدرك (yudrik), and يفهم (yafham). Each of these verbs occupies a specific semantic territory.

يعرف (ya'rif)
To know, recognize, or be acquainted with (people, places, languages).
يعلم (ya'lam)
To know with certainty, to have factual or profound knowledge.
يدرك (yudrik)
To realize, comprehend, or grasp the full meaning or consequence of something.

The distinction between يدري and يعلم is subtle but important. يعلم implies a deeper, more absolute form of knowledge. It is the root of the word for science (عِلم - 'ilm). When you say 'الله يعلم' (God knows), it implies absolute, omniscient certainty. On the other hand, يدري is more about situational awareness or being informed. You might say 'أنا أعلم أن الأرض تدور' (I know the earth rotates - scientific fact), but 'أنا أدري أنك حزين' (I am aware that you are sad - situational awareness).

هو يعلم قواعد الفيزياء جيداً.

He knows the rules of physics well. (Factual/Academic)

هل تدري أين وضعنا الملفات؟

Do you know where we put the files? (Situational)

Another related word is يفهم (yafham), which means 'to understand'. While you might 'know' (يدري) that a machine is broken, you might not 'understand' (يفهم) how it works. Knowledge (دراية) is the awareness of the fact, while understanding (فهم) is the comprehension of the mechanics or reasons behind the fact.

يفهم (yafham)
To understand the 'why' or 'how'.
يستوعب (yastaw'ib)
To absorb or fully digest information.

أنا أدري بالقرار، لكني لا أفهم سببه.

I am aware of the decision, but I do not understand its reason.

لم يدرك خطورة الموقف إلا متأخراً.

He did not realize the danger of the situation until late.

In classical Arabic, you might also encounter the verb يفقه (yafqah), which means to deeply understand, often used in religious or legal contexts (hence الفقه - jurisprudence). By mastering these nuances, you transition from simply translating English words to truly thinking in Arabic, selecting the exact verb that matches the cognitive state you wish to describe.

من لا يعلم لا يدري قيمة العلم.

He who does not know (facts) is not aware of the value of knowledge.

How Formal Is It?

난이도

알아야 할 문법

Conjugation of defective verbs (الأفعال الناقصة).

The jussive mood with لم (الجزم بـ لم).

Using prepositions with verbs (تعدية الفعل بحرف الجر).

Nominal clauses introduced by أنَّ (الجملة الاسمية بعد أنَّ).

Indirect questions in Arabic.

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수준별 예문

1

أنا لا أدري.

I don't know.

لا (lā) is used to negate the present tense verb أدري (adrī).

2

هل تدري؟

Do you know?

هل (hal) is the question particle for yes/no questions.

3

هو لا يدري.

He doesn't know.

يدري (yadrī) is the conjugation for 'he' (هو).

4

نحن لا ندري.

We don't know.

ندري (nadrī) is the conjugation for 'we' (نحن).

5

ما أدري.

I don't know. (Spoken)

ما (mā) is often used instead of لا in spoken dialects to negate present verbs.

6

أدري أين البيت.

I know where the house is.

Can be followed directly by a question word like أين (where).

7

هي لا تدري.

She doesn't know.

تدري (tadrī) is the conjugation for 'she' (هي).

8

لا أدري ماذا أفعل.

I don't know what to do.

ماذا (mādhā) means 'what' when followed by a verb.

1

هو يدري بالحقيقة.

He knows the truth.

Notice the preposition بـ (bi) attached to الحقيقة (the truth).

2

هل تدري متى يبدأ الفيلم؟

Do you know when the movie starts?

Followed by the question word متى (when).

3

أنا أدري أنك مشغول.

I know that you are busy.

أنَّ (anna) means 'that' and connects the verb to a nominal clause.

4

هم لا يدرون شيئاً.

They don't know anything.

يدرون (yadrūn) is the plural masculine conjugation.

5

نحن ندري بالمشكلة وسنحلها.

We know about the problem and we will solve it.

بالمشكلة uses the preposition بـ + المشكلة.

6

الجميع يدري بهذا الأمر.

Everyone knows about this matter.

الجميع (everyone) takes a singular masculine verb in Arabic.

7

أمي لا تدري أين مفاتيحي.

My mother doesn't know where my keys are.

تدري is used for feminine singular subjects like أمي.

8

هل تدرين كم الساعة؟

Do you (fem.) know what time it is?

تدرين (tadrīn) is the conjugation for 'you' (feminine singular).

1

لم يدرِ أحد بما حدث في تلك الليلة.

No one knew what happened that night.

لم يدرِ (lam yadri) is in the jussive mood; the final yaa is dropped.

2

دريت بالخبر من التلفاز.

I found out (knew) about the news from the TV.

دريت (daraytu) is the past tense for 'I'.

3

كان يدري أن الخطر قريب.

He knew that danger was near.

كان يدري (kāna yadrī) expresses past continuous or state: 'he used to know' or 'he knew'.

4

لو كنت أدري، لم أذهب.

If I had known, I wouldn't have gone.

لو (law) is used for hypothetical past conditions.

5

هي لم تدرِ كيف تتصرف في هذا الموقف.

She didn't know how to act in this situation.

لم تدرِ drops the final yaa because of لم.

6

هل دريتم بقرار المدير الجديد؟

Did you (plural) know about the new manager's decision?

دريتم (daraytum) is the past tense for 'you' (plural masculine).

7

الشرطة تدري بكل تحركاته.

The police are aware of all his movements.

بكل (bi-kull) means 'of all'.

8

أريد أن أدري سبب غيابك.

I want to know the reason for your absence.

أن أدري (an adrī) is in the subjunctive mood, but the spelling doesn't change here.

1

جاءت الضربة من حيث لا يدري.

The blow came from where he did not expect/know.

من حيث لا يدري is a common idiomatic expression.

2

ليس لديه أدنى دراية بإدارة الأعمال.

He doesn't have the slightest know-how in business administration.

دراية (dirāya) is the verbal noun (masdar) meaning awareness or expertise.

3

الجهات المختصة على دراية تامة بالأزمة.

The competent authorities are fully aware of the crisis.

على دراية بـ ('alā dirāya bi) is a formal way to say 'aware of'.

4

رغم صغر سنه، كان يدري بأمور تفوق عمره.

Despite his young age, he was aware of matters beyond his years.

تفوق عمره (exceed his age) modifies أمور (matters).

5

لا تدع أحداً يدري بما نخطط له.

Don't let anyone know what we are planning.

يدري is in the subjunctive mood after the implied meaning of 'let'.

6

من يدري؟ ربما تتغير الأمور غداً.

Who knows? Maybe things will change tomorrow.

من يدري (man yadrī) is a rhetorical question meaning 'who knows?'.

7

أدركت متأخراً أنه كان يدري بكل شيء منذ البداية.

I realized late that he knew everything from the beginning.

Combines أدرك (realize) and يدري (know/be aware).

8

لم يدرِ في أي ورطة أوقع نفسه.

He didn't realize what kind of trouble he got himself into.

أوقع نفسه (got himself into) is a complex verb phrase.

1

وما أدراك ما طبيعة هذا الصراع المعقد.

And what can make you know the nature of this complex conflict.

وما أدراك (wa mā adrāka) is a classical rhetorical device.

2

يقف الإنسان أمام الكون حائراً، لست أدري من أين وإلى أين.

Man stands before the universe bewildered, not knowing from where or to where.

لست أدري (lastu adrī) uses the negating verb ليس with the present tense.

3

كان غير دارٍ بالعواقب الوخيمة لقراره المتسرع.

He was unaware of the dire consequences of his hasty decision.

دارٍ (dārin) is the active participle (اسم فاعل), meaning 'aware'.

4

إن غياب الدراية الكافية بالأنظمة يؤدي إلى أخطاء فادحة.

The lack of sufficient awareness of the regulations leads to fatal errors.

الدراية (al-dirāya) used formally as a noun for 'awareness/knowledge'.

5

تسلل الشك إلى قلبه من حيث لا يدري ولا يحتسب.

Doubt crept into his heart from where he neither knew nor expected.

Pairs يدري with يحتسب (expect/calculate) for literary emphasis.

6

أدريتَ أم لم تدرِ، فالأمر قد قُضي.

Whether you knew or didn't know, the matter has been settled.

أدريت (a-darayta) uses the interrogative alif for 'whether'.

7

لا يدري الجاهل أنه جاهل، وتلك هي الطامة الكبرى.

The ignorant person does not know that he is ignorant, and that is the greatest calamity.

Philosophical statement using يدري to denote self-awareness.

8

أحاطوا به من كل جانب وهو لا يدري ما يُدبر له في الخفاء.

They surrounded him from all sides while he was unaware of what was being plotted against him in secret.

يُدبر (yudabbar) is a passive verb meaning 'is being plotted'.

1

قال الشاعر: ليت شعري، وهل يدري المتيم ما يفعل به العشق؟

The poet said: I wish I knew, and does the infatuated one know what love does to him?

ليت شعري (layta shi'rī) is a classical idiom meaning 'I wish I knew'.

2

تتجلى الحكمة في إدراك المرء لمدى ما لا يدريه من علوم الكون.

Wisdom manifests in a person's realization of the extent of what they do not know of the universe's sciences.

ما لا يدريه (what he does not know of it) uses a resumptive pronoun (هاء).

3

لم تكن درايته بالنصوص القديمة مجرد حفظ، بل فهماً عميقاً لمقاصدها.

His awareness of the ancient texts was not mere memorization, but a deep understanding of their purposes.

درايته (dirāyatuhu) is the masdar with a possessive pronoun.

4

إن المتتبع لمسار التاريخ يدري يقيناً أن الدول تدول كما تتبدل الفصول.

The observer of the course of history knows with certainty that nations alternate just as seasons change.

يدري يقيناً (knows with certainty) strengthens the verb with an adverbial accusative.

5

ساقه القدر إلى حتفه من حيث لم يدرِ، وكأن خطاه كانت مبرمجة.

Fate drove him to his demise from where he did not know, as if his steps were programmed.

حتفه (his demise) is high-register vocabulary.

6

وما أدراك ما خبايا النفوس حين تعتصرها المحن وتتكالب عليها الخطوب.

And what can make you know the hidden depths of souls when hardships squeeze them and calamities gang up on them.

Highly poetic and classical vocabulary (خبايا، تعتصرها، تتكالب، الخطوب).

7

باتوا في غفلة يعمهون، لا يدرون أفي حلم هم أم في يقظة.

They spent the night wandering blindly in heedlessness, not knowing whether they were in a dream or awake.

أفي... أم (a-fī... am) is a classical structure for 'whether... or'.

8

المعرفة الحقة تبدأ حين يدري الإنسان بجهله، وينزع عنه رداء الكبر المعرفي.

True knowledge begins when a person becomes aware of their ignorance and strips off the cloak of cognitive arrogance.

يدري بجهله (becomes aware of his ignorance) uses the preposition بـ.

자주 쓰는 조합

لا يدري ماذا يفعل
يدري بالأمر
من حيث لا يدري
لست أدري
الله يدري
كما تدري
لا أحد يدري
وما أدراك
يدري جيدا
هل تدري

자주 쓰는 구문

لا أدري
ما أدري
من يدري؟
لست أدري
هل تدري أن...
كما تدري
الله يدري
لا أحد يدري
أنا أدري بذلك
وما أدراك

자주 혼동되는 단어

يدري vs يعرف (ya'rif) - To know a person or place.

يدري vs يعلم (ya'lam) - To have deep, factual knowledge.

يدري vs يدرك (yudrik) - To realize or comprehend fully.

관용어 및 표현

"من حيث لا يدري ولا يحتسب"
"ليت شعري"
"لا يدري أين يضع قدمه"
"لا يدري يمينه من شماله"
"لا يدري رأسه من رجليه"
"جاء من حيث لا يدري"
"لا يدري ما يخبئه القدر"
"وما أدراك ما..."
"في غفلة لا يدري"
"يدري من أين تؤكل الكتف (variant usage)"

혼동하기 쉬운

يدري vs

يدري vs

يدري vs

يدري vs

يدري vs

문장 패턴

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사용법

nuance

Implies a sudden or situational awareness, unlike the deep, static knowledge implied by يعلم.

regional

The negative form ما أدري / مدري is dominant in the Gulf, Iraq, and Levant, while مش عارف is preferred in Egypt.

formality

Can be used in both highly formal MSA and very casual dialects.

자주 하는 실수
  • Using يدري to say you know a person (e.g., أنا أدري أحمد).
  • Writing لم يدري with the final yaa instead of لم يدرِ.
  • Forgetting the preposition بـ when followed by a noun (e.g., يدري المشكلة instead of يدري بالمشكلة).
  • Confusing it with يعلم in contexts requiring absolute scientific certainty.
  • Using it in Egyptian dialect where مش عارف is the natural choice, making the speaker sound overly formal.

팁

Drop the Yaa

Always drop the final 'ي' when using 'لم'. Write 'لم يدرِ', not 'لم يدري'.

People vs. Facts

Use 'يعرف' for people and places. Use 'يدري' for facts, news, and situations.

The Ultimate Filler

In Gulf dialects, 'مدري' is the ultimate filler word. Use it when you need a second to think, just like 'I dunno' in English.

Formal Prepositions

In formal writing, always pair 'يدري' with the preposition 'بـ' when followed by a noun.

Catching the Question

Listen for 'تدري؟' at the start of sentences in casual speech. It means someone is about to share gossip or news.

Quranic Rhetoric

When reading classical texts, recognize 'وما أدراك' as a rhetorical device emphasizing something beyond human comprehension.

Diraya = Expertise

Use the noun 'دراية' to sound advanced. 'ليس لدي دراية' sounds much more professional than 'لا أدري'.

No Preposition with Anna

Do not use 'بـ' before 'أنَّ'. Say 'أدري أنك مريض', not 'أدري بأنك مريض' (though the latter is sometimes used, the former is better).

Expressing Doubt

Use 'لست أدري' instead of 'لا أدري' when you want to sound poetic or deeply confused.

Unexpected Events

Memorize the phrase 'من حيث لا يدري' (from where he does not expect). It's a beautiful way to describe a surprise.

암기하기

기억법

Imagine you are in a DRY desert and you don't know where you are. You say 'Ya, DRY!' (yadrī) -> I don't know!

시각적 연상

A person shrugging their shoulders with a question mark above their head, saying 'La adri' (I don't know).

어원

Proto-Semitic

문화적 맥락

The phrase 'لست أدري' (I do not know) is famous in Arabic literature, most notably in Elia Abu Madi's poem 'Al-Talasim', which questions the meaning of life.

The Quran uses 'وما أدراك' 13 times to emphasize the immense and incomprehensible nature of certain divine realities.

In the Gulf (Khaleeji), 'مدري' (madrī) is used constantly. It can mean 'I don't know', 'maybe', or just act as a conversational pause.

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실제 사용 상황

대화 시작하기

"هل تدري ماذا حدث اليوم؟ (Do you know what happened today?)"

"أنا لا أدري من أين أبدأ. (I don't know where to start.)"

"هل تدري متى سيصلون؟ (Do you know when they will arrive?)"

"كما تدري، الوضع معقد. (As you know, the situation is complicated.)"

"من يدري ماذا سيحدث غداً؟ (Who knows what will happen tomorrow?)"

일기 주제

اكتب عن موقف قلت فيه 'لا أدري' وكان ذلك أفضل جواب. (Write about a situation where you said 'I don't know' and it was the best answer.)

ما هي الأشياء التي تدري بها الآن ولم تكن تدري بها في الماضي؟ (What are the things you are aware of now that you weren't aware of in the past?)

استخدم عبارة 'لست أدري' في فقرة تعبر فيها عن حيرتك تجاه موضوع معين. (Use the phrase 'I do not know' in a paragraph expressing your confusion about a specific topic.)

هل تعتقد أن من الجيد أن يدري الإنسان بكل شيء؟ ولماذا؟ (Do you think it is good for a person to know everything? Why?)

اكتب قصة قصيرة تبدأ بـ 'جاءت المفاجأة من حيث لا يدري'. (Write a short story starting with 'The surprise came from where he did not expect'.)

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

No. You must use يعرف (ya'rif) for people. Say 'أعرف جون' (I know John). Using يدري for people is grammatically and semantically incorrect in Arabic.

لا أدري is best used for facts, news, or situations (e.g., 'I don't know what time it is'). لا أعرف is used for people, places, or general acquaintance (e.g., 'I don't know him'). However, in many contexts regarding facts, they can be interchangeable.

Because يدري is a defective verb (ends in a weak letter). When preceded by the negative particle لم, it enters the jussive mood (مجزوم), which requires the deletion of the final weak letter. The kasra (ِ) remains to indicate the deleted yaa.

You need بـ when a noun follows directly (e.g., يدري بالخبر - he knows the news). You do not need it if followed by a question word (كيف, متى) or the conjunction أنَّ (that).

مدري (madrī) is a contraction of ما أدري (mā adrī), meaning 'I don't know'. It is extremely common in spoken Arabic, especially in the Gulf, Iraq, and the Levant.

Yes, frequently. The root appears often, most notably in the rhetorical phrase وما أدراك (wa mā adrāka), meaning 'And what can make you know?', used to emphasize the greatness or severity of something.

The masdar is دِرايَة (dirāya). It translates to awareness, know-how, or expertise. For example, على دراية means 'aware of' or 'knowledgeable about'.

The imperative form is ادْرِ (idri). Like the jussive form, the final weak letter is dropped. However, this form is relatively rare in everyday conversation compared to اعلم (i'lam) or اعرف (i'rif).

Yes, the passive form is يُدْرَى (yudrā), meaning 'it is known' or 'it is realized'. However, it is mostly restricted to formal or literary contexts.

ليت شعري (layta shi'rī) is a classical Arabic idiom meaning 'I wish I knew'. It is conceptually related to يدري because both deal with the desire for or lack of awareness, often used in poetry.

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