A1 · 초급 챕터 13

Demonstratives: This, That, These, Those

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Chapter in 30 Seconds

Master the art of pointing out objects, people, and ideas with precision in Bulgarian.

  • Identify objects using demonstrative adjectives.
  • Use pronouns to refer to things without repeating nouns.
  • Distinguish between things close to you and things further away.
Point and speak with confidence!

배울 내용

Understand how to use demonstrative pronouns and adjectives (този, тази, това, тези) to point out specific items. This chapter enhances your ability to refer to things clearly.

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: correctly identify items in a store using demonstrative adjectives.

팁과 요령 (4)

💡

Check the Noun

Always look at the noun's ending to determine its gender.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Demonstrative Adjectives (Този, Тази, Това, Тези)
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Gender Check

Always look at the last letter of the noun. If it ends in a consonant, it's likely masculine.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Demonstrative Pronouns (Това е...)
💡

Gender Check

Always look at the noun ending first.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Distinguishing 'Този' vs. 'Онзи'
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Check the Noun

Always look at the noun first. Is it masculine, feminine, or neuter?
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Using 'Такъв' (Such a, Like this)

핵심 어휘 (6)

този this (masculine) тази this (feminine) това this (neuter/general) тези these (plural) онзи that (over there) такъв such a / like this

Real-World Preview

shopping-basket

At the Market

Review Summary

  • Tozi/Tazi/Tova/Tezi + Noun
  • Tova + e + Adjective/Noun

자주 하는 실수

Kniga is feminine, so it must take the feminine demonstrative 'Tazi'.

Wrong: Този книга (This book)
정답: Тази книга

You don't add the definite article suffix when using a demonstrative; the demonstrative itself marks it as definite.

Wrong: Този човекът (This man)
정답: Този човек

If referring to a singular idea, use 'Tova' instead of the plural 'Tezi'.

Wrong: Тези е добра (These are good)
정답: Това е добре

Next Steps

You are building a strong foundation! Keep practicing these pronouns; they appear in almost every conversation.

Label items in your house with sticky notes using 'Tozi/Tazi/Tova'

Continue to: The Verb 'To Have' (Имам)

빠른 연습 (10)

Choose the correct pronoun.

___ маса е голяма.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Тази
Маса is feminine.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Distinguishing 'Този' vs. 'Онзи'

Fill in the blank: ___ книги са интересни.

a) Този b) Тази c) Това d) Тези

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: d
Книги is plural.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Demonstrative Adjectives (Този, Тази, Това, Тези)

Select the plural form.

___ хората са тук.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Тези
Plural agreement.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Demonstratives with Definite Article

Correct the sentence: Това стол е нов.

Find and fix the mistake:

a) Този стол е нов b) Тази стол е нов c) Тези стол е нов d) Това столове е нов

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Masculine noun needs masculine adjective.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Demonstrative Adjectives (Този, Тази, Това, Тези)

Fill in the correct form.

Това е ___ (takuv) хубав ден.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: такъв
Ден is masculine.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Using 'Такъв' (Such a, Like this)

Fill in the blank: ___ стол е мой.

a) Този b) Тази c) Това d) Тези

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Стол is masculine.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Demonstrative Adjectives (Този, Тази, Това, Тези)

Fill in the correct suffix.

Този стол___ е нов.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: -ът
Masculine nouns take -ът.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Demonstratives with Definite Article

Fix the sentence.

Find and fix the mistake:

Този момичето е тук.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Това момичето
Neuter gender agreement.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Demonstratives with Definite Article

Fix the error.

Find and fix the mistake:

Искам такова кола.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Искам такава кола.
Кола is feminine.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Using 'Такъв' (Such a, Like this)

Choose the correct form: ___ дете играе.

a) Този b) Тази c) Това d) Тези

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: c
Дете is neuter.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Demonstrative Adjectives (Този, Тази, Това, Тези)

Score: /10

자주 묻는 질문 (6)

Bulgarian grammar requires agreement with the noun's gender and number.
Usually by the ending: -o/-e (neuter), -a/-я (feminine), consonant (masculine).
No, only for neutral nouns or general situations.
Usually ends in a consonant.
Usually ends in a consonant.
Yes, but be polite.
이전 챕터
Possessive Power: Mine, Yours, Ours
다음 챕터
The Verb 'To Have' (Имам)
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