A1 · 初級 チャプター 13

Demonstratives: This, That, These, Those

5 トータルルール
1 分
このチャプターのルール クイック練習

Chapter in 30 Seconds

Master the art of pointing out objects, people, and ideas with precision in Bulgarian.

  • Identify objects using demonstrative adjectives.
  • Use pronouns to refer to things without repeating nouns.
  • Distinguish between things close to you and things further away.
Point and speak with confidence!

学べること

Understand how to use demonstrative pronouns and adjectives (този, тази, това, тези) to point out specific items. This chapter enhances your ability to refer to things clearly.

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: correctly identify items in a store using demonstrative adjectives.

ヒントとコツ (4)

💡

Check the Noun

Always look at the noun's ending to determine its gender.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Demonstrative Adjectives (Този, Тази, Това, Тези)
💡

Gender Check

Always look at the last letter of the noun. If it ends in a consonant, it's likely masculine.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Demonstrative Pronouns (Това е...)
💡

Gender Check

Always look at the noun ending first.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Distinguishing 'Този' vs. 'Онзи'
💡

Check the Noun

Always look at the noun first. Is it masculine, feminine, or neuter?
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Using 'Такъв' (Such a, Like this)

重要な語彙 (6)

този this (masculine) тази this (feminine) това this (neuter/general) тези these (plural) онзи that (over there) такъв such a / like this

Real-World Preview

shopping-basket

At the Market

Review Summary

  • Tozi/Tazi/Tova/Tezi + Noun
  • Tova + e + Adjective/Noun

よくある間違い

Kniga is feminine, so it must take the feminine demonstrative 'Tazi'.

Wrong: Този книга (This book)
正解: Тази книга

You don't add the definite article suffix when using a demonstrative; the demonstrative itself marks it as definite.

Wrong: Този човекът (This man)
正解: Този човек

If referring to a singular idea, use 'Tova' instead of the plural 'Tezi'.

Wrong: Тези е добра (These are good)
正解: Това е добре

Next Steps

You are building a strong foundation! Keep practicing these pronouns; they appear in almost every conversation.

Label items in your house with sticky notes using 'Tozi/Tazi/Tova'

Continue to: The Verb 'To Have' (Имам)

クイック練習 (10)

Fill in the blank.

___ стол е мой.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Този
Стол is masculine.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Distinguishing 'Този' vs. 'Онзи'

Fill in the correct pronoun.

___ е моят стол. (masc)

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Този
Стол is masculine.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Demonstrative Pronouns (Това е...)

Fill in the distance demonstrative.

___ градът е далече.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Онзи
Masculine distance.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Demonstratives with Definite Article

Fix the error.

Find and fix the mistake:

Това човек е добър.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Този човек
Човек is masculine.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Demonstrative Pronouns (Това е...)

Fill in the correct suffix.

Този стол___ е нов.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: -ът
Masculine nouns take -ът.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Demonstratives with Definite Article

Fill in the blank: ___ стол е мой.

a) Този b) Тази c) Това d) Тези

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: a
Стол is masculine.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Demonstrative Adjectives (Този, Тази, Това, Тези)

Fill in the correct form.

Това е ___ (takuv) хубав ден.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: такъв
Ден is masculine.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Using 'Такъв' (Such a, Like this)

Fix the adjective suffix.

Find and fix the mistake:

Този новиятът стол.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Този новият стол
Suffix goes on the adjective.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Demonstratives with Definite Article

Choose the correct form: ___ дете играе.

a) Този b) Тази c) Това d) Тези

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: c
Дете is neuter.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Demonstrative Adjectives (Този, Тази, Това, Тези)

Fix the sentence.

Find and fix the mistake:

Този момичето е тук.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Това момичето
Neuter gender agreement.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Demonstratives with Definite Article

Score: /10

よくある質問 (6)

Bulgarian grammar requires agreement with the noun's gender and number.
Usually by the ending: -o/-e (neuter), -a/-я (feminine), consonant (masculine).
No, only for neutral nouns or general situations.
Usually ends in a consonant.
Usually ends in a consonant.
Yes, but be polite.
前のチャプター
Possessive Power: Mine, Yours, Ours
次のチャプター
The Verb 'To Have' (Имам)
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