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A2 verb #2,000 가장 일반적인 6분 분량

säubern

상위 2,000

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁 säubern 30초 만에

설명 säubern in your Level:

At the A1 level, you learn the adjective 'sauber' (clean). 'Säubern' is the verb form. It means 'to make clean'. You might use it in very simple sentences like 'Ich säubere den Tisch' (I clean the table). It is similar to 'sauber machen'. Focus on the basic idea: something is dirty, and you use water or a brush to make it clean. It is a regular verb, so the endings are easy: ich säubere, du säuberst, er/sie/es säubert.

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At the A2 level, you start to distinguish between different types of cleaning. 'Säubern' is used for specific tasks like cleaning a wound, a birdcage, or a muddy pair of boots. It is more formal than 'putzen'. You should know the past tense 'säuberte' and the perfect tense 'hat gesäubert'. You will see this word in instructions, like 'Säubern Sie die Oberfläche vor dem Kleben' (Clean the surface before gluing).

At the B1 level, you encounter 'säubern' in more diverse contexts. You might hear about 'Umweltaktionen' where people 'den Wald säubern'. You also learn related nouns like 'die Säuberung'. You understand that 'säubern' implies a thorough removal of impurities. You can use it figuratively, for example, 'eine Datenbank säubern' (to clean a database). You also start to use prefixes like 'absäubern' (to wipe off) or 'aussäubern' (to clean out).

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At the B2 level, you recognize the nuance between 'säubern', 'reinigen', and 'bereinigen'. 'Säubern' remains the physical act, while 'bereinigen' is often used for correcting errors or settling debts. You might read about 'ethnische Säuberungen' in historical texts, a tragic and heavy use of the word. You are expected to use 'säubern' correctly in professional reports, such as describing the maintenance of technical equipment or laboratory spaces.

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At the C1 level, you use 'säubern' with precision in academic or technical writing. You might discuss the 'Säuberung von Abgasen' (cleaning of exhaust gases) or the 'Säuberung von politisch motivierten Inhalten' in digital media. You understand the stylistic difference between 'säubern' and its synonyms and choose it to emphasize the restorative aspect of the cleaning process. Your vocabulary includes complex compounds and derivatives.

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At the C2 level, you have a complete mastery of 'säubern' and its place in the German language. You can appreciate its use in literature to describe both physical and spiritual cleansing. You understand the historical weight of the noun 'Säuberung' and can navigate sensitive topics with appropriate vocabulary. You use the verb effortlessly in any register, from highly technical manuals to poetic descriptions of nature being 'cleansed' by a storm.

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säubern 30초 만에

Säubern means 'to clean' and is used for objects, areas, and medical contexts.
It is a regular verb: säuberte, gesäubert. It takes an accusative object.
More formal than 'putzen', it focuses on dirt removal rather than polishing.
Commonly used for wounds, cages, machines, and environmental cleanups.

The German verb säubern is a fundamental action word that every learner should master. Derived from the adjective sauber (clean), it literally means 'to make clean'. While it shares a semantic field with putzen and reinigen, it carries its own specific weight and usage patterns.

Core Concept: The act of removing physical dirt, debris, or contaminants to restore an object to its natural or desired state.

Nach dem Picknick müssen wir den Park säubern.

In everyday life, you might use 'säubern' when talking about cleaning a wound, a birdcage, or a public square. It suggests a certain level of thoroughness. Unlike 'putzen', which often implies polishing or routine house cleaning, 'säubern' is about the removal of the 'unclean'.

Etymology: Comes from the Middle High German 'sūberen', rooted in the concept of being pure and free from blemish.

Die Wunde muss vorsichtig gesäubert werden.

Furthermore, 'säubern' can be used in more abstract or technical ways. For instance, in data processing, one might 'säubern' a database (data cleaning). In a political context, it can unfortunately refer to 'purges', though 'säuberung' is the more common noun there. For an A2 learner, focus on the physical act of cleaning areas or objects that have become dirty through use or neglect.

Using säubern correctly requires understanding its transitive nature. It always takes an accusative object—the thing being cleaned. It is a regular (weak) verb, making its conjugation straightforward for learners.

Grammar Pattern: Subject + säubern (conjugated) + Object (Accusative).

Ich säubere das Aquarium jeden Monat.

The past participle is gesäubert. You will often see it in the passive voice, especially in instructions or reports. 'The area was cleaned' becomes 'Der Bereich wurde gesäubert'. This is common in news reports about environmental cleanups or crime scenes.

Common Objects: Strände (beaches), Wunden (wounds), Käfige (cages), Maschinen (machines), Teppiche (carpets).

Hast du die Schuhe vom Schlamm gesäubert?

In professional environments, 'säubern' is the preferred term. A janitor (Hausmeister) might 'den Flur säubern', whereas a child might 'die Zähne putzen'. The distinction is subtle but helps in sounding more like a native speaker. When in doubt at the A2 level, 'säubern' is a safe, slightly more formal alternative to 'sauber machen'.

You will encounter säubern in various real-world scenarios, ranging from household instructions to environmental news. It is a versatile verb that appears in both spoken and written German.

Context: Environment: News reports often mention volunteers cleaning up local forests or rivers.

Freiwillige säubern das Flussufer nach dem Hochwasser.

In a medical setting, a doctor or nurse will use this word when treating an injury. 'Die Wunde säubern' is a standard phrase. In technical manuals, you might read about 'säubern der Filter' (cleaning the filters) or 'säubern der Kontakte' (cleaning the contacts). This technical usage emphasizes the removal of debris to ensure proper function.

Context: Digital Life: Software tools often have a 'Säubern' or 'Bereinigen' button to delete temporary files.

Das Programm hilft dabei, die Festplatte zu säubern.

Finally, in literature or historical documentaries, you might hear it in a more figurative or darker sense. 'Säuberungsaktionen' refers to purges. However, for daily communication, stick to its literal meaning of removing dirt from physical objects. It is a word that conveys responsibility and care for one's surroundings.

While säubern is straightforward, learners often confuse it with similar verbs. Understanding the boundaries of its usage will prevent awkward phrasing.

Mistake 1: säubern vs. putzen: Don't use 'säubern' for your teeth. You 'putzt' your teeth. 'Säubern' sounds like a dental hygienist performing a deep clean.

Falsch: Ich säubere mir die Zähne.
Richtig: Ich putze mir die Zähne.

Another common error is using 'säubern' when 'reinigen' would be more appropriate for chemical or professional dry cleaning. 'Reinigen' is the broader, more industrial term. 'Säubern' is more manual. You 'säuberst' a birdhouse with a brush, but a machine 'reinigt' the air.

Mistake 2: Reflexive Usage: Learners sometimes try to say 'Ich säubere mich' (I clean myself). While grammatically possible, it sounds very clinical. Use 'Ich wasche mich' or 'Ich dusche'.

Man säubert das Werkzeug nach der Arbeit.

Lastly, watch out for the prefix 'ab-'. 'Absäubern' means to wipe the surface dirt off. 'Aussäubern' means to clean the inside of something thoroughly. Using the simple 'säubern' is usually the safest bet for A2 learners until they become comfortable with these nuances.

German has a rich vocabulary for cleaning. Here is how säubern compares to its cousins.

Säubern vs. Reinigen: 'Reinigen' is the most formal and general. It is used for dry cleaning (chemische Reinigung) and industrial processes. 'Säubern' is more about manual labor and removing visible dirt.

Die Firma reinigt die Büros, aber der Gärtner säubert den Brunnen.

Then there is putzen. This is the word you use for windows (Fenster putzen), shoes (Schuhe putzen), and the house in general (Hausputz). It often implies making things look nice and shiny, not just removing dirt.

Säubern vs. Klären: 'Klären' is specifically for liquids (like water in a treatment plant) or for 'clarifying' a situation. You wouldn't 'säubern' water in a technical sense; you would 'klären' it.

Wir müssen den Käfig säubern, bevor der Hamster einzieht.

Finally, sauber machen is the most common colloquial alternative. If you forget 'säubern', just say 'sauber machen'. It works in almost every situation where 'säubern' is used, though it sounds slightly less precise.

How Formal Is It?

난이도

알아야 할 문법

Transitive verbs and the accusative case.

Weak verb conjugation patterns.

Passive voice formation with 'werden'.

Infinitive clauses with 'zu'.

Prefixes and their impact on verb meaning.

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수준별 예문

Ich säubere den Tisch.

I clean the table.

Present tense, 1st person singular.

Säuberst du dein Zimmer?

Are you cleaning your room?

Question form, 2nd person singular.

Er säubert das Fenster.

He cleans the window.

Present tense, 3rd person singular.

Wir säubern die Küche.

We clean the kitchen.

Present tense, 1st person plural.

Säubert ihr das Auto?

Are you (plural) cleaning the car?

Question form, 2nd person plural.

Sie säubern den Garten.

They clean the garden.

Present tense, 3rd person plural.

Bitte säubere die Schuhe.

Please clean the shoes.

Imperative singular.

Das Kind säubert sein Spielzeug.

The child cleans his toy.

Subject-Verb-Object.

Die Wunde muss man vorsichtig säubern.

The wound must be cleaned carefully.

Modal verb + infinitive.

Hast du den Käfig schon gesäubert?

Have you already cleaned the cage?

Perfect tense with 'haben'.

Wir säuberten den Park nach dem Fest.

We cleaned the park after the festival.

Präteritum (Simple Past).

Der Filter muss gesäubert werden.

The filter must be cleaned.

Passive voice with modal verb.

Säubern Sie die Fläche mit einem Tuch.

Clean the surface with a cloth.

Formal imperative.

Ich habe meine Brille gesäubert.

I have cleaned my glasses.

Perfect tense.

Können Sie bitte den Tisch säubern?

Can you please clean the table?

Polite request.

Er säubert die alten Münzen.

He cleans the old coins.

Present tense.

Die Freiwilligen säuberten den Strand vom Müll.

The volunteers cleaned the beach of trash.

Past tense with prepositional object.

Es ist wichtig, die Maschine regelmäßig zu säubern.

It is important to clean the machine regularly.

Infinitiv mit 'zu'.

Nach dem Malen säuberte sie die Pinsel.

After painting, she cleaned the brushes.

Temporal clause.

Die Daten müssen vor der Analyse gesäubert werden.

The data must be cleaned before the analysis.

Figurative use, passive voice.

Bevor wir einziehen, müssen wir die Wohnung gründlich säubern.

Before we move in, we must clean the apartment thoroughly.

Subordinate clause.

Er säuberte seine Kleidung vom Staub.

He cleaned his clothes of dust.

Reflexive-like construction with object.

Das Wasser wird in der Anlage gesäubert.

The water is cleaned in the facility.

Passive voice.

Wir sollten die Dachrinne säubern.

We should clean the gutter.

Konjunktiv II (Suggestion).

Die Software säubert das System von unnötigen Dateien.

The software cleans the system of unnecessary files.

Technical usage.

Die Polizei säuberte den Platz von den Demonstranten.

The police cleared the square of the protesters.

Nuance of 'clearing' or 'purging'.

Man muss die Kontakte säubern, damit der Strom fließt.

One must clean the contacts so that the current flows.

Final clause with 'damit'.

Die historische Fassade wurde mühsam gesäubert.

The historical facade was laboriously cleaned.

Passive voice with adverb.

Er hat das Aquarium komplett gesäubert und neu eingerichtet.

He completely cleaned the aquarium and refurnished it.

Perfect tense with two verbs.

Die Wunde wurde fachmännisch gesäubert und verbunden.

The wound was professionally cleaned and bandaged.

Passive voice.

Wir müssen die verstopften Rohre säubern.

We must clean the clogged pipes.

Attributive adjective.

Die Datenbank wurde von Dubletten gesäubert.

The database was cleaned of duplicates.

Passive voice, figurative.

Die Restauration umfasst das Säubern der wertvollen Gemälde.

The restoration includes the cleaning of the valuable paintings.

Nominalization (Gerund).

Die Luft wird durch Filter von Schadstoffen gesäubert.

The air is cleaned of pollutants by filters.

Passive voice with 'durch'.

Es gilt, die politische Landschaft von Korruption zu säubern.

It is necessary to purge the political landscape of corruption.

Figurative/Formal usage.

Die archäologischen Funde wurden vorsichtig gesäubert.

The archaeological finds were carefully cleaned.

Passive voice.

Die Stadtverwaltung lässt die Denkmäler regelmäßig säubern.

The city administration has the monuments cleaned regularly.

Causative 'lassen'.

Nach der Ölpest mussten Tausende Vögel gesäubert werden.

After the oil spill, thousands of birds had to be cleaned.

Passive voice with modal verb.

Das Unternehmen versucht, sein Image zu säubern.

The company is trying to clean up its image.

Metaphorical usage.

Die Chemikalie dient dazu, Oberflächen zu säubern.

The chemical serves to clean surfaces.

Purpose clause with 'dazu ... zu'.

Die Säuberung der Archive nahm mehrere Jahre in Anspruch.

The purging/cleaning of the archives took several years.

Noun form 'Säuberung'.

Er versuchte, sein Gewissen durch gute Taten zu säubern.

He tried to cleanse his conscience through good deeds.

Abstract/Poetic usage.

Die Filteranlagen säubern das Abwasser, bevor es in den Kreislauf gelangt.

The filter systems clean the wastewater before it enters the cycle.

Technical present tense.

In jener Ära kam es zu grausamen politischen Säuberungen.

In that era, cruel political purges occurred.

Historical/Political context.

Die Natur säubert sich nach dem verheerenden Brand von selbst.

Nature cleanses itself after the devastating fire.

Reflexive usage.

Das Verfahren zur Säuberung von Silizium ist hochkomplex.

The process for purifying silicon is highly complex.

Scientific context.

Man muss die Sprache von unnötigen Anglizismen säubern.

One must purge the language of unnecessary Anglicisms.

Linguistic purism context.

Die rituellen Waschungen dienen dazu, die Seele zu säubern.

The ritual washings serve to cleanse the soul.

Spiritual/Cultural context.

자주 쓰는 조합

die Wunde säubern

den Käfig säubern

die Maschine säubern

den Strand säubern

die Daten säubern

gründlich säubern

vorsichtig säubern

regelmäßig säubern

vom Schmutz säubern

die Filter säubern

자주 쓰는 구문

eine Wunde säubern

den Tisch säubern

die Schuhe säubern

den Park säubern

das Aquarium säubern

die Kleidung säubern

den Filter säubern

die Umgebung säubern

das System säubern

die Hände säubern

자주 혼동되는 단어

säubern vs zaubern (to do magic)

säubern vs sauber (adjective)

säubern vs saufen (to drink heavily)

관용어 및 표현

"den Stall des Augias säubern (to clean the Augean stables - a Herculean task)"

"mit eisernem Besen säubern (to clean out with an iron broom - a radical purge)"

"die Weste säubern (to clear one's reputation/vest)"

"vor der eigenen Tür säubern (to clean before one's own door - mind your own business)"

"den Augiasstall säubern (to clean up a mess/corruption)"

"reinen Tisch machen (to make a clean sweep/start)"

"eine Scharte auswetzen (to make amends - related to cleaning/fixing)"

"den Dreck wegmachen (to clean up the mess)"

"saubere Arbeit leisten (to do a clean/good job)"

"die Finger säubern (to wash one's hands of something - figurative)"

혼동하기 쉬운

säubern vs zaubern

säubern vs putzen

säubern vs waschen

säubern vs reinigen

säubern vs bereinigen

문장 패턴

무료 가입하고 모든 예문 보기

사용법

vs putzen

Putzen is for household chores and shining; säubern is for removing dirt/impurities.

vs reinigen

Reinigen is more industrial/professional; säubern is more manual.

자주 하는 실수

Teeth are always 'geputzt', never 'gesäubert' in normal speech.
'Säubern' is for objects; 'waschen' is for people.
While 'säubern' is okay, 'putzen' is much more common for windows.
Don't use 'sauber' and 'gesäubert' together; it's redundant.
Incorrect imperative form.

팁

Accusative Case

Always remember that 'säubern' needs a direct object in the accusative case. 'Ich säubere den (not der) Käfig'.

Formal vs Informal

Use 'säubern' in writing or professional contexts. In a casual chat with friends, 'sauber machen' is more natural.

The 'äu' Diphthong

Practice the 'äu' sound. It is identical to 'eu'. Think of the English word 'boy' or 'toy'.

Medical Context

If you are at a doctor's office, you will likely hear 'säubern' when they talk about treating a cut or wound.

Passive Voice

'Säubern' is frequently used in the passive voice in manuals. 'Das Gerät muss gesäubert werden'.

Environmentalism

Look for 'Säuberungsaktionen' in German news to see how the word is used for community service.

Word Root

Connect it to 'sauber'. If you know 'sauber' means clean, 'säubern' is just the action of getting there.

Maintenance

For machines and tools, 'säubern' implies maintenance and care, not just aesthetics.

Prefix Power

Learn 'bereinigen' next. It's a close relative used for data and abstract 'cleaning up'.

Context Clues

If you hear 'säubern' in a news report, it's often about the environment or a scandal (figurative cleaning).

암기하기

어원

Germanic

문화적 맥락

A traditional duty in some German regions to clean communal areas.

Germans are very active in 'Putzaktionen' (cleaning actions) in forests and parks.

실생활에서 연습하기

실제 사용 상황

대화 시작하기

"Wie oft säuberst du dein Aquarium?"

"Hast du schon mal bei einer Strand-Säuberung geholfen?"

"Wie säubert man am besten eine alte Kamera?"

"Muss ich diese Wunde sofort säubern?"

"Wer säubert bei euch im Haus die Fenster?"

일기 주제

Beschreibe, wie du dein Zimmer säuberst.

Warum ist es wichtig, die Umwelt zu säubern?

Was war das Schwierigste, das du je gesäubert hast?

Schreibe eine Anleitung: Wie säubert man ein Fahrrad?

Denkst du, wir säubern unsere Städte genug?

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

No, for teeth you should always use 'putzen'. 'Säubern' sounds like a medical procedure.

Yes, it follows the standard weak verb conjugation: säuberte, gesäubert.

'Sauber machen' is more colloquial and common in daily speech, while 'säubern' is slightly more formal and precise.

It's rarely used for people unless in a medical context (cleaning a wound). For washing oneself, use 'waschen' or 'duschen'.

It can mean a cleaning campaign (like in a park) or, in a political context, a purge.

Yes, it's common to talk about 'die Festplatte säubern' or 'Daten säubern'.

It always takes 'haben' in the perfect tense: 'Ich habe gesäubert'.

You can use the prefix 'aus-', resulting in 'aussäubern'.

Usually, you 'waschen' clothes. You might 'säubern' a spot on a jacket with a brush, but 'waschen' or 'reinigen' (dry clean) is more common.

You säubern something 'von' (from) dirt 'mit' (with) a tool/cloth.

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