B1 · 중급 챕터 6

Advanced Verb Patterns and Meaning Changes

7 총 규칙
81 예문
6 분
이 챕터의 규칙 빠른 연습

Chapter in 30 Seconds

Master the subtle verb patterns that distinguish intermediate speakers from advanced, natural communicators.

  • Distinguish between meanings of common verbs followed by gerunds and infinitives.
  • Apply specific verb structures for chores, habits, and involuntary actions.
  • Analyze context to choose the correct verb pattern for natural expression.
Unlock the nuances of English verb patterns.

배울 내용

Ready to unlock new levels of fluency? This chapter helps you master tricky verb patterns, like knowing when to remember to call versus remember calling. You'll confidently express subtle differences and sound much more natural!

Learning Objectives

By the end of this chapter, you will be able to:

  1. 1
    By the end you will be able to: Differentiate between memory-based verb patterns in conversation.

챕터 가이드

Overview

Mastering the intricacies of verb patterns is a crucial step for any B1 English learner aiming for genuine fluency. You’ve already built a strong foundation, and now it's time to refine your understanding to express subtle differences that make your English sound truly natural and confident. This chapter dives into advanced verb patterns and meaning changes that often trip up even intermediate speakers, but which are essential for clear and nuanced communication.
We'll unravel common confusions, such as when to say remember to call versus remember calling, or why stop to eat means something entirely different from stop eating. Understanding these distinctions will empower you to express your intentions and experiences with precision, moving beyond basic comprehension to genuine expression.
By tackling topics like gerund vs. infinitive after verbs like remember, forget, stop, and try, as well as exploring unique patterns like 'need + gerund' and 'can't help + gerund', you'll unlock a new level of conversational sophistication. Get ready to enhance your B1 English grammar and speak with more clarity and confidence!

How This Grammar Works

At the heart of these advanced verb patterns lies a fascinating aspect of English grammar: how small changes in verb form can lead to significant shifts in meaning. Many of these patterns revolve around whether we use a gerund (the -ing form of a verb, acting as a noun) or an infinitive (to + base verb) after certain main verbs. Generally, the gerund often refers to a past action, a general activity, or the object of the verb, emphasizing the *action itself*.
The infinitive, on the other hand, frequently points to a future action, a purpose, or an intention, emphasizing the *goal or reason*.
Let’s look at remember, forget, stop, and try. When you
remember calling your friend,
you're recalling a past action – the act of calling happened. But if you
remember to call your friend,
it's a future task you mustn't forget. Similarly,
stop eating
means you quit the action of eating, whereas
stop to eat
means you paused another activity *in order to* eat.
The infinitive here explains the purpose of stopping.
Beyond these gerund vs. infinitive pairs, we also have specific patterns like need + gerund which indicates that the subject of the sentence requires an action to be done *to* it, often for chores or repairs. For example,
The car needs washing
means the car needs to be washed by someone.
Another expressive pattern is "can't help + gerund," which means you can't control a reaction or action, as in "I can't help laughing.
Finally,
be used to + -ing
describes becoming accustomed to something, like
I am used to waking up early." These patterns demonstrate how English allows for nuanced expression through seemingly small grammatical choices.

Common Mistakes

Learning these distinctions can be tricky, and misusing them is a common B1 English grammar challenge. Here are some frequent errors:
  1. 1✗ I remembered to call him yesterday. (If you mean you recalled the past action of calling)
✓ I remembered calling him yesterday.
*Explanation:* Use the gerund for past memories.
Remembered to call
implies you *successfully completed* a task you previously might have forgotten, not that you recalled the act itself.
  1. 1✗ He stopped to smoke entirely. (If you mean he quit smoking as a habit)
✓ He stopped smoking entirely.
*Explanation:*
Stop to smoke
means he paused another activity *for the purpose of* smoking a cigarette.
Stop smoking
means he quit the habit of smoking altogether.
  1. 1✗ I tried opening the jar, but it was stuck. (If you're describing a difficult effort)
✓ I tried to open the jar, but it was stuck.
*Explanation:*
Try to open
implies effort and difficulty.
Try opening
suggests an experiment or testing a method (
Have you tried opening it this way?
).

Real Conversations

A

A

Oh no, I totally forgot to send that email to Mark. It was due an hour ago!
B

B

Don't worry, I actually remembered sending it for you last night. You asked me to!
A

A

Oh, right! Thanks a million! My memory is terrible lately.
A

A

This old bicycle needs fixing before our trip next weekend.
B

B

Yeah, the chain keeps falling off. I might try greasing it first, or maybe I should just try to replace it if that doesn't work.
A

A

Good plan. Let's get it sorted.
A

A

I find it so hard to work in this noisy cafe.
B

B

Really? I guess I am used to working with background noise now. After living in the city for so long, I can't help tuning it out.

Quick FAQ

Q

What's the difference between forgot to do and forgot doing?

Forgot to do
means you failed to perform a task you intended to do (e.g.,
I forgot to lock the door
).
Forgot doing
means you don't remember the actual event or action that took place (e.g.,
I forgot locking the door last night, but I must have done it
).

Q

When should I use remember + -ing?

Use

remember + -ing
when you are recalling a past experience or event. For example,
I remember meeting him at the conference last year
means you have a memory of that past meeting.

Q

What does

The car needs washing
mean?

It means the car requires the action of being washed. It uses the 'need + gerund' pattern, which implies that the subject of the sentence (the car) is receiving the action, not performing it. It's often used for maintenance or chores.

Q

Can you explain "I can't help laughing"?

"I can't help laughing" means that you are unable to control your laughter; it's an involuntary reaction. This pattern, 'can't help + gerund', is used to express that you have no choice but to do something.

Cultural Context

Native English speakers use these advanced verb patterns and meaning changes constantly, often without conscious thought, to express precise nuances. While there aren't significant regional differences in the fundamental meaning of these constructions, their accurate use is a hallmark of natural, fluent speech. They allow speakers to convey subtle distinctions about intent, past experience, or involuntary actions, making conversations much clearer and more articulate.
Mastering them means speaking English more authentically, aligning your expressions with how native speakers convey their thoughts and feelings.

주요 예문 (8)

1

I remember meeting you at that coffee shop last year.

Me acuerdo de haberte conocido en esa cafetería el año pasado.

Remember + 동명사 vs 부정사
2

Please remember to turn off the lights before you leave.

Por favor, recuerda apagar las luces antes de irte.

Remember + 동명사 vs 부정사
3

Oh no, I `forgot to buy` bread for breakfast.

아, 이런, 아침 식사용 빵을 사는 것을 깜빡했어.

할 것을 잊다 vs. 한 것을 잊다
4

I `forgot calling` you earlier, my phone log shows it.

아까 너한테 전화했던 것을 잊었어, 통화 기록에 있네.

할 것을 잊다 vs. 한 것을 잊다
5

I stopped working on the project at midnight.

저는 자정에 프로젝트 작업을 멈췄어요.

Stop + 동명사 vs. 부정사: 그만두기 vs. 잠시 멈추기
6

The train stopped to let passengers off at the next station.

기차는 다음 역에서 승객들을 내리기 위해 멈췄어요.

Stop + 동명사 vs. 부정사: 그만두기 vs. 잠시 멈추기
7

The grass needs mowing before the party.

Das Gras muss vor der Party gemäht werden.

Need + 동명사: 집안일 및 수리 (차가 세차할 필요가 있다)
8

Your bike chain needs oiling; it's making a terrible noise.

Deine Fahrradkette muss geölt werden; sie macht ein schreckliches Geräusch.

Need + 동명사: 집안일 및 수리 (차가 세차할 필요가 있다)

팁과 요령 (4)

💡

The 'To-Do' Trick

If you can replace the phrase with 'I have a task to...', use 'remember to'.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Remember + 동명사 vs 부정사
💡

의도와 기억

아직 못 한 '할 일' 목록에 있는 것은 forgot to do로, 과거에 경험했지만 기억나지 않는 것은 forgot doing으로 생각해 보세요.
I forgot to send the report
vs.
I forgot sending the report.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 할 것을 잊다 vs. 한 것을 잊다
💡

'목적' vs '그만두기'를 생각해요

'-ing'와 'to + 동사' 중 뭘 쓸지 고민될 때는 이렇게 자문해보세요: '내가 다른 걸 *하기 위해* (목적) 하던 일을 멈추는 건가, 아니면 그 행동을 *완전히 그만두는* 건가?' 이 간단한 질문이 정말 도움이 될 거예요.
Am I stopping one thing *in order to* do another (purpose), or am I *quit* the action entirely?
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Stop + 동명사 vs. 부정사: 그만두기 vs. 잠시 멈추기
💡

'노력'인지 '방법'인지 생각해보세요

목표를 이루기 위해 고군분투한다면 try + to-부정사를, 효과가 있는지 보려고 한 번 해보는 거라면 try + 동명사를 쓰세요.
Try to climb Everest.
frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Try + 동명사 vs 부정사: 노력인가 실험인가?

핵심 어휘 (5)

Involuntary not done by choice Accustomed familiar with Experiment a test Task a piece of work Habit a regular practice

Real-World Preview

briefcase

The Busy Office

Review Summary

  • Remember + to-inf (future task) / -ing (past memory)
  • Forget + to-inf (failed task) / -ing (forgotten memory)
  • Stop + -ing (end action) / to-inf (pause to start)
  • Try + to-inf (effort) / -ing (experiment)
  • Need + -ing (passive meaning)
  • Can't help + -ing
  • Be used to + -ing

자주 하는 실수

When using 'need' for objects, the gerund acts as a passive. Using 'to be washed' is grammatically possible but less natural.

Wrong: I need my car to be washed.
정답: My car needs washing.

'Used to' in 'be used to' is a preposition, so it must take a gerund. It is not the same as the past habit structure 'I used to work'.

Wrong: I am used to work early.
정답: I am used to working early.

Trying as an experiment requires the gerund. 'Tried to eat' implies you struggled to finish the salad.

Wrong: I tried to eat the salad to see if I liked it.
정답: I tried eating the salad to see if I liked it.

이 챕터의 규칙 (7)

1

Remember + 동명사 vs 부정사

B1
Remembering a past event is 'remember + -ing'; a future obligation is 'remember + to-infinitive'.
I remember meeting you at that coffee shop last ye...
12 예문
2

할 것을 잊다 vs. 한 것을 잊다

B1
기억과 할 일 표현에 정확성을 더하는 forgot to do와 forgot doing의 차이를 마스터해서 더 자연스러운 영어를 구사해 보세요!
Oh no, I `forgot to buy` bread for breakfast.
12 예문
3

Stop + 동명사 vs. 부정사: 그만두기 vs. 잠시 멈추기

B1
어떤 행동을 완전히 그만두고 싶다면 -ing를, 다른 일을 하려고 잠시 멈춘다면 «to + 동사»를 기억하세요!
I stopped working on the project at midnight.
12 예문
4

Try + 동명사 vs 부정사: 노력인가 실험인가?

B1
힘들게 애쓰는 effort와 가볍게 시도해보는 experiment의 차이만 알면 완벽해요!
I tried to remember her name, but it completely sl...
10 예문
5

Need + 동명사: 집안일 및 수리 (차가 세차할 필요가 있다)

B1
Need + Gerund is your go-to for things that need doing, not doing them themselves!
The grass needs mowing before the party.
12 예문
6

어쩔 수 없어! (Can't Help + 동명사)

B1
참을 수 없는 «충동»이나 «감정»을 표현하고 싶을 때 'can't help + gerund'를 사용하면 돼요. 마치 «나도 모르게» 행동하게 되는 걸 말하는 거죠.
I `can't help laughing` when I watch that comedian...
11 예문
7

무언가에 익숙해지는 것 (Be Used To + -ing)

B1
'be used to + -ing'를 잘 활용하면 지금 내 습관이나 '편안한 상태'를 아주 '자연스럽게' 말할 수 있어요.
I `am used to drinking` coffee every morning.
12 예문

Next Steps

You've tackled some of the trickiest parts of English grammar! Keep practicing these in your daily conversations.

Write a list of 5 things that need doing in your house.

Continue to: Focusing on Actions with the Passive Voice

빠른 연습 (10)

주어진 문장을 영어로 올바르게 번역해보세요.

Translate into English: '우리는 그를 설득하려 노력했지만, 그는 듣지 않았어요.'

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: We tried to convince him, but he didn't listen., We tried to convince him, but he wouldn't listen.
누군가를 설득하는 것은 실험이 아니라 노력이 필요한 일이므로 'try to convince'를 써야 합니다.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Try + 동명사 vs 부정사: 노력인가 실험인가?

Fill in the blank with the correct form of the verb in parentheses.

Please remember ___ (lock) the door when you leave.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: to lock
This is a future task, so we use the infinitive.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Remember + 동명사 vs 부정사

문장을 완성하기 위해 올바른 형태를 고르세요.

She `can't help` ___ (sing) in the shower every morning.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: singing
'can't help' 뒤에는 항상 동명사(-ing 형태)를 사용해요. 그래서 'singing'이 맞아요.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 어쩔 수 없어! (Can't Help + 동명사)

오류를 찾아 고치세요.

Find and fix the mistake:

She completely forgot to watch that movie, even though she saw it last week.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: She completely forgot watching that movie, even though she saw it last week.
'그녀는 지난주에 그 영화를 봤다'고 했으니, 영화를 본 행동은 '이미 일어난' 일이에요. 'forgot to watch'는 할 일을 잊은 경우에 쓰므로, 본 영화를 기억 못 하는 경우에는 'forgot watching' (잊어버린 과거의 기억)이 맞아요.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 할 것을 잊다 vs. 한 것을 잊다

알맞은 형태를 고르세요.

Don't ___ your umbrella, it's going to rain later.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: forget to take
우산을 가져가는 것은 앞으로 해야 할 행동이므로 'forget to take'가 맞아요. 우산을 '가지고 가는 것을 잊지 마세요'라는 의미죠.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 할 것을 잊다 vs. 한 것을 잊다

'try'를 올바르게 사용한 문장은 무엇인가요?

Choose the correct sentence:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: She tried calling the helpline for hours, but it was busy.
헬프라인에 전화를 거는 것은 문제를 해결하기 위해 반복적으로 시도한 '방법'이므로 동명사가 자연스럽습니다.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Try + 동명사 vs 부정사: 노력인가 실험인가?

실수를 찾아 고치세요.

Find and fix the mistake:

My grandpa stopped to smoke 10 years ago.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: My grandpa stopped smoking 10 years ago.
할아버지가 흡연 습관을 끊으셨다면, 동명사 'smoking'을 사용해야 해요. 'stopped to smoke'는 담배를 피우기 위해 어떤 활동을 잠시 멈췄다는 뜻이 돼요.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Stop + 동명사 vs. 부정사: 그만두기 vs. 잠시 멈추기

문장에서 틀린 부분을 찾아 고치세요.

Find and fix the mistake:

He couldn't help to laugh at the ridiculous situation.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: He couldn't help laughing at the ridiculous situation.
올바른 패턴은 'can't help + 동명사'이지, 'can't help + 부정사'가 아니에요.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: 어쩔 수 없어! (Can't Help + 동명사)

Which sentence is grammatically correct?

Select the correct option:

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: The car needs repairing.
'The car needs repairing' follows the Subject + needs + V-ing rule.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Need + 동명사: 집안일 및 수리 (차가 세차할 필요가 있다)

Find the error in this sentence: 'The plants needs watering every day.'

Find and fix the mistake:

The plants needs watering every day.

✓ Correct! ✗ Not quite. Correct answer: Change 'needs' to 'need'
'Plants' is plural, so the verb must be 'need'.

frontend.learn_grammar.from_rule: Need + 동명사: 집안일 및 수리 (차가 세차할 필요가 있다)

Score: /10

자주 묻는 질문 (6)

Yes! 'I remember that I locked the door' is perfectly correct and means the same as 'I remember locking the door'.
Yes, they are functionally identical in meaning.
forgot to do는 '내가 그걸 안 했어' (할 일 목록에 있었지만 놓친 거죠). forgot doing은 '내가 그걸 했는데, 했다는 사실 자체를 기억 못 해' (기억 창고에서 사라진 거죠).
I forgot my keys
처럼 간단하게 생각할 수 있어요.
원래 '했어야 했는데 하지 않은' 행동에 대한 것이에요. 그러니까 '의도'는 미래 지향적이었지만, '실패'는 이미 과거가 된 거죠. 예를 들어, 'I forgot to call him'은 그에게 전화할 것(미래 행동)을 잊어서 (과거의 실패로) 전화가 이뤄지지 않았다는 뜻이에요.
핵심적인 차이는 간단해요. 'stop + -ing'는 행동이 완전히 멈춘다는 (끝난다는) 것을 의미하고, 'stop + to + verb'는 하던 일을 잠시 멈추고 *다른 새로운 행동을 하기 위한* (목적) 것을 의미해요. 예를 들어, I stopped smoking은 담배를 끊었다는 뜻이고,
I stopped to smoke
는 담배를 피우기 위해 하던 일을 멈췄다는 뜻이죠.
꼭 그렇지는 않아요! 그 순간 달리는 행동을 멈췄다는 뜻이에요. 오늘 하루 달리는 것을 'stop running' 할 수도 있지만, 내일 다시 시작할 수도 있죠. 현재 시점에서 행동을 중단했다는 것에 초점이 맞춰져 있어요. I stopped running은 그 순간 달리기를 멈췄다는 의미예요.
이전 챕터
Connecting Ideas with -ing and To
다음 챕터
Focusing on Actions with the Passive Voice
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