현재완료: 'yet'을 문장 끝에 사용하기
present perfect, negatives, questions, expected but unfulfilled actions
Grammar Rule in 30 Seconds
Use 'yet' at the end of sentences to talk about things you expect to happen soon but haven't happened.
- Use 'yet' at the end of negative sentences: 'I haven't eaten yet.'
- Use 'yet' at the end of questions: 'Have you finished yet?'
- Never use 'yet' in affirmative (positive) sentences; use 'already' instead.
Overview
Present Perfect(현재완료)는 언제나 큰 산처럼 느껴지곤 합니다. 그중에서도 문장 끝에 붙는 yet이라는 단어는 우리말의 '아직'과 비슷해 보이면서도, 막상 쓰려고 하면 위치나 뉘앙스가 헷갈리는 경우가 많죠.yet은 단순히 '아직'이라는 뜻을 넘어, '기대했던 일이 현재까지 일어났는지'를 묻거나 '당연히 일어날 일인데 아직은 안 일어났다'는 상태를 표현할 때 사용합니다. 즉, 이 단어 안에는 '미래에는 곧 일어날 것이다'라는 기대감이 숨어 있습니다.yet은 현재의 진행 상황을 가장 정확하게 전달해주는 도구가 됩니다. 이번 가이드에서는 yet이 현재완료 시제와 결합하여 어떻게 한국어의 미묘한 뉘앙스를 영어로 치환하는지, 그리고 한국인 학습자들이 왜 이 문법에서 자주 실수를 하는지 깊이 있게 살펴보겠습니다.yet의 작동 원리를 이해하려면 먼저 한국어의 '아직'과 영어의 yet 사이의 공통점과 차이점을 파악해야 합니다.yet은 현재완료 문장에서 거의 항상 문장의 맨 끝에 위치합니다. 이것이 첫 번째 규칙입니다.yet은 '기대(Expectation)'의 문법입니다.- 한국어: «나 밥 안 먹었어.» (단순 사실 전달)
- 영어:
I haven't eaten.(단순 사실 전달) - 영어:
I haven't eaten yet.(아직 안 먹었어. 곧 먹을 예정이거나 누군가와 먹기로 되어 있다는 뉘앙스)
yet이 들어가면 대화의 맥락이 '미완료된 상태'에 집중됩니다. 현재완료(have + p.p.) 자체가 과거의 일이 현재까지 영향을 미치는 시제인데, 여기에 yet이 붙으면서 «과거부터 지금까지 쭉 기다려왔는데, 아직은 결과가 이렇다»라는 선(Line)의 개념이 완성되는 것입니다.yet은 단순히 궁금해서 묻는 것을 넘어 «이제는 되었을 법한데, 확인해봐도 될까?»라는 의미를 담기도 합니다. 한국어의 «벌써 다 했어?»와 «아직 안 했어?»의 경계에 있는 느낌이라고 이해하시면 쉽습니다.yet은 현재완료의 부정문과 의문문에서 주로 사용됩니다. 긍정문에서는 yet 대신 already를 사용하는 것이 일반적입니다. 구조를 표로 정리해 보겠습니다.Subject + haven't/hasn't + p.p. + yet. | The delivery hasn't arrived yet. |Have/Has + subject + p.p. + ... + yet? | Have you finished your homework yet? |not과 yet이 짝을 이룹니다. 이때 yet은 문장 가장 뒤에 놓여서 '아직 ~하지 않은 상태'를 강조합니다.I haven't seen the movie yet.(그 영화 아직 안 봤어. - 곧 볼 계획이 있음을 암시)She hasn't replied to my KakaoTalk message yet.(그녀가 아직 카톡 답장을 안 했어. - 기다리고 있는 상황)
Has the meeting started yet?(회의 시작했나요? - 시작할 시간이 되었음을 인지하고 확인하는 질문)Have you decided what to order yet?(무엇을 주문할지 결정하셨나요? - 카페나 식당에서 직원이 물어볼 때 자주 쓰는 표현)
yet을 문장 중간에 넣으려는 습관이 있습니다. 하지만 B1 수준에서는 yet을 문장 끝에 두는 연습을 완벽히 하는 것이 자연스러운 영어를 구사하는 지름길입니다.yet을 언제 써야 할지 감이 잘 안 온다면, 다음의 세 가지 한국적인 상황을 떠올려 보세요.yet이 필수입니다.Has my package been shipped yet?(제 택배가 아직 발송 안 됐나요? / 발송됐나요?)Have they prepared our table yet?(우리 자리가 아직 준비 안 됐나요?)
yet은 질문의 의도를 명확하게 해줍니다.did not을 쓰는 것보다 haven't ... yet을 쓰는 것이 훨씬 프로페셔널하고 '하고 있는 중이다'라는 인상을 줍니다.I haven't finished the report yet, but I'll send it by 5 PM.(보고서를 아직 다 못 끝냈습니다만, 5시까지는 보내겠습니다.)
yet은 «지금은 안 끝났지만 곧 끝낼 것이다»라는 긍정적인 약속의 뉘앙스를 포함합니다.Has the new episode come out yet?(새 에피소드 나왔어?)I haven't checked my grades yet.(성적 확인 아직 안 했어.)
yet은 긍정문에 쓰지 않습니다.- ❌
I have finished the work yet. - ✅
I have already finished the work.(이미 다 했어.) - ✅
I am still working on it.(아직 하고 있어.) - 설명: 긍정적인 완료를 나타낼 때는
already를, 계속 진행 중임을 나타낼 때는still을 써야 합니다.
yet을 넣으려 합니다.- ❌
I haven't yet seen him.(문법적으로 아주 틀린 건 아니지만, 매우 격식 차린 문어체 표현입니다. 일상 대화에서는 어색합니다.) - ✅
I haven't seen him yet. - 설명: 자연스러운 회화를 위해서는
yet을 문장 끝으로 보내는 습관을 들여야 합니다.
yet을 섞어 쓰기도 하지만(Did you eat yet?), 문법적으로 더 정확하고 영국식을 포함한 표준 영어에서는 현재완료와 쓰는 것이 원칙입니다. 특히 B1 시험(IELTS, TOEFL 등)에서는 현재완료와 결합하는 것이 안전합니다.- ❌
Did you finish yet?(미국 구어체에서는 흔하지만, 학습 단계에서는 피하는 것이 좋습니다.) - ✅
Have you finished yet?(가장 정확한 표현)
yet과 가장 많이 헷갈리는 단어는 already와 still입니다. 이 세 단어의 차이를 이해하면 영어의 시제 감각이 비약적으로 상승합니다.- 1
Have you eaten yet?(밥 먹었어? - 먹을 때가 되었으니 확인하는 중) - 2
Have you eaten already?(벌써 먹었어? - 생각보다 빨리 먹어서 놀람) - 3
Are you still eating?(아직도 먹고 있어? - 식사가 끝나지 않고 계속되는 중)
yet과 still 두 가지 의미를 모두 가지고 있습니다.- «아직 안 왔어» (기다리는 중) →
He hasn't come yet. - «아직 자고 있어» (상태 지속) →
He is still sleeping.
yet을 긍정문에 쓰는 경우는 절대 없나요?have yet to + 동사원형이라는 격식 있는 표현이 있습니다. 예를 들어 We have yet to decide.라고 하면 «우리는 아직 결정하지 않은 상태이다»라는 뜻이 됩니다. 하지만 이는 B2 이상의 고급 문어체이므로, B1 단계에서는 yet은 부정문과 의문문 끝에 온다고 기억하는 것이 훨씬 효율적입니다.not yet만 따로 대답으로 써도 되나요?Have you finished the report?라고 물었을 때, 길게 대답하기보다 Not yet.이라고만 해도 충분히 자연스럽고 완벽한 답변이 됩니다.already와 yet을 의문문에서 쓸 때 차이가 정확히 뭔가요?yet은 중립적인 확인입니다. 반면 already를 의문문에 쓰면 «벌써?»라는 놀람(Surprise)의 감정이 들어갑니다. 예를 들어, 숙제를 시작한 지 5분밖에 안 된 친구에게 Have you finished already?라고 묻는다면, 그 친구가 너무 빨리 끝내서 놀랐다는 뜻입니다.yet이 오는 경우를 봤어요.yet이 있습니다. 이때는 but과 비슷한 의미로 «그럼에도 불구하고»라는 뜻입니다. (예: It's a small car, yet it's very spacious.) 하지만 오늘 배운 현재완료의 yet과는 쓰임새가 완전히 다르니 헷갈리지 않도록 주의하세요!Present Perfect + Yet Structure
| Type | Subject | Auxiliary | Past Participle | Object/Adverb | End Particle |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Negative
|
I / You / We / They
|
haven't
|
finished
|
the work
|
yet
|
|
Negative
|
He / She / It
|
hasn't
|
started
|
the car
|
yet
|
|
Question
|
Have
|
you
|
seen
|
the movie
|
yet?
|
|
Question
|
Has
|
she
|
called
|
the office
|
yet?
|
Common Contractions
| Full Form | Contraction | Usage |
|---|---|---|
|
have not
|
haven't
|
Informal/Neutral speech
|
|
has not
|
hasn't
|
Informal/Neutral speech
|
Meanings
In the Present Perfect, 'yet' is used to refer to a time which started in the past and continues up to the present. It specifically highlights that an action is expected to happen in the future.
Negative Expectation
To indicate that something has not happened up to this moment, but you think it will happen soon.
“I haven't seen that movie yet.”
“She hasn't called me back yet.”
Status Inquiry
To ask if an expected action has been completed by the time of speaking.
“Have you finished your homework yet?”
“Has the mail come yet?”
Emphasis on Delay
In formal contexts, it can emphasize that a long-awaited event still hasn't occurred.
“The board has not yet reached a decision.”
“A cure for the disease has not been discovered yet.”
Reference Table
| 기능 | 구조 | 예시 | 의미 |
|---|---|---|---|
|
예상되는 행동에 대한 질문
|
Have/Has + Subject + Past Participle + yet?
|
Have you finished your report yet?
|
보고서가 끝났나요? 끝났을 거라고 예상해요.
|
|
부정문 (아직 안 일어남)
|
Subject + have/has + not + Past Participle + yet.
|
I haven't eaten dinner yet.
|
저녁 식사가 아직 남아있어요. 나중에 먹을 거예요.
|
|
사건 확인 요청
|
Have/Has + Subject + Past Participle + yet?
|
Has the package arrived yet?
|
소포를 기다리고 있어요. 여기에 있나요?
|
|
미완료된 작업 보고
|
Subject + have/has + not + Past Participle + yet.
|
They haven't announced the results yet.
|
발표가 예상되지만 아직 보류 중이에요.
|
|
비공식적인 짧은 답변
|
Not yet.
|
"Have you left?" "Not yet!"
|
아니요, 하지만 곧 할 거예요.
|
|
현재 상태 강조
|
Subject + have/has + not + Past Participle + yet.
|
She hasn't called me back yet.
|
아직도 그녀의 전화를 기다리고 있어요.
|
격식 수준 스펙트럼
Have you completed the assignment yet? (Work/School)
Have you finished your work yet? (Work/School)
Done yet? (Work/School)
You through with that yet? (Work/School)
현재 완료와 'yet'의 세계
주요 사용법
- Questions 예상했던 일이 일어났는지 묻기
- Negative Statements 예상했던 일이 아직 일어나지 않았다고 말하기
문장 구조
- Questions Have/Has + Subject + PP + ... + Yet?
- Negatives Subject + Have/Has + Not + PP + ... + Yet.
핵심 뉘앙스
- Expectation 행동이 결국 일어날 것으로 예상함을 암시함.
- Up to Now 과거부터 지금까지의 기간을 나타냄.
Yet vs. Just vs. Already
'Yet'을 사용해야 할까?
현재 완료 시제(have/has + 과거 분사)를 사용하고 있나요?
문장이 의문문인가요, 아니면 부정문인가요?
행동이 일어날 것으로 예상하거나, 지금까지 일어났는지 묻는 건가요?
'Yet'이 잘 어울리는 곳
일상생활
- • 아직 커피를 안 마셨어.
- • 우편물 아직 왔어?
- • 아직 집안일을 못 끝냈어.
직장/학업
- • 아직 보고서를 안 보냈어.
- • 사장님이 아직 검토하셨나요?
- • 아직 과제를 제출하지 않았어.
사교 활동
- • 그들 아직 도착했어?
- • 그녀가 아직 답장을 안 보냈어.
- • 주말 계획 아직 안 세웠어.
기술
- • 업데이트가 아직 다운로드되지 않았어.
- • 아직 핸드폰 충전했어?
- • 내 게임이 아직 로딩되지 않았어.
수준별 예문
I haven't eaten yet.
I haven't eaten yet.
Has he come yet?
Has he come yet?
We haven't started yet.
We haven't started yet.
Have you seen it yet?
Have you seen it yet?
She hasn't finished her homework yet.
She hasn't finished her homework yet.
Have they arrived at the station yet?
Have they arrived at the station yet?
I haven't bought the tickets yet.
I haven't bought the tickets yet.
Has the movie started yet?
Has the movie started yet?
I haven't received a reply to my email yet.
I haven't received a reply to my email yet.
Have you decided where to go on holiday yet?
Have you decided where to go on holiday yet?
The doctor hasn't seen the patient yet.
The doctor hasn't seen the patient yet.
We haven't found a solution to the problem yet.
We haven't found a solution to the problem yet.
The government hasn't passed the new law yet.
The government hasn't passed the new law yet.
Have you managed to fix the bug in the software yet?
Have you managed to fix the bug in the software yet?
They haven't officially announced the winner yet.
They haven't officially announced the winner yet.
Has the company released its annual report yet?
Has the company released its annual report yet?
The full implications of the study haven't been realized yet.
The full implications of the study haven't been realized yet.
Have the negotiators reached a consensus yet?
Have the negotiators reached a consensus yet?
We haven't quite mastered the art of negotiation yet.
We haven't quite mastered the art of negotiation yet.
Has the dust settled on the recent scandal yet?
Has the dust settled on the recent scandal yet?
The definitive biography of the artist hasn't been written yet.
The definitive biography of the artist hasn't been written yet.
Have the long-term effects of the policy been fully evaluated yet?
Have the long-term effects of the policy been fully evaluated yet?
The team hasn't reconciled the conflicting data sets yet.
The team hasn't reconciled the conflicting data sets yet.
Has the philosophical debate over AI consciousness reached a stalemate yet?
Has the philosophical debate over AI consciousness reached a stalemate yet?
혼동하기 쉬운
Learners use 'yet' in positive sentences because their native language uses the same word for both.
Both imply an unfinished action, but 'still' emphasizes the duration and 'yet' emphasizes the expectation.
'Just' is for very recent completions, while 'yet' is for non-completions.
자주 하는 실수
I have finished yet.
I have already finished.
I not finished yet.
I haven't finished yet.
Have you finish yet?
Have you finished yet?
I haven't yet eaten.
I haven't eaten yet.
Did you finish yet?
Have you finished yet?
She hasn't yet arrived.
She hasn't arrived yet.
I haven't seen him already.
I haven't seen him yet.
I haven't still finished.
I haven't finished yet.
Has he yet to arrive?
Has he arrived yet?
I haven't never seen it yet.
I haven't seen it yet.
The results haven't been yet published.
The results haven't been published yet.
문장 패턴
I haven't ___ yet.
Has the ___ ___ yet?
We haven't quite ___ how to ___ yet.
Have you ___ whether you're ___ yet?
Real World Usage
You there yet?
I haven't had the opportunity to lead a team yet, but I am eager to learn.
Has our food come yet?
The gate hasn't opened yet.
Haven't posted the vlog yet! Coming soon!
Have you taken the medicine yet?
'Yet'은 항상 문장 끝에!
긍정문에는 'Yet'을 쓰지 마세요!
행동을 '예상'할 때 사용해요
축약형으로 더 자연스럽게!
Smart Tips
Always add 'yet' to the end to sound more helpful and positive.
Be careful! At the start of a sentence, 'Yet' usually means 'But' or 'However'.
Use 'yet' for every item that doesn't have a checkmark.
Use 'have yet to' + base verb instead of 'haven't ... yet'.
발음
The 't' in Yet
In American English, the 't' in 'yet' is often a 'stop t' or a 'flap t' if followed by a vowel, but at the end of a sentence, it is often unreleased.
Contraction Stress
In the sentence 'I haven't finished yet', the stress usually falls on 'finished' and 'yet'.
Rising Intonation for Questions
Have you eaten yet? ↗
Conveys a genuine question or curiosity.
Falling Intonation for Negatives
I haven't seen it yet. ↘
Conveys a statement of fact.
암기하기
기억법
YET stands for 'You Expect This'. If you expect it to happen, use yet!
시각적 연상
Imagine a bridge that is missing the last few bricks. You are standing on the bridge looking at the other side. The missing bricks are 'yet'—they haven't been placed, but they will be soon.
Rhyme
If it's not done and you're waiting for the net, just put at the end the word 'yet'!
Story
Bob is a lazy builder. His boss asks, 'Have you finished the wall yet?' Bob sighs and says, 'I haven't even started yet!' The 'yet' shows the boss is waiting and Bob knows he has to do it eventually.
Word Web
챌린지
Look at your to-do list. Say out loud three things you haven't done yet using the Present Perfect.
문화 노트
British speakers are very strict about using the Present Perfect with 'yet'. Using the Past Simple ('Did you do it yet?') sounds very American to them.
In casual American speech, the Past Simple is frequently used with 'yet'. It is not considered 'wrong' in conversation, but the Present Perfect is preferred in writing.
Using 'yet' in a professional context shows that you are aware of a deadline or expectation. It sounds more proactive than a simple 'no'.
From Old English 'giet' or 'gyta', meaning 'at this time' or 'hitherto'.
대화 시작하기
Have you traveled to any other countries yet?
Have you decided what you want to do this weekend yet?
Has the new season of your favorite show come out yet?
Have you ever tried skydiving? No? Have you thought about it yet?
일기 주제
자주 하는 실수
Test Yourself
He ___ arrived at the party yet.
Choose the correct sentence:
Translate into English: 'Você já comprou os ingressos?'
Answer starts with: ["H...
Score: /3
연습 문제
8 exercisesI (not / finish) my coffee ___.
Has the mail arrived ___?
Find and fix the mistake:
She has already not called me yet.
They have already left.
A: Are you ready to go? B: No, I ___.
Select the grammatically perfect sentence.
1. I've already eaten. 2. I haven't eaten yet.
homework / hasn't / finished / she / her / yet
Score: /8
Practice Bank
12 exercisesThe meeting ___ (start) yet, so we have time.
I yet haven't received the email.
Choose the correct sentence:
Translate into English: 'Eles ainda não chegaram em casa.'
Arrange these words into a sentence:
Match the sentence beginnings with their endings:
We haven't ___ (discuss) the plans yet.
Did you submit your application yet?
Choose the correct sentence:
Translate into English: 'Ainda não recebi a confirmação do pedido.'
Arrange these words into a sentence:
Match the questions with their answers:
Score: /12
자주 묻는 질문 (8)
Generally, no. In standard English, we use `already` for positive sentences. However, in very formal English, you might see `I have yet to...`, but this actually has a negative meaning (I haven't done it).
`Not yet` is neutral and focuses on the expectation. `Still not` often sounds more frustrated or surprised that something is taking so long. Example: 'I haven't finished yet' (Neutral) vs 'I still haven't finished!' (Frustrated).
It is not wrong in American English conversation. However, in British English and on international exams like the TOEFL or IELTS, you should use the Present Perfect: `Have you finished yet?`.
In 99% of cases, `yet` goes at the very end of the sentence or clause.
No, we don't usually use `yet` with the Present Continuous. We use `still` for ongoing actions. Example: 'I am still working' (not 'I am working yet').
It's a very common and polite way to say 'No, but it will happen soon.' It's much more natural than just saying 'No' when someone asks if you've finished something.
It doesn't change the verb's meaning, but it changes the *aspect* of the sentence, adding the feeling of 'up to now' and 'future expectation'.
Yes, it is very common in formal reports to indicate that data is not available or a decision hasn't been made. Example: 'The results have not been verified yet.'
Scaffolded Practice
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Mastery Progress
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Improving
Strong
Mastered
In Other Languages
todavía no / ya
Spanish 'ya' is more flexible in position than English 'yet'.
pas encore
French doesn't require a specific 'perfect' tense as strictly as British English does with 'yet'.
noch nicht
German word order often places 'nicht' at the end, but 'noch' earlier in the sentence.
mada (まだ) + negative
Japanese doesn't have a separate word for 'yet' vs 'still'; 'mada' covers both.
lam... ba'du (لم... بعدُ)
Arabic uses a specific jussive particle 'lam' for this past-negation.
hái méi (还没)
The position is completely different (before verb vs. end of sentence).
Learning Path
Prerequisites
Learn These First
관련 동영상
Mary Uncovers Anna's Attacker | Downton Abbey
Jon Stewart Makes the Case for Dems Holding the Line in Trump's Shutdown Warfare | The Daily Show
The Perfect Morning Routine Every Man Should Do (Science Based)
just, already, yet 사용법 & '현재완료진행' 원어민은 이렇게 말해요 [영어말하기공식 38,39]
은하수업
순서를 바꿔보면 현재완료 간단히 정복 가능합니다 (영문법특강 2-2편)
지후영어
[ 기초영어회화 ] 완료시제 연습 - "아직/벌써" + 완료시제
라이브 아카데미 토들러
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