Explanation at your level:
When you are frightened, you feel scared. Maybe you see a big dog and you feel afraid. You want to run away. It is a bad feeling. You can say: 'I am frightened of the dark.' It is like being scared of a ghost or a monster. Everyone feels frightened sometimes.
Being frightened is a normal feeling when something dangerous happens. If you are walking in the woods and hear a loud noise, you might feel frightened. It means you are not feeling safe. You can be frightened of animals, heights, or even small things like spiders. It is a very common word to use when you want to explain why you are acting nervous.
The word frightened is used to describe a state of fear. Unlike 'scared,' which is very common, 'frightened' sounds a bit more descriptive. We often use it with 'of' to talk about phobias, like 'I am frightened of flying.' It is also common to see it used in stories to describe a character's reaction to a sudden event, such as 'The frightened child hid behind the door.'
In B2 level English, we look at the nuance of frightened. It implies a reaction to an immediate threat or a deep-seated anxiety. We use collocations like 'frightened to death' to add intensity. It is also important to distinguish it from 'frightening,' which describes the thing causing the fear (e.g., 'The movie was frightening'). Using 'frightened' correctly shows you can express emotional states clearly in both formal and informal contexts.
At the C1 level, frightened is often used in more complex narrative structures. You might see it used to describe a 'frightened silence' or a 'frightened glance,' where the adjective adds atmosphere to the scene. It is a versatile word that can be used to convey vulnerability. In academic or professional settings, you might use it to describe a 'frightened reaction' to a market shift or a crisis, showing how the word can transcend simple personal fear to describe broader human or group responses.
For C2 mastery, consider the etymological depth of frightened. It carries a sense of ancestral alarm—a visceral, biological response. In literature, it is often paired with sensory imagery to evoke a strong psychological state. Beyond simple fear, it can imply a sense of being overwhelmed or intimidated by circumstances. When you use it, you are tapping into a long history of human expression regarding our vulnerability to the unknown. It is a powerful, evocative term that, when used precisely, adds significant weight to your descriptions of human behavior and emotional landscapes.
30초 단어
- Frightened means feeling afraid.
- It is an adjective.
- Use 'of' or 'by' after it.
- It is a very common emotion.
When you feel frightened, your body and mind are reacting to something that makes you feel unsafe. It is that sudden jolt of alarm you get when you hear a loud bang or see something spooky.
Think of it as your brain's survival mode kicking in. It is a very natural human emotion that helps us stay alert when we encounter things that are dangerous or simply unknown. You might feel frightened during a horror movie, or perhaps if you get lost in a new city.
It is important to remember that being frightened is just a temporary feeling. It doesn't mean you are weak; it just means your brain is doing its job to protect you by highlighting a potential risk. Everyone experiences this feeling at some point in their lives!
The word frightened comes from the Middle English word frighten, which evolved from the Old English word fyrhtu, meaning fear or terror.
It has deep roots in Germanic languages. If you look at the German word Furcht, you can see the family resemblance immediately. Historically, these words were used to describe the physical reaction to a threat, often involving trembling or shivering.
Over the centuries, the word has shifted from describing a deep, existential dread to the more common, everyday feeling of being scared or startled. It is a classic example of how language evolves to fit our daily human experiences, moving from ancient, heavy roots to the versatile adjective we use today.
You will most often hear people say they are frightened of something. For example, 'She is frightened of spiders.' You can also say you are frightened by an event, like 'He was frightened by the loud thunder.'
In terms of register, it is a very neutral word. You can use it in a conversation with a friend or in a more serious story. It is slightly more descriptive than just saying 'scared,' which makes it a great choice for writing.
Common collocations include 'frightened to death' for emphasis, or 'frightened look' when describing someone's face. It is a versatile word that fits perfectly into both casual and descriptive writing.
Frightened to death: To be extremely scared. 'I was frightened to death when the lights went out.'
Frightened out of one's wits: To be terrified to the point of losing composure. 'The sudden scream frightened me out of my wits.'
Frighten the life out of someone: To cause someone a great shock. 'You frightened the life out of me sneaking up like that!'
Frighten away: To cause someone or something to leave due to fear. 'The loud noise frightened away the birds.'
Frighten off: Similar to frighten away, often used for people or animals. 'The guard dog frightened off the intruders.'
As an adjective, frightened is used to describe a person or animal. It is pronounced /ˈfraɪtnd/ in both British and American English, with the stress on the first syllable.
It is often used with the preposition 'of' or 'by'. You can say 'I am frightened of the dark' or 'I am frightened by the news.' It is not a noun, so you don't pluralize it.
Rhyming words include tightened, brightened, and lightened. It is a straightforward word to pronounce once you master the 'tnd' ending, which sounds like a quick 't-nd' sound.
Fun Fact
The word is related to the German word 'Furcht'.
Pronunciation Guide
Starts with 'fry', ends with a quick 'tnd' sound.
Similar to UK, clear 't' sound.
Common Errors
- Pronouncing the 'e' in 'ened'
- Confusing with 'frightening'
- Missing the 't' sound
Rhymes With
Difficulty Rating
Easy to read
Commonly used
Commonly used
Easy to hear
What to Learn Next
Prerequisites
Learn Next
고급
Grammar to Know
Adjective usage
I am frightened.
Prepositions with adjectives
Frightened of.
Participle adjectives
Frightened vs Frightening.
Examples by Level
I am frightened of the dark.
I / am / afraid / of / the / dark
Use 'of' after frightened.
The cat is frightened.
The / cat / is / scared
Adjective describing a noun.
Don't be frightened.
Do / not / be / scared
Imperative form.
Are you frightened?
Are / you / scared?
Question form.
He looks frightened.
He / looks / scared
Linking verb 'look' + adjective.
The dog is frightened.
The / dog / is / scared
Subject + verb + adjective.
She was frightened.
She / was / scared
Past tense.
I feel frightened.
I / feel / scared
Linking verb 'feel'.
The loud noise made the children frightened.
I am frightened of spiders.
She gave a frightened look.
He was too frightened to speak.
The frightened bird flew away.
Are you frightened of the storm?
They were frightened by the shadows.
Don't be frightened, I am here.
The horse was frightened by the passing car.
She had a frightened expression on her face.
I've always been frightened of deep water.
The frightened passengers waited for news.
He was frightened to death by the horror film.
Don't let your mistakes make you frightened to try.
The frightened kitten hid under the sofa.
She spoke in a frightened whisper.
The sudden economic downturn left many investors feeling frightened.
He was frightened out of his wits by the unexpected visitor.
Despite his brave exterior, he was deeply frightened.
The frightened silence in the room was deafening.
She was frightened to admit the truth to her parents.
The frightened crowd scrambled for the exits.
He felt a frightened tremor in his hands.
It is normal to feel frightened when facing the unknown.
The protagonist's frightened reaction revealed her hidden trauma.
A frightened stillness settled over the battlefield.
He was frightened by the implications of his own discovery.
The frightened animal retreated into the shadows of the forest.
She cast a frightened glance at the closing door.
His frightened tone betrayed his lack of confidence.
The community was frightened by the rapid changes in policy.
One should not be frightened by the complexity of the task.
The atmosphere was thick with a frightened, palpable tension.
He was frightened into submission by the harsh regime.
The frightened flicker of the candle mirrored her own anxiety.
She possessed a frightened, ethereal beauty.
The report left the board members feeling profoundly frightened.
His frightened eyes scanned the room for an exit.
The symphony captured the frightened heartbeat of a fugitive.
One must overcome the frightened impulse to retreat.
자주 쓰는 조합
Idioms & Expressions
"frightened to death"
Extremely scared
The movie scared me to death.
casual"frighten the life out of someone"
Give a huge shock
You frightened the life out of me!
casual"frighten away"
Scare something so it leaves
The dog frightened away the cat.
neutral"frighten off"
Deter someone
The alarm frightened off the thief.
neutral"frightened out of one's wits"
Terrified
I was frightened out of my wits.
casual"scared stiff"
Paralyzed by fear
I was scared stiff.
casualEasily Confused
Similar root
Frightening causes fear; frightened feels it.
The movie was frightening; I was frightened.
Synonym
Scared is more common/informal.
I am scared of dogs.
Synonym
Afraid is often used for states of mind.
I am afraid of failing.
Stronger synonym
Terrified is extreme fear.
I am terrified of heights.
Sentence Patterns
Subject + be + frightened + of + noun
I am frightened of spiders.
Subject + be + frightened + by + noun
He was frightened by the dog.
Subject + be + too + frightened + to + verb
She was too frightened to talk.
Subject + look + frightened
You look frightened.
Subject + feel + frightened
I feel frightened alone.
어휘 가족
Nouns
Verbs
Adjectives
관련
How to Use It
8
Formality Scale
자주 하는 실수
We use 'of' for the object of fear.
Use -ed for feelings, -ing for the cause.
While 'very frightened' works, 'terrified' is more precise.
Usually 'of' is better for phobias.
Preposition error.
Tips
Memory Palace Trick
Put a 'scared' character in your hallway.
When Native Speakers Use It
When describing a reaction to a movie.
Cultural Insight
Often used in ghost stories.
Grammar Shortcut
Always follow with 'of' or 'by'.
Say It Right
Focus on the 'tnd' ending.
Don't Make This Mistake
Don't confuse with 'frightening'.
Did You Know?
It comes from Old English.
Study Smart
Use flashcards with pictures.
Expand
Learn 'terrified' and 'petrified' too.
Practice
Say it out loud.
Memorize It
Mnemonic
FRY-tened: Imagine a scared egg trying to jump out of a hot frying pan!
Visual Association
A person with wide eyes hiding behind a door.
Word Web
챌린지
Write three sentences about things that make you feel frightened.
어원
Old English
Original meaning: Fear or terror
문화적 맥락
None
Commonly used in everyday life to describe reactions to horror movies or sudden shocks.
Practice in Real Life
Real-World Contexts
at school
- frightened of the test
- frightened to speak up
- frightened of the bully
at work
- frightened of losing my job
- frightened to ask for help
- frightened by the deadline
traveling
- frightened of flying
- frightened of being lost
- frightened by the crowd
horror movies
- frightened to death
- frightened by the jump scare
- too frightened to watch
Conversation Starters
"What is something you are frightened of?"
"Do you get frightened easily?"
"What was the last thing that frightened you?"
"Are you frightened of the dark?"
"How do you act when you are frightened?"
Journal Prompts
Write about a time you felt very frightened.
Describe a character who is frightened of something.
How does your body feel when you are frightened?
Is it good to feel frightened sometimes?
자주 묻는 질문
8 질문No, it is an adjective or past participle.
Use it to describe how you feel.
Frightened is the feeling, frightening is the cause.
Yes, but 'terrified' is stronger.
It is neutral.
No, it is an adjective.
Yes, animals can be frightened.
Fright.
셀프 테스트
I am ___ of the dark.
Frightened describes fear.
Which word means the same as 'frightened'?
Scared is a synonym.
You can be frightened of a spider.
Correct usage.
Word
뜻
Synonym matching.
The cat was frightened.
점수: /5
Summary
Frightened is the feeling of fear, and remember to use 'of' when you tell someone what scares you!
- Frightened means feeling afraid.
- It is an adjective.
- Use 'of' or 'by' after it.
- It is a very common emotion.
Memory Palace Trick
Put a 'scared' character in your hallway.
When Native Speakers Use It
When describing a reaction to a movie.
Cultural Insight
Often used in ghost stories.
Grammar Shortcut
Always follow with 'of' or 'by'.
예시
The little boy was frightened by the loud thunder during the storm.
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