B1 Adjective / Verb (Past Participle) #42 가장 일반적인 6분 분량

spoken

At the B2 level, 'spoken' is a versatile word, encountered frequently in both its past participle and adjectival forms. As a past participle, it's used in perfect tenses, such as "I have spoken to him," indicating a completed action of speaking. Furthermore, you'll see it in passive voice constructions, for example, "English is spoken in many countries."

When used as an adjective, 'spoken' often describes something related to speech, like "spoken language" versus written language. It can also refer to how someone articulates words, as in "her softly spoken words." Mastering its use in these varied contexts is key for B2 learners to express nuances in communication.

At the C2 level, 'spoken' transcends its basic definition, delving into nuanced applications within sophisticated discourse. Beyond merely indicating oral communication, it often implicitly contrasts with written forms, highlighting the unique conventions, spontaneity, and paralinguistic features inherent in verbal exchange. C2 users grasp how 'spoken' can characterize not only the act of speaking but also the specific register, dialect, or even the socio-cultural context of oral output. For example, one might discuss the intricacies of 'spoken rhetoric' or the subtle distinctions between 'spoken' and 'written' grammatical structures in academic contexts. This level of understanding permits a profound analysis of linguistic variation and communication strategies across different modalities.

§ What does it mean and when do people use it?

Definition
Spoken is the past participle form of the verb 'speak,' used to describe communication through oral speech rather than writing. It also functions as an adjective to describe a person's manner of talking or to specify that a language is used in conversation.

The word 'spoken' is incredibly versatile in the English language, serving both as a past participle of the verb 'to speak' and as an adjective. Understanding its various applications is key to mastering its use. At its core, 'spoken' refers to anything communicated through oral means, distinguishing it from written or other forms of expression.

§ As a Past Participle: The Action of Speaking

When 'spoken' is used as the past participle of 'speak,' it often appears in perfect tenses (present perfect, past perfect, future perfect) or in passive voice constructions. In these contexts, it emphasizes the completion of the act of speaking or the fact that something has been uttered.

  • Present Perfect: Used for actions that started in the past and continue to the present, or for completed actions with a present result.

She has spoken about this issue many times.

  • Past Perfect: Used to describe an action that was completed before another action in the past.

By the time I arrived, he had already spoken his mind.

  • Passive Voice: When the subject of the sentence is the receiver of the action.

The words were spoken softly.

In these constructions, 'spoken' acts as part of the verb phrase, indicating the manner or completion of the verbal communication. It's crucial for conveying the timeline and the agent-patient relationship in a sentence.

§ As an Adjective: Describing Oral Communication and Manner

Beyond its role as a past participle, 'spoken' frequently functions as an adjective, modifying nouns to provide more specific information about them. This is where its meaning often expands to describe the nature of language or communication itself.

  • Referring to Oral Language: One common use is to differentiate between written and oral forms of a language.

The book provides exercises for both written and spoken English.

In this context, 'spoken English' refers to the English language as it is used in conversation, often implying differences in grammar, vocabulary, and pronunciation compared to written English. This distinction is vital in language learning and linguistics.

  • Describing a Person's Manner of Talking: 'Spoken' can also be used to characterize how someone talks, focusing on their delivery or style.

Her quietly spoken words had a profound impact.

Here, 'quietly spoken' describes the manner in which the words were delivered – soft, gentle, or perhaps even reserved. It paints a picture of the person's vocal expression. Similarly, one might refer to a 'softly spoken' individual, emphasizing their gentle speaking voice as a personal characteristic.

  • Indicating Oral Delivery of Information: 'Spoken' can also describe information that has been conveyed verbally rather than in writing.

The agreement was spoken, not written down.

This usage highlights the informal or perhaps less binding nature of verbal communication compared to documented agreements. It underscores the importance of the medium of communication.

In conclusion, 'spoken' is a fundamental word in English, reflecting the essence of verbal communication. Whether indicating a completed action of speaking or describing the characteristics of oral language or delivery, its accurate use enriches expression and clarifies meaning. By understanding its dual role as a past participle and an adjective, learners can confidently incorporate 'spoken' into their vocabulary, enhancing their ability to discuss and describe the nuanced world of human speech.

§ Understanding "Spoken" as a Verb (Past Participle)

As the past participle of 'speak,' 'spoken' is primarily used in perfect tenses (present perfect, past perfect, future perfect) and in passive voice constructions. It indicates an action that has been completed or a state resulting from that action.

Formation
To form the perfect tenses, 'spoken' is combined with auxiliary verbs like 'have,' 'has,' or 'had.'

She has spoken about her experiences many times.

By the time I arrived, he had already spoken to the manager.

Passive Voice
In the passive voice, 'spoken' follows a form of 'to be' (e.g., is, are, was, were) and often precedes 'by' to indicate the doer of the action, or simply describes what was said.

The words were spoken softly.

English is widely spoken in many countries.

§ "Spoken" as an Adjective

When 'spoken' functions as an adjective, it modifies a noun, describing its quality or characteristic related to speech. It often refers to something communicated orally or the manner in which someone speaks.

Describing Communication
It can differentiate between oral and written forms of language or communication.

The agreement was purely spoken, with no written contract.

We need to improve our spoken English skills.

Describing Manner of Speaking
It can describe how someone speaks or their verbal style.

Her softly spoken words calmed the agitated crowd.

§ Common Phrases and Prepositions with "Spoken"

While 'spoken' itself doesn't always directly take a preposition, it frequently appears in contexts where prepositions are used to link it to other parts of the sentence, especially when discussing the subject or manner of speech.

  • Spoken about/of: These prepositions are used when referring to the topic or subject that has been discussed.

    The issues spoken about at the meeting were important.

    She is a highly spoken of artist.

  • Spoken in: This indicates the language or tone used for speaking.

    The vows were spoken in hushed tones.

    Is French spoken in this region?

  • Spoken to: This refers to the person or people who were addressed.

    He hasn't spoken to me since our argument.

수준별 예문

1

She has never spoken to him before.

Ella nunca le ha hablado antes.

Here, 'spoken' is used as the past participle of 'speak' in the present perfect tense.

2

The words were spoken softly.

Las palabras fueron dichas suavemente.

In this sentence, 'spoken' is the past participle, part of a passive voice construction.

3

Is English widely spoken in your country?

¿Se habla mucho inglés en tu país?

'Spoken' acts as an adjective here, describing the English language.

4

He has a softly spoken manner.

Él tiene una manera de hablar suave.

Used as an adjective, 'spoken' describes the manner of talking.

5

Have you ever spoken in public?

¿Alguna vez has hablado en público?

Past participle of 'speak' in a present perfect question.

6

The agreement was spoken, not written.

El acuerdo fue hablado, no escrito.

'Spoken' is an adjective, contrasting with 'written'.

7

They had not spoken for many years.

No se habían hablado durante muchos años.

Past participle of 'speak' in the past perfect tense.

8

His spoken English is very good.

Su inglés hablado es muy bueno.

'Spoken' as an adjective modifying 'English'.

1

English is widely spoken in many countries around the world.

Many countries speak English.

Used as an adjective here, describing the language.

2

The words spoken by the teacher were very encouraging.

The teacher's words encouraged us.

Used as a past participle, modifying 'words'.

3

Her spoken French improved a lot during her trip to Paris.

She spoke French better after her trip.

Used as an adjective, describing the skill.

4

He had never spoken to a famous person before.

He hadn't talked to a famous person.

Used as a past participle, part of the present perfect tense.

5

Please ensure all instructions are clearly spoken.

Make sure to say the instructions clearly.

Used as a past participle, modifying 'instructions'.

6

The agreement was only spoken, not written down.

The agreement was just said, not written.

Used as an adjective, indicating oral communication.

7

I'm not used to spoken exams; I prefer writing.

I don't like speaking exams; I prefer writing.

Used as an adjective, describing the type of exam.

8

Has anyone spoken to the manager about the problem?

Did anyone talk to the manager?

Used as a past participle, part of the present perfect tense.

1

The spoken word often carries more weight than written text in emotional situations.

La palabra hablada a menudo tiene más peso que el texto escrito en situaciones emocionales.

Here 'spoken' acts as an adjective modifying 'word', emphasizing oral communication.

2

Her spoken English improved dramatically after living abroad for a year.

Su inglés hablado mejoró drásticamente después de vivir en el extranjero durante un año.

'Spoken' is an adjective describing the quality of her verbal communication in English.

3

The ancient language is rarely spoken nowadays, making it difficult to find native speakers.

El idioma antiguo rara vez se habla hoy en día, lo que dificulta encontrar hablantes nativos.

As a past participle, 'spoken' is part of a passive voice construction, indicating the action of speaking the language.

4

All the instructions were spoken clearly, so there was no room for misunderstanding.

Todas las instrucciones fueron pronunciadas claramente, por lo que no hubo lugar a malentendidos.

Used as a past participle in a passive sentence, emphasizing how the instructions were delivered.

5

He had a softly spoken manner, which made him seem very approachable.

Tenía una manera de hablar suave, lo que lo hacía parecer muy accesible.

Here, 'spoken' is part of a compound adjective 'softly spoken', describing his verbal demeanor.

6

The agreement was only spoken, not written, which later led to complications.

El acuerdo fue solo hablado, no escrito, lo que luego llevó a complicaciones.

'Spoken' contrasts with 'written' as an adjective, highlighting the oral nature of the agreement.

7

Many proverbs have been spoken for generations, passing down wisdom through time.

Muchos proverbios se han transmitido de generación en generación, pasando la sabiduría a través del tiempo.

As a past participle, 'spoken' indicates the action of uttering proverbs over a long period.

8

She regretted the harsh words she had spoken in the heat of the moment.

Se arrepintió de las duras palabras que había pronunciado en el calor del momento.

'Spoken' is the past participle of 'speak', used here in a past perfect tense to describe a completed action.

1

The diplomat's carefully spoken words diffused the tense situation, preventing an international incident.

The diplomat's carefully spoken words diffused the tense situation, preventing an international incident.

Here, 'spoken' functions as an adjective modifying 'words,' emphasizing the deliberate and precise nature of the speech.

2

Her softly spoken critique, though gentle, carried the weight of years of expertise and left no room for argument.

Her softly spoken critique, though gentle, carried the weight of years of expertise and left no room for argument.

'Spoken' is used adjectivally to describe the manner in which the critique was delivered, highlighting its quiet yet impactful nature.

3

Despite the myriad of dialects, a universally spoken form of the language ensured clear communication across the vast empire.

Despite the myriad of dialects, a universally spoken form of the language ensured clear communication across the vast empire.

As an adjective, 'spoken' describes the language, indicating that it is commonly used in conversation by everyone.

4

The ancient rituals were often accompanied by chants, their meanings lost to all but a few who understood the archaic spoken tongue.

The ancient rituals were often accompanied by chants, their meanings lost to all but a few who understood the archaic spoken tongue.

Here, 'spoken' acts as an adjective, specifying that the 'tongue' (language) is used orally rather than written.

5

Never a word was spoken against the reigning monarch, such was the fear instilled by their absolute power.

Never a word was spoken against the reigning monarch, such was the fear instilled by their absolute power.

'Spoken' is the past participle of 'speak,' used in a passive construction, indicating that no words were uttered.

6

The prophecies, once spoken by the oracles of old, had guided generations and were now nearing their enigmatic fulfillment.

The prophecies, once spoken by the oracles of old, had guided generations and were now nearing their enigmatic fulfillment.

In this context, 'spoken' is the past participle, referring to the act of uttering the prophecies in the past.

7

He possessed an uncanny ability to discern the unspoken anxieties lurking beneath the surface of polite conversation.

He possessed an uncanny ability to discern the unspoken anxieties lurking beneath the surface of polite conversation.

While 'unspoken' is used here, it's a direct antonym, illustrating the usage of 'spoken' as something that *has* been said, highlighting its absence.

8

The entire legal agreement was meticulously documented, with every clause precisely spoken and recorded to prevent future disputes.

The entire legal agreement was meticulously documented, with every clause precisely spoken and recorded to prevent future disputes.

'Spoken' is the past participle, indicating that the clauses were verbally expressed and then subsequently recorded.

자주 쓰는 조합

spoken word palabra hablada
spoken language lenguaje hablado
spoken English inglés hablado
spoken too soon hablado demasiado pronto
softly spoken de habla suave
well-spoken bien hablado
spoken for comprometido/reservado
plainly spoken hablado claramente
never spoken nunca hablado
freely spoken hablado libremente

자주 쓰는 구문

Have you spoken to him?

¿Le has hablado?

It's better left unspoken.

Es mejor dejarlo sin decir.

Actions speak louder than words spoken.

Las acciones hablan más fuerte que las palabras.

The words were softly spoken.

Las palabras fueron dichas suavemente.

He is well-spoken and articulate.

Es elocuente y bien hablado.

My evening is already spoken for.

Mi noche ya está comprometida.

She has never spoken a word of complaint.

Nunca ha dicho una palabra de queja.

This is a commonly spoken phrase.

Esta es una frase comúnmente hablada.

The truth must be spoken.

La verdad debe ser dicha.

I had spoken too soon.

Había hablado demasiado pronto.

관용어 및 표현

"strictly speaking"

Used to indicate that what one is about to say is technically correct or precise, often implying a slight correction or a more accurate way of putting things.

Strictly speaking, a tomato is a fruit, not a vegetable.

neutral

"to be widely spoken"

To be a language that many people use or speak.

English is a widely spoken language around the world.

neutral

"to be softly spoken"

To have a quiet or gentle voice.

She's very softly spoken, so you have to listen carefully to hear her.

neutral

"to be well spoken"

To speak in an articulate and grammatically correct way, often associated with a good education or polite manner.

He's very well spoken and always expresses himself clearly.

neutral

"actions speak louder than words"

What someone does is more important and shows their true intentions more clearly than what they say.

He promised to help, but actions speak louder than words, and he hasn't done anything yet.

neutral

"to be unspoken"

Something that is felt or understood without being said aloud.

There was an unspoken understanding between them.

neutral

"the unwritten rules/laws"

Rules or customs that are generally understood and followed but are not officially stated or written down. (Closely related to 'unspoken')

In this office, it's an unwritten rule that you bring donuts on your birthday.

neutral

"to be spoken for"

1. To be already reserved or taken. 2. To be in a romantic relationship and therefore not available.

1. I'm afraid that seat is spoken for. 2. Sorry, I can't go out with you, I'm spoken for.

neutral

"to speak one's mind"

To say exactly what one thinks, even if it might be impolite or cause offense.

She's not afraid to speak her mind, which I admire.

neutral

"to be plain spoken"

To speak in a direct, simple, and honest way, often without much formality or politeness.

He's a plain spoken man; you always know where you stand with him.

neutral

사용법

Usage Notes:

1. Past Participle of 'Speak': 'Spoken' is most commonly used as the past participle of the verb 'speak.' This is crucial for forming perfect tenses and passive voice constructions.

  • Perfect Tenses: "I have spoken to him about the issue." "She had spoken before I arrived."
  • Passive Voice: "The words were spoken softly." "English is spoken in many countries."

2. As an Adjective: When used as an adjective, 'spoken' describes something communicated through speech or relating to the act of speaking.

  • Referring to Language/Communication: "This is a spoken agreement, not a written contract." "The play relied heavily on spoken dialogue."
  • Describing a Manner of Speaking: "He has a softly spoken manner." (Here, 'spoken' combines with an adverb to describe the style of speaking.)

3. Contrast with 'Written': Often, 'spoken' is used in contrast to 'written' to emphasize the oral nature of communication.

  • "The instructions were both spoken and written."

4. 'Spoken' vs. 'Speaking': Be careful not to confuse 'spoken' (past participle/adjective) with 'speaking' (present participle/gerund).

  • Speaking: "He is speaking now." "Speaking publicly can be nerve-wracking."
  • Spoken: "The words were spoken clearly."

자주 하는 실수

Common Mistakes:

1. Incorrectly using 'spoke' instead of 'spoken' in perfect tenses or passive voice:

  • Incorrect: "I have spoke to him."
  • Correct: "I have spoken to him."
  • Incorrect: "The words were spoke quickly."
  • Correct: "The words were spoken quickly."

2. Confusing 'spoken' (past participle) with 'speaking' (present participle/gerund) when describing the act of speaking:

  • Incorrect: "He is spoken on the phone." (Unless you mean someone else is speaking *about* him)
  • Correct: "He is speaking on the phone."
  • Incorrect: "Spoken English is difficult." (While technically understandable, 'spoken' here implies the state, not the act.)
  • Better: "Speaking English is difficult." (If referring to the act of using the language). Or, "The spoken form of English..." (If referring to the characteristic of the language).

3. Overusing 'spoken' where a simpler adjective might suffice or a different verb form is more natural:

  • Awkward: "The words that were spoken were important."
  • Better: "The words said were important." or "What was said was important."

4. Misplacing 'spoken' when used as an adjective, especially with adverbs:

  • Awkward: "He has a spoken softly manner."
  • Correct: "He has a softly spoken manner." (The adverb modifies 'spoken', and together they describe 'manner'.)

Practice pronunciation with a native speaker

Find opportunities to practice speaking with a native English speaker. This will help you get comfortable with the rhythm and intonation of spoken English.

Record yourself speaking

Use your phone or computer to record yourself speaking. Listen back to identify areas where you can improve your pronunciation and fluency.

Listen actively to spoken English

Pay close attention to how native speakers use the word 'spoken' in different contexts. Watch movies, TV shows, and listen to podcasts to hear it in natural conversation.

Understand the difference between 'speak' and 'spoken'

Remember that 'speak' is the present tense verb, while 'spoken' is the past participle. Practice using both forms correctly in sentences.

Use 'spoken' as an adjective

Practice using 'spoken' to describe a language or a person's manner of talking, for example, 'spoken English' or 'her softly spoken words'.

Create example sentences

Write down ten sentences using 'spoken' in various ways. This helps solidify your understanding and ability to use it naturally.

Flashcards for forms

Create flashcards with 'speak' on one side and 'spoke' and 'spoken' on the other to help memorize the verb conjugations.

Read aloud

Read English texts, like articles or books, aloud. This helps you practice articulating words and getting used to the flow of spoken sentences.

Engage in discussions

Participate in English discussion groups or online forums to practice expressing your thoughts using spoken language.

Don't be afraid to make mistakes

Learning a new language involves making mistakes. Embrace them as part of the learning process and don't let them discourage your spoken practice.

실생활에서 연습하기

실제 사용 상황

When referring to a language or dialect, 'spoken' emphasizes its use in verbal communication.

  • Is Mandarin Chinese a spoken language in your country?
  • The spoken word often carries more weight than written text.
  • Her spoken English is quite fluent.

Describing how something is communicated or expressed.

  • The instructions were clearly spoken, so everyone understood.
  • He prefers spoken commands over typing.
  • The truth was finally spoken aloud.

When discussing the manner or style of someone's speech.

  • She has a very soft-spoken manner.
  • His quick-spoken delivery can be hard to follow sometimes.
  • A well-spoken individual often makes a good impression.

Referring to something that has been said or communicated orally.

  • Every word spoken in that meeting was recorded.
  • These are the unspoken rules of the community.
  • No harsh words were spoken between them.

In legal or formal contexts, contrasting spoken testimony with written evidence.

  • The judge considered both the written and spoken evidence.
  • Spoken agreements can sometimes be difficult to prove.
  • His spoken testimony corroborated the written statement.

대화 시작하기

"What is the most beautiful spoken language you've ever heard, and why?"

"Do you think spoken communication is becoming more or less important in our digital age?"

"What's a common phrase or idiom in your native language that doesn't translate well into spoken English?"

"Have you ever had a misunderstanding because of something unspoken, or something that was spoken ambiguously?"

"In what situations do you prefer spoken instructions over written ones, and vice versa?"

일기 주제

Reflect on a time when a few spoken words had a significant impact on you, either positively or negatively. Describe the situation and your feelings.

Consider the differences between written and spoken communication. Which do you find more challenging, and why? How do you try to improve in both areas?

Write about a person you know who is particularly well-spoken. What qualities make their speech effective or engaging?

Explore the concept of 'unspoken rules' in a social setting or within a family. How do these 'unspoken' understandings influence interactions?

Imagine you could only communicate through spoken words for a day. What challenges would you face, and what new insights might you gain about communication?

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

Well, as a past participle, 'spoken' is usually part of a verb phrase, like in 'The words were spoken clearly.' Here, it's about the action of speaking. As an adjective, it describes something, like 'His spoken English is excellent,' referring to his ability to speak.

Absolutely! You can say things like 'Spoken Mandarin' or 'the spoken word.' It emphasizes that you're talking about the language as it's used in conversation, rather than its written form.

It can be used in both! For example, 'The agreement was spoken aloud' is quite formal, while 'That's easily spoken' can be a more casual phrase. It really depends on the context of the sentence.

Certainly! A good example would be, 'The vows were spoken with great emotion.' Here, 'spoken' is the past participle of 'speak' and works with 'were' to form the passive voice.

Of course! You could say, 'He has a soft spoken manner,' meaning his way of talking is gentle. Or, 'This is a spoken agreement,' indicating it was made orally rather than in writing.

Yes, there are a few! For instance, 'actions speak louder than words' has a variant that uses 'spoken words.' Or, 'the spoken word' is a common phrase to refer to verbal communication.

That's a great question! 'Said' is the simple past tense of 'say' and is generally more common for reporting direct or indirect speech. 'Spoken' is the past participle of 'speak' and is often used with 'have' or 'be' to form perfect tenses or passive voice, or as an adjective. Think of 'He said hello' versus 'The words were spoken softly.'

Not necessarily! While you can talk about someone being 'soft-spoken,' which implies politeness, the word itself just refers to the act of speaking. You could also say 'harshly spoken words,' which wouldn't be polite at all.

That's an interesting thought! Typically, 'spoken' refers to human language or vocal communication. For animals, we might use terms like 'vocalizations' or 'calls' rather than 'spoken,' as 'spoken' generally implies language with words.

The word 'spoken' comes from the Old English 'sprecen,' which is the past participle of 'sprecan,' meaning 'to speak.' So, its roots are quite ancient and have always been connected to verbal communication!

셀프 테스트 84 질문

fill blank A1

The words were ___ clearly.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: spoken

We use 'spoken' as the past participle here, often with 'were' for passive voice.

fill blank A1

She has ___ English for many years.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: spoken

After 'has' (present perfect), we use the past participle 'spoken'.

fill blank A1

Is the language ___ at home?

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: spoken

Here, 'spoken' acts as an adjective describing the language that is used orally.

fill blank A1

His ___ words were kind.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: spoken

'Spoken' is used as an adjective before 'words' to describe what was said.

fill blank A1

The story was ___ by many people.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: spoken

In this passive sentence, 'spoken' is the past participle following 'was'.

fill blank A1

She had ___ to her friend already.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: spoken

After 'had' (past perfect), we use the past participle 'spoken'.

listening A1

Listen to a common greeting.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: Hello, how are you?
정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
listening A1

Listen to someone introduce themselves.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: My name is Tom.
정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
listening A1

Listen to someone talk about a favorite food.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: I like apples.
정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
speaking A1

Read this aloud:

What is your name?

Focus: name

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
speaking A1

Read this aloud:

I am fine, thank you.

Focus: fine, thank you

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
speaking A1

Read this aloud:

Where are you from?

Focus: from

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
writing A1

Write a sentence using the word 'spoken' to describe how a language is used.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Sample answer

English is a widely spoken language.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
writing A1

Complete the sentence: The teacher has _______ to all the students.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Sample answer

The teacher has spoken to all the students.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
writing A1

Write a short sentence about something you have spoken about recently.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Sample answer

I have spoken about my day.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
reading A1

What has the friend done today?

Read this passage:

My friend likes to talk. She has spoken to many people today. She likes to learn new things from conversations.

What has the friend done today?

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: She has spoken to many people.

The passage says, 'She has spoken to many people today.'

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: She has spoken to many people.

The passage says, 'She has spoken to many people today.'

reading A1

What kind of language is English in their class?

Read this passage:

In our class, we learn English. Our teacher says it is a spoken language. We practice speaking every day.

What kind of language is English in their class?

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: A spoken language.

The passage states, 'Our teacher says it is a spoken language.'

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: A spoken language.

The passage states, 'Our teacher says it is a spoken language.'

reading A1

What does the speaker mean by 'never spoken about it before'?

Read this passage:

I told my secret to my mom. I have never spoken about it before. It was good to share.

What does the speaker mean by 'never spoken about it before'?

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: They have never told anyone.

If you 'never spoken about it before', it means you kept it a secret until now.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: They have never told anyone.

If you 'never spoken about it before', it means you kept it a secret until now.

sentence order A1

아래 단어를 탭해서 문장을 만들어 보세요
정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: I have spoken to my friend.

This sentence uses 'spoken' as the past participle of 'speak' to indicate a completed action.

sentence order A1

아래 단어를 탭해서 문장을 만들어 보세요
정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: She has spoken many words.

Here, 'spoken' is used as the past participle in a sentence indicating something said.

sentence order A1

아래 단어를 탭해서 문장을 만들어 보세요
정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: The spoken language is English.

In this sentence, 'spoken' acts as an adjective describing the type of language.

multiple choice A2

Which sentence uses 'spoken' as a past participle?

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: The words were spoken clearly.

'Spoken' is the past participle here, forming part of a passive verb construction 'were spoken.'

multiple choice A2

Choose the sentence where 'spoken' is used as an adjective.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: My grandfather was a softly spoken man.

Here, 'spoken' describes the 'man,' indicating his manner of talking.

multiple choice A2

Which phrase correctly uses 'spoken' to describe a language?

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: a spoken language

'Spoken language' is the correct and common way to refer to a language used in conversation.

true false A2

The sentence 'The teacher has spoken to the students' uses 'spoken' as a past participle.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:

'Spoken' is the past participle of 'speak' and is used here to form the present perfect tense 'has spoken.'

true false A2

In 'Her spoken English is very good,' 'spoken' is a verb.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: 거짓

In this sentence, 'spoken' is an adjective describing the noun 'English.'

true false A2

You can use 'spoken' to describe a voice that is gentle.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:

We can say 'a softly spoken voice' to mean a gentle or quiet voice.

writing A2

Write a short sentence using 'spoken' to describe a language.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Sample answer

English is a widely spoken language.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
writing A2

Complete the sentence: 'The words were softly ____, almost a whisper.'

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Sample answer

The words were softly spoken, almost a whisper.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
writing A2

Describe a time when you spoke to someone. Use the word 'spoken' in your answer.

Well written! Good try! Check the sample answer below.

Sample answer

I have spoken to my friend about the party.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
reading A2

What does the passage say about French for Maria?

Read this passage:

Maria learned to speak French when she was a child. Now, she can have conversations with many people in France. French is her second spoken language.

What does the passage say about French for Maria?

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: It is her second spoken language.

The passage states, 'French is her second spoken language.'

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: It is her second spoken language.

The passage states, 'French is her second spoken language.'

reading A2

How did the teacher's 'spoken' words help the students?

Read this passage:

The teacher had a very clear way of speaking. Every word was clearly spoken, so all the students understood her lesson easily. Her students enjoyed her classes.

How did the teacher's 'spoken' words help the students?

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: They helped students understand the lesson.

The passage says, 'Every word was clearly spoken, so all the students understood her lesson easily.'

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: They helped students understand the lesson.

The passage says, 'Every word was clearly spoken, so all the students understood her lesson easily.'

reading A2

What does 'widely spoken' mean in this passage?

Read this passage:

In many countries, English is widely spoken. This means that a lot of people use it to talk to each other, even if it is not their first language. It helps people communicate when they travel.

What does 'widely spoken' mean in this passage?

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: Many people use it to communicate orally.

The passage explains that 'English is widely spoken' means 'a lot of people use it to talk to each other'.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: Many people use it to communicate orally.

The passage explains that 'English is widely spoken' means 'a lot of people use it to talk to each other'.

sentence order A2

아래 단어를 탭해서 문장을 만들어 보세요
정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: She has never spoken about it.

This sentence uses 'spoken' as the past participle of 'speak' in the present perfect tense.

sentence order A2

아래 단어를 탭해서 문장을 만들어 보세요
정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: English is widely spoken here.

In this sentence, 'spoken' acts as an adjective describing the language that is used in conversation.

sentence order A2

아래 단어를 탭해서 문장을 만들어 보세요
정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: His spoken words were very kind.

Here, 'spoken' is an adjective modifying 'words,' indicating that the words were delivered orally.

fill blank B2

The words she ___ at the ceremony deeply moved everyone present.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: spoken

In this context, 'spoken' is used as the past participle of 'speak' to describe the words that were uttered. The sentence implies that the words had already been uttered.

fill blank B2

His normally reserved demeanor gave way to a passionate and ___ plea for justice.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: spoken

'Spoken' here functions as an adjective modifying 'plea,' indicating that the plea was delivered orally.

fill blank B2

Despite the formal setting, her casual and easygoing manner of ___ immediately put everyone at ease.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: speaking

The phrase 'manner of speaking' refers to her way of talking, and 'speaking' is the correct gerund form.

fill blank B2

The newly discovered ancient language is only ___ by a handful of scholars.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: spoken

'Spoken' is used here in a passive construction ('is spoken by'), indicating that the language is used orally by scholars.

fill blank B2

After the long debate, many felt their concerns had not been adequately ___.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: spoken

'Spoken' is the past participle, correctly completing the passive voice construction 'had not been adequately spoken,' meaning their concerns were not voiced.

fill blank B2

He developed a reputation for his clear and precise ___ English.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: spoken

'Spoken' functions as an adjective here, describing the form of English that is communicated orally.

multiple choice B2

Choose the sentence where 'spoken' is used as an adjective:

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: She has a softly spoken manner that is very calming.

In this sentence, 'spoken' describes the 'manner' (a noun), indicating its function as an adjective. In the other options, 'spoken' is part of a verb phrase.

multiple choice B2

Which sentence correctly uses 'spoken' as the past participle of 'speak'?

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: The language spoken in this region is quite unique.

Here, 'spoken' functions as part of a reduced relative clause ('the language that is spoken'), indicating an action performed on the language. The other options use 'spoken' as an adjective.

multiple choice B2

Select the option that best completes the sentence: 'Despite her shyness, her opinions were always clearly _________.'

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: spoken

The sentence requires the past participle form 'spoken' to complete the passive voice structure 'were always clearly spoken.'

true false B2

In the sentence 'The spoken word carries more weight than written text for some cultures,' 'spoken' acts as an adjective.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:

Yes, 'spoken' modifies 'word,' describing its characteristic, thus functioning as an adjective.

true false B2

The phrase 'She had never spoken to him before' uses 'spoken' as an adjective.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: 거짓

No, 'spoken' in this context is the past participle of the verb 'speak,' forming part of the past perfect tense 'had spoken.'

true false B2

If someone has a 'softly spoken' voice, it means their voice is gentle and quiet.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:

Yes, 'softly spoken' describes a manner of speaking that is gentle and quiet, where 'spoken' is an adjective.

sentence order B2

아래 단어를 탭해서 문장을 만들어 보세요
정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: She has clearly spoken about her concerns.

This sentence correctly orders the words to form a coherent statement about someone expressing their concerns.

sentence order B2

아래 단어를 탭해서 문장을 만들어 보세요
정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: I have never heard such eloquently spoken words before.

The correct order emphasizes the rare quality of the words heard.

sentence order B2

아래 단어를 탭해서 문장을 만들어 보세요
정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: Misunderstandings often result from words being spoken carelessly.

This sentence structure correctly attributes misunderstandings to careless speech.

fill blank C1

The ambassador's carefully ___ words managed to de-escalate the tense international situation.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: spoken

While 'said,' 'uttered,' and 'expressed' are synonyms, 'spoken' fits best here to convey the deliberate and formal nature of the ambassador's communication in a diplomatic context.

fill blank C1

Despite years of living abroad, her native language was still ___ with an unmistakable regional accent.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: spoken

'Spoken' is the most natural fit here to describe the overall manner in which a language is used or delivered by someone.

fill blank C1

The contract, though extensive, was largely based on previously ___ agreements between the two parties.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: spoken

'Spoken' emphasizes that the agreements were made orally, rather than in writing, which is a key aspect of its meaning as a past participle.

fill blank C1

His polite and gentle ___ demeanor often put new clients at ease immediately.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: spoken

As an adjective, 'spoken' here refers to his manner of speaking, specifically highlighting the quality of his oral communication.

fill blank C1

The ancient dialect, once widely ___, is now only understood by a handful of scholars.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: spoken

'Spoken' is the most appropriate choice to describe a language that was commonly used in conversation by a large group of people.

fill blank C1

Her confidence was evident in her clear and well-___ presentation to the board members.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: spoken

In this context, 'well-spoken' functions as an adjective phrase describing the quality and clarity of her oral delivery.

multiple choice C1

The CEO's ______ remarks at the conference sparked a heated debate among the attendees, highlighting the contentious nature of the proposed merger.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: spoken

The word 'spoken' accurately completes the sentence, indicating that the CEO's remarks were delivered orally, which is consistent with sparking a debate at a conference.

multiple choice C1

Despite the intricate details of the legislation, the ambassador ensured that the key points were clearly ______ during the press briefing, leaving no room for misinterpretation.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: spoken

'Spoken' is the best fit as it implies clear oral communication, which is crucial for a press briefing about complex legislation.

multiple choice C1

Her ______ English, acquired through years of immersion, allowed her to effortlessly navigate complex academic discussions and present her research with remarkable clarity.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: spoken

'Spoken' describes the facility with the oral form of the language, which is essential for engaging in academic discussions and presentations.

true false C1

The phrase 'a spoken agreement' implies a formal, legally binding document that has been signed by all parties.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: 거짓

A 'spoken agreement' is typically an informal agreement made verbally, not a formal, legally binding written document.

true false C1

In a formal debate, it is generally preferred to use spoken arguments rather than written statements for immediate interaction.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:

Debates inherently involve oral arguments and immediate interaction, making spoken communication the primary mode.

true false C1

A language that is only spoken and has no written form is considered a less developed language.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: 거짓

The presence or absence of a written form does not determine a language's level of development; many rich and complex languages have historically been primarily or exclusively spoken.

multiple choice C2

The ambassador's perfectly ___ French belied her provincial upbringing.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: spoken

In this context, 'spoken' functions as an adjective describing the quality of her French, implying fluency and refinement. 'Said,' 'uttered,' and 'vocalized' are typically verbs or past participles used differently.

multiple choice C2

Despite the written contract, the legal team emphasized the importance of the ___ agreements made during negotiations.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: spoken

'Spoken agreements' is the most idiomatic and precise phrase to refer to agreements made orally, distinguishing them from written ones. The other options don't convey the same nuance in this legal context.

multiple choice C2

The nuances of the ancient dialect are best understood when ___ by a native speaker, rather than merely read.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: spoken

Here, 'spoken' refers to the act of uttering the words of the dialect, emphasizing the oral aspect that reveals its nuances. The other words are more general and don't specifically highlight the oral delivery.

true false C2

The phrase 'her spoken English is impeccable' implies that her written English might not be as good.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:

Using 'spoken' specifically often draws a distinction, suggesting a contrast with another form of communication, such as written communication. Therefore, it's plausible her written English could be less impressive.

true false C2

When referring to a language, 'spoken' always means it is exclusively used for informal communication.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: 거짓

'Spoken' simply indicates oral communication, which can occur in both formal and informal settings. For example, formal speeches are 'spoken'.

true false C2

The word 'spoken' can be used as an adjective to describe the manner or style of a person's speech.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:

Yes, 'spoken' can describe the manner, as in 'her softly spoken words' or 'his measured spoken delivery,' referring to the way something is said.

listening C2

Focus on the nuance of 'spoken of' in a formal context.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: The impromptu speech, though entirely extemporaneous, was delivered with a clarity and eloquence rarely spoken of in contemporary political discourse.
정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
listening C2

Pay attention to how 'carefully spoken' conveys meaning beyond the literal words.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: Her carefully spoken words, laden with subtext and veiled implications, left no doubt as to the gravity of the situation, even for those uninitiated in diplomatic parlance.
정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
listening C2

Consider the contrast between 'unsaid' and 'openly spoken'.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답: Despite the prevailing sentiment that some truths are better left unsaid, he firmly believed that all grievances, no matter how contentious, should be openly spoken.
정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
speaking C2

Read this aloud:

The sagacious elder's advice, once spoken, resonated deeply within the hearts of the assembly, guiding their deliberations towards a judicious resolution.

Focus: sagacious, resonated, judicious resolution

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
speaking C2

Read this aloud:

In the annals of history, tales are often spoken of legendary figures whose deeds transcended the mundane, leaving an indelible mark on the collective consciousness.

Focus: annals, transcended, indelible, consciousness

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
speaking C2

Read this aloud:

It has been frequently spoken that true leadership is not about wielding power, but about inspiring others to achieve their utmost potential.

Focus: frequently, wielding, inspiring, utmost potential

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:

/ 84 correct

Perfect score!

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