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B1 adjective 11분 분량

avinagrado

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁 avinagrado 30초 만에

설명 avinagrado in your Level:

At the A1 level, you should know that 'avinagrado' comes from the word 'vinagre' (vinegar). Vinegar is sour. So, 'avinagrado' means something tastes or smells like vinegar. You might use it to talk about food that has gone bad. For example, if you drink juice and it tastes very sour and strange, you can say it is 'avinagrado'. At this stage, just focus on the physical taste. Remember that it ends in -o for masculine things (el vino avinagrado) and -a for feminine things (la ensalada avinagrada). It is a useful word for the kitchen and for shopping at the market. If you see a bottle of wine that has been open for a month, it is definitely 'avinagrado'. Don't worry about using it for people yet; just focus on the flavor of vinegar. You can think of it as a special type of 'bad' (malo) for food. If food is 'malo' because it is sour like vinegar, it is 'avinagrado'. This helps you be more specific than just saying 'no me gusta' (I don't like it). It tells the other person WHY you don't like it. It's a great 'building block' word because it shows how Spanish creates new words by adding 'a-' and '-ado' to a noun like 'vinagre'.

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At the A2 level, you can start to use 'avinagrado' more confidently in the kitchen and in simple descriptions of people. You already know it means 'tasting like vinegar'. Now, you can use it to describe wine that has turned sour. This is a very common situation in restaurants. You can also start to use it to describe a person's face. If someone looks very grumpy or unhappy, you can say they have a 'gesto avinagrado' (a vinegary expression). Imagine someone who just sucked on a lemon or smelled something bad—that is the face! You should also learn the plural forms: 'avinagrados' and 'avinagradas'. If you have two bottles of bad wine, they are 'vinos avinagrados'. At this level, you should also notice the difference between 'avinagrado' and 'agrio' (sour). Use 'agrio' for fruit like lemons, and 'avinagrado' for things that are fermented. It's also important to use the verb 'estar' with 'avinagrado' when talking about food, because it's a state that happened over time. For example, 'El vino está avinagrado'. This shows that the wine changed from good to bad. Using 'estar' helps you sound more natural to native speakers.

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At the B1 level, you are expected to use 'avinagrado' in its metaphorical sense. This is where the word becomes really interesting. It's not just about wine anymore; it's about personality. A person with a 'carácter avinagrado' is someone who is consistently irritable, sour, and difficult to deal with. You might describe a strict teacher or a grumpy neighbor this way. You should also be able to use it in more complex sentences with connectors. For example: 'Aunque es un buen profesional, su trato avinagrado aleja a los clientes' (Although he is a good professional, his sour treatment pushes customers away). At this level, you should also be aware of the word's etymology—how the prefix 'a-' and the suffix '-ado' transform the noun 'vinagre' into an adjective. This is a common pattern in Spanish (like 'anaranjado' from 'naranja'). You can also use it to describe smells in a more nuanced way. Instead of just saying a room smells 'mal', you can say it has an 'olor avinagrado', which gives a much clearer picture of what the problem is. This level of detail is what helps you move from intermediate to advanced Spanish. You are starting to describe not just what things are, but how they feel and what 'vibe' they give off.

At the B2 level, you should be using 'avinagrado' with precision in both formal and informal contexts. You should understand that it carries a slightly more sophisticated tone than simply saying 'malhumorado' (bad-tempered). It implies a specific type of bitterness that has 'fermented' over time. You can use it to describe literary characters or to analyze social situations. For example, you might talk about the 'tono avinagrado' of a political debate or a 'crítica avinagrada' in a newspaper. At this level, you should also be able to distinguish it from similar words like 'acre', 'mordaz', or 'adusto'. While 'mordaz' means biting or caustic in a clever way, 'avinagrado' is more about a general sourness of disposition. You should also be comfortable using it in the passive sense or as a result of a process: 'El ambiente se ha avinagrado tras la discusión' (The atmosphere has turned sour after the argument). This demonstrates your ability to use the word dynamically. You can also use it to describe aesthetic things, like a color that looks 'off' or 'sour'. Your ability to use 'avinagrado' to describe the 'flavor' of an abstract concept like 'atmosphere' or 'relationship' shows a high level of linguistic maturity.

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At the C1 level, 'avinagrado' becomes a tool for subtle characterization and stylistic flair. You should be able to use it in creative writing or high-level academic discussions about literature and culture. You can explore the nuances of 'gesto avinagrado' versus 'semblante adusto', understanding that the former suggests a more reactive, irritable nature. You might use the word to describe the 'decline' of a society or a movement, where things have 'turned' like old wine. For instance, 'La utopía inicial se tornó en una realidad avinagrada y burocrática' (The initial utopia turned into a sour and bureaucratic reality). You should also be aware of regional nuances, though the word is generally standard. At this level, you can also use the verb form 'avinagrar' or the reflexive 'avinagrarse' (to turn sour) to describe processes of change. 'Su carácter se avinagró con los años' (His character soured with the years). This shows you understand the verbal root of the adjective. You can also pair it with rare nouns to create vivid metaphors, such as 'una alegría avinagrada' (a sour joy), implying a happiness that is tainted by bitterness. Your use of 'avinagrado' at this level should feel effortless and deeply integrated into your overall command of Spanish nuances.

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At the C2 level, you have a total mastery of 'avinagrado' and can use it to evoke specific emotional and sensory responses in your audience. You understand its place in the long history of the Spanish language and how it has been used by masters of prose to describe the human condition. You can use it in highly formal speeches, poetic contexts, or sharp satirical writing. You might use it to describe the 'aftertaste' of a failed historical era or the 'acidic' quality of a specific philosophical outlook. For example, 'La prosa de este autor posee un regusto avinagrado que disecciona la hipocresía social con la precisión de un escalpelo' (This author's prose has a sour aftertaste that dissects social hypocrisy with the precision of a scalpel). You are also capable of using it in wordplay or complex puns. You understand that 'avinagrado' is not just a word, but a sensory metaphor that connects the physical experience of taste to the deepest parts of the human psyche. You can discuss the chemical process of acetification as a metaphor for social decay. Your command of the word is such that you can use it to create atmosphere in a story, using the 'olor avinagrado' of a setting to signal the 'sour' nature of the events about to unfold. At this level, 'avinagrado' is part of a vast, interconnected web of vocabulary that you navigate with complete precision and creativity.

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연습하기 예시 노트와 팁

avinagrado 30초 만에

Sour like vinegar (smell/taste).
Describes grumpy or bitter people.
Used for spoiled wine or cider.
Agree in gender and number (o/a/os/as).

The Spanish adjective avinagrado is a rich, sensory word that bridges the gap between the culinary world and human psychology. At its most literal level, it describes something that has acquired the taste, smell, or qualities of vinegar (vinagre). This typically happens through a process of fermentation or spoilage, such as when a bottle of wine is left open too long and begins to turn acidic. However, its usage extends far beyond the kitchen. In a metaphorical sense, it is frequently used to describe a person's temperament or facial expression. Just as vinegar sets the teeth on edge with its sharp, biting acidity, an avinagrado individual is someone whose character has become sour, bitter, or perpetually grumpy. This transition from a physical sensation to a personality trait is a common feature in Spanish, where the flavors of food often mirror the 'flavors' of human emotion. When you use this word, you are evoking a very specific type of unpleasantness—one that is sharp, lingering, and often the result of something that was once 'sweet' or 'neutral' turning bad over time.

Literal Application: Used primarily for liquids like wine, cider, or juices that have fermented into acetic acid. It can also describe food that has been over-marinated or has spoiled in a way that mimics vinegar.

Figurative Application: Describes a 'sourpuss' or someone with a 'vinegary' disposition. It suggests a person who is constantly dissatisfied, irritable, and lacks sweetness in their social interactions.

El vino tinto que nos sirvieron estaba totalmente avinagrado.

No me gusta hablar con el vecino porque siempre tiene un gesto avinagrado.

In social contexts, calling someone avinagrado is stronger than calling them serio (serious). It implies a level of bitterness that affects the atmosphere around them. Historically, the word carries the weight of the fermentation process—just as wine needs time to turn into vinegar, an avinagrado person is often seen as someone who has become bitter through years of life experience or disappointment. This makes it a powerful descriptive tool in literature and daily conversation alike. Whether you are complaining about a ruined dinner or a difficult boss, this word provides the perfect acidic touch to your description. It is important to note that while ácido (acidic) and agrio (sour) are related, avinagrado specifically points to the distinct profile of vinegar. This nuance allows for precise communication in both culinary and social spheres.

La leche no está exactamente cortada, pero tiene un olor avinagrado.

Desde que perdió su empleo, mantiene un carácter avinagrado con todo el mundo.

Ese tono avinagrado en su voz delata su resentimiento.

Synonym Alert: While 'agrio' means sour, 'avinagrado' is more specific to the fermented, pungent quality of vinegar. Use 'agrio' for lemons, but 'avinagrado' for old wine.

Using avinagrado correctly requires understanding its role as an adjective that must agree in gender and number with the noun it modifies. For instance, if you are talking about a group of people, you would use avinagrados or avinagradas. The word is most frequently paired with verbs like estar, parecer, or tener (especially when describing carácter or gesto). When describing food, we usually use estar because it refers to a state or condition (often a temporary or resultant one, like wine that has gone bad). For example, 'El vino está avinagrado' implies it wasn't always that way. When describing a person's permanent personality, ser can be used, but tener un carácter avinagrado is a more common and idiomatic construction.

The 'Gesto' Connection: One of the most common pairings for this word is with 'gesto' (expression/gesture). An 'avinagrado' expression is that pinched, sour look someone makes when they are smelling something foul or are deeply annoyed.

La ensalada quedó demasiado avinagrada porque se me pasó la mano con el aliño.

A pesar de su éxito, siempre responde con un comentario avinagrado.

Esas manzanas tienen un gusto avinagrado que no me gusta nada.

In complex sentences, you can use it to create contrast. 'Aunque el postre era dulce, el ambiente en la mesa era avinagrado' (Even though the dessert was sweet, the atmosphere at the table was sour). This highlights the metaphorical flexibility of the word. It is also useful in professional settings to describe a negative workplace culture or a specific individual's difficult attitude without using more vulgar terms. It sounds somewhat sophisticated and precise.

Agreement Rules: Masculine Singular: avinagrado | Feminine Singular: avinagrada | Masculine Plural: avinagrados | Feminine Plural: avinagradas.

Las críticas avinagradas del periodista arruinaron el estreno de la obra.

No pongas esa cara avinagrada, ¡estamos de vacaciones!

By mastering this word, you can add a layer of sensory detail to your Spanish that goes beyond basic adjectives like 'malo' or 'triste'. It allows you to describe the specific 'flavor' of a bad situation or a difficult person with the precision of a native speaker. Whether in a restaurant or a heated argument, avinagrado is a tool for expressing sharp dissatisfaction.

In the daily life of a Spanish speaker, avinagrado pops up in several distinct environments. First and foremost is the world of gastronomy. In Spain and Latin America, where wine culture is significant, you will hear this word in restaurants, bars, and family dinners. If a bottle has been open too long, the waiter might apologize for the vino avinagrado. Similarly, in traditional markets, people might use it to describe certain preserves or pickles that have become too pungent. Beyond the kitchen, you will hear it in social commentary. Spanish culture often values warmth and gregariousness, so someone who is habitually cold or grumpy stands out. Friends might gossip about a jefe avinagrado (a sour boss) or a tía avinagrada (a bitter aunt).

Literature and Media: In classic Spanish literature, authors like Pérez Galdós or even contemporary novelists use 'avinagrado' to paint a vivid picture of a character's misery. It is a favorite word for describing the 'antagonist' who is not necessarily evil, but just deeply unpleasant.

El crítico de cine es famoso por su estilo avinagrado y sus reseñas mordaces.

Cuidado con esa sidra, me parece que está un poco avinagrada.

La abuela siempre decía que la mala vida te deja el corazón avinagrado.

In television dramas or 'telenovelas', the 'avinagrado' character is often the one who provides comic relief through their constant complaining or the one who serves as a foil to the cheerful protagonist. You might also hear it in news reports or op-eds when a journalist is describing a particularly 'sour' political climate or a speech that was full of vitriol. The word carries a sense of permanence—once wine is avinagrado, it can't go back to being wine. Similarly, when applied to a person, it suggests a deep-seated bitterness that is hard to wash away.

Everyday Conversation: '¡Qué tipo tan avinagrado!' is a common exclamation when someone is being unnecessarily rude or difficult in a public place like a queue or on public transport.

No entiendo por qué siempre tiene que estar tan avinagrado si hoy hace un día precioso.

El olor avinagrado de la vieja bodega nos hizo retroceder.

Whether you're navigating a wine list in Madrid or trying to understand the mood of a conversation in Mexico City, recognizing this word will help you tune into the 'acidic' side of Spanish life.

One of the most frequent errors English speakers make when using avinagrado is over-generalizing the concept of 'sour'. In English, 'sour' covers lemons, spoiled milk, and grumpy people. In Spanish, we have a more specialized vocabulary. Using avinagrado for a lemon is a mistake; you should use ácido or agrio. Avinagrado specifically refers to the smell or taste of vinegar. Another common mistake is confusing it with amargado. While both can describe an unhappy person, amargado implies a deeper sense of resentment or having 'given up' on life, whereas avinagrado focuses more on the external irritability and the 'sharpness' of their behavior.

Mistake 1: Misapplying to Citrus: Incorrect: 'Este limón está avinagrado.' | Correct: 'Este limón está muy ácido/agrio.' Limons don't taste like vinegar.

Mistake 2: Gender/Number Agreement: Students often forget to change the ending for plural nouns. 'Ellos son avinagrado' is wrong. It must be 'Ellos son avinagrados'.

Incorrecto: Las uvas estaban avinagrado. (Wrong gender/number agreement).

Correcto: Las uvas estaban avinagradas.

Another mistake is using it for 'bitter' tastes like coffee or dark chocolate. For those, the word is amargo. If you say your coffee is avinagrado, you are telling the barista that it tastes specifically like vinegar, which would imply a very strange fermentation error, not just a strong brew. Finally, be careful with the intensity. Calling someone avinagrado is quite descriptive and can be taken as a personal attack on their character. If you just mean they are in a bad mood right now, use está de mal humor.

Mistake 3: Confusing with 'Amargo': Coffee is 'amargo' (bitter). If your coffee is 'avinagrado', something has gone horribly wrong with the beans or the water.

Incorrecto: No me gusta el chocolate negro porque es avinagrado.

Correcto: No me gusta el chocolate negro porque es amargo.

By keeping these distinctions in mind, you'll avoid the 'flavor' confusion that often trips up intermediate learners. Precision in sensory adjectives is a hallmark of advanced Spanish proficiency.

To truly master avinagrado, it's helpful to compare it with its linguistic neighbors. Spanish has a rich palette for describing unpleasant tastes and moods. Agrio is the most common alternative for 'sour'. It is used for anything that has a sharp, acidic taste, especially fruits. Ácido is more technical but also common in daily speech for things that are highly acidic. Amargado is the primary alternative when describing people; it suggests a person who is bitter because of life's hardships. Áspero means 'rough' or 'harsh' and can describe a voice or a personality that lacks smoothness.

Avinagrado vs. Agrio: 'Agrio' is the general term for sourness (like a lemon). 'Avinagrado' is a specific type of sourness that comes from fermentation (like old wine).

Avinagrado vs. Amargado: 'Amargado' is deeper; it's an existential bitterness. 'Avinagrado' is more about the immediate 'sharp' and 'irritable' expression or reaction.

El yogur está agrio porque ha caducado, pero el vino está avinagrado.

Es un hombre amargado por el pasado, con un trato avinagrado hacia sus nietos.

Another interesting word is acre, which describes a pungent, biting smell or taste, often used for smoke or chemicals. Adusto is a more formal way to say someone is stern or gloomy. Using these words correctly shows that you understand the nuances of the Spanish language. For example, you might describe a politician's speech as mordaz (biting), his face as avinagrada (sour), and his overall outlook on the country as amargado (bitter). This level of detail makes your Spanish much more expressive and accurate.

Avinagrado vs. Adusto: 'Adusto' implies a serious, austere, and somewhat dry personality. 'Avinagrado' implies a more active, irritable sourness.

El profesor tiene un carácter adusto, pero no es avinagrado; es justo con sus alumnos.

El humo de la fábrica tenía un olor acre que se sentía en toda la ciudad.

By expanding your vocabulary with these synonyms, you can tailor your descriptions to perfectly match the situation you are describing.

How Formal Is It?

재미있는 사실

The word 'vinegar' in English and 'vinagre' in Spanish share the exact same root: 'sour wine'. It's one of the most literal words in the culinary world!

발음 가이드

UK /a.βi.na.ˈɣɾa.ðo/

US /a.βi.na.ˈɣɾa.ðo/

The stress is on the penultimate syllable: a-vi-na-GRA-do.

라임이 맞는 단어

cansado dorado pesado enojado pintado estresado complicado separado

자주 하는 실수

Pronouncing the 'v' like an English 'v' (it should be a soft 'b').
Making the 'd' too hard at the end.
Forgetting to change the ending to 'a' for feminine nouns.

난이도

독해 3/5

Easy to recognize if you know 'vinagre'.

쓰기 4/5

Requires remembering the 'a-' prefix and gender agreement.

말하기 5/5

Native-like use in metaphorical contexts is a bit harder.

듣기 3/5

Clearly pronounced, but can be confused with 'agrio' in fast speech.

다음에 무엇을 배울까

선수 학습

vinagre vino malo carácter gusto

다음에 배울 것

amargado adusto mordaz fermentación ácido

고급

acetificación acre áspero desabrido insípido

알아야 할 문법

Adjective Agreement

La cara (f) avinagrada (f) / El vino (m) avinagrado (m).

Estar vs Ser

Él es avinagrado (personality) vs Él está avinagrado (today/mood).

Prefix 'a-' and Suffix '-ado'

Vinagre -> a + vinagr + ado (Common word formation).

Placement of Adjectives

Un gesto avinagrado (Usually after the noun).

Reflexive change of state

El vino se avinagró (It turned sour).

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수준별 예문

El vino está avinagrado.

The wine is sour (like vinegar).

Uses 'estar' to describe a state.

Esta ensalada está muy avinagrada.

This salad is very vinegary.

Feminine singular agreement.

No me gusta el sabor avinagrado.

I don't like the vinegary taste.

Adjective following a noun.

¿El jugo está avinagrado?

Is the juice sour/fermented?

Question form.

Los vinos viejos están avinagrados.

The old wines are sour.

Masculine plural agreement.

La sopa tiene un olor avinagrado.

The soup has a vinegary smell.

Used with the noun 'olor'.

¿Por qué está avinagrada la leche?

Why is the milk sour?

Interrogative sentence.

Ese tomate parece avinagrado.

That tomato seems sour/spoiled.

Used with the verb 'parecer'.

El camarero cambió el vino avinagrado.

The waiter changed the sour wine.

Adjective modifying 'vino'.

No pongas esa cara avinagrada.

Don't make that sour face.

Common idiomatic use with 'cara'.

Las manzanas están un poco avinagradas.

The apples are a bit sour/fermented.

Feminine plural agreement.

Prefiero el vino dulce al avinagrado.

I prefer sweet wine to sour wine.

Contrast between adjectives.

Tuve un encuentro avinagrado con el jefe.

I had a sour encounter with the boss.

Metaphorical use for an interaction.

La salsa quedó avinagrada por el exceso de limón.

The sauce turned out vinegary due to too much lemon. (Note: though 'agrio' is better for lemon, 'avinagrada' emphasizes the sharp vinegar-like result).

Resultative use with 'quedar'.

Esa sidra tiene un toque avinagrado.

That cider has a vinegary touch.

'Toque' (touch/hint) is a common collocation.

Sus palabras fueron avinagradas y crueles.

His words were sour and cruel.

Plural agreement with 'palabras'.

El vecino siempre nos saluda con un gesto avinagrado.

The neighbor always greets us with a sour gesture/expression.

Describes a habitual expression.

Evita tener un carácter avinagrado en el trabajo.

Avoid having a sour disposition at work.

'Carácter' is a frequent noun for this adjective.

La crítica avinagrada del periodista molestó al actor.

The journalist's sour criticism bothered the actor.

Describes the quality of a critique.

Si dejas la botella abierta, el vino se pondrá avinagrado.

If you leave the bottle open, the wine will turn sour.

Future tense with 'ponerse' (change of state).

Me dio una respuesta avinagrada cuando le pedí ayuda.

He gave me a sour response when I asked for help.

Feminine singular agreement with 'respuesta'.

El ambiente en la reunión era bastante avinagrado.

The atmosphere at the meeting was quite sour.

Describes the 'vibe' of a place.

No seas tan avinagrado, ¡disfruta de la fiesta!

Don't be so sour, enjoy the party!

Imperative 'no seas' (don't be).

Ese tono avinagrado no te queda bien.

That sour tone doesn't suit you.

Used with 'tono' (tone).

La relación entre ellos se ha vuelto avinagrada con el tiempo.

The relationship between them has become sour over time.

'Volverse' indicates a permanent or deep change.

Su humor avinagrado es difícil de soportar a veces.

His sour humor is hard to bear sometimes.

Noun phrase 'humor avinagrado'.

Tras la derrota, el entrenador dio una rueda de prensa avinagrada.

After the defeat, the coach gave a sour press conference.

Describes the mood of an event.

Las uvas, ya algo avinagradas, no servían para el postre.

The grapes, already somewhat vinegary, were no good for the dessert.

Appositive adjective phrase.

El libro retrata a una sociedad avinagrada por la guerra.

The book portrays a society soured by war.

Passive construction 'avinagrada por'.

No me gusta su estilo de escritura tan avinagrado.

I don't like his very sour writing style.

Describes an abstract 'style'.

Sus comentarios siempre tienen un regusto avinagrado.

His comments always have a sour aftertaste.

'Regusto' (aftertaste) is a sophisticated collocation.

La discusión dejó un sabor avinagrado en el grupo.

The discussion left a sour taste in the group.

Metaphorical use of 'sabor'.

La prosa del autor exhala un aroma avinagrado de resentimiento.

The author's prose exhales a sour aroma of resentment.

High-level literary metaphor.

Se percibía un aire avinagrado en sus gestos más sutiles.

A sour air was perceived in his most subtle gestures.

Nuanced description of behavior.

La burocracia ha avinagrado el espíritu de los ciudadanos.

Bureaucracy has soured the spirit of the citizens.

Verb form 'avinagrar' used figuratively.

Su mirada avinagrada diseccionaba a los presentes sin piedad.

His sour gaze dissected those present without mercy.

Strong imagery with 'mirada'.

Es una obra maestra del cinismo más avinagrado.

It is a masterpiece of the sourest cynicism.

Superlative sense of 'cynicism'.

La herencia resultó ser una disputa avinagrada y eterna.

The inheritance turned out to be a sour and eternal dispute.

Describes a complex legal situation.

Su vejez no fue dulce, sino más bien avinagrada y solitaria.

His old age was not sweet, but rather sour and lonely.

Contrast between 'dulce' and 'avinagrada'.

El discurso, de tintes avinagrados, no convenció a nadie.

The speech, with sour tints/overtones, convinced no one.

'De tintes' (with overtones) is a formal structure.

El devenir de los acontecimientos ha avinagrado las esperanzas de paz.

The course of events has soured the hopes for peace.

Highly abstract and formal usage.

Su retórica avinagrada es el epítome de la decadencia intelectual.

His sour rhetoric is the epitome of intellectual decadence.

Uses academic terms like 'retórica' and 'epítome'.

La película es una oda al carácter avinagrado de la posguerra.

The film is an ode to the sour character of the post-war period.

Describes a historical/cultural mood.

Aquel vino, otrora glorioso, yacía avinagrado en el fondo de la cava.

That wine, once glorious, lay sour at the bottom of the cellar.

Uses archaic/literary 'otrora' and 'yacía'.

La crítica social se torna avinagrada cuando pierde su propósito constructivo.

Social criticism becomes sour when it loses its constructive purpose.

Philosophical observation.

No hay nada más patético que un idealista avinagrado por el cinismo.

There is nothing more pathetic than an idealist soured by cynicism.

Complex psychological profile.

Su pluma, avinagrada y mordaz, no dejó títere con cabeza.

His pen, sour and biting, left no stone unturned (idiom).

Metonymy ('pluma' for the writer) and idiom.

La estancia conservaba ese hálito avinagrado de las casas deshabitadas.

The room preserved that sour breath/aura of uninhabited houses.

Uses poetic 'hálito' (breath/aura).

자주 쓰는 조합

vino avinagrado

gesto avinagrado

carácter avinagrado

olor avinagrado

sabor avinagrado

cara avinagrada

crítica avinagrada

tono avinagrado

sidra avinagrada

humor avinagrado

자주 쓰는 구문

estar avinagrado

— To currently be sour or in a sour mood.

El jefe está avinagrado hoy.

quedarse avinagrado

— To turn sour as a result of something.

El vino se quedó avinagrado al sol.

tener un aire avinagrado

— To have a sour appearance or vibe.

Ese edificio tiene un aire avinagrado.

responder de forma avinagrada

— To answer in a sharp, irritable way.

Me respondió de forma avinagrada.

un toque avinagrado

— A slight vinegary hint.

La sopa tiene un toque avinagrado.

mirada avinagrada

— A sour, judgmental look.

Me lanzó una mirada avinagrada.

sonrisa avinagrada

— A forced, bitter smile.

Me dio una sonrisa avinagrada.

trato avinagrado

— Sour or rude treatment of others.

Su trato avinagrado es famoso.

vejez avinagrada

— A bitter, unhappy old age.

No quiero tener una vejez avinagrada.

discusión avinagrada

— A bitter, sharp argument.

Tuvieron una discusión avinagrada.

자주 혼동되는 단어

avinagrado vs agrio

'Agrio' is general sourness (lemons); 'avinagrado' is specifically like vinegar.

avinagrado vs amargado

'Amargado' is bitter/resentful; 'avinagrado' is irritable/sour-faced.

avinagrado vs amargo

'Amargo' is bitter like coffee or cocoa, not sour like vinegar.

관용어 및 표현

"ser un vinagre"

— To be a very grumpy person (slang).

Mi abuelo es un vinagre.

informal

"tener mala uva"

— To have a bad temper (related to wine).

Ese hombre tiene muy mala uva.

informal

"estar de mala leche"

— To be in a very bad mood (spoiled milk).

Hoy estoy de mala leche.

slang

"poner cara de pocos amigos"

— To look very unfriendly (similar to gesto avinagrado).

Puso cara de pocos amigos al vernos.

neutral

"ser un amargado"

— To be a bitter person.

No seas un amargado.

neutral

"cortar la leche"

— To spoil things (like milk turning sour).

Su comentario cortó la leche de la fiesta.

informal

"tener el santo de espaldas"

— To be in a bad mood/unlucky (contextually similar).

Hoy tiene el santo de espaldas.

informal

"hacer de tripas corazón"

— To hide bitterness/sourness to keep going.

Tuvo que hacer de tripas corazón ante el jefe avinagrado.

neutral

"echar chispas"

— To be very angry (sharp like vinegar).

Está que echa chispas.

informal

"dar el cante"

— To stand out in a bad way (like a sour smell).

Ese vino avinagrado da el cante.

informal

혼동하기 쉬운

avinagrado vs ácido

Both describe low pH tastes.

'Ácido' is a broad category; 'avinagrado' is a specific flavor profile of fermented acid.

El limón es ácido, el vino viejo está avinagrado.

avinagrado vs fermentado

'Avinagrado' is a type of fermentation.

'Fermentado' can be good (beer, cheese); 'avinagrado' is almost always bad (spoiled).

Este queso está fermentado, pero este vino está avinagrado.

avinagrado vs adusto

Both describe unfriendly people.

'Adusto' is more about being serious and dry; 'avinagrado' is about being sour and irritable.

El juez era adusto pero no avinagrado.

avinagrado vs mordaz

Both describe sharp personalities.

'Mordaz' is about sharp, biting intelligence; 'avinagrado' is about a sour mood.

Su crítica fue mordaz y avinagrada.

avinagrado vs acre

Both describe sharp smells.

'Acre' is usually for smoke or chemicals; 'avinagrado' is for organic fermentation.

El humo es acre; el vino es avinagrado.

문장 패턴

El/La [Food] está avinagrado/a.

El jugo está avinagrado.

No me gusta el [Noun] avinagrado/a.

No me gusta el vino avinagrado.

Tiene un carácter [Adjective].

Tiene un carácter avinagrado.

No pongas esa cara [Adjective].

No pongas esa cara avinagrada.

El ambiente se ha vuelto [Adjective].

El ambiente se ha vuelto avinagrado.

Una respuesta de tintes [Adjective].

Una respuesta de tintes avinagrados.

[Noun] avinagrado/a por el [Noun].

Un hombre avinagrado por el tiempo.

Su [Abstract Noun] exhala un hálito [Adjective].

Su prosa exhala un hálito avinagrado.

어휘 가족

명사

vinagre (vinegar)

vinagrera (vinegar cruet)

avinagramiento (the process of turning sour)

동사

avinagrar (to make sour)

avinagrarse (to turn sour)

형용사

avinagrado (sour/vinegary)

vinagroso (vinegary - less common)

사용법

frequency

Common in culinary and descriptive contexts.

자주 하는 실수

Este limón está avinagrado. → Este limón está agrio.
Lemons don't taste like vinegar. Use 'agrio' for citrus.
Ellos son muy avinagrado. → Ellos son muy avinagrados.
Adjectives must agree in number with the subject.
El café está avinagrado. → El café está amargo.
Coffee is bitter ('amargo'), not vinegary, unless it's spoiled in a very specific way.
No me gusta su cara vinagre. → No me gusta su cara avinagrada.
'Vinagre' is the noun; 'avinagrada' is the adjective you need for 'face'.
La leche está avinagrado. → La leche está avinagrada.
'Leche' is feminine, so the adjective must end in '-a'.

팁

Wine Check

Always use 'avinagrado' when a bottle of wine tastes like it has turned into vinegar. It's the most precise word.

Agreement

Don't forget: 'vinos avinagrados' (m. pl.) and 'caras avinagradas' (f. pl.). Agreement is key!

Be Careful

Calling someone 'avinagrado' is a bit strong. Use it for people you know well or when talking about someone else.

Vinegar-Face

Picture a person's face shrinking like a raisin because they drank a whole bottle of vinegar. That's 'avinagrado'.

Literary Flair

Use 'avinagrado' in your writing to describe an atmosphere that has become tense or unpleasant.

The Smell Test

Use this word for smells that are sharp and sting the nose, like old pickles or fermenting fruit.

Versus Agrio

Remember: Lemons are 'agrios'. Wine gone bad is 'avinagrado'. Don't swap them!

Common Verb

Pair it with 'tener' to describe a personality: 'Tiene un carácter avinagrado'.

Listen for the 'G'

The 'g' in 'avinagrado' is very soft. It sounds almost like a breathy 'h' in some dialects.

Daily Practice

Next time you see someone grumpy, think to yourself: '¡Qué gesto tan avinagrado!'

암기하기

기억법

Think of 'A-Vina-Grado'. 'A' (at) + 'Vina' (vineyard) + 'Grado' (degree). If you leave a vineyard at a high 'grado' (temperature), the wine becomes 'avinagrado'!

시각적 연상

Imagine a grumpy person's face turning into a giant, sour purple grape that is starting to ferment and smell like vinegar.

Word Web

vinagre vino ácido agrio cara carácter gesto fermentar

챌린지

Try to describe three things in your house that could be 'avinagrado' (an old juice, a person in a bad mood, a bottle of wine) using full sentences.

어원

From the Spanish noun 'vinagre', which comes from the Old French 'vyn egre', based on Latin 'vinum' (wine) + 'acer' (sour).

원래 의미: Literally 'soured wine'.

Romance / Latin-based.

문화적 맥락

Be careful when calling people 'avinagrado' directly; it is more polite to say they are 'de mal humor' (in a bad mood) than to attack their character with 'avinagrado'.

English speakers often just say 'sour'. Using 'avinagrado' adds a specific 'vinegary' layer that English usually lacks in its adjectives.

'El vino avinagrado' is a common trope in Spanish picaresque novels to show poverty. The character of Bernarda Alba in Lorca's play could be described as having an 'alma avinagrada'.

실생활에서 연습하기

실제 사용 상황

In a restaurant

Este vino está avinagrado.
¿Puede cambiarme esta botella?
Tiene un sabor muy ácido, como avinagrado.

Describing a person

Tiene un carácter muy avinagrado.
No le hagas caso, hoy está avinagrado.
Siempre pone esa cara avinagrada.

At the market

¿Estas manzanas están pasadas?
Huelen un poco avinagradas.
No quiero fruta que esté avinagrada.

In literature

Un semblante avinagrado.
Palabras avinagradas por el tiempo.
Un alma avinagrada y oscura.

Cooking at home

La salsa se me ha avinagrado.
Le puse demasiado vinagre y quedó avinagrada.
Huele avinagrado en la nevera.

대화 시작하기

"¿Alguna vez te han servido un vino avinagrado en un restaurante?"

"¿Conoces a alguien que tenga un carácter avinagrado?"

"¿Qué haces cuando alguien te responde de forma avinagrada?"

"¿Te gusta el sabor avinagrado en las ensaladas o prefieres poco vinagre?"

"¿Crees que el estrés puede volver avinagrada a una persona?"

일기 주제

Describe una comida que salió mal porque estaba avinagrada.

Escribe sobre un personaje de ficción que tenga un gesto avinagrado.

¿Cómo reaccionas cuando el ambiente en una reunión se vuelve avinagrado?

Reflexiona sobre la diferencia entre ser una persona seria y ser una persona avinagrada.

Imagina que eres un crítico de cocina y describe un plato desastroso usando la palabra 'avinagrado'.

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

No, for a lemon you should use 'agrio' or 'ácido'. 'Avinagrado' specifically means it tastes or smells like vinegar.

Yes, in 99% of cases. It implies something has spoiled or that a person is unpleasant. Even in cooking, if a dish is 'avinagrado', it usually means there is too much vinegar.

'Ser avinagrado' refers to a permanent personality trait (he is a sour person). 'Estar avinagrado' refers to a temporary state or a food item that has turned sour (the wine is sour now).

You can say 'tener un gesto avinagrado' or 'tener cara avinagrada'.

Yes, it's a B1 level word, meaning it's very common in everyday conversation, especially when complaining about food or people.

Yes, 'un olor avinagrado' is a very common way to describe the smell of spoiled liquids or a dirty kitchen.

The verb is 'avinagrar' (to make sour) or 'avinagrarse' (to turn sour).

Yes, it is used throughout the Spanish-speaking world with the same meanings.

Usually, for milk we say 'cortada' (curdled) or 'agria' (sour), but 'avinagrada' can be used if it specifically smells like vinegar.

'Amargado' or 'malhumorado' are good alternatives, but 'avinagrado' is more descriptive of their face.

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