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A2 noun #6,000 가장 일반적인 13분 분량

colina

상위 6,000

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁 colina 30초 만에

설명 colina in your Level:

At the A1 level, 'colina' is a foundational vocabulary word used to describe the natural world. Learners at this stage should focus on the basic identification of the word and its gender. You will use it in simple sentences to describe what you see: 'La colina es verde' (The hill is green) or 'Veo una colina' (I see a hill). It is often introduced alongside other landscape words like 'árbol' (tree), 'flor' (flower), and 'río' (river). The goal is to distinguish it from 'montaña' (mountain), which is much larger. At this level, you don't need to worry about complex geological terms; just think of a colina as a 'small mountain' that is easy to draw or walk up. Practice using it with basic adjectives like 'grande' (big), 'pequeña' (small), 'bonita' (pretty), or colors. You might also learn it in the context of location: 'La casa está en la colina'. This helps you practice the preposition 'en' and the feminine article 'la'. It is a concrete noun, meaning you can point to it, which makes it easier to memorize. Try to visualize a gentle green slope when you say the word to cement the meaning in your mind. Remember, in Spanish, every noun has a gender, and 'colina' is always feminine, so the words around it must match. If you have many hills, they are 'las colinas'.

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As an A2 learner, you can begin to use 'colina' in more descriptive and functional ways. You might use it to talk about your weekend activities or travel experiences. For example, 'El sábado caminamos por la colina' (On Saturday we walked through the hill). You will start to pair it with more specific verbs like 'subir' (to climb/go up) and 'bajar' (to go down). This is also the stage where you learn to give basic directions or describe a place you visited: 'Mi pueblo tiene muchas colinas y es muy hermoso'. You should be aware of the difference between 'colina' and 'cerro', especially if you are interacting with people from Latin America, where 'cerro' is very common. You can also start using simple prepositional phrases like 'detrás de la colina' (behind the hill) or 'cerca de la colina' (near the hill). This helps you build more complex spatial descriptions. You might encounter the word in simple stories or reading passages about nature. When you describe a landscape, you can now add more detail: 'Es una colina muy empinada' (It is a very steep hill). The focus at A2 is moving from simple identification to using the word in the context of past and future actions, such as 'Mañana vamos a subir la colina para ver el atardecer'.

At the B1 level, you are expected to use 'colina' in more nuanced narratives and to express opinions or feelings about a landscape. You might use the word to describe the setting of a story or a personal memory with more emotional weight: 'Recuerdo las colinas de mi infancia, siempre cubiertas de flores silvestres'. You will also start to use the subjunctive mood with the word: 'Espero que la colina no sea demasiado difícil de subir'. You are now able to compare different geographical features using more sophisticated structures: 'Aunque no es tan alta como una montaña, esta colina ofrece una vista impresionante'. You will also encounter 'colina' in more varied texts, such as news reports or short literary pieces. You should be comfortable using it with a wider range of adjectives like 'arbolada' (wooded), 'despejada' (clear), or 'ondulada' (rolling). You might also learn common idiomatic expressions or more technical parts of the hill, like 'la ladera' (the hillside) or 'la cima' (the summit). At this stage, your vocabulary is expanding to include synonyms, and you can choose 'colina' over 'loma' or 'cerro' depending on the specific image you want to convey. You can also discuss environmental issues, such as 'la erosión en las colinas de la región', showing a transition from purely descriptive to more topical usage.

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At the B2 level, your use of 'colina' should be precise and integrated into complex sentence structures. You can use the word in professional or academic contexts, such as describing the topography of a region in a report or a presentation. You will understand and use more sophisticated collocations like 'colinas serpenteantes' (winding hills) or 'la falda de la colina' (the foot/slope of the hill). You can also handle more abstract uses of the word in literature or high-level journalism. For example, you might analyze how an author uses the 'colina' as a symbol of isolation or a barrier. Your grammar should be advanced enough to use 'colina' in complex relative clauses: 'La colina, desde cuya cima se divisa todo el valle, es un lugar sagrado para los habitantes locales'. You are also expected to recognize regional variations and use the most appropriate term for the context, whether it's 'colina' in a formal Spanish essay or 'cerro' in a conversation about the geography of Mexico. You can discuss the strategic importance of hills in historical battles or urban planning with ease. Your ability to describe the texture, light, and atmosphere of a 'colina' should be well-developed, using a rich array of vocabulary to convey specific sensory details to your listener or reader.

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At the C1 level, you have a deep appreciation for the stylistic and evocative power of the word 'colina'. You can use it in highly creative writing, employing metaphors and personification. You might describe a colina as 'vigilante' (watchful) or 'durmiente' (sleeping). You are familiar with the word's appearance in classical literature and can discuss its role in the works of famous Spanish poets. Your vocabulary includes very specific synonyms like 'otero' or 'altozano', and you know exactly when to use them to achieve a particular tone or register. You can engage in complex discussions about geography, geology, or environmental science where 'colina' is a standard term, and you can do so with native-like fluency. You understand the subtle differences in meaning between 'colina', 'promontorio', and 'mamelón'. Your use of the word is no longer just about communication but about precision, elegance, and cultural resonance. You can explain the historical and cultural significance of specific hills in the Spanish-speaking world, such as the hills of the Alhambra in Granada. You are also sensitive to the rhythm and phonetics of the word, using it effectively in poetry or oratory to create a specific auditory effect.

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At the C2 level, you possess a masterly command of 'colina' and all its related concepts. You can use the word in any context, from the most technical scientific paper to the most avant-garde poetry, with absolute precision. You are aware of the etymological roots of the word and how it has evolved within the Romance languages. You can identify and use archaic or highly regional terms for hills that most native speakers might not even know. Your ability to translate the word 'hill' into Spanish is not limited to 'colina'; you can provide a dozen different options based on the exact height, shape, location, and cultural context of the landform. You can interpret the deepest symbolic meanings of hills in myths, legends, and religious texts across the Spanish-speaking world. In spontaneous conversation, you use the word with the same ease as a native speaker, including all the subtle regional nuances and idiomatic uses. You can lead a discussion on the impact of urban sprawl on the 'colinas' of a metropolitan area, or write a critique of a landscape painting focusing on the artist's depiction of 'las colinas'. For you, 'colina' is not just a word, but a versatile tool for expressing complex ideas about the world, history, and the human condition.

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연습하기 예시 노트와 팁

colina 30초 만에

A feminine noun meaning 'hill', smaller and gentler than a mountain.
Commonly used to describe natural landscapes, hiking, and rural locations.
Used with verbs like 'subir' (climb) and 'bajar' (go down).
Often confused with 'columna' (column) or 'cerro' (rugged hill).

The Spanish word colina is a feminine noun that translates directly to 'hill' in English. Geographically and topographically, it refers to a landform that extends above the surrounding terrain, typically featuring a distinct summit, but is generally smaller and less steep than a mountain. In the Spanish-speaking world, the term is used both in literal geographical contexts and in more poetic or descriptive settings. Understanding the nuance of a colina requires recognizing its scale; it is the gentle rise in the landscape that offers a viewpoint without requiring the specialized equipment or extreme effort associated with 'montañismo' (mountaineering).

Geographical Scale: A colina is larger than a 'montículo' (mound) but significantly smaller than a 'montaña' (mountain). It is often characterized by rounded tops rather than jagged peaks.

In everyday conversation, you might use 'colina' when describing the scenery during a road trip or when giving directions in a rural area. It evokes images of rolling green landscapes, Mediterranean vistas, or the outskirts of a town where the flat land begins to undulate. Culturally, hills have always been strategic points for settlements, and many Spanish towns are built on a 'colina' to provide a natural defense and a clear view of the surrounding territory.

Desde la cima de la colina, se puede ver todo el valle extendiéndose hasta el mar.

Symbolic Use: Metaphorically, a colina represents an obstacle that is manageable but requires effort—a 'slope' to be climbed in life or a project.

Historically, the 'Siete Colinas de Roma' (Seven Hills of Rome) is a famous reference that uses this word. In literature, authors use the word to create a sense of tranquility or to describe the soft curves of the earth. Unlike a mountain, which can feel intimidating or dangerous, a colina is often associated with pastoral beauty, grazing livestock, and accessible nature.

Las ovejas pastan tranquilamente en la falda de la colina.

Urban Context: In cities like San Francisco or Lisbon, the word is frequently used to describe the steep streets that define the urban landscape.

When you are hiking, you might distinguish between 'subir una colina' (going up a hill) and 'escalar una montaña' (climbing a mountain). The former suggests a pleasant walk, while the latter suggests a rigorous sport. This distinction is crucial for setting the right tone in your Spanish descriptions. Whether you are talking about the 'Colinas de Hollywood' or a small rise in your backyard, 'colina' is your go-to word for that specific elevation of earth.

Construyeron un pequeño castillo de madera sobre la colina para que los niños jugaran.

El sol se ocultó detrás de la colina, tiñendo el cielo de naranja.

Using 'colina' correctly involves understanding its grammatical role as a noun and the common verbs that accompany it. Most frequently, you will find it paired with verbs of movement such as 'subir' (to go up), 'bajar' (to go down), 'descender' (to descend), or 'coronar' (to reach the top of). Because it is a physical location, prepositions like 'en' (in/on), 'sobre' (on top of), and 'hacia' (towards) are essential. For example, saying 'Vivo en la colina' implies your residence is located on the elevated ground, whereas 'Voy hacia la colina' indicates your direction of travel.

Common Verbs: Subir (to climb/ascend), Divisar (to spot from a distance), Rodar (to roll down), Rodear (to go around).

Adjectives play a significant role in bringing the word 'colina' to life. You might describe a colina as 'empinada' (steep), 'suave' (gentle/gradual), 'arbolada' (wooded), or 'despejada' (clear/barren). In a sentence, these adjectives must agree in gender and number: 'las colinas empinadas'. If you are describing a landscape in a more technical way, you might refer to the 'cima' (summit), the 'falda' (slope/skirt), or the 'pie' (foot) of the colina. These terms help provide precise spatial orientation.

El ciclista sudaba mientras subía la colina más pronunciada de la etapa.

When talking about houses or architecture, 'colina' is used to describe the setting. 'Una casa en la colina' is a classic image. In this context, the word often carries a connotation of prestige or a good view. You can also use it in the plural to describe a region: 'La región está llena de colinas onduladas'. This use of 'onduladas' (rolling) is very common in descriptive writing to mimic the visual wave-like appearance of multiple hills together.

Esa pequeña capilla fue construida en la colina para estar más cerca del cielo.

Prepositional Phrases: Al pie de la colina (at the foot of the hill), En la cima de la colina (at the top of the hill), A través de las colinas (across the hills).

In more complex sentences, 'colina' can be the subject of the sentence performing an action metaphorically, or the object of a more abstract verb. For instance, 'La colina dominaba el paisaje' (The hill dominated the landscape). Here, the hill is personified to show its prominence. You can also use it with verbs of perception: 'Desde aquí divisamos una colina lejana'. This shows how the word functions within a broader narrative of observation and exploration.

Bajamos la colina corriendo y terminamos exhaustos en el prado.

Hay un antiguo roble solitario justo en medio de la colina.

You will encounter the word 'colina' in a variety of real-world settings, ranging from the mundane to the highly artistic. One of the most common places is in nature documentaries or travel shows. When a narrator describes the geography of Tuscany, the Scottish Highlands, or the Andes, 'colina' is used to define the gentler parts of the terrain. If you are watching a Spanish-language weather report or a news segment about a wildfire, reporters might specify that the fire is spreading through the 'colinas' near a certain town.

Literature and Poetry: Classic Spanish literature, from the works of Antonio Machado to Federico García Lorca, uses 'colina' to set evocative, often melancholic scenes of the Spanish countryside.

In music, particularly in folk and indie genres, 'colina' is a popular lyrical choice. It provides a three-syllable rhythmic structure that fits well into many poetic meters. Songwriters use it to symbolize a place of reflection, a barrier between lovers, or a vantage point to look back at one's home. If you listen to traditional 'coplas' or modern Latin pop, keep an ear out for the word when the theme involves nature or returning to one's roots.

La canción habla de un amor que se perdió entre las colinas plateadas por la luna.

In the world of sports, especially cycling and cross-country running, 'colina' is a technical term. Commentators during the 'Vuelta a España' will discuss the difficulty of a particular 'colina' and how it might affect the riders' performance. It is also common in military history and strategy games in Spanish, where 'tomar la colina' (taking the hill) is a standard objective. This usage highlights the tactical importance of elevated ground.

El guía nos dijo que la colina era el mejor sitio para observar las estrellas esta noche.

Everyday Directions: 'Sigue recto hasta la colina y luego dobla a la derecha' (Go straight until the hill and then turn right).

Finally, you will see 'colina' in place names. Many neighborhoods, towns, and parks throughout the Spanish-speaking world incorporate the word. For example, 'Colinas del Sur' or 'La Colina' as a specific district name. When you travel, paying attention to these names can help you understand the local topography before you even see it. It is a word that bridges the gap between technical geography and the lived experience of moving through a varied landscape.

Vimos un rebaño de cabras bajando por la colina al atardecer.

El castillo en la colina es el símbolo de nuestra ciudad.

One of the most frequent mistakes English speakers make when learning 'colina' is confusing it with the word 'columna'. While they sound somewhat similar, 'columna' means 'column' or 'spine' (columna vertebral). If you say you are climbing a 'columna', people might think you are scaling a building's pillar or doing something very strange to someone's back! Always remember that the 'i' in 'colina' distinguishes the geographical feature from the architectural or anatomical one.

Gender Confusion: Beginners often mistake the gender because many geographical terms in English are neutral. In Spanish, it is strictly 'la colina'. Saying 'el colina' is a common error that marks a speaker as a novice.

Another common issue is the over-reliance on 'montaña' when 'colina' would be more appropriate. English speakers often call any significant rise in the ground a 'mountain'. However, in Spanish, calling a small hill a 'montaña' can sound hyperbolic or dramatic. If it doesn't have snow, isn't part of a massive range, and can be walked up in twenty minutes, 'colina' or 'loma' is the better choice. Conversely, calling a massive peak like Everest a 'colina' would be an understatement of comedic proportions.

No es una montaña, es solo una pequeña colina; podemos subirla sin problemas.

There is also a phonetic pitfall: the pronunciation of the 'o' and the 'i'. English speakers might accidentally say 'co-lee-na' with an English 'o' sound (like in 'go'). In Spanish, the 'o' is short and clipped, as in 'for', and the 'i' is like the 'ee' in 'see'. Mastering the crispness of these vowels will make your pronunciation much more authentic. Furthermore, ensure you don't confuse 'colina' with 'conejo' (rabbit) or 'cocina' (kitchen) in rapid speech, as the initial 'co-' can lead to slips of the tongue.

Me equivoqué y dije que iba a la cocina en vez de a la colina.

Prepositional Errors: Avoid saying 'arriba la colina' for 'up the hill'. The correct way to express movement is using a verb like 'subir' or the phrase 'por la colina'.

Lastly, students sometimes forget that 'colina' is a countable noun. You can have 'una colina', 'varias colinas', or 'muchas colinas'. Unlike 'tierra' (earth/dirt) which is often uncountable, 'colina' always refers to a specific, individual landform. Keeping these distinctions in mind will help you avoid the most common pitfalls and speak about the landscape with the precision of a native speaker.

Hay tres colinas gemelas al otro lado del río.

Desde la colina, se divisaba el humo de las chimeneas del pueblo.

Spanish is incredibly rich in topographical vocabulary, and 'colina' is just one of many ways to describe elevated land. Depending on where you are in the world or how specific you want to be, you might choose a different word. The most common alternative is cerro. In many countries, 'cerro' is the default word for any hill, especially if it is somewhat rugged or isolated. In Chile or Mexico, for example, 'colina' might sound slightly formal, while 'cerro' sounds natural and everyday.

Colina vs. Loma: A 'loma' is typically smaller and more rounded than a 'colina'. Think of a 'loma' as a gentle swell in a field, whereas a 'colina' has a more defined presence.
Colina vs. Cerro: 'Cerro' often implies a more rocky or steep nature. In many regions, 'cerro' is used for hills that are quite high, almost approaching mountain status.

For more literary or technical contexts, you might encounter otero or altozano. An 'otero' is specifically a hill that stands alone in a plain, providing a strategic viewpoint. An 'altozano' is a small hill or a height of ground, often used in urban planning to describe a raised area within a city. If you are describing a very small, artificial hill, like a burial mound or a pile of earth, the word montículo is the most accurate term to use.

El pueblo se asienta sobre un altozano que domina la llanura castellana.

When talking about a series of hills, you can use the word cordillera for a mountain range, but for hills, we often just use the plural 'colinas' or 'lomerío'. A 'lomerío' is a group of 'lomas' or small hills. In the Caribbean, you might hear the word mogote, which refers to a very specific type of steep-sided limestone hill found in places like Cuba and Puerto Rico. This shows how regional geography dictates the vocabulary used by native speakers.

Las lomas de esa región son famosas por sus viñedos de alta calidad.

Summary of Alternatives: Montaña (large), Cerro (rugged/regional), Loma (small/rounded), Montículo (mound), Otero (isolated), Altozano (urban/small height).

Finally, consider the word cuesta. While 'cuesta' usually means 'slope' or 'incline' (as in 'una cuesta empinada'), it is often used interchangeably with hill when talking about the effort of climbing. 'Subir la cuesta' is a very common expression. By learning these synonyms, you not only expand your vocabulary but also gain a deeper understanding of the diverse landscapes that make up the Spanish-speaking world, from the rolling hills of Andalusia to the rugged 'cerros' of the Andes.

Divisamos un otero en la distancia que servía de guía a los caminantes.

El montículo de tierra en el jardín fue hecho por los topos.

How Formal Is It?

재미있는 사실

The 'Seven Hills of Rome' are called 'Las Siete Colinas de Roma' in Spanish. This historical connection emphasizes the word's ancient roots in Latin civilization.

발음 가이드

UK /koˈlina/

US /koʊˈlinə/

Second syllable (co-LI-na). Words ending in a vowel, 'n', or 's' naturally stress the penultimate syllable.

라임이 맞는 단어

piscina cocina neblina camina vecina gallina rutina cortina

자주 하는 실수

Stressing the first syllable (CO-lina).
Pronouncing the 'i' like the 'i' in 'sit' (co-lih-na).
Making the 'o' sound like 'ow' (cow-lina).
Confusing the word with 'columna' (column).
Pronouncing the 'n' as a soft 'ng' sound.

난이도

독해 1/5

The word is easy to recognize in text as it follows standard phonetic rules.

쓰기 1/5

Simple spelling with no silent letters or accents.

말하기 2/5

Requires correct vowel pronunciation and stress on the second syllable.

듣기 2/5

Might be confused with 'columna' or 'cocina' if spoken very quickly.

다음에 무엇을 배울까

선수 학습

montaña tierra verde subir alto

다음에 배울 것

valle llanura paisaje cima naturaleza

고급

orografía estratigrafía altozano otero sinuosidad

알아야 할 문법

Gender of Nouns ending in -a

La colina, la montaña, la loma (most are feminine).

Adjective Agreement

La colina alta (feminine singular), Las colinas altas (feminine plural).

Prepositions of Place

En la colina, sobre la colina, bajo la colina.

Verbs of Motion with 'a'

Subir a la colina, ir a la colina.

Imperfect for Description

La colina era verde y tenía muchas flores.

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수준별 예문

La colina es muy verde en primavera.

The hill is very green in spring.

Simple adjective agreement: 'verde' is neutral, but 'la colina' is feminine.

Hay una casa blanca en la colina.

There is a white house on the hill.

Use of 'hay' for existence and 'en' for location.

Yo veo la colina desde mi ventana.

I see the hill from my window.

Direct object 'la colina' with the verb 'ver'.

La colina no es muy alta.

The hill is not very high.

Negative sentence structure with 'no'.

Caminamos hacia la colina.

We walk towards the hill.

Preposition 'hacia' indicating direction.

Las colinas son bonitas.

The hills are pretty.

Plural agreement: 'las colinas' and 'bonitas'.

Mi perro corre en la colina.

My dog runs on the hill.

Present tense verb 'corre' with a locative phrase.

¿Es esa una colina?

Is that a hill?

Interrogative sentence with the indefinite article 'una'.

Ayer subimos a la colina para ver el sol.

Yesterday we went up the hill to see the sun.

Preterite tense 'subimos' for a completed action.

El pueblo está situado detrás de la colina.

The town is located behind the hill.

Prepositional phrase 'detrás de' for relative location.

Me gusta leer libros bajo el árbol de la colina.

I like to read books under the tree on the hill.

Infinitive 'leer' after 'me gusta'.

Bajamos la colina muy rápido con las bicicletas.

We went down the hill very fast with the bicycles.

Adverb 'rápido' modifying the verb 'bajamos'.

Había muchas flores silvestres en esa colina.

There were many wildflowers on that hill.

Imperfect 'había' for description in the past.

Esta colina es más fácil de subir que la otra.

This hill is easier to climb than the other one.

Comparative structure 'más... que'.

El camino rodea la colina por la derecha.

The path goes around the hill on the right.

Verb 'rodear' meaning to surround or go around.

¿Quieres ir de excursión a la colina mañana?

Do you want to go on a hike to the hill tomorrow?

Phrase 'ir de excursión' for hiking/trips.

Si tuviera tiempo, subiría a la colina cada mañana.

If I had time, I would go up the hill every morning.

Conditional sentence with 'si' and the imperfect subjunctive.

Es increíble que haya tantas ovejas en esa colina.

It's incredible that there are so many sheep on that hill.

Present subjunctive 'haya' after an impersonal expression.

La colina protegía al pueblo de los fuertes vientos del norte.

The hill protected the town from the strong north winds.

Imperfect tense for a continuous state in the past.

Cuando llegues a la cima de la colina, verás el lago.

When you reach the top of the hill, you will see the lake.

Temporal clause with 'cuando' + subjunctive + future.

A pesar de la lluvia, decidimos escalar la colina.

Despite the rain, we decided to climb the hill.

Concessive phrase 'A pesar de'.

La colina parecía un gigante dormido bajo la niebla.

The hill looked like a sleeping giant under the fog.

Simile using 'parecía' and 'como' (implied).

No creo que esa colina sea privada; podemos pasar.

I don't think that hill is private; we can pass.

Subjunctive 'sea' after 'no creo que'.

El hotel está construido en la ladera de la colina.

The hotel is built on the side of the hill.

Specific term 'ladera' for the side of a hill.

La erosión ha transformado la forma de la colina con los años.

Erosion has transformed the shape of the hill over the years.

Present perfect 'ha transformado' for an action with present results.

Se han plantado miles de árboles para reforestar la colina.

Thousands of trees have been planted to reforest the hill.

Passive 'se' construction for an impersonal action.

La colina, cuya cima está coronada por un faro, es muy famosa.

The hill, whose summit is crowned by a lighthouse, is very famous.

Relative pronoun 'cuya' for possession.

Dudo que el terreno de la colina sea apto para la construcción.

I doubt the hill's terrain is suitable for construction.

Subjunctive 'sea' after a verb of doubt.

El ejército tomó posiciones estratégicas en la colina dominante.

The army took strategic positions on the dominant hill.

Military terminology: 'tomar posiciones' and 'dominante'.

Las colinas onduladas de esta región me recuerdan a la Toscana.

The rolling hills of this region remind me of Tuscany.

Verb 'recordar' used with 'a' for similarity.

Para cuando bajamos de la colina, ya se había hecho de noche.

By the time we got down from the hill, it had already become night.

Past perfect 'había hecho' for an action before another past action.

Es fundamental preservar el ecosistema único de estas colinas.

It is fundamental to preserve the unique ecosystem of these hills.

Impersonal expression followed by an infinitive.

La colina se alzaba como un baluarte natural frente al avance del enemigo.

The hill rose like a natural bulwark against the enemy's advance.

Literary simile 'como un baluarte'.

El poeta solía perderse entre las colinas en busca de inspiración.

The poet used to lose himself among the hills in search of inspiration.

Verb 'soler' in the imperfect for a habitual past action.

Bajo la luz del crepúsculo, la colina adquiría un tono violáceo casi místico.

Under the twilight light, the hill took on an almost mystical violet hue.

Rich descriptive adjectives: 'violáceo', 'místico', 'crepúsculo'.

No hay rincón en estas colinas que no guarde un secreto ancestral.

There is no corner in these hills that doesn't hold an ancestral secret.

Double negative 'No hay... que no' for emphasis.

La urbanización ha despojado a la colina de su belleza primigenia.

Urbanization has stripped the hill of its primal beauty.

Verb 'despojar' used with 'de' for stripping/depriving.

Cualquier caminante que ose subir la colina será recompensado con la vista.

Any walker who dares to climb the hill will be rewarded with the view.

Subjunctive 'ose' in a relative clause with an indefinite antecedent.

Las colinas, mudos testigos del paso del tiempo, permanecen inalterables.

The hills, silent witnesses to the passage of time, remain unalterable.

Apposition 'mudos testigos' for poetic effect.

El riachuelo serpentea por la falda de la colina hasta llegar al valle.

The stream meanders down the slope of the hill until it reaches the valley.

Specific verb 'serpentear' (to meander/wind).

La orografía de la región se caracteriza por una sucesión de colinas mamelonadas.

The orography of the region is characterized by a succession of breast-shaped hills.

Highly technical terminology: 'orografía', 'mamelonadas'.

Resulta imperativo analizar la estratigrafía de la colina para datar el yacimiento.

It is imperative to analyze the stratigraphy of the hill to date the archaeological site.

Academic register with 'Resulta imperativo' and 'estratigrafía'.

La luz rasante del alba perfilaba con nitidez el contorno de la colina.

The low-angled light of dawn clearly outlined the contour of the hill.

Precise vocabulary: 'rasante', 'alba', 'perfilaba', 'nitidez'.

Pese a su aparente mansedumbre, la colina escondía simas de gran profundidad.

Despite its apparent gentleness, the hill hid very deep chasms.

Contrast between 'mansedumbre' and 'simas'.

El palimpsesto del paisaje revela antiguas terrazas de cultivo en la colina.

The palimpsest of the landscape reveals ancient cultivation terraces on the hill.

Metaphorical use of 'palimpsesto'.

La colina actuaba como un biombo natural que tamizaba la luz del poniente.

The hill acted as a natural screen that filtered the light of the setting sun.

Literary metaphors: 'biombo', 'tamizaba', 'poniente'.

Se especula con que la colina fuera, en tiempos remotos, un lugar de culto solar.

It is speculated that the hill was, in remote times, a place of solar worship.

Passive with 'se especula' and past subjunctive 'fuera'.

La sinuosidad de las colinas confería al territorio una belleza casi onírica.

The sinuosity of the hills gave the territory an almost dreamlike beauty.

Abstract nouns: 'sinuosidad', 'onírica'.

자주 쓰는 조합

Subir la colina

Colina verde

Cima de la colina

Falda de la colina

Colina empinada

Colinas onduladas

Detrás de la colina

Pie de la colina

Divisar una colina

Rodar por la colina

자주 쓰는 구문

En lo alto de la colina

— At the very top of the hill.

Hay un castillo en lo alto de la colina.

Vivir en la colina

— To live on the hill (often implies a nice view).

Ella siempre quiso vivir en la colina.

Bajar la colina

— To go down the hill.

Ten cuidado al bajar la colina, el suelo está resbaladizo.

Una colina de arena

— A sand hill or dune.

En la playa formamos una pequeña colina de arena.

La otra cara de la colina

— The other side of the hill.

No sabemos qué hay en la otra cara de la colina.

Subida a la colina

— The ascent of the hill.

La subida a la colina fue agotadora.

Colinas lejanas

— Distant hills.

Se ven las colinas lejanas a través de la bruma.

Rodeado de colinas

— Surrounded by hills.

El valle está completamente rodeado de colinas.

Coronar la colina

— To reach the top of the hill.

Tras una hora de marcha, logramos coronar la colina.

Vista desde la colina

— View from the hill.

La vista desde la colina es la mejor de la ciudad.

자주 혼동되는 단어

colina vs Columna

Means 'column' or 'pillar'. Sounds similar but has a completely different meaning.

colina vs Cocina

Means 'kitchen'. Only similar in the first syllable, but beginners sometimes slip up.

colina vs Conejo

Means 'rabbit'. Also starts with 'co-' and might be confused in rapid, unfocused listening.

관용어 및 표현

"Cuesta arriba"

— Difficult or requiring a lot of effort (metaphorical hill).

Este proyecto se me está haciendo cuesta arriba.

Colloquial

"Ver los toros desde la barrera"

— To watch something difficult from a safe distance (sometimes used with 'colina' in literary contexts).

Es fácil opinar cuando ves los toros desde la barrera.

Common

"Hacerse una colina de un grano de arena"

— To make a mountain out of a molehill (though 'montaña' is more common).

No te preocupes tanto, estás haciendo una colina de un grano de arena.

Colloquial

"Estar en la cima"

— To be at the top of one's game or career.

Después de años de trabajo, por fin está en la cima.

General

"Ir colina abajo"

— To deteriorate or go downhill (metaphorical).

Su salud ha ido colina abajo últimamente.

Colloquial

"Tener una colina que escalar"

— To have a major challenge ahead.

Todavía tenemos una gran colina que escalar antes de terminar.

Metaphorical

"Prometer el oro y el moro"

— To promise the moon (often involves metaphorical heights).

El político prometió el oro y el moro durante la campaña.

Idiomatic

"Mirar por encima del hombro"

— To look down on someone (as if from a height).

No me mires por encima del hombro solo porque tienes más dinero.

Common

"Tocar el cielo con las manos"

— To be extremely happy (reaching the highest point).

Cuando gané el premio, sentí que tocaba el cielo con las manos.

Emotional

"Poner pies en polvorosa"

— To run away quickly (often down a hill or path).

En cuanto vio a la policía, puso pies en polvorosa.

Informal

혼동하기 쉬운

colina vs Cerro

Both mean hill.

Cerro is often more rugged, isolated, or used regionally in Latin America. Colina is more general and can be gentler.

Subimos al cerro para ver las rocas, pero la colina era más verde.

colina vs Loma

Both describe small elevations.

Loma is specifically a very low, rounded, and gentle hill, often part of a field.

La loma es perfecta para un picnic, la colina es mejor para la vista.

colina vs Montaña

Both are elevations of land.

Montaña is much larger, steeper, and higher. A colina is easily accessible by foot.

El Everest es una montaña, pero esto es solo una colina.

colina vs Montículo

Both are small heights.

Montículo usually refers to a very small mound, often made of dirt or sand, sometimes man-made.

El topo hizo un montículo en el jardín cerca de la colina.

colina vs Promontorio

Both are high points of land.

Promontorio usually refers to a high point that overlooks water or a lower plain, often rocky.

El barco se estrelló contra el promontorio debajo de la colina.

문장 패턴

La colina es [adjetivo].

La colina es verde.

Hay [sustantivo] en la colina.

Hay un árbol en la colina.

Me gusta [verbo] por la colina.

Me gusta caminar por la colina.

La colina que [verbo] es [adjetivo].

La colina que vimos ayer es muy empinada.

Desde la cima de la colina, se puede divisar [sustantivo].

Desde la cima de la colina, se puede divisar el horizonte infinito.

A pesar de la sinuosidad de la colina, [frase].

A pesar de la sinuosidad de la colina, el ascenso fue gratificante.

Vamos a [verbo] la colina.

Vamos a subir la colina.

Si [subjuntivo], iría a la colina.

Si hiciera sol, iría a la colina.

어휘 가족

명사

colina

collado

colinito (diminutive, rare)

형용사

colinoso (hilly, rare - 'montañoso' or 'ondulado' is preferred)

사용법

frequency

High in descriptive and geographical contexts.

자주 하는 실수

El colina → La colina
The word is feminine and must always use feminine articles.
Subir arriba la colina → Subir la colina
Adding 'arriba' is redundant because 'subir' already implies going up.
La columna verde → La colina verde
Confusing 'colina' (hill) with 'columna' (column/pillar).
Es una montaña pequeña → Es una colina
While not grammatically wrong, 'colina' is the specific and more natural word for a small mountain.
Caminar en la colina → Caminar por la colina
Using 'por' is more natural when describing movement through or across an area like a hill.

팁

Think Scale

Always categorize land elevations in your mind: montículo < loma < colina < montaña. This helps you choose the right word every time.

The -a Rule

Since it ends in 'a', it is feminine. This is a very reliable rule for this specific word, making it easy to remember 'la colina'.

Pure Vowels

Ensure your 'o' and 'a' are pure and don't turn into diphthongs. It's 'co-lee-nah', not 'cow-lee-nuh'.

Regional Choice

If you are in Mexico, try using 'cerro'. If you are in Spain writing a poem, 'colina' is perfect. Adapting to your audience is key.

Use Verbs of Motion

Don't just say the hill 'is' there. Say the path 'sube' (goes up) the hill or the river 'bordea' (goes around) the hill for better writing.

The Hollywood Link

Whenever you forget the word, think of the Hollywood Hills. They are the most famous 'colinas' in the world for many people.

Context Clues

If you hear 'subir' or 'verde', the word that follows is likely 'colina' and not a similar-sounding word like 'columna'.

Stress the Middle

Practice saying 'co-LI-na' with a clear punch on the 'LI'. This is the most important part of being understood.

Prepositions Matter

Use 'en' for being on it, 'hacia' for going to it, and 'desde' for looking from it. These small words change the whole meaning.

Rhyme Time

Remember that 'colina' rhymes with 'piscina' (pool). Imagine a pool on top of a hill to link the two words in your memory.

암기하기

기억법

Think of a 'COLumn' (colina starts similarly) but instead of a straight pillar, it's a 'COL-ina'—a natural pillar of earth that you can walk up.

시각적 연상

Picture the famous Hollywood Hills sign. In Spanish, these are the 'Colinas de Hollywood'. Visualizing that iconic landscape can help you remember the word.

Word Web

naturaleza geografía senderismo paisaje cima falda verde aire libre

챌린지

Try to describe three different 'colinas' you have seen in your life using at least two adjectives for each (e.g., 'una colina verde y suave').

어원

From the Latin word 'collis', which also meant hill or high ground. It shares a root with the Latin 'columna' (column), reflecting the idea of something that stands tall or rises above.

원래 의미: A small elevation or hill.

Indo-European > Italic > Romance > Spanish.

문화적 맥락

No specific sensitivities, but be aware that in some very flat regions, a 'colina' might be a source of local pride as the only high point.

English speakers often use 'hill' for anything from a small mound to a steep rise. In Spanish, 'colina' is slightly more specific and often sounds more 'literary' than 'hill' does in English.

Las Siete Colinas de Roma (The Seven Hills of Rome) Colinas de Hollywood (Hollywood Hills) La colina de la Alhambra (The hill where the Alhambra palace sits in Granada)

실생활에서 연습하기

실제 사용 상황

Hiking and Outdoors

¿Cuánto falta para la colina?
El sendero sube la colina.
Llevad agua para la colina.
La vista es mejor desde la colina.

Giving Directions

Gira después de la colina.
Busca la casa en la colina.
Está justo al pie de la colina.
Sigue el camino hacia la colina.

Describing Scenery

Es un paisaje de colinas.
Las colinas están nevadas.
Me encantan estas colinas.
La colina domina el pueblo.

Travel and Tourism

Visitamos las famosas colinas.
Hay un mirador en la colina.
El hotel tiene vistas a la colina.
La excursión incluye la colina.

Literature and Art

Pintó la colina al atardecer.
La colina aparece en el poema.
Es un símbolo de la colina.
La luz cae sobre la colina.

대화 시작하기

"¿Prefieres vivir en una colina o cerca del mar?"

"¿Alguna vez has rodado por una colina de hierba?"

"¿Cuál es la colina más alta que has subido caminando?"

"¿Hay muchas colinas en la ciudad donde naciste?"

"¿Te gusta ver el atardecer desde una colina solitaria?"

일기 주제

Describe un día perfecto pasando la tarde en una colina con tus amigos.

Escribe sobre una colina famosa que te gustaría visitar algún día y por qué.

Imagina que construyes la casa de tus sueños en una colina. ¿Cómo sería?

¿Qué sentimientos te evoca un paisaje lleno de colinas onduladas y verdes?

Escribe una historia corta sobre un tesoro escondido en la cima de una colina.

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

Es un sustantivo femenino. Siempre se dice 'la colina' o 'una colina'. Los adjetivos también deben ser femeninos, por ejemplo, 'la colina alta'.

'Colina' es el término estándar y a menudo describe algo suave. 'Cerro' se usa mucho en Latinoamérica y a veces implica algo más rocoso o escarpado. En muchos contextos son intercambiables.

Se dice 'colina arriba' para 'uphill' y 'colina abajo' para 'downhill'. También puedes usar 'cuesta arriba' y 'cuesta abajo'.

No es recomendable. Si la elevación es muy grande, debes usar 'montaña'. Usar 'colina' para algo como los Alpes sonaría muy extraño o sarcástico.

Una 'loma' es una elevación de terreno aún más pequeña y redondeada que una colina. Es como un pequeño bulto en la tierra.

Sí, se entiende en todo el mundo hispanohablante, aunque en Latinoamérica es muy común preferir la palabra 'cerro' en el habla cotidiana.

No hay muchos modismos directos, pero se usa mucho en metáforas sobre superar obstáculos ('una colina que escalar'). El modismo 'cuesta arriba' es más común para referirse a la dificultad.

Se pronuncia como una 'ee' larga en inglés (como en 'see' o 'bee'). Nunca como la 'i' corta de 'sit'.

Los más comunes son 'verde', 'empinada' (steep), 'suave' (gentle), 'arbolada' (wooded) y 'lejana' (distant).

Sí, es una palabra de nivel A2, lo que significa que es esencial para cualquier estudiante de español para describir el entorno natural.

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