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A2 verb 14분 분량

motivar

예시
설명 motivar in your Level:
At the A1 beginner level, learners are just starting to build their foundational vocabulary to describe simple daily activities, preferences, and basic interactions. The word motivar is highly accessible for English speakers at this stage because it is a direct cognate; it looks and sounds very similar to the English word motivate. Even though beginners might not use complex grammatical structures yet, they can easily recognize this word and start incorporating it into very simple sentences. For example, a beginner might use it in its infinitive form after verbs like querer (to want) or necesitar (to need). Saying quiero motivar a mi amigo (I want to motivate my friend) is a perfect A1 sentence. It allows learners to express positive intentions and support for the people around them. Furthermore, because motivar is a regular -ar verb, A1 learners can comfortably conjugate it in the present tense without having to memorize irregular patterns. They can say yo motivo (I motivate) or él motiva (he motivates). At this level, the focus is on understanding the core meaning of the word—giving someone a reason to do something—and recognizing it when teachers or language partners use it in conversation. It is a fantastic vocabulary addition because it instantly expands a beginner's ability to talk about feelings, goals, and interpersonal encouragement in a very straightforward, recognizable way.
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At the A2 elementary level, learners begin to construct more detailed sentences and express their opinions, routines, and reasons for doing things. This is the exact CEFR level where motivar becomes an essential, active part of a student's vocabulary. A2 learners are taught to use direct and indirect object pronouns, which are crucial for using this verb naturally. Instead of just saying I motivate him, an A2 learner learns to say lo motivo. More importantly, they learn the highly common structure where the motivation itself is the subject, similar to how the verb gustar works. Phrases like me motiva la música (music motivates me) or ¿qué te motiva? (what motivates you?) are classic A2 constructions. This allows learners to discuss their hobbies, their reasons for studying Spanish, and what drives them in their daily lives. Additionally, A2 students are learning to use basic prepositions to connect verbs. They can now say things like me motiva para estudiar (it motivates me to study) or la profesora nos motiva a hablar (the teacher motivates us to speak). By mastering these slightly more complex sentence structures, A2 learners can engage in much richer conversations about their personal lives, their jobs, and their educational journeys, making motivar a key tool for moving beyond simple descriptions and into expressing deeper personal meaning.
At the B1 intermediate level, learners are expected to handle a wider variety of situations, particularly those related to work, school, and travel. They are also expected to describe experiences, events, dreams, and ambitions, and briefly give reasons and explanations for opinions and plans. The verb motivar is perfectly suited for these tasks. B1 learners will frequently use this word when discussing career aspirations, workplace dynamics, and educational challenges. They can talk about what makes a good boss: un buen jefe sabe motivar a sus empleados (a good boss knows how to motivate their employees). They also begin to use the reflexive form, motivarse, to talk about self-discipline and personal habits, such as me cuesta motivarme para ir al gimnasio (I find it hard to motivate myself to go to the gym). Furthermore, B1 introduces the subjunctive mood for expressing emotions and influence. This is a major grammatical milestone. Learners at this stage will start forming complex sentences like me motiva que la empresa pague bien (it motivates me that the company pays well), correctly applying the subjunctive to the subordinate clause. The ability to use motivar in past tenses (preterite and imperfect) also solidifies at this level, allowing students to tell stories about what inspired them in the past, such as su discurso me motivó mucho (his speech motivated me a lot).
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At the B2 upper-intermediate level, learners can understand the main ideas of complex text on both concrete and abstract topics and can interact with a degree of fluency and spontaneity. The use of motivar at this level becomes much more nuanced and abstract. B2 students are not just talking about daily chores or simple hobbies; they are discussing psychology, societal trends, business strategies, and human behavior. They might use the word in debates about the education system, arguing whether grades truly motivar a los alumnos (motivate students) or if they create unnecessary stress. They can discuss intrinsic versus extrinsic motivation using advanced vocabulary. Moreover, B2 learners are comfortable with passive voice constructions and impersonal expressions, allowing them to say things like se debe motivar a la población para reciclar (the population must be motivated to recycle). They also flawlessly integrate motivar with a variety of complex prepositions and conjunctions. At this stage, the word is often used alongside its noun and adjective forms (la motivación, motivador, motivado) to create cohesive, sophisticated arguments. The grammatical precision required to use motivar with the correct object pronouns, prepositions, and subjunctive triggers is expected to be fully internalized by a B2 speaker, allowing for seamless, highly articulate conversations.
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At the C1 advanced level, learners can express ideas fluently and spontaneously without much obvious searching for expressions. They use language flexibly and effectively for social, academic, and professional purposes. For a C1 speaker, motivar is a tool for highly precise and persuasive communication. They understand the subtle semantic differences between motivar, incentivar, impulsar, and alentar, and they choose the exact right word for the context. In a professional setting, a C1 speaker might draft a complex proposal detailing strategies to motivar el rendimiento del equipo directivo (motivate the performance of the executive team) using formal corporate jargon. In an academic context, they might analyze psychological texts discussing what factors motivan el comportamiento humano (motivate human behavior). Furthermore, C1 learners are aware of the legal and administrative usage of the word, where motivar means to justify or provide grounds for a decision (e.g., el tribunal debe motivar su fallo). They can play with the language, using idiomatic expressions and rhetorical devices to inspire others. Their use of the subjunctive with motivar is flawless, even in complex past subjunctive hypothetical scenarios, such as si me hubieran motivado más, habría terminado el proyecto (if they had motivated me more, I would have finished the project). The word is fully integrated into a vast, sophisticated lexicon.
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At the C2 mastery level, learners can understand with ease virtually everything heard or read. They can summarize information from different spoken and written sources, reconstructing arguments and accounts in a coherent presentation. A C2 speaker's use of motivar is indistinguishable from that of a highly educated native speaker. They possess a deep sociolinguistic understanding of how the concept of motivation varies across different Spanish-speaking cultures and can adapt their language accordingly. They can deconstruct complex philosophical or psychological treatises on human drive, effortlessly employing the verb in the most abstract and nuanced discussions. They are capable of writing compelling literature, persuasive political speeches, or comprehensive academic papers where motivar is used to weave intricate arguments about societal shifts, historical movements, or deep-seated human desires. At this pinnacle of language proficiency, the speaker not only uses the word flawlessly in all its grammatical permutations—including obscure literary tenses if necessary—but also understands the exact emotional weight and cultural resonance the word carries in any given context. They can use it sarcastically, metaphorically, or poetically, demonstrating absolute mastery over the language and the profound human concepts it describes.
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예시
The Spanish verb motivar is a highly versatile and frequently used word that directly translates to the English verb to motivate or to encourage. It is deeply embedded in the Spanish language and is utilized across a vast array of social, professional, educational, and personal contexts. Understanding the nuances of motivar is essential for anyone looking to achieve fluency, as it touches upon human psychology, daily interactions, and the fundamental reasons behind why people take action. At its core, motivar means to provide someone with a motive or a reason to do something. This can be an internal drive or an external reward. When people use this word, they are often discussing the driving forces behind human behavior. For example, a teacher might use it when discussing how to keep students engaged, a manager might use it when talking about improving employee performance, or a friend might use it when trying to help someone overcome a personal hurdle. The beauty of this word lies in its direct correlation with positive reinforcement and forward momentum. In everyday conversation, you will hear people talking about what motivates them personally, using reflexive structures or indirect object pronouns. For instance, me motiva means it motivates me. This is a very common way to express enthusiasm or passion for a particular hobby, career path, or life goal.

El buen clima me suele motivar para salir a correr por las mañanas.

Furthermore, the concept of motivation in Spanish-speaking cultures carries a strong sense of community and collective encouragement. It is not just about individual success, but about uplifting the group.
Intrinsic Motivation
This refers to doing something because it is inherently interesting or enjoyable, rather than for a separable consequence.
When exploring how people use this word, it is important to recognize its role in formal settings. In business, human resources departments constantly discuss strategies to motivar al personal (motivate the staff). This involves creating incentives, fostering a positive work environment, and recognizing achievements.

El líder debe motivar a su equipo diariamente.

In sports, coaches are seen as the ultimate motivators. Their job is to motivar a los jugadores (motivate the players) to push beyond their limits and work together as a cohesive unit.
Extrinsic Motivation
This involves doing something because it leads to a separable outcome, such as earning a reward or avoiding punishment.
The word also finds its place in the realm of psychology and self-help, which has seen a massive boom in Spanish-speaking countries. Books, podcasts, and seminars frequently focus on how to motivarse (motivate oneself) in the face of adversity.

Es difícil motivar a alguien que no quiere escuchar.

Another interesting aspect is how motivar is used in legal or formal administrative contexts to mean to justify or to give reasons for a decision. For example, a judge must motivar su sentencia (justify their sentence), meaning they must provide the legal and logical motives behind their ruling. This showcases the etymological roots of the word, linking it back to the Latin motivus, meaning moving or impelling.
Legal Context
In law, motivar means to explain the rationale behind a legal decision or administrative act.

El director intentó motivar a los empleados con un bono.

As you continue to learn Spanish, integrating this verb into your vocabulary will allow you to express complex ideas about human behavior, encouragement, and the underlying reasons for actions. It is a word full of energy and purpose.

Siempre busco maneras de motivar a mis hijos para que estudien.

Ultimately, mastering the use of motivar will significantly enhance your ability to communicate effectively and empathetically in Spanish, bridging the gap between simple observation and deep psychological insight into what drives the people around you.
Using the verb motivar correctly in sentences involves understanding its grammatical structure, the prepositions that often accompany it, and the difference between its transitive and reflexive forms. Because it is a regular -ar verb, its conjugation follows the standard patterns in all tenses, making it relatively easy for learners to adopt. However, the complexity arises in how it connects to other parts of the sentence, particularly direct objects and subordinate clauses. To begin with, motivar is most commonly used as a transitive verb, meaning it takes a direct object. When the direct object is a person, you must use the personal a. This is a fundamental rule in Spanish grammar that is easily forgotten by English speakers.

La profesora sabe cómo motivar a sus alumnos.

In addition to the direct object, you often need to specify what you are motivating the person to do. This is typically achieved using the preposition a or para followed by an infinitive verb. For example, motivar a alguien a hacer algo (to motivate someone to do something). Both prepositions are widely understood, though para places a slightly stronger emphasis on the goal or purpose of the action.
Preposition A
Used to indicate the direction of the motivation, leading directly into an action. Example: Me motivó a cambiar.

Sus palabras me van a motivar a seguir adelante.

Another highly common structure involves using indirect object pronouns to express that something motivates you or someone else. In this construction, the thing providing the motivation is the subject of the sentence, and the person receiving the motivation is the indirect object. This is similar to how the verb gustar works. For example, Me motiva la música (Music motivates me). Here, la música is the subject, and me is the object.
Gustar-like Structure
Using indirect object pronouns (me, te, le, nos, os, les) to show who is receiving the motivation from an external source.

A nosotros nos suele motivar el éxito de los demás.

When the source of motivation is an action rather than a noun, you use the infinitive form of the verb. For example, Me motiva viajar (Traveling motivates me). If the source of motivation involves a change of subject, you must use the subjunctive mood. This is a critical grammatical point for intermediate and advanced learners. For instance, Me motiva que tú estudies tanto (It motivates me that you study so much). Because the subject changes from it (the situation) to you, the verb estudiar must be in the subjunctive.

Quiero motivar al equipo para que gane el campeonato.

Furthermore, the reflexive form, motivarse, is used when people motivate themselves. This is common in the context of personal development and self-discipline. For example, Es difícil motivarse cuando hace frío (It is hard to motivate oneself when it is cold).
Reflexive Usage
Motivarse indicates that the subject and the object of the motivation are the same person.

Ella sabe cómo motivar a las masas con su discurso.

By mastering these different sentence structures—transitive with the personal a, gustar-like constructions, subjunctive triggers, and reflexive uses—you will be able to deploy the word motivar with native-like fluency across any conversational scenario.
The verb motivar is omnipresent in the Spanish-speaking world, echoing through the halls of corporate offices, ringing out on sports fields, resonating in classrooms, and filling the pages of self-improvement literature. Because human motivation is a universal concern, the vocabulary surrounding it is naturally widespread and deeply integrated into daily life. One of the most prominent environments where you will hear this word is the modern workplace. In professional settings, managers, human resources professionals, and team leaders constantly discuss strategies to motivar a los empleados (motivate the employees).

La empresa organiza eventos para motivar a su personal.

Companies invest heavily in incentive programs, team-building exercises, and leadership training, all centered around the core concept of motivation. During meetings, you might hear phrases like necesitamos motivar las ventas (we need to motivate/drive sales) or ¿qué podemos hacer para motivar al equipo? (what can we do to motivate the team?).
Corporate Jargon
In business, motivar is often linked with productivity, incentives, and leadership development.
Another major arena for this word is sports and fitness. Coaches, personal trainers, and athletes use motivar to describe the psychological push needed to achieve physical excellence. A football coach in Spain or Latin America might give an impassioned speech in the locker room specifically designed to motivar a los jugadores before a big match.

El entrenador intentó motivar al equipo durante el descanso.

In gyms, personal trainers encourage their clients by saying things like ¡vamos, te quiero motivar! (come on, I want to motivate you!). The fitness culture heavily relies on this terminology to inspire consistency and effort.
Sports Context
Used to describe the emotional and psychological encouragement given to athletes to improve performance.
The educational sector is another massive domain for motivar. Teachers are trained in pedagogical methods aimed at keeping students engaged. You will frequently hear educators discussing how to motivar el aprendizaje (motivate learning) or motivar a los alumnos para que lean más (motivate students so that they read more).

El maestro usa juegos para motivar a los niños.

The challenge of student engagement is universal, making this verb a staple in parent-teacher conferences and academic literature. Beyond these institutional settings, motivar is a buzzword in the booming self-help and wellness industries. Podcasts on personal growth, YouTube videos about morning routines, and psychology blogs are saturated with this verb. Influencers talk about how to motivarse on days when you feel low energy.
Self-Help Culture
A central theme in modern wellness content, focusing on overcoming procrastination and achieving personal goals.

Escucho este podcast para motivar mi espíritu emprendedor.

Finally, in the legal and administrative realms, as mentioned previously, motivar takes on a more formal and rigid meaning: to provide the underlying reasons or legal justification for a decision. A government official must motivar una resolución (justify a resolution) so that the public understands the rationale behind the action.

El juez tiene que motivar su decisión por escrito.

This broad spectrum of usage—from the locker room to the courtroom—demonstrates why motivar is an indispensable part of the Spanish vocabulary.
Even though motivar is a straightforward regular verb, English speakers often stumble over its usage due to differences in sentence structure, prepositional requirements, and false assumptions about its meaning in specific contexts. One of the most frequent and glaring mistakes made by learners is the omission of the personal a when the direct object is a person. In English, you simply say I want to motivate John. Translating this word-for-word into Spanish results in Quiero motivar Juan, which is grammatically incorrect. You must include the preposition a to indicate that a person is receiving the action: Quiero motivar a Juan.

Es crucial motivar a los estudiantes cada día.

Another common area of confusion involves the prepositions used after motivar to connect it to an infinitive verb. English speakers often want to use por (for) because they think of motivating someone for something. However, the correct prepositions to use are a or para. For instance, motivar a alguien a hacer ejercicio or motivar a alguien para hacer ejercicio.
Incorrect Preposition
Avoid saying motivar por hacer. Use motivar a hacer or motivar para hacer instead.
Learners also struggle with the gustar-like construction of the verb. In English, we say I am motivated by the music. A direct, literal translation might lead a learner to say Estoy motivado por la música, which is grammatically acceptable as a passive voice construction but sounds somewhat formal and less natural in everyday speech. The much more natural and common way to express this in Spanish is to make the source of motivation the subject: Me motiva la música (The music motivates me).

A ella le suele motivar el trabajo en equipo.

Subject-Object Reversal
Remember that in me motiva el dinero, the money is doing the motivating, and me is receiving it.
A slightly more advanced mistake involves failing to use the subjunctive mood when the subject changes in a subordinate clause. If you want to say It motivates me that you work hard, you cannot use the indicative mood for the second verb. Me motiva que trabajas duro is incorrect. Because me motiva expresses emotion and a subjective reaction, the following verb must be in the subjunctive: Me motiva que trabajes duro.

Nos va a motivar que el proyecto tenga éxito.

Finally, learners sometimes confuse motivar with other verbs that convey emotion, such as emocionar (to excite/thrill) or animar (to cheer up/encourage). While animar is a close synonym, emocionar is more about creating an emotional reaction rather than a drive to take action.
Semantic Confusion
Do not use motivar when you simply mean that something made you emotional or happy without prompting action.

El líder sabe motivar sin presionar demasiado.

Intento motivar a mi perro con golosinas.

By being mindful of these common pitfalls—specifically the personal a, preposition choices, gustar structures, and the subjunctive mood—you can significantly elevate the accuracy and naturalness of your Spanish when discussing motivation.
The Spanish language is rich in vocabulary related to encouragement, inspiration, and driving action. While motivar is an excellent and widely applicable word, knowing its synonyms and related terms will allow you to express yourself with greater precision and variety. Expanding your vocabulary in this area helps you capture the exact flavor of encouragement you wish to convey, whether it is a gentle nudge, a financial incentive, or a profound spiritual inspiration. One of the most common alternatives to motivar is the verb animar. Animar translates to to encourage, to cheer up, or to liven up. While motivar often implies a specific goal or a psychological drive toward an objective, animar is slightly broader and more emotional.
Animar vs. Motivar
Use animar when you want to lift someone's spirits or encourage them generally. Use motivar when there is a specific task or goal to achieve.

Sus amigos intentaron motivar a Carlos para que estudiara.

Another excellent synonym is incentivar, which translates to to incentivize. This word is highly prevalent in business, economics, and politics. It carries a strong connotation of providing a tangible reward, usually financial or structural, to prompt a specific behavior.
Incentivar
Best used in professional contexts where rewards, bonuses, or systemic benefits are used to drive action.

El gobierno quiere motivar la inversión extranjera.

Estimular (to stimulate) is another related verb. It is often used in educational or developmental contexts, such as estimular el cerebro (stimulating the brain) or estimular el crecimiento (stimulating growth). It suggests a more physiological or cognitive awakening compared to the psychological drive of motivar. Impulsar (to propel, to drive forward) is a powerful alternative when you want to emphasize the force or momentum behind an action. It is frequently used in discussions about careers, projects, or social movements.
Impulsar
Conveys a physical or metaphorical push forward, often used for projects, economies, or careers.

La beca le va a motivar para terminar su tesis.

Alentar (to encourage, to breathe life into) is a more poetic and formal synonym. It shares roots with the word aliento (breath). It is often used in literature or formal speeches to describe a profound, sustained encouragement. Inspirar (to inspire) is perhaps the deepest of these alternatives. While motivar is about getting someone to do something, inspirar is about changing how someone feels or thinks on a fundamental level, often by serving as a role model.

Un buen líder sabe cómo motivar e inspirar a su gente.

Nada me logra motivar hoy.

By understanding the subtle differences between motivar, animar, incentivar, estimular, impulsar, alentar, and inspirar, you can choose the precise word that fits the context, thereby making your Spanish richer, more accurate, and far more expressive.
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수준별 예문

1

Yo quiero motivar a mi amigo.

I want to motivate my friend.

Infinitive verb after 'querer'.

2

El profesor motiva a la clase.

The teacher motivates the class.

Present tense, third person singular.

3

Me gusta motivar a mi equipo.

I like to motivate my team.

Infinitive after 'gustar'.

4

Tú motivas a tu hermano.

You motivate your brother.

Present tense, second person singular.

5

Necesito motivar a mi perro.

I need to motivate my dog.

Infinitive after 'necesitar'.

6

Ella motiva a sus hijos.

She motivates her children.

Personal 'a' used for people.

7

Vamos a motivar al grupo.

We are going to motivate the group.

Ir a + infinitive for future.

8

El juego motiva a los niños.

The game motivates the children.

Subject is a thing (el juego).

1

Me motiva mucho la música alegre.

Happy music motivates me a lot.

'Gustar'-like structure with 'me'.

2

¿Qué te motiva a estudiar español?

What motivates you to study Spanish?

Question structure with preposition 'a'.

3

El buen tiempo me motiva para salir.

Good weather motivates me to go out.

Preposition 'para' used for purpose.

4

Siempre intento motivar a mis compañeros.

I always try to motivate my classmates.

'Intentar' + infinitive.

5

Es difícil motivarse por la mañana.

It is hard to motivate oneself in the morning.

Reflexive infinitive 'motivarse'.

6

Mi jefe sabe cómo motivar al personal.

My boss knows how to motivate the staff.

'Saber cómo' + infinitive.

7

A Juan le motiva ganar dinero.

Earning money motivates Juan.

Indirect object pronoun 'le'.

8

Nos motiva viajar a otros países.

Traveling to other countries motivates us.

Infinitive verb acting as the subject.

1

Me motivó mucho el discurso del director.

The director's speech motivated me a lot.

Preterite tense for a completed past action.

2

Me motiva que la empresa ofrezca vacaciones.

It motivates me that the company offers vacations.

Subjunctive 'ofrezca' after 'me motiva que'.

3

Tienen que motivar más a los empleados.

They have to motivate the employees more.

'Tener que' for obligation.

4

Si me pagaran más, eso me motivaría.

If they paid me more, that would motivate me.

Conditional tense 'motivaría'.

5

Estaba buscando formas de motivarse.

He was looking for ways to motivate himself.

Past progressive with reflexive pronoun.

6

Es importante motivar a los jóvenes para que lean.

It is important to motivate young people so that they read.

'Para que' triggers the subjunctive 'lean'.

7

El premio la motivó a seguir escribiendo.

The prize motivated her to keep writing.

Direct object pronoun 'la'.

8

No sé qué hacer para motivar a mi hijo.

I don't know what to do to motivate my son.

Complex sentence structure with 'para'.

1

La falta de reconocimiento puede desmotivar, por lo que es vital motivar constantemente.

Lack of recognition can demotivate, which is why it's vital to motivate constantly.

Contrasting concepts in a compound sentence.

2

Se debe motivar a la población para que recicle más.

The population must be motivated so that they recycle more.

Impersonal 'se' construction.

3

Me habría motivado más si el proyecto fuera interesante.

It would have motivated me more if the project were interesting.

Conditional perfect with past subjunctive.

4

Buscan estrategias que motiven el aprendizaje autónomo.

They are looking for strategies that motivate autonomous learning.

Subjunctive in an adjective clause (unknown strategies).

5

El reto principal es motivar a un equipo que trabaja en remoto.

The main challenge is motivating a team that works remotely.

Infinitive as the subject complement.

6

Aunque intentaron motivarlo, él decidió renunciar.

Even though they tried to motivate him, he decided to quit.

Concessive clause with 'aunque'.

7

Es fundamental que los líderes sepan cómo motivar en tiempos de crisis.

It is fundamental that leaders know how to motivate in times of crisis.

Subjunctive 'sepan' after 'es fundamental que'.

8

El juez procedió a motivar su sentencia basándose en la ley.

The judge proceeded to justify his sentence based on the law.

Legal context meaning 'to justify'.

1

La intrínseca necesidad de superación es lo que realmente motiva al ser humano.

The intrinsic need for self-improvement is what truly motivates the human being.

Advanced vocabulary and abstract subject.

2

El tribunal está obligado a motivar adecuadamente sus resoluciones judiciales.

The court is obligated to adequately justify its judicial resolutions.

Formal administrative usage of the verb.

3

Resulta imperativo diseñar políticas públicas que motiven la inversión sostenible.

It is imperative to design public policies that motivate sustainable investment.

Subjunctive in a formal, professional context.

4

Lejos de motivarlo, la excesiva presión terminó por alienarlo completamente.

Far from motivating him, the excessive pressure ended up alienating him completely.

'Lejos de' + infinitive structure.

5

Para que una campaña publicitaria sea efectiva, debe motivar una respuesta emocional.

For an advertising campaign to be effective, it must motivate an emotional response.

Using 'motivar' to mean provoke or elicit.

6

El conferenciante logró motivar al auditorio recurriendo a anécdotas personales muy emotivas.

The speaker managed to motivate the audience by resorting to very emotional personal anecdotes.

Gerund 'recurriendo' explaining the method.

7

Si la gerencia hubiera sabido motivar al talento, no habrían sufrido tanta fuga de cerebros.

If management had known how to motivate talent, they wouldn't have suffered so much brain drain.

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