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A2 verb 12분 분량

گزارش دادن

gozaresh dadan
예시
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At the A1 beginner level, learning the Persian verb گزارش دادن (gozâresh dâdan) is an excellent introduction to the concept of compound verbs, which are the fundamental building blocks of the Persian verbal system. At this stage, learners focus on the most basic meaning of the word: 'to report' or 'to give a report'. The word is made up of two parts. The first part is 'gozâresh', which is a noun meaning 'report'. The second part is 'dâdan', which is a simple verb meaning 'to give'. When you put them together, you literally say 'to give a report'. For beginners, the most important task is to memorize the present and past stems of the verb 'dâdan', because 'gozâresh' never changes. The present stem of 'dâdan' is 'deh'. To say 'I report' or 'I am reporting', you say 'man gozâresh mi-dah-am'. The past stem is 'dâd'. To say 'I reported', you say 'man gozâresh dâd-am'. You will hear this word in very simple contexts, such as school or work. For example, a student might say they need to give a report to the teacher, or an employee might say they gave a report to the boss. It is a highly practical word that helps beginners start forming complete, meaningful sentences about their daily responsibilities and actions. Practicing this verb also helps reinforce the standard Persian sentence structure, where the subject comes first and the verb comes at the very end of the sentence. By mastering 'gozâresh dâdan', A1 learners take a significant step towards understanding how hundreds of other Persian compound verbs operate, making future vocabulary acquisition much easier and more intuitive.
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At the A2 elementary level, learners expand their understanding of گزارش دادن (gozâresh dâdan) by incorporating more complex grammatical structures and a wider variety of tenses. While A1 focuses on simple present and past, A2 introduces the crucial concept of the subjunctive mood, which is used extensively in Persian to express necessity, desire, or possibility. For instance, instead of just saying 'I report', an A2 learner can say 'I must report' (man bâyad gozâresh be-dah-am) or 'I want to report' (man mi-xâh-am gozâresh be-dah-am). Notice how the prefix 'mi-' changes to 'be-' in the subjunctive form. Additionally, A2 learners begin to navigate the use of prepositions with this verb. In English, you might say 'I reported the incident to the police'. In Persian, you learn to construct this using the preposition 'be' (to) for the recipient, and 'darbâre-ye' (about) for the subject matter. So, the sentence becomes 'man darbâre-ye hâdese be polis gozâresh dâdam'. Furthermore, A2 students learn how to properly use the direct object marker 'râ'. If you are talking about a specific report, you must separate the compound verb. For example, 'I gave THE report' becomes 'man gozâresh râ dâdam'. This level of detail allows learners to express much more specific and nuanced ideas, moving beyond basic memorization into actual functional communication in everyday scenarios, such as talking to a manager at work, explaining an event to an authority figure, or discussing news broadcasts. The verb becomes a versatile tool for storytelling and factual relay.
At the B1 intermediate level, the usage of گزارش دادن (gozâresh dâdan) becomes significantly more sophisticated, reflecting a learner's growing ability to handle abstract concepts and professional environments. At this stage, students are expected to use the verb fluidly across all tenses, including the present perfect (gozâresh dâde-am - I have reported) and past perfect (gozâresh dâde boodam - I had reported), which are essential for discussing timelines and sequences of events in a workplace or academic setting. B1 learners also start to engage with authentic Persian media, where this verb is ubiquitous. When watching the news, they will hear phrases like 'khabarnegar-e mâ az mahale hâdese gozâresh midahad' (our reporter is reporting from the scene of the incident). Understanding the passive voice is another critical B1 milestone. Sometimes, the person who gave the report is unknown or unimportant; what matters is that the report was given. The passive form in Persian uses the auxiliary verb 'shodan' (to become). Thus, 'the report was given' translates to 'gozâresh dâde shod'. This structure is heavily used in formal written Persian, such as in newspaper articles or official documents. Furthermore, B1 students learn to distinguish 'gozâresh dâdan' from its synonyms, such as 'khabar dâdan' (to inform) or 'e'lâm kardan' (to announce), understanding the subtle differences in formality and context. By mastering these advanced conjugations and syntactic variations, intermediate learners can confidently participate in business meetings, write formal emails, and comprehend standard journalistic prose without hesitation.
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At the B2 upper-intermediate level, learners are expected to wield گزارش دادن (gozâresh dâdan) with near-native fluency, integrating it seamlessly into complex, multi-clause sentences and highly formal registers. At this stage, the focus shifts from basic grammar to stylistic nuance and idiomatic usage. B2 speakers can easily navigate hypothetical situations using conditional sentences, such as 'agar gozâresh dâde boodi, in etefâgh nemioftâd' (if you had reported it, this would not have happened). They are also comfortable with nominalization, turning the verb back into a noun phrase to create sophisticated sentences, like 'dâdan-e gozâresh be modir elzâmi ast' (giving the report to the manager is mandatory). In professional and academic contexts, B2 learners use this verb to synthesize information, present research findings, and articulate detailed accounts of events. They understand the administrative and legal weight of the word; for example, 'gozâresh-e mâli' (financial report) or 'gozâresh-e pezeshki' (medical report) are not just casual updates but official documents. Consequently, the verb 'gozâresh dâdan' in these contexts implies a formal submission of facts. Furthermore, B2 students are adept at using compound prepositions and complex conjunctions alongside this verb to structure cohesive arguments and narratives. They can critique the way a news outlet 'reported' an event, discussing bias or accuracy, which requires a deep understanding of the language's cultural and political undertones. This level of mastery ensures that the learner can operate effectively in any Persian-speaking professional environment.
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At the C1 advanced level, the comprehension and application of گزارش دادن (gozâresh dâdan) transcend standard grammatical rules, entering the realm of advanced rhetoric, literary analysis, and specialized professional jargon. C1 learners possess the linguistic agility to use the verb in highly abstract and nuanced ways. They can detect subtle shifts in tone, recognizing when the verb is used assertively, defensively, or diplomatically in high-stakes environments such as political discourse, legal proceedings, or corporate negotiations. At this tier, learners are comfortable with the historical and etymological roots of the word. They understand that 'gozâresh' derives from the Middle Persian root 'guzârdan', which carried connotations of interpreting, fulfilling, or translating, giving the modern word a depth that goes beyond mere 'reporting' to imply a comprehensive interpretation or rendering of facts. C1 users can effortlessly deploy passive constructions, impersonal verbs, and complex subjunctive clauses to express delicate situations, such as 'tavagh-o miravad ke gozâresh-e mofassali dâde shavad' (it is expected that a detailed report be given). They are also capable of analyzing media critically, discussing how events are 'gozâresh dâde mishavand' (are being reported) to shape public opinion. The vocabulary surrounding the verb is rich and precise; they use collocations like 'gozâresh-e jâme' (comprehensive report), 'gozâresh-e mahramâne' (confidential report), or 'gozâresh-e amalkard' (performance report) with absolute accuracy. This profound command allows C1 speakers to write academic papers, draft official company policies, and engage in high-level intellectual debates with native speakers seamlessly.
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At the C2 mastery level, the learner's command of گزارش دادن (gozâresh dâdan) is indistinguishable from that of a highly educated native speaker. At this pinnacle of language proficiency, the verb is utilized not just for communication, but as an instrument of precise stylistic expression, rhetorical power, and cultural critique. C2 speakers navigate the most complex literary, academic, and socio-political texts where the concept of 'reporting' intertwines with themes of truth, censorship, and historical record. They can dissect the semantic evolution of 'gozâresh' from its classical poetic usage—where it might imply the interpretation of a dream or the unraveling of a mystery—to its modern, bureaucratic application. In contemporary discourse, a C2 user can manipulate the verb to convey irony, skepticism, or authoritative finality. They are acutely aware of the sociolinguistic implications of how a report is delivered, whether it is a 'gozâresh-e sâkhtegi' (fabricated report) or a 'gozâresh-e mostanad' (documented report). Their syntactic control is absolute; they can effortlessly invert sentence structures for emphasis, embed the verb within deeply nested clauses, and employ rare or archaic conjugations if the stylistic context demands it. Furthermore, they can engage in high-level philosophical or journalistic debates regarding the ethics of 'gozâresh dâdan', discussing the responsibilities of the media and the state. At this level, the language is no longer a barrier but a transparent medium through which complex, abstract thought is articulated with elegance, precision, and profound cultural resonance.
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예시
The Persian verb گزارش دادن (gozâresh dâdan) is a highly frequent and essential compound verb that translates directly to 'to report' or 'to give a report' in English. To fully comprehend its usage, we must first break down its components. The word is composed of two distinct parts: the noun گزارش (gozâresh), meaning 'report', 'account', or 'statement', and the simple verb دادن (dâdan), which means 'to give'. When combined, they form a compound verb that implies the act of delivering information, whether formally or informally, in written or spoken form. Understanding compound verbs is critical in Persian because they form the vast majority of the verbal vocabulary in the modern language. Instead of creating new simple verbs, Persian pairs nouns, adjectives, or prepositions with a limited set of 'light verbs'—in this case, دادن.
Etymological Root
The noun 'gozâresh' derives from the Middle Persian root 'guzârdan', which meant to fulfill, explain, or translate. Over time, it evolved to mean an explanatory account.
When do people actually use this word? The contexts are incredibly varied. In a professional environment, an employee might use this verb when submitting a weekly summary to their manager. In journalism, news anchors use it to describe the act of broadcasting events to the public. In everyday life, a student might use it when talking about presenting a book report to their class.

من باید فردا به مدیرم گزارش دادن را یادآوری کنم.

Furthermore, the verb can be used in both formal and informal registers. While the pronunciation might slightly shift in colloquial speech (for instance, the verb 'dâdan' might be shortened in its conjugated forms, like 'midam' instead of 'midaham'), the core compound remains the same.
Colloquial Usage
In spoken Persian, you will often hear 'gozâresh midam' instead of the formal 'gozâresh midaham'. This is standard practice in daily conversation.
It is also important to note the grammatical structure required when indicating the recipient of the report. In English, we say 'to report TO someone'. In Persian, this is mirrored exactly by using the preposition به (be), meaning 'to'. Therefore, the structure is 'be [person] gozâresh dâdan'.

او هر روز به رئیس گزارش می‌دهد.

Another crucial aspect is how to specify what the report is about. To say 'a report ABOUT something', Persian uses the preposition درباره (darbâre-ye) or در مورد (dar mored-e). Therefore, a complete, complex sentence might look like: 'I gave a report to the manager about the new project.'
Preposition Combinations
Combine 'be' (to) and 'darbâre-ye' (about) to create detailed and descriptive sentences with this verb.

پلیس درباره تصادف گزارش داد.

خبرنگار از محل حادثه گزارش می‌دهد.

ما باید تا فردا گزارش بدهیم.

In summary, mastering 'gozâresh dâdan' opens up a significant portion of communicative ability in Persian, allowing learners to navigate corporate, academic, and daily informative exchanges with native-like fluency and structural accuracy. The consistency of the compound verb system means that once you learn how to conjugate 'dâdan', you instantly know how to conjugate hundreds of other verbs.
Using گزارش دادن (gozâresh dâdan) correctly in sentences requires a solid understanding of Persian verb conjugation, sentence structure, and prepositional usage. As a compound verb, the syntax rules dictate that the non-verbal element (گزارش) generally stays close to the verbal element (دادن), though they can be separated by certain grammatical markers or in poetic phrasing. In standard prose and conversation, however, they remain a unit. Let us explore the conjugation across different tenses to see how the sentence structure adapts.
Present Simple/Continuous
To form the present tense, we use the present stem of 'dâdan', which is 'deh'. We add the prefix 'mi-' and the personal endings. Thus, 'I report' is 'gozâresh mi-dah-am'.
In a complete sentence, the subject comes first, followed by the time, the recipient, the topic, and finally the verb at the very end of the sentence. This Subject-Object-Verb (SOV) structure is the backbone of Persian syntax. For example: 'من هر هفته به معلمم گزارش می‌دهم' (Man har hafte be mo'allem-am gozâresh mi-dah-am), which translates to 'I give a report to my teacher every week.'

آنها در حال گزارش دادن به پلیس هستند.

Moving to the past tense, we use the past stem of 'dâdan', which is 'dâd'. The past simple is formed by simply adding personal endings to 'dâd' (except for the third person singular, which takes no ending). So, 'he reported' becomes 'gozâresh dâd'.
Past Simple
The past simple indicates a completed action. 'She gave the report yesterday' is 'Ou dirooz gozâresh dâd'.

دیروز اخبار مهمی را گزارش دادند.

When we want to express obligation or desire, we use the subjunctive mood. In Persian, the subjunctive is formed by adding the prefix 'be-' to the present stem. Therefore, 'dâdan' becomes 'bedaham', 'bedahi', 'bedahad', etc. If you want to say 'I must report', you use the modal verb 'bâyad' (must) followed by the subjunctive form of the compound verb: 'bâyad gozâresh bedaham'.

شما باید فورا گزارش بدهید.

Future Tense
The formal future tense uses the auxiliary 'xâstan' (to want). 'I will report' is 'gozâresh xâham dâd'. However, in everyday speech, the present simple is often used for future events.

فردا نتایج را گزارش خواهم داد.

لطفا به من گزارش بده.

One of the beautiful aspects of Persian grammar is the use of the direct object marker را (râ). If the report is specific (e.g., THE report), 'râ' must follow the noun 'gozâresh'. In this scenario, the compound verb is slightly split: 'gozâresh râ dâdam' (I gave the report). If it is a general, non-specific report, 'râ' is omitted: 'gozâresh dâdam' (I reported / I gave a report). This distinction is vital for achieving fluency and expressing exact meaning in Persian sentences.
The verb گزارش دادن (gozâresh dâdan) is ubiquitous in Persian-speaking societies, permeating various layers of daily life, professional environments, and media broadcasts. Understanding where and how this word is deployed provides learners with essential cultural and contextual competence. One of the most prominent places you will hear this word is in news media. Whether you are tuning into a television broadcast from Tehran, listening to a radio program in Kabul, or streaming Persian news online, journalists and anchors frequently use this verb.
Journalism Context
News anchors often say 'Khabarnegar-e mâ gozâresh midahad' (Our reporter reports) before cutting to a field correspondent.

همکارم از تهران گزارش می‌دهد.

Beyond the media, the corporate and administrative world relies heavily on this terminology. In any office setting in Iran, employees are expected to provide updates to their supervisors. The act of submitting a status update, a financial summary, or a project milestone is universally referred to using this verb.
Corporate Context
In business meetings, a manager might ask, 'Lotfan gozâresh bedahid' (Please give a report) to prompt an employee for an update.

من باید به مدیر عامل گزارش بدهم.

Another critical area is law enforcement and emergency services. If an individual witnesses a crime, an accident, or any suspicious activity, they are required to contact the authorities. The process of calling the police and detailing the event is described as 'reporting to the police' (be polis gozâresh dâdan).
Emergency Context
Citizens are often urged by public service announcements to report suspicious activities: 'Mavâred-e mashkook râ gozâresh dahid'.

شاهدان عینی ماجرا را به پلیس گزارش دادند.

Furthermore, the educational sector utilizes this verb extensively. Students from primary school to university level are tasked with writing and presenting reports. Whether it is a science experiment summary or a literature review, the action of submitting this work to the professor is encapsulated by this compound verb.

دانشجویان باید پروژه خود را گزارش دهند.

پزشک وضعیت بیمار را گزارش داد.

Lastly, in the medical field, nurses and doctors use this terminology during shift changes or when updating family members about a patient's status. The medical report (gozâresh-e pezeshki) is a vital document, and the act of delivering its contents is a serious responsibility. Across all these domains, the verb maintains its core meaning but adopts the gravity and tone of its environment, making it a truly versatile and indispensable tool in the Persian language.
When English speakers learn the Persian verb گزارش دادن (gozâresh dâdan), they often encounter a few specific grammatical and syntactical hurdles. Because Persian is an Indo-European language, there are comforting similarities, but the mechanics of compound verbs and prepositions can lead to persistent errors if not addressed early. The most frequent mistake involves the choice of the light verb. In Persian, many compound verbs are formed with کردن (kardan - to do/make). Because English speakers often think of 'making a report', they mistakenly say 'gozâresh kardan'.
Verb Choice Error
Never say 'gozâresh kardan'. The correct light verb is exclusively 'dâdan' (to give). You 'give' a report in Persian, you do not 'do' or 'make' it.

اشتباه: من گزارش کردم. درست: من گزارش دادم.

Another highly common mistake relates to prepositions, specifically how to indicate the recipient of the report. In English, we can say 'I reported him to the police' or 'I reported the incident'. English uses direct objects in a way that Persian does not always mirror. In Persian, you must give a report TO someone. You cannot use the direct object marker 'râ' for the person receiving the report. You must use the preposition به (be).
Preposition Error
Do not say 'Mudir râ gozâresh dâdam' (I reported the manager). Say 'Be mudir gozâresh dâdam' (I reported TO the manager).

من به پلیس گزارش دادم.

A third mistake involves the placement of the direct object marker را (râ) when a specific report is mentioned. If you are talking about 'the' report, 'râ' must directly follow the noun 'gozâresh', splitting the compound verb. Learners often put 'râ' at the very end of the sentence or omit it entirely.
Object Marker Placement
Correct: 'Gozâresh râ dâdam' (I gave THE report). Incorrect: 'Gozâresh dâdam râ'.

آیا آن گزارش را دادی؟

او هنوز گزارش نداده است.

ما هیچ چیزی برای گزارش دادن نداریم.

Finally, learners sometimes struggle with the negative form. To negate a compound verb, the negative prefix 'na-' or 'ne-' attaches to the verbal part, not the noun. Therefore, 'I did not report' is 'gozâresh na-dâd-am'. Placing the negative marker anywhere else is a grammatical error. By mastering these rules—using the correct light verb, employing proper prepositions, placing 'râ' accurately, and negating correctly—students will sound significantly more natural and proficient in Persian.
The Persian language is rich with vocabulary for communication, and while گزارش دادن (gozâresh dâdan) is the standard term for 'to report', there are several nuanced alternatives and similar words that native speakers use depending on the exact context, formality, and intent of the message. Expanding your vocabulary to include these synonyms will greatly enhance your reading comprehension and conversational agility. One of the most common alternatives is خبر دادن (khabar dâdan). This literally translates to 'to give news' and is used to mean 'to inform' or 'to let someone know'.
Khabar Dâdan vs. Gozâresh Dâdan
While 'gozâresh' implies a formal, structured account (like a written document or a detailed verbal summary), 'khabar' is simply passing on a piece of information or news. You 'khabar dâdan' to your friend that you will be late, but you 'gozâresh dâdan' to your boss about the quarterly sales.

من به او خبر دادم که نمی‌آیم.

Another formal alternative is اطلاع دادن (ettelâ' dâdan), which means 'to inform' or 'to notify'. This is highly formal and is often used in official correspondence, customer service announcements, or professional emails.
Ettelâ' Dâdan
Use this when the goal is purely notification rather than providing a comprehensive report. 'Please notify us of any changes' would use 'ettelâ' dâdan'.

لطفا تغییرات را به ما اطلاع دهید.

For broadcasting or official declarations, the verb اعلام کردن (e'lâm kardan) is frequently used. This means 'to announce' or 'to declare'. When a government reports a new law or a company reports its earnings publicly, they are 'announcing' it.
E'lâm Kardan
Notice that this uses the light verb 'kardan' (to do/make). It represents a public, one-way dissemination of facts, unlike a report which is usually submitted to a specific authority.

دولت نتایج را اعلام کرد.

او وقایع را برای من شرح داد.

رادیو وضعیت هوا را گزارش داد.

Finally, if the 'report' is more of a descriptive narrative, you might use شرح دادن (sharh dâdan), meaning 'to explain' or 'to describe in detail'. If a witness is asked to report what they saw, they are essentially being asked to 'sharh dâdan' the events. Understanding these subtle boundaries ensures precise and articulate expression in Persian.
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수준별 예문

1

من گزارش می‌دهم.

I report.

Present simple tense using the prefix 'mi-' and the stem 'deh'.

2

او گزارش داد.

He/She reported.

Past simple tense using the past stem 'dâd'.

3

ما گزارش می‌دهیم.

We report.

First person plural present tense.

4

آنها گزارش دادند.

They reported.

Third person plural past tense.

5

تو گزارش می‌دهی.

You report.

Second person singular present tense.

6

شما گزارش دادید.

You (plural/formal) reported.

Second person plural past tense.

7

من یک گزارش می‌دهم.

I give a report.

Using 'yek' (one/a) before the noun.

8

او به من گزارش داد.

He reported to me.

Using the preposition 'be' (to).

1

من باید به مدیر گزارش بدهم.

I must report to the manager.

Subjunctive mood after 'bâyad' (must).

2

دیروز به پلیس گزارش دادم.

I reported to the police yesterday.

Past tense with a time marker (dirooz).

3

او می‌خواهد گزارش بدهد.

He wants to report.

Subjunctive mood after 'mi-xâhad' (wants).

4

ما فردا گزارش خواهیم داد.

We will report tomorrow.

Formal future tense using 'xâstan'.

5

آیا شما گزارش دادید؟

Did you report?

Interrogative sentence structure.

6

من گزارش را خواندم و گزارش دادم.

I read the report and I reported.

Compound sentence with two verbs.

7

آنها درباره تصادف گزارش دادند.

They reported about the accident.

Using 'darbâre-ye' (about).

8

من هنوز گزارش نداده‌ام.

I have not reported yet.

Present perfect negative tense.

1

خبرنگار از محل حادثه گزارش می‌دهد.

The reporter is reporting from the scene of the incident.

Using prepositions of place ('az' - from).

2

گزارش دادن به موقع بسیار مهم است.

Reporting on time is very important.

Using the infinitive as a noun phrase (gerund).

3

اگر مشکل را دیدی، فورا گزارش بده.

If you see the problem, report it immediately.

Conditional sentence with imperative verb.

4

گزارش دیروز به مدیر داده شد.

The report was given to the manager yesterday.

Passive voice using 'dâde shod'.

5

من در حال گزارش دادن به تیم هستم.

I am in the process of reporting to the team.

Present continuous using 'dar hâl-e'.

6

او به خاطر گزارش دادن تشویق شد.

He was praised for reporting.

Using 'be xâter-e' (because of/for).

7

ما باید تا پایان هفته گزارش بدهیم.

We must report by the end of the week.

Time expressions with 'tâ' (until/by).

8

آنها پیش از ترک اداره گزارش داده بودند.

They had reported before leaving the office.

Past perfect tense (dâde boodand).

1

با وجود مشکلات، او گزارش دقیقی داد.

Despite the problems, he gave an accurate report.

Using complex conjunctions ('bâ vojood-e').

2

گزارش دادن تخلفات وظیفه هر شهروند است.

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