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B1 adjective #7,000 가장 일반적인 10분 분량

شبگرد

shab-gard 상위 7,000

연습하기 예시 노트와 팁 شبگرد 30초 만에

설명 شبگرد in your Level:

At the A1 level, you can think of 'shabgard' as a word for animals that don't sleep at night. Just remember: 'shab' means night. If you see a cat or an owl at night, they are 'shabgard.' You don't need to worry about the historical meanings yet. Just use it as a simple description for animals. For example: 'The owl is shabgard.' This is a good way to start using compound words in Persian, which are very common. You are combining two simple ideas into one new word. It is like 'night' + 'walker.' Even at this early stage, knowing this word helps you describe the world around you in a more interesting way than just saying 'it is night.'

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At the A2 level, you should start using 'shabgard' as an adjective with the Ezafe. You can say 'heyvân-e shabgard' (nocturnal animal). You are learning that many Persian words are made of a noun and a part of a verb. Here, 'gard' comes from 'gashtan' (to walk/wander). This will help you understand other words later like 'jahangard' (tourist). You can also use it to describe a person who likes to stay up late, but keep it simple. 'My friend is a shabgard.' You might also see it in simple stories about the woods or the city at night. It's a useful word for basic descriptions of habits and nature.

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At the B1 level, you are expected to understand the nuance between 'shabgard' and other similar words. You should know that 'shabgard' implies movement or wandering, while 'shab-zendeh-dar' is more about staying awake for a purpose like studying. You can use 'shabgard' in more complex sentences, such as 'Because of the heat, some animals have become shabgard.' You should also be aware that 'Shabgard' is the name of a specific bird (the Nightjar). At this level, you can start using the word in your writing to add a bit of 'flavor' or poetic feel to your descriptions of the night. You understand that it can be both a noun (a person) and an adjective (a trait).

At the B2 level, you can use 'shabgard' metaphorically. You might describe a 'shabgard' lifestyle or use it in a discussion about urban safety and the history of 'shabgards' as night watchmen. You are comfortable using the word in various registers, from a biological discussion about 'nocturnal adaptation' to a literary analysis of a poem. You should be able to explain the etymology of the word to others, noting the present stem 'gard.' Your sentences should be more complex, perhaps discussing the sociological impact of the 'shabgard' in ancient Persian cities versus modern security systems. You also recognize the word in song lyrics and understand the emotional weight it carries.

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At the C1 level, you have a deep appreciation for the poetic and historical layers of 'shabgard.' You can identify it in classical texts and understand how its meaning has shifted over centuries. You might use it to describe a character in a noir novel or a specific atmosphere in a piece of travel writing. You are aware of its synonyms like 'shab-row' and can choose the exact right word for the context. You can use the word to discuss abstract concepts, like 'the shabgard spirit of the city.' Your mastery of the Ezafe and compound word structures is perfect, and you can use 'shabgard' as a springboard to discuss Persian morphology and the history of Iranian urbanism.

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At the C2 level, you use 'shabgard' with the precision of a native scholar. You can discuss the word's appearance in the works of great poets like Nezami or Rumi, where the 'shabgard' might symbolize the soul searching for the divine in the darkness of the world. You understand the most obscure uses of the word, including its role in specific dialects or archaic administrative titles. You can write an essay on the 'nocturnal economy' using 'shabgard' as a central theme. You are also sensitive to the subtle differences in tone when the word is used in modern Persian cinema versus traditional folklore. The word is no longer just a vocabulary item; it is a cultural anchor in your linguistic repertoire.

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연습하기 예시 노트와 팁

شبگرد 30초 만에

Shabgard means 'night-wanderer' or 'nocturnal.'
It describes animals active at night or people who roam late.
Historically, it was the title for a city's night watchman.
It is a compound of 'shab' (night) and 'gard' (wanderer).

The Persian word شبگرد (pronounced /ʃæbɡærd/) is a fascinating compound noun and adjective that literally translates to 'night-wanderer.' Formed by combining shab (night) and the present stem of gashtan (to turn, wander, or patrol), it carries a rich history ranging from ancient security roles to modern biological classifications. In contemporary Persian, it primarily describes creatures or individuals who are active, roaming, or working during the nocturnal hours. Understanding this word requires looking at its two primary facets: the literal biological sense and the more evocative, historical, or social sense.

Biological Context: In the realm of science and nature, شبگرد is the standard term for 'nocturnal.' If you are watching a documentary about owls, bats, or leopards, you will frequently hear them described as animals that are shabgard. It implies a natural predisposition to hunting and movement after the sun sets.
Historical and Security Context: Historically, before modern police forces, Iranian cities had shabgards—night watchmen who patrolled the alleys to prevent theft and fire. This role was vital for the safety of the community, and the word still carries a hint of this 'guardian of the night' connotation in literature.
Modern Social Context: Today, calling someone a shabgard might imply they are a 'night owl' or someone who enjoys wandering the city streets late at night. It is less about the piety associated with staying up for prayer (which would be shab-zendeh-dar) and more about the physical act of being out and about in the dark.

The word evokes a sense of mystery and solitude. When you use شبگرد, you are not just saying someone is awake; you are saying they are moving through the shadows. It is a word often found in the lyrics of Persian 'Alternative' or 'Rock' music, symbolizing a person who feels more at home in the quiet, deserted streets of Tehran at 3:00 AM than in the bustling chaos of the day.

جغد یک پرنده شبگرد است که در تاریکی شکار می‌کند.

Translation: The owl is a nocturnal bird that hunts in the darkness.

Furthermore, the word has a poetic weight. In classical Persian poetry, the night is a time for lovers, thieves, and the spiritually enlightened. While a thief might be a shabgard in a derogatory sense, a lover wandering under the beloved's window is also a shabgard in a romantic sense. This duality makes the word versatile across different registers of the language, from the biological textbook to the melancholic pop song.

Using شبگرد correctly depends on whether you are using it as an adjective to describe a noun or as a noun itself to label a person or animal. In Persian grammar, when it functions as an adjective, it typically follows the noun it modifies, connected by the Ezafe (the short 'e' sound).

As an Adjective: When describing animals, you would say heyvân-e shabgard (nocturnal animal). Here, shabgard provides the specific characteristic of the animal's behavior. It is essential for B1 learners to remember the Ezafe linkage here.
As a Noun: If you say Ou yek shabgard ast (He is a night-wanderer), you are using it as a noun. This is common in literary contexts or when describing someone's lifestyle. It can also refer to a specific species of bird in Persian called the 'Nightjar'.

One common sentence pattern involves the verb budan (to be). For example: 'This cat is nocturnal' becomes In gorbe shabgard ast. Note that when it is the predicate of the sentence, the Ezafe is not used. Another frequent use is in the plural form shabgardân (night-wanderers), often used in historical novels to describe the city watchmen of old Isfahan or Shiraz.

بسیاری از پستانداران بیابان، موجوداتی شبگرد هستند تا از گرمای روز در امان بمانند.

Translation: Many desert mammals are nocturnal creatures to stay safe from the heat of the day.

In more advanced usage, you might see it used metaphorically. For instance, a poet might describe their 'night-wandering thoughts' (afkâr-e shabgard). This implies thoughts that only come to life or roam the mind when the world is quiet. This level of usage is common in C1 and C2 levels but is good for B1 students to recognize.

When talking about the 'Nightjar' bird, the word is used as a proper noun. For example, 'The Nightjar has a very unique call' would be Shabgard âvâ-ye besyâr khâsi dârad. In this context, it is not an adjective but the name of the bird itself. Learners should distinguish between 'a nocturnal bird' (perandeye shabgard) and 'The Nightjar' (Shabgard) based on the context of the sentence.

If you are living in an Iranian city or consuming Persian media, you will encounter شبگرد in several specific environments. While it might not be as common as 'night' or 'sleep,' it is a staple of specific genres and conversations.

Nature Documentaries and Education: This is perhaps the most frequent place to hear the word today. Dubbed National Geographic or BBC Earth programs in Persian use shabgard to translate 'nocturnal.' If you are a student of biology in Iran, this is a technical term you must know.
Literature and Classical Music: Persian poetry is obsessed with the night. You will hear shabgard in 'Tasnihs' (traditional songs) and 'Ghazals.' It often refers to the lover who cannot sleep and wanders the streets in a state of 'firaq' (separation). Singers like Mohammad-Reza Shajarian or Homayoun Shajarian might use this imagery.
Modern Urban Slang and Youth Culture: Among the youth in Tehran, particularly those who enjoy 'dour-dour' (driving around aimlessly) at night, shabgard can be a self-appointed title. It describes someone who finds the city more beautiful when the traffic has died down and the neon lights are the only guide.

صدای شبگرد در سکوت باغ می‌پیچید.

Translation: The sound of the Nightjar (or night-wanderer) echoed in the silence of the garden.

You might also see this word in the titles of movies or books. There is a famous Iranian film noir vibe associated with the 'night wanderer' archetype—the lone individual witnessing the secrets of the city. In news reports, if there is a discussion about nocturnal crimes or night-time security patrols, the term shabgard or its plural shabgardân might be used to describe those on duty.

Finally, in the digital age, you might find 'Shabgard' as a username or a title for a podcast that discusses deep, late-night topics. It has become a brand for anything that happens 'after hours.' Whether you are reading a biology textbook or listening to a melancholic ballad, shabgard is the bridge between the scientific and the soulful aspects of the night.

While شبگرد is a straightforward word, learners often confuse it with other 'night-related' terms in Persian. Understanding these nuances will help you sound more like a native speaker and avoid awkward social or academic errors.

Confusing with 'Shab-zendeh-dar' (شب‌زنده‌دار): This is the most common mistake. Shab-zendeh-dar literally means 'one who keeps the night alive.' It is used for someone who stays awake for spiritual reasons, prayer, or study. Shabgard implies wandering or being active/roaming. Don't call a monk a shabgard unless he is actually walking around outside!
Misusing the Ezafe: Learners often forget to add the 'e' sound when using shabgard as an adjective. It's parandeye shabgard (nocturnal bird), not parande shabgard. Conversely, they might add an Ezafe when it's the subject of the sentence, which is also incorrect.
Literal vs. Metaphorical: Avoid using shabgard to simply mean 'someone who is late.' If a friend arrives at a party at 11 PM, they aren't necessarily a shabgard. The word implies a habit or a characteristic of being active during the night hours consistently.

اشتباه: او برای دعا شبگرد بود. (درست: شب‌زنده‌دار)

Translation: Mistake: He was a 'shabgard' for prayer. (Correct: 'shab-zendeh-dar')

Another mistake is confusing it with shab-row (night-traveler). While similar, shab-row usually refers to someone traveling a long distance at night to reach a destination, whereas shabgard implies roaming or patrolling within a specific area. It's the difference between a commuter and a wanderer.

Lastly, some learners try to use it as a verb. Persian doesn't have a single-word verb for 'to wander at night' based on this root. You must use the noun/adjective with a helper verb like budan (to be) or gashtan (to wander). Saying 'I shabgarded' is not possible; you must say 'I was a shabgard' or 'I went for a night-walk' (shab-gardi kardam).

To truly master شبگرد, you should know its synonyms and how they differ in 'register' (formality) and 'nuance.' Persian is a language of subtle distinctions, and choosing the right 'night' word can change the entire mood of your sentence.

شب‌زنده‌دار (Shab-zendeh-dar): Meaning: Night-owl / Pious night-watcher.
Difference: Focuses on the state of being awake and 'alive' at night, often for study or worship. It is more static than shabgard, which implies movement.
پاسبانِ شب (Pâsebân-e Shab): Meaning: Night Guard.
Difference: This is much more formal and specific to a job. A shabgard might be a guard, but a pâsebân is definitely a guard with official duties.
شب‌بیدار (Shab-bidâr): Meaning: Awake at night.
Difference: A very simple, literal term. It doesn't have the poetic or biological weight of shabgard. It just means the person isn't sleeping.
خفاش‌منش (Khofâsh-manesh): Meaning: Bat-like.
Difference: A literary and somewhat derogatory term for someone who hates the light or only comes out at night for nefarious reasons.

او به جای خوابیدن، یک شب‌بیدارِ واقعی است، اما جغد یک موجود شبگرد است.

Translation: Instead of sleeping, he is a real 'night-stayer-awake', but the owl is a 'nocturnal' creature.

In scientific contexts, you might also see the term fa'âl dar shab (active at night). This is a more clinical, descriptive phrase used in academic papers where the poetic connotations of shabgard might be out of place. However, for general B1-C2 communication, shabgard remains the most natural and versatile choice.

Comparing shabgard with its antonyms like rûz-gard (day-wanderer - though rarely used) or rûz-fa'âl (diurnal) helps solidify the meaning. In Persian, we often define things by what they are not. A shabgard is the opposite of the 'early bird' who thrives in the morning light. By learning these related terms, you build a semantic web that makes the word shabgard much easier to recall during conversation.

How Formal Is It?

재미있는 사실

The suffix '-gard' is cognate with the English word 'worth' (in the sense of 'becoming' or 'turning into') and the German 'werden.' It shows the deep linguistic connection between Persian and European languages.

발음 가이드

UK /ʃæb.ɡærd/

US /ʃæb.ɡærd/

The stress is typically on the second syllable: shab-GARD.

라임이 맞는 단어

ولگرد (velgard - vagabond) شاگرد (shâgerd - student) عقب‌گرد (aghab-gard - u-turn) برگرد (bargard - come back) درد (dard - pain) مرد (mard - man) زرد (zard - yellow) سرد (sard - cold)

자주 하는 실수

Pronouncing 'gard' like 'gourd' (wrong vowel).
Putting the stress on the first syllable.
Over-emphasizing the 'r' like an American 'r'.
Mixing it up with 'shâ-gerd' (student).
Forgetting the short 'a' sound in both syllables.

난이도

독해 3/5

Easy to recognize if you know 'shab' (night) and 'gard' (turn).

쓰기 4/5

Requires correct spelling of the 'g' and 'd' and understanding compound structure.

말하기 3/5

Pronunciation is straightforward with no difficult Persian sounds like 'gh' or 'kh'.

듣기 3/5

Can be confused with 'shâgerd' (student) if the speaker is fast.

다음에 무엇을 배울까

선수 학습

شب (night) گشتن (to wander/turn) حیوان (animal) بیدار (awake) خواب (sleep)

다음에 배울 것

جهانگرد (tourist) ولگرد (vagabond) شب‌زنده‌دار (night-owl) روزگرد (diurnal) غروب (sunset)

고급

تکامل (evolution) اکوسیستم (ecosystem) پاسبان (guard) انزوا (isolation) اسرار (secrets)

알아야 할 문법

Compound Nouns (Noun + Present Stem)

شب (Night) + گرد (Stem of wander) = شبگرد

Ezafe Construction for Adjectives

حیوانِ شبگرد (Nocturnal animal)

Pluralization of Human Nouns with -ân

شبگرد -> شبگردان (Night watchmen)

Adverb Formation with -âne

شبگردانه (Nocturnally/Like a night-wanderer)

Predicate Adjective Agreement

آنها شبگرد هستند (They are nocturnal - adjective doesn't change for plural in predicate position if referring to a trait).

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수준별 예문

جغد یک پرنده شبگرد است.

The owl is a nocturnal bird.

Simple adjective use after the noun.

گربه من شبگرد است.

My cat is a night-wanderer.

Predicate adjective with 'ast'.

آیا تو شبگرد هستی؟

Are you a night-owl?

Question form with 'hasti'.

او شبگرد را دوست دارد.

He likes the night-wanderer (bird).

Direct object with 'râ'.

شبگرد در شب بیدار است.

The night-wanderer is awake at night.

Subject of the sentence.

این حیوان شبگرد است.

This animal is nocturnal.

Demonstrative 'in' + noun.

آنها شبگرد هستند.

They are night-wanderers.

Plural verb 'hastand'.

شبگرد زیبا است.

The night-wanderer is beautiful.

Simple description.

بسیاری از حیوانات جنگل شبگرد هستند.

Many forest animals are nocturnal.

Plural subject with plural verb.

من یک دوست شبگرد دارم که شب‌ها کار می‌کند.

I have a night-owl friend who works at nights.

Relative clause starting with 'ke'.

صدای پرنده شبگرد را شنیدی؟

Did you hear the sound of the nocturnal bird?

Ezafe connecting 'sedâ' and 'parande'.

او مثل یک شبگرد در خیابان راه می‌رود.

He walks in the street like a night-wanderer.

Simile using 'mesl-e'.

در قدیم، شبگردها از شهر محافظت می‌کردند.

In the past, night watchmen protected the city.

Historical plural '-hâ'.

خفاش یک موجود شبگرد واقعی است.

The bat is a real nocturnal creature.

Use of 'vâghe'i' (real) as an intensifier.

چرا تو اینقدر شبگرد شده‌ای؟

Why have you become such a night-owl?

Present perfect 'shode-i'.

ما دنبال یک حیوان شبگرد می‌گردیم.

We are looking for a nocturnal animal.

Verb 'gashtan' meaning 'to look for'.

برخی از گیاهان فقط برای حشرات شبگرد گل می‌دهند.

Some plants only bloom for nocturnal insects.

Preposition 'barâye' (for).

او ترجیح می‌دهد به عنوان یک شبگرد در سکوت بنویسد.

He prefers to write in silence as a night-owl.

Infinitive 'neveshtan' after 'tarjih midahad'.

در این منطقه، پرنده شبگرد به ندرت دیده می‌شود.

In this area, the Nightjar is rarely seen.

Passive voice 'dide mishavad'.

زندگی شبگردانه برای سلامتی او مضر است.

A nocturnal lifestyle is harmful to his health.

Adverbial/Adjectival form 'shabgardâne'.

او با دوربین دید در شب، موجودات شبگرد را تماشا کرد.

He watched nocturnal creatures with night-vision binoculars.

Compound noun 'did-dar-shab'.

شاعر خود را یک شبگرد تنها در کوچه های تاریخ می‌دانست.

The poet considered himself a lonely night-wanderer in the alleys of history.

Reflexive 'khod râ'.

آیا می‌دانستی که پلنگ‌ها عمدتاً شبگرد هستند؟

Did you know that leopards are mainly nocturnal?

Adverb 'omdatan' (mainly).

او کتابی درباره خاطرات یک شبگرد قدیمی نوشته است.

He has written a book about the memories of an old night watchman.

Present perfect 'neveshte ast'.

انطباق‌پذیری موجودات شبگرد با تاریکی شگفت‌انگیز است.

The adaptability of nocturnal creatures to darkness is amazing.

Complex noun phrase as subject.

او در رمان جدیدش، شهر را از نگاه یک شبگرد توصیف می‌کند.

In his new novel, he describes the city from the perspective of a night-wanderer.

Prepositional phrase 'az negâh-e'.

شغل او به گونه‌ای است که باید مانند یک شبگرد بیدار بماند.

His job is such that he must stay awake like a night watchman.

Subjunctive 'bidâr bemânad'.

فرهنگ شبگردی در کلان‌شهرهایی مثل تهران در حال گسترش است.

The culture of night-wandering is expanding in metropolises like Tehran.

Gerund 'shab-gardi'.

او مدعی است که الهام هنری‌اش را در ساعات شبگردی می‌یابد.

He claims that he finds his artistic inspiration during night-wandering hours.

Possessive suffix '-ash'.

برخلاف حیوانات روزگرد، شبگردها حس بویایی قوی‌تری دارند.

Unlike diurnal animals, nocturnal ones have a stronger sense of smell.

Comparative 'ghavi-tar'.

این فیلم روایتی تلخ از زندگی یک شبگرد در حاشیه شهر است.

This film is a bitter narrative of the life of a night-wanderer on the outskirts of the city.

Abstract noun 'revâyat'.

او همواره با لحنی ستایش‌آمیز از شبگردان تاریخ یاد می‌کرد.

He always remembered the night watchmen of history with a praising tone.

Adverbial phrase 'bâ lahni setâyesh-âmiz'.

در متون کلاسیک، شبگرد غالباً نمادی از مراقبت و هوشیاری است.

In classical texts, the 'shabgard' is often a symbol of care and vigilance.

Formal adverb 'ghâleban'.

پدیده شبگردی در حیات وحش، راهکاری برای بقا در اکوسیستم‌های خشک است.

The phenomenon of nocturnality in wildlife is a survival strategy in arid ecosystems.

Scientific terminology 'rahkâri barâye baghâ'.

نویسنده با ظرافت، تنهاییِ شبگرد را به انزوای انسان معاصر پیوند می‌زند.

The author delicately links the loneliness of the night-wanderer to the isolation of contemporary man.

Transitive verb 'peyvand mizanad'.

موسیقی او بازتابی از پرسه زدن‌های شبگردانه در خیابان‌های مه آلود است.

His music is a reflection of nocturnal prowling in foggy streets.

Plural gerund 'parse-zadan-hâ'.

بررسی ریشه‌شناختی واژه شبگرد ما را به ساختارهای پهلوی رهنمون می‌شود.

An etymological study of the word 'shabgard' leads us to Pahlavi structures.

Formal verb 'rahnemun shodan'.

او در جستار خود، تقابل میان شبگرد و جامعه خفته را تحلیل می‌کند.

In his essay, he analyzes the contrast between the night-wanderer and the sleeping society.

Noun 'taghâbol' (contrast/opposition).

نورپردازی فیلم به گونه‌ای است که حس و حال یک موجود شبگرد را القا می‌کند.

The film's lighting is such that it conveys the mood of a nocturnal creature.

Verb 'elghâ kardan' (to convey/induce).

حیوانات شبگرد برای جهت‌یابی از مکانیسم‌های پیچیده بیولوژیکی بهره می‌برند.

Nocturnal animals utilize complex biological mechanisms for navigation.

Formal verb 'bahre bordan' (to utilize).

استعاره شبگرد در شعر صوفیانه، کنایه از سالکی است که در ظلمتِ نفس به دنبال نور حقیقت می‌گردد.

The metaphor of the 'shabgard' in Sufi poetry alludes to a seeker searching for the light of truth in the darkness of the self.

Highly formal and metaphorical language.

تقلیل معنایی واژه شبگرد از یک نهاد امنیتی به یک صفت بیولوژیکی، سیر تحول زبانی جالبی را نشان می‌دهد.

The semantic reduction of the word 'shabgard' from a security institution to a biological adjective shows an interesting linguistic evolution.

Academic terms like 'taghlil-e ma'nâyi' and 'seyr-e tahavvol'.

او با رویکردی پدیدارشناسانه، تجربه زیسته یک شبگرد را در فضای شهری واکاوی می‌کند.

With a phenomenological approach, he explores the lived experience of a night-wanderer in the urban space.

Advanced vocabulary 'vâkâvi kardan' (to explore/analyze).

در درام‌های کلاسیک ایرانی، شبگرد غالباً در نقش دانای کلی ظاهر می‌شود که از اسرار مگو پرده برمی‌دارد.

In classical Iranian dramas, the 'shabgard' often appears in the role of an omniscient narrator who reveals hidden secrets.

Idiomatic expression 'parde bar-dâshtan' (to reveal).

پیچیدگی‌های فیزیولوژیک چشم در گونه‌های شبگرد، گواهی بر قدرت تکامل در انطباق با محیط است.

The physiological complexities of the eye in nocturnal species attest to the power of evolution in environmental adaptation.

Formal structure 'gavâhi bar ... ast'.

شخصیت اصلی داستان، میان هویت روزانه و میل شبگردانه‌اش به گمنامی در تضاد است.

The protagonist is in conflict between his daytime identity and his nocturnal desire for anonymity.

Noun 'tazâd' (conflict).

گویش‌های محلی ایران، نام‌های متنوعی برای پرنده شبگرد دارند که ریشه در باورهای عامیانه دارد.

Local dialects of Iran have various names for the Nightjar bird, rooted in folk beliefs.

Relative clause 'ke rishe dar ... dârad'.

تأثیر متقابل آلودگی نوری بر الگوهای رفتاری حشرات شبگرد، موضوعی حیاتی در اکولوژی نوین است.

The reciprocal effect of light pollution on the behavioral patterns of nocturnal insects is a vital topic in modern ecology.

Technical phrase 'olgu-hâ-ye raftâri'.

자주 쓰는 조합

حیوان شبگرد

پرنده شبگرد

موجودات شبگرد

زندگی شبگردانه

شبگرد تنها

حشرات شبگرد

عادات شبگردی

شبگرد قدیمی

صدای شبگرد

چشمان شبگرد

자주 쓰는 구문

شبگردی در شهر

— Wandering the city at night. Often used for exploring nightlife.

شبگردی در شهر تهران لذت‌بخش است.

خوی شبگردی

— A nocturnal nature or habit. Having a personality that prefers the night.

او خوی شبگردی دارد و صبح‌ها می‌خوابد.

آواز شبگرد

— The song of the Nightjar bird. Often mentioned in nature descriptions.

آواز شبگرد سکوت شب را شکست.

شبگردِ کوچه‌ها

— The wanderer of the alleys. A poetic way to describe a lonely person.

او شبگردِ کوچه‌های قدیمی بود.

مرغ شبگرد

— Another name for the Nightjar bird. Literally 'night-wandering bird'.

مرغ شبگرد روی شاخه نشست.

نگهبان شبگرد

— A patrolling night guard. Combines the modern and old meanings.

نگهبان شبگرد کارش را شروع کرد.

افکار شبگرد

— Thoughts that come at night. Metaphorical use for late-night reflection.

افکار شبگرد اجازه نمی‌داد بخوابم.

تنهایی شبگرد

— The loneliness of the night-wanderer. A common literary theme.

او با تنهایی شبگرد آشنا بود.

چراغ شبگرد

— The lantern of the night watchman. Symbol of guidance in the dark.

چراغ شبگرد از دور پیدا بود.

مسیر شبگرد

— The path taken by a night wanderer. Can be literal or metaphorical.

او مسیر شبگرد را دنبال کرد.

자주 혼동되는 단어

شبگرد vs شاگرد (Shâgerd)

Means 'student.' The difference is the 'â' sound and the 'shab' (night) vs 'shâ' prefix.

شبگرد vs شب‌زنده‌دار (Shab-zendeh-dar)

Means 'night-owl' for study/prayer. Shabgard implies roaming/patrolling.

شبگرد vs ولگرد (Velgard)

Means 'vagabond' or 'loiterer.' It has a negative connotation, whereas shabgard is often neutral or poetic.

관용어 및 표현

"مثل شبگرد بیدار بودن"

— To be wide awake and active at night like a watchman.

او تمام شب را مثل شبگرد بیدار بود.

Informal

"شبگردِ عالمِ خیال"

— A wanderer in the world of imagination at night.

نویسنده، شبگردِ عالمِ خیال است.

Poetic

"چشمِ شبگرد داشتن"

— To have eyes that see well in the dark or are always looking.

دزدها چشمِ شبگرد دارند.

Colloquial

"شبگردی کردن"

— To go out and roam the streets at night for fun.

جوانان در تعطیلات شبگردی می‌کنند.

Neutral

"صدای شبگرد در گلو داشتن"

— To have a voice that sounds like the Nightjar (melancholic or unique).

خواننده صدای شبگرد در گلو داشت.

Literary

"همدمِ شبگرد"

— Being a companion to the night-wanderer (often referring to the moon).

ماه، همدمِ شبگردِ تنها بود.

Poetic

"شبگردِ بی‌چراغ"

— A night wanderer without a lantern (someone lost or in danger).

او در زندگی یک شبگردِ بی‌چراغ بود.

Metaphorical

"خوابِ شبگرد"

— Light or interrupted sleep (like a guard who must stay alert).

مادرها خوابِ شبگرد دارند.

Colloquial

"شبگردِ شهرِ کوران"

— A night wanderer in a city of the blind (someone who sees the truth when others don't).

روشنفکر، شبگردِ شهرِ کوران است.

Philosophical

"پا به پای شبگرد"

— To keep pace with the night (to stay up as long as the night lasts).

او پا به پای شبگرد بیدار ماند.

Poetic

혼동하기 쉬운

شبگرد vs شب‌رو (Shab-row)

Both involve moving at night.

Shab-row is a traveler going from A to B at night. Shabgard is a wanderer or patroller within an area.

کاروان شب‌رو بود، اما پاسبان شبگرد بود.

شبگرد vs پاسبان (Pâsebân)

Both can mean guard.

Pâsebân is a general term for a guard. Shabgard is specifically a night watchman (historically) or a nocturnal being.

پاسبان در روز هم کار می‌کند، اما شبگرد فقط در شب.

شبگرد vs خفاش (Khofâsh)

Both associated with night.

Khofâsh is the noun for 'bat.' Shabgard is the adjective describing the bat's behavior.

خفاش یک حیوان شبگرد است.

شبگرد vs سحرخیز (Saharkhiz)

Opposite meanings.

Saharkhiz is someone who wakes up early. Shabgard is someone active late at night.

پدرم سحرخیز است ولی من شبگردم.

شبگرد vs بیدار (Bidâr)

Both involve not sleeping.

Bidâr just means 'awake.' Shabgard means 'awake and moving/active' specifically during the night.

او بیدار بود ولی شبگرد نبود.

문장 패턴

[Animal] [shabgard] ast.

جغد شبگرد است.

[Noun]-e [shabgard] râ [verb].

حیوان شبگرد را دیدم.

Be dalil-e [reason], [noun] shabgard shode ast.

به دلیل گرما، این موش شبگرد شده است.

Mesl-e yek shabgard, [activity] mikonad.

مثل یک شبگرد، در خیابان پرسه می‌زند.

Dar [context], shabgard namâd-e [concept] ast.

در ادبیات، شبگرد نماد تنهایی است.

Vâkâvi-ye [concept] az manzare-ye yek shabgard...

واکاوی شهر از منظر یک شبگرد...

Âyâ [noun] heyvân-e shabgard ast?

آیا پلنگ حیوان شبگرد است؟

Shabgardi dar [place] [adjective] ast.

شبگردی در کویر خطرناک است.

어휘 가족

명사

شبگردی (shabgardi - the act of wandering at night)

شب (shab - night)

گردش (gardesh - turn/stroll)

동사

گردیدن (gardidan - to turn/wander)

گشتن (gashtan - to wander/search)

형용사

شبگردانه (shabgardâne - nocturnal/night-wanderer-like)

گردان (gardân - turning/rotating)

사용법

frequency

Common in biology, literature, and urban social contexts.

자주 하는 실수

Using 'shabgard' for a religious person staying up for prayer. → شب‌زنده‌دار (Shab-zendeh-dar)
Shab-zendeh-dar implies spiritual wakefulness, while shabgard implies physical wandering or biological nocturnality.
Saying 'shabgard parande' instead of 'parandeye shabgard'. → پرنده شبگرد
Persian requires the Ezafe (short 'e' sound) to connect a noun to its adjective.
Confusing 'shabgard' with 'shâgerd'. → شبگرد vs شاگرد
Shâgerd means student. The first vowel is different (long 'â' in student, short 'a' in night-wanderer).
Using 'shabgard' as a verb: 'Man shabgardam'. → من شبگردی می‌کنم (I do night-wandering)
Shabgard is a noun/adjective. To express the action, you need a compound verb structure.
Calling a daytime security guard a 'shabgard'. → نگهبان (Negahbân)
A shabgard is specifically for the night. For general guards, use 'negahbân' or 'pâsebân'.

팁

Adjective Order

Always place 'shabgard' after the noun it describes. For example, 'parandeye shabgard' (nocturnal bird). The 'e' sound (Ezafe) is essential.

Historical Context

Remember that 'shabgard' was once a job title. Using it in historical contexts adds depth to your Persian.

Scientific Term

If you are studying science in Persian, this is the official translation for 'nocturnal.' Use it in reports about animals.

Urban Life

In Tehran, 'shabgardi' is a popular activity. Use the term when talking about late-night street food or drives.

Poetic Nuance

In poetry, use 'shabgard' to symbolize loneliness or the search for truth in the darkness.

Compound Power

Learn the root '-gard.' It will help you understand many other words like 'jahangard' (tourist) and 'velgard' (vagabond).

Stress Matters

Stress the second syllable (GARD) to sound more like a native speaker.

The 'Night-Walker' Link

Translate it literally in your head as 'night-walker' to remember the two parts: shab + gard.

Formal Plurals

Use 'shabgardân' in formal essays or stories for a more sophisticated tone.

Context Clues

If you hear 'shabgard' in a nature show, it's an animal. If you hear it in a song, it's a lonely lover.

암기하기

기억법

Think of a 'SHABby GUARD' (Shab-gard) who has to walk around all night in his old uniform. He is the night-wanderer.

시각적 연상

Visualize an owl (a classic shabgard) wearing a small watchman's hat and carrying a lantern while walking through a dark forest.

Word Web

Night Wanderer Owl Security Stars Moon Patrol Nocturnal

챌린지

Try to find three animals that are 'shabgard' and write a sentence for each using the Ezafe construction (e.g., 'Khofâsh heyvân-e shabgard ast').

어원

The word is a classic Persian compound. 'Shab' comes from Middle Persian 'shab' and Old Persian 'kshapa-', meaning night. 'Gard' is the present stem of 'gashtan' or 'gardidan', which traces back to the Proto-Indo-European root *wert- meaning 'to turn.'

원래 의미: Originally, it meant someone who 'turns' or 'circulates' through the night, specifically for patrol or security.

Indo-European -> Indo-Iranian -> Iranian -> Persian.

문화적 맥락

The word is generally neutral but can be slightly romanticized or melancholic depending on the context.

The English equivalent 'Night Owl' is more informal and social, whereas 'Shabgard' can be very formal, biological, or historical.

The movie 'Shabgard' (2023) by Reza Akhlaghirad. Poetic references in the 'Shahnameh' to night patrols. The Nightjar bird in Iranian folklore, sometimes called 'Morgh-e-Hagh'.

실생활에서 연습하기

실제 사용 상황

Biology Class

سازگاری با شب
بینایی قوی
شکار در تاریکی
خواب در روز

Historical Tour

امنیت شهر
فانوس و عصا
گشت‌زنی در محله
نگهبانان قدیمی

Late Night Out

خیابان‌های خلوت
تهرانِ شب
قدم زدن
هوای خنک

Literary Discussion

نماد تنهایی
شعر معاصر
استعاره از روح
فضای تاریک

Bird Watching

پرنده‌نگری
صدای حزین
استتار عالی
بال‌های نرم

대화 시작하기

"آیا تو خودت را یک فرد شبگرد می‌دانی یا سحرخیز؟ (Do you consider yourself a night-owl or an early bird?)"

"کدام حیوان شبگرد برای تو جالب‌تر است؟ (Which nocturnal animal is more interesting to you?)"

"به نظر تو زندگی در شهرهای شبگرد مثل تهران چه مزایایی دارد؟ (What are the benefits of living in night-wandering cities like Tehran?)"

"آیا تا به حال صدای پرنده شبگرد را در طبیعت شنیده‌ای؟ (Have you ever heard the sound of the Nightjar in nature?)"

"اگر یک شبگرد قدیمی بودی، در کوچه‌های قدیم چه می‌دیدی؟ (If you were an old night watchman, what would you see in the old alleys?)"

일기 주제

تجربه خود را از یک شبگردی طولانی در شهر بنویسید. (Write about your experience of a long night-walk in the city.)

تفاوت‌های میان یک حیوان شبگرد و یک حیوان روزگرد را تحلیل کنید. (Analyze the differences between a nocturnal and a diurnal animal.)

چرا شاعران از کلمه شبگرد برای توصیف تنهایی استفاده می‌کنند؟ (Why do poets use the word 'shabgard' to describe loneliness?)

یک داستان کوتاه درباره آخرین شبگرد یک شهر قدیمی بنویسید. (Write a short story about the last night watchman of an old city.)

آیا تکنولوژی باعث شده است که همه ما به نوعی شبگرد شویم؟ (Has technology made us all night-wanderers in a way?)

자주 묻는 질문

10 질문

It is generally neutral. In biology, it is a scientific fact. In literature, it can be poetic and lonely. Historically, it was a respected role. Only in very specific contexts might it imply a 'prowler' or 'thief,' but usually, other words like 'dozd' are used for that.

Yes, but it sounds a bit poetic or old-fashioned. A more modern and direct way to say 'night-shift worker' is 'kârkone nobate-shab' (کارکن نوبت شب). However, calling them a 'shabgard' in a story would be perfectly fine.

Shab-zendeh-dar is used for someone who stays awake for a purpose like prayer, meditation, or intense study. Shabgard implies wandering, patrolling, or simply being active/roaming during the night.

Yes, in Persian, the 'Nightjar' bird is called 'Shabgard' or 'Morgh-e-Shabgard.' It is known for its distinctive nocturnal call and camouflaged feathers.

You can add '-hâ' for the general plural (shabgard-hâ) or '-ân' for a more formal or literary plural (shabgard-ân), especially when referring to people.

No, it's a noun/adjective. To express the action, you use 'shabgardi kardan' (to do night-wandering).

Yes, young people use it to describe their late-night city adventures or their habit of staying up late on social media.

No, Persian nouns and adjectives do not have gender. It is the same for men, women, and animals.

The biological opposite is 'ruz-gard' (diurnal). The social opposite is 'saharkhiz' (early bird).

It is a hard 'g' like in the English word 'go' or 'guard.' It is never soft like 'j'.

무료 가입하고 팁과 노트 보기