तनना 30초 만에
- तनना (tannā) is an intransitive Hindi verb meaning 'to be stretched' or 'to become taut'.
- It is commonly used for physical objects like ropes, tents, and bowstrings.
- Metaphorically, it describes a chest swelling with pride or an atmosphere becoming tense.
- Crucially, it differs from the transitive 'tānnā', where someone else does the stretching.
The Hindi verb तनना (tannā) is a versatile and evocative term primarily used to describe the physical act of becoming taut, stretched, or strained. At its most basic level, it refers to an object like a rope, a wire, or a piece of fabric reaching its maximum extension where it is no longer slack. However, in the rich tapestry of the Hindi language, its utility extends far beyond mere physics. It captures the physiological response of the human body to pride or anger, and the metaphysical tension that arises in social or political atmospheres. Understanding tannā requires one to visualize the transition from a state of relaxation or limpness to a state of rigidity and readiness.
- Physical Tension
- When a tent is being pitched, the canvas must tannā to provide shelter. If you pull a bowstring to fire an arrow, the string tannatā hai (stretches). It implies a force being applied that eliminates any curve or 'jhol' (sag) in the material.
जैसे ही उसने रस्सी खींची, वह पूरी तरह से तन गई। (As soon as he pulled the rope, it became completely taut.)
- Biological and Emotional States
- In Hindi culture, the 'chest' (chhātī) is the seat of pride. When someone is proud or brave, their chest is said to tannā. Similarly, if someone is angry, their eyebrows (bhauhen) might tannā, indicating a furrowed, tense brow. It represents a visible manifestation of an internal emotional surge.
In a social context, you might hear this word when describing a relationship that has become 'strained'. The invisible 'dori' (thread) of a relationship can tannā when there is conflict. This word is essential for B1 learners because it bridges the gap between concrete physical descriptions and abstract emotional nuances. Whether you are talking about setting up a camp in the Himalayas or describing a tense scene in a Bollywood drama, tannā is the go-to verb for that specific sensation of rigidity.
गुस्से में उसकी नसें तनने लगीं। (In anger, his veins began to bulge/stretch.)
Grammatically, तनना (tannā) is an intransitive verb (akarmak kriya). This is a vital distinction for English speakers. In English, 'stretch' can be both transitive ('I stretch the rope') and intransitive ('The rope stretches'). In Hindi, tannā is only used when the object itself is undergoing the stretching or becoming taut. If you are the one doing the stretching to something else, you must use the causative/transitive form तानना (tānnā).
- Subject-Verb Agreement
- The verb agrees with the subject in gender and number. For example: 'Rassī tan gaī' (The rope [feminine] became taut) versus 'Tampū tan gayā' (The tent [masculine] was pitched/became taut).
मेज़पोश को इतना मत खींचो कि वह तन जाए। (Don't pull the tablecloth so much that it becomes taut/strained.)
One of the most common sentence patterns involves the use of the auxiliary verb 'gayā' (from jānā) to indicate a completed change of state. 'Tan gayā' implies the process of tightening is finished. In poetic or literary Hindi, you will often find tannā used to describe the sky (āsmān tan gayā) or a canopy (shāmiyānā tan gayā), suggesting a vast, stretched-out covering.
जीत की खबर सुनकर उसकी छाती गर्व से तन गई। (Hearing the news of victory, his chest swelled with pride.)
Furthermore, in the negative sense, 'na tannā' can imply a lack of effort or a state of being loose. However, the most frequent usage remains in the affirmative to describe readiness. For example, 'Sainik kī deha tanī huī thī' (The soldier's body was taut/alert). Here, the past participle 'tanī huī' acts as an adjective describing the state of the body.
In contemporary India, you will encounter तनना in several distinct environments. Firstly, in the world of physical fitness and yoga. Instructors will often tell you to keep your limbs 'tanā huā' (stretched/taut) to ensure the correct posture. If your arm is limp during a pose, they might say, 'Hāth ko tāno' (Stretch the hand - transitive) so that it 'tan jaye' (becomes taut - intransitive).
- News and Media
- Journalists frequently use the noun form 'tanāv' (tension), but the verb tannā appears when describing escalating situations. 'Sīmā par sthiti tan gaī hai' (The situation on the border has become tense). It paints a picture of a string about to snap.
दोनो देशों के बीच रिश्ते तन गए हैं। (Relations between the two countries have become strained.)
Secondly, in rural settings or during festivals, you'll hear it regarding the setup of 'pandals' (large temporary marquees). Workers shout instructions to ensure the ropes are tanī huī so the structure doesn't collapse under wind or rain. In a more metaphorical sense, in Bollywood lyrics or classical poetry, tannā is used to describe the 'bow of the eyebrows' (bhauhon kī kamān), a standard trope for describing a beautiful but fierce woman or a warrior's resolve.
उसकी भौहें गुस्से में तन जाती हैं। (Her eyebrows arch/tighten in anger.)
Lastly, in literature, tannā is used to describe the onset of a storm, where the clouds 'tan' (spread/stretch) across the sky like a dark blanket. This usage highlights the word's ability to convey both physical coverage and an ominous atmosphere.
The most frequent pitfall for learners is the confusion between तनना (tannā) and तानना (tānnā). Because English uses the word 'stretch' for both 'the rope stretches' and 'I stretch the rope', learners often use tannā when they should use the transitive counterpart. Remember: if there is a direct object being acted upon by an agent, use tānnā.
- Confusion with 'Tan' (Body)
- The Hindi word for 'body' is 'tan' (तन). While etymologically related in some deep Sanskrit roots (as the body is 'stretched' out), they are used differently. Beginners sometimes mistakenly think tannā means 'to body' or something related to physical exercise exclusively. While it is used for muscles, it is a verb of action/state, not a noun.
गलत: मैंने रस्सी तनी। (Incorrect: I 'stretched' [intransitive] the rope.)
सही: मैंने रस्सी तानी। (Correct: I stretched the rope.)
Another mistake involves using tannā for stretching your body after waking up. For that specific 'morning stretch' or 'expanding' stretch, the word अंगड़ाई लेना (angṛāī lenā) or फैलना (phailnā) is often more appropriate. Tannā implies tension and stiffness, whereas a morning stretch is about loosening up. Using tannā in that context might make it sound like your muscles are painfully cramping or seizing up.
Finally, don't confuse tannā with ṭhannā (ठनना). The latter, with a retroflex 'ṭh', means 'to be resolved' or 'to break out' (like a fight/war). While they sound similar to the untrained ear, their meanings are entirely different.
To truly master तनना, you should understand how it sits alongside its linguistic cousins. Hindi has several words for 'stretching' and 'tension', each with a specific flavor.
- तनना vs. खिंचना (Khinchnā)
- Khinchnā means 'to be pulled' or 'to be drawn'. While a pulled rope becomes tanā, the focus of khinchnā is the force of the pull, whereas tannā is the resulting state of tension. You can 'khinchna' a photo (take a photo), but you can't 'tanna' a photo.
- तनना vs. अकड़ना (Akaṛnā)
- Akaṛnā means 'to stiffen' or 'to become rigid', often due to cold, death, or arrogance. While tannā can also imply arrogance (stretching the chest), akaṛnā is more about the loss of flexibility. A frozen pipe akaṛ goes, but a guitar string tan goes.
सितार के तार तने हुए हैं। (The strings of the sitar are taut.) vs. सर्दी से हाथ अकड़ गए हैं। (Hands have stiffened from the cold.)
If you want to describe something expanding in size (like a balloon), use फूलना (phūlnā). If you want to describe something spreading out (like a carpet), use बिछना (bichnā) or फैलना (phailnā). Tannā is specifically for that linear or surface-level tension that makes a material tight and responsive.
How Formal Is It?
"दोनों राष्ट्रों के मध्य कूटनीतिक संबंधों में भारी तनाव तन गया है।"
"रस्सी को खींचो ताकि वह तन जाए।"
"उसकी बातें सुनकर मेरा पारा तन गया! (My temper rose/tensed)."
"देखो, गुब्बारे की डोरी कैसे तन गई है!"
"इतना क्यों तन रहा है भाई? (Why are you acting so stiff/arrogant?)"
재미있는 사실
The English word 'tension', 'tendon', and even 'thin' come from the same ancient Proto-Indo-European root *ten-, making them distant cousins of 'tannā'.
발음 가이드
- Pronouncing the 't' as a retroflex 'ṭ' (like the English 't' in 'top'). It should be dental.
- Making the first 'a' too long like 'taan-na'.
- Confusing it with 'ṭhannā' (to break out/resolve).
- Not doubling the 'n' sound properly.
- Using a soft 'v' sound at the end.
난이도
Easy to recognize in texts, but can be confused with other 'tan' words.
Requires knowledge of intransitive verb conjugation and gender agreement.
Distinguishing from 'tānnā' in fast speech is a challenge for B1 learners.
Clear sound, but must listen for the 'n' doubling.
다음에 무엇을 배울까
선수 학습
다음에 배울 것
고급
알아야 할 문법
Intransitive nature
तनना is intransitive; it doesn't take 'ne' in the past tense.
Causative form
The causative of तनना is तानना (to make something taut).
Gender Agreement
Rassī (f) tanī; Tār (m) tanā.
Compound Verbs
Often used as 'tan jānā' to show a completed state.
Adjectival Participle
'Tanā huā' acts as an adjective (taut).
수준별 예문
रस्सी तन गई है।
The rope has become taut.
Feminine singular subject, perfective aspect.
तार तन रहा है।
The wire is stretching/tightening.
Masculine singular subject, continuous aspect.
कपड़ा तन गया।
The cloth became taut.
Masculine singular subject.
धागा मत तनो।
Don't stretch the thread. (Note: using imperative)
Imperative form.
जाल तन गया।
The net became taut.
Masculine singular.
धनुष की डोरी तन गई।
The bowstring became taut.
Feminine subject 'dori'.
पर्दा तन गया है।
The curtain is stretched tight.
Present perfect.
बेल्ट तन गई।
The belt became tight.
Feminine singular.
तंबू ठीक से तन गया है।
The tent has been pitched/stretched properly.
Use of 'thīk se' (properly).
उसका शरीर गर्व से तन गया।
His body straightened/tensed with pride.
Metaphorical use for posture.
रस्सी इतनी मत तनो कि टूट जाए।
Don't let the rope get so tight that it breaks.
Subjunctive 'jāe'.
सावधान! तार तन रहे हैं।
Watch out! The wires are tightening.
Plural subject 'tār'.
क्या कपड़ा अच्छी तरह तन गया?
Did the cloth stretch out well?
Interrogative.
कसरत करते समय मांसपेशियां तनती हैं।
Muscles stretch/tense during exercise.
Habitual aspect.
नाव की पाल हवा से तन गई।
The sail of the boat became taut with the wind.
Feminine 'pāl'.
सीढ़ी की रस्सी तननी चाहिए।
The ladder's rope should be taut.
Use of 'chāhiye' (should).
उसकी छाती गर्व से तन गई जब उसने पदक जीता।
His chest swelled with pride when he won the medal.
Classic idiom 'chhātī tannā'.
दोनों पक्षों के बीच बहस से माहौल तन गया।
The atmosphere became tense due to the argument between both parties.
Abstract subject 'māhaul'.
गुस्से में उसकी भौहें तन गईं।
Her eyebrows furrowed/tightened in anger.
Feminine plural 'bhauhen'.
जैसे ही उसने तीर छोड़ा, कमान की डोरी तन गई।
As he released the arrow, the bowstring tightened (before release).
Complex sentence with 'jaise hī'.
पुरानी दुश्मनी के कारण उनके रिश्ते तन गए हैं।
Their relations have become strained due to old enmity.
Plural 'rishte'.
योग करते समय शरीर को तनना पड़ता है।
The body has to stretch while doing yoga.
Use of 'paṛtā hai' (compulsion).
भारी सामान उठाने से उसकी नसें तन गईं।
His veins bulged/tensed from lifting heavy luggage.
Feminine plural 'nasen'.
आकाश में बादल तने हुए थे।
Clouds were stretched/spread across the sky.
Adjectival use 'tane hue'.
सीमा पर दोनों सेनाओं के बीच तनाव तन गया है।
Tension has tightened between the two armies on the border.
Abstract use of tension as a physical force.
उसकी आवाज़ में एक अजीब सी सख्ती तन आई।
A strange stiffness crept into/tightened in his voice.
Compound verb 'tan ānā'.
जैसे-जैसे परीक्षा पास आई, छात्रों की नसें तनने लगीं।
As the exam approached, the students' nerves began to fray/tense.
Inceptive 'tanne lagnā'.
राजनीतिक गलियारों में इस फैसले से माहौल तन गया है।
In political circles, the atmosphere has become tense due to this decision.
Locative 'galiyāron mein'.
गिटार के तार सही सुर के लिए तनने ज़रूरी हैं।
It is necessary for guitar strings to be taut for the right note.
Infinitive 'tanne' as subject.
उसका चेहरा क्रोध से तन गया और उसने चिल्लाना शुरू कर दिया।
His face tightened with rage and he started shouting.
Sequential action.
पुल के तार भार की वजह से और भी तन गए।
The bridge cables tightened even more because of the load.
Comparative 'aur bhī'.
सच्चाई सामने आते ही झूठ का पर्दा तनने लगा।
As the truth came out, the veil of lies began to stretch thin/tighten.
Metaphorical use.
समाज के विभिन्न वर्गों के बीच वैचारिक मतभेद अब तनने लगे हैं।
Ideological differences between various sections of society have now begun to strain.
Abstract ideological subject.
उसकी लेखनी में जो धार है, वह उसके विचारों के तनने से आती है।
The sharpness in his writing comes from the stretching/tension of his thoughts.
Philosophical context.
न्यायालय में वकीलों की दलीलें सुनकर जज की भृकुटि तन गई।
Hearing the lawyers' arguments, the judge's brow (bhrikuti) furrowed/tightened.
Sanskritized word 'bhrikuti'.
आर्थिक मंदी के कारण मध्यम वर्ग की कमर तन गई है।
The middle class's back has 'tightened' (is under strain) due to the economic recession.
Economic metaphor.
कविता की पंक्तियों में एक अदृश्य डोर तनी हुई महसूस होती है।
An invisible string feels taut within the lines of the poem.
Literary analysis.
युद्ध की विभीषिका से पूरे महाद्वीप का वातावरण तन गया था।
The atmosphere of the entire continent had become tense with the horror of war.
High-level vocabulary 'vibhīshikā'.
जैसे ही ऑर्केस्ट्रा शुरू हुआ, दर्शकों की एकाग्रता तन गई।
As the orchestra began, the audience's concentration tightened/intensified.
Abstract concentration.
उसकी आँखों में एक संकल्प तन गया जिसे कोई डिगा नहीं सकता था।
A resolve tightened in his eyes that no one could shake.
Metaphorical resolve.
अस्तित्ववाद की गहराइयों में मनुष्य की चेतना अक्सर तनकर रह जाती है।
In the depths of existentialism, human consciousness often remains stretched/strained.
Philosophical discourse.
वैश्वीकरण के इस दौर में स्थानीय संस्कृतियों का ताना-बना बुरी तरह तन गया है।
In this era of globalization, the warp and weft (structure) of local cultures has become severely strained.
Idiomatic 'tānā-bānā'.
कूटनीति की बिसात पर मोहरों की चाल से रिश्तों की डोर और भी तनती जा रही है।
On the chessboard of diplomacy, the string of relations is becoming even more strained by the moves of the pieces.
Extended metaphor.
जब तक न्याय की रस्सी पूरी तरह नहीं तनती, तब तक समाज में संतुलन नहीं आता।
Until the rope of justice is fully taut, balance does not come to society.
Societal allegory.
कलाकार ने कैनवास पर रंगों को इस तरह बिखेरा कि उनमें एक तनाव तन आया।
The artist scattered colors on the canvas such that a tension tightened within them.
Aesthetic description.
इतिहास के पन्नों पर वीरता की जो गाथाएं हैं, वे अक्सर किसी के सीने के तनने से शुरू होती हैं।
The sagas of bravery on the pages of history often begin with the swelling of someone's chest (with courage).
Historical narrative.
ब्रह्मांड के विस्तार के साथ-साथ समय और स्थान की चादर तनती जा रही है।
Along with the expansion of the universe, the sheet of time and space is stretching/tightening.
Scientific/Cosmological context.
मौन की वह अवधि इतनी लंबी थी कि दोनों के बीच का सन्नाटा तन गया।
That period of silence was so long that the stillness between the two became taut/palpable.
Abstract 'sannāṭā' as subject.
자주 쓰는 조합
자주 쓰는 구문
— To stand straight and tall, often with pride or defiance.
वह सबके सामने तनकर खड़ा हो गया।
관용어 및 표현
— To be filled with pride or courage.
तिरंगे को देख हर भारतीय की छाती तन जाती है।
Common— To prepare oneself for a fight or competition.
खिलाड़ी मैच के लिए पूरी तरह तन गया है।
Informal— For a relationship to become strained.
गलतफहमी से रिश्तों की डोर तन गई।
Metaphorical— To hide something or for a veil to be drawn.
सच्चाई पर झूठ का पर्दा तन गया है।
Metaphorical문장 패턴
어휘 가족
명사
동사
형용사
관련
암기하기
기억법
Think of a 'TENT'. To set up a TENT, the fabric must TANNA (stretch). If it doesn't TANNA, the TENT falls down.
시각적 연상
Imagine a guitar string being tuned. As you turn the peg, the string goes from loose to 'tanā huā' (taut). Feel the tension in your mind.
Word Web
챌린지
Try to use 'tannā' three times today: once for a physical object, once for a body part, and once for a feeling.
어원
Originates from the Sanskrit root 'tan' (तन्), which means to stretch, extend, or diffuse. This root is ancient and has many descendants in Indo-European languages.
원래 의미: To extend or spread out in a straight line.
Indo-Aryan / Indo-European문화적 맥락
Be careful using 'tan' (body) and 'tannā' (to stretch) interchangeably; they are distinct words.
English speakers often use 'stretch' for everything. In Hindi, remember that 'tannā' is specifically about the 'tightness' result.
실생활에서 연습하기
실제 사용 상황
Camping
- तंबू तनना
- रस्सी तनना
- खूँटी गाड़ना
- तिरपाल तनना
Emotional Conflict
- माहौल तनना
- भौहें तनना
- बात तनना
- रिश्ते तनना
Physical Exercise
- नसें तनना
- मांसपेशियां तनना
- शरीर तनना
- अंग तनना
Music
- तार तनना
- तान छेड़ना
- सुर तनना
- लय तनना
Patriotism
- छाती तनना
- सीना तनना
- तिरंगा तनना
- संकल्प तनना
대화 시작하기
"क्या आपने कभी पहाड़ों पर तंबू ताना है? (Have you ever pitched a tent on mountains?)"
"जब आप गर्व महसूस करते हैं, तो क्या आपकी छाती तन जाती है? (When you feel proud, does your chest swell?)"
"क्या आपको लगता है कि आजकल समाज में तनाव तन गया है? (Do you think tension has tightened in society these days?)"
"गिटार बजाने से पहले तारों का तनना क्यों ज़रूरी है? (Why is it necessary for strings to be taut before playing guitar?)"
"अगर रस्सी बहुत ज़्यादा तन जाए तो क्या होगा? (What will happen if the rope stretches too much?)"
일기 주제
किसी ऐसी घटना के बारे में लिखें जब आपकी छाती गर्व से तन गई थी। (Write about an incident when your chest swelled with pride.)
क्या आपने कभी दो लोगों के बीच माहौल को तनते हुए देखा है? वर्णन करें। (Have you ever seen an atmosphere become tense between two people? Describe.)
योग करते समय शरीर के तनने के अनुभव को लिखें। (Write about the experience of the body stretching during yoga.)
अगर हमारे रिश्तों की डोर तन जाए, तो उसे ढीला कैसे करें? (If the string of our relationships becomes strained, how to loosen it?)
एक कविता लिखें जिसमें 'आसमान का तनना' एक मुख्य विचार हो। (Write a poem where 'the stretching of the sky' is a main idea.)
Summary
The word तनना (tannā) captures the essence of tension—whether it is the physical tightness of a guitar string or the emotional strain of a heated argument. Example: 'गर्व से उसकी छाती तन गई' (His chest swelled with pride).
- तनना (tannā) is an intransitive Hindi verb meaning 'to be stretched' or 'to become taut'.
- It is commonly used for physical objects like ropes, tents, and bowstrings.
- Metaphorically, it describes a chest swelling with pride or an atmosphere becoming tense.
- Crucially, it differs from the transitive 'tānnā', where someone else does the stretching.
예시
रस्सी इतनी कसकर बंधी थी कि वह तन गई।
관련 콘텐츠
health 관련 단어
आंबुलेंस
C1환자나 부상자를 병원으로 이송하기 위해 특별히 장비를 갖춘 차량.
आहार संबंधी
C1식단이나 영양에 관한.
आहार विशेषज्ञ
B1A person who is an expert on diet and nutrition.
आहार योजना
B1A plan for what to eat; diet plan.
आईसीयू
B1Intensive Care Unit, a specialized hospital ward.
आकस्मिक
B1Sudden, accidental, emergency.
आँखों का डॉक्टर
A2안과 의사; 눈을 전문적으로 치료하는 의사.
आनुवंशिक इंजीनियरिंग
C1The deliberate modification of the characteristics of an organism by manipulating its genetic material.
आनुवंशिक परामर्श
C1유전 질환의 영향을 받거나 위험에 처한 개인 또는 가족에게 조언을 제공하는 과정.
आनुवंशिक उत्परिवर्तन
C1유전자를 구성하는 DNA 서열의 영구적인 변화.
