The Hindi word 'दशक' (dashak) means a period of ten years, or a decade. It's a very useful word when you want to talk about time in larger chunks than just years. People use it when they are referring to a specific ten-year span in the past, present, or future, or when they are talking about trends or changes that have happened over a decade.
- Historical Context
- When discussing history, a 'दशक' helps break down long periods into manageable segments. For example, 'पिछला दशक' (pichhla dashak) refers to the last decade.
- Social and Economic Trends
- Economists and sociologists often analyze data over decades to identify patterns and changes. 'यह दशक' (yah dashak) might refer to the current decade and its specific characteristics.
- Personal Milestones
- Individuals might talk about their lives in terms of decades, like 'अपने जवानी के दशक में' (apne jawani ke dashak mein - in their twenties).
- Planning and Future
- Governments and organizations plan for the future using ten-year strategies, often referred to as a 'दशक'.
भारत ने पिछले दशक में बहुत प्रगति की है। (Bharat ne pichhle dashak mein bahut pragati ki hai.) - India has made great progress in the last decade.
शिक्षा के क्षेत्र में अगले दशक में बड़े बदलाव अपेक्षित हैं। (Shiksha ke kshetra mein agle dashak mein bade badlav apekshit hain.) - Big changes are expected in the field of education in the next decade.
- Time References
- You'll often find 'दशक' used with time-related words like 'पिछला' (last), 'अगला' (next), 'यह' (this), or specific year ranges like '2000 का दशक' (the 2000s decade).
बीसवीं सदी का अंतिम दशक बहुत महत्वपूर्ण था। (Biswi sadi ka antim dashak bahut mahatvapurna tha.) - The last decade of the twentieth century was very important.
Using 'दशक' is quite straightforward, especially when you pair it with time indicators. It functions as a noun, referring to the ten-year period itself. The most common way to use it is by specifying which decade you're talking about.
- With 'पिछला' (Last)
- 'पिछला दशक' (pichhla dashak) means 'the last decade'. This is used to refer to the ten years immediately preceding the current one.
- With 'अगला' (Next)
- 'अगला दशक' (agla dashak) means 'the next decade'. This refers to the ten years that will follow the current one.
- With 'यह' (This)
- 'यह दशक' (yah dashak) means 'this decade'. It refers to the current ten-year period.
- With Specific Year Ranges
- You can also refer to decades by their starting year, like '2000 का दशक' (2000 ka dashak - the decade of 2000-2009) or '1980 का दशक' (1980 ka dashak - the decade of 1980-1989).
हम पिछले दशक की तुलना में इस दशक में अधिक तकनीक का उपयोग कर रहे हैं। (Hum pichhle dashak ki tulna mein is dashak mein adhik takneek ka upyog kar rahe hain.) - We are using more technology in this decade compared to the last decade.
1990 का दशक संगीत के लिए एक स्वर्ण युग था। (1990 ka dashak sangeet ke liye ek swarn yug tha.) - The 1990s decade was a golden age for music.
- As a Subject
- Sometimes, the decade itself is the subject of the sentence. For example, 'यह दशक चुनौतीपूर्ण रहा है।' (Yah dashak chunautipoorn raha hai. - This decade has been challenging.)
- In Comparisons
- You can compare different decades or compare the current decade with a past one.
अगले दशक में जलवायु परिवर्तन एक बड़ी चिंता होगी। (Agle dashak mein jalvayu parivartan ek badi chinta hogi.) - Climate change will be a major concern in the next decade.
You'll encounter the word 'दशक' (dashak) in various everyday and formal contexts in Hindi-speaking environments. Its usage is widespread, making it a fundamental vocabulary item for understanding discussions about time and history.
- News and Media
- News reports frequently discuss events and trends over the past or upcoming decades. You might hear anchors or journalists say things like, 'पिछले दशक में अर्थव्यवस्था में भारी उतार-चढ़ाव आया।' (Pichhle dashak mein arthvyavastha mein bhari utaar-chadhav aaya. - The economy saw huge fluctuations in the last decade.)
- Historical Discussions
- When people talk about historical periods, they often use 'दशक' to break them down. For instance, someone might reminisce about the '80s or '90s using 'अस्सी का दशक' (assi ka dashak) or 'नब्बे का दशक' (nabbe ka dashak).
- Speeches and Presentations
- Politicians, business leaders, and educators often use 'दशक' when outlining plans or reviewing past achievements. A speaker might say, 'यह दशक हमारे लिए एक महत्वपूर्ण मोड़ साबित होगा।' (Yah dashak hamare liye ek mahatvapurna mod saabit hoga. - This decade will prove to be a significant turning point for us.)
- Conversations About Change
- In casual conversations, people might reflect on how much things have changed over the last ten years. 'वाह, पिछले दस साल में कितना कुछ बदल गया, यह तो एक पूरा दशक था!' (Wah, pichhle das saal mein kitna kuch badal gaya, yah toh ek poora dashak tha! - Wow, how much has changed in the last ten years, it was a whole decade!)
सरकार ने पिछले दशक में शिक्षा पर बहुत जोर दिया। (Sarkar ne pichhle dashak mein shiksha par bahut zor diya.) - The government emphasized education greatly in the last decade.
यह दशक प्रौद्योगिकी के विकास के लिए जाना जाएगा। (Yah dashak praudyogiki ke vikas ke liye jaana jayega.) - This decade will be known for technological advancements.
- Academic and Research Settings
- In academic papers, research proposals, and lectures, 'दशक' is essential for framing studies and presenting findings over time. For example, 'बीसवीं सदी के सातवें दशक में...' (Biswi sadi ke saatvein dashak mein... - In the seventh decade of the twentieth century...)
- Personal Reflections
- People often look back at their lives or specific periods. 'मेरे जवानी के दशक में, जीवन बहुत अलग था।' (Mere jawani ke dashak mein, jeevan bahut alag tha. - In the decade of my youth, life was very different.)
2010 का दशक सोशल मीडिया के प्रसार का दशक था। (2010 ka dashak social media ke prasar ka dashak tha.) - The 2010s decade was the decade of social media proliferation.
While 'दशक' (dashak) is a straightforward word, learners might make a few common mistakes, often due to direct translation or oversimplification. Understanding these potential pitfalls can help you use the word more accurately.
- Confusing with 'साल' (Year)
- Mistake: Using 'दशक' when you mean a single year, or using 'साल' when you mean a decade. For example, saying 'एक दशक' (ek dashak) when you mean 'एक साल' (ek saal - one year). 'दशक' specifically refers to a ten-year period.
- Incorrect Pluralization (Rare)
- Mistake: While 'दशक' is generally used as a singular concept for the ten-year period, one might incorrectly try to pluralize it in a way that doesn't fit Hindi grammar. For example, attempting to say 'कई दशक' (kai dashak - many decades) might sound slightly unnatural to some speakers, though it's understandable. The more common way to refer to multiple decades is to list them or use phrases like 'विभिन्न दशक' (vibhinn dashak - various decades).
- Overuse or Underuse
- Mistake: Learners might either avoid using 'दशक' altogether, sticking to saying 'दस साल' (das saal - ten years) repeatedly, or they might overuse it when a simpler term would suffice. For instance, saying 'दस साल' instead of 'पिछला दशक' when the context clearly implies the last ten years.
- Incorrectly Attaching Numbers
- Mistake: When referring to specific decades like the 1990s, learners might incorrectly say 'नब्बे दशक' (nabbe dashak) without the possessive 'का' (ka). The correct construction is 'नब्बे का दशक' (nabbe ka dashak). Similarly, for the current decade, it's 'यह दशक' (yah dashak).
Incorrect: पिछले दस साल में बहुत बदलाव आया। (Pichhle das saal mein bahut badlav aaya.) This is grammatically correct but less precise than using 'दशक' when the context is about a full decade.
Correct: पिछले दशक में बहुत बदलाव आया। (Pichhle dashak mein bahut badlav aaya.)
Incorrect: 2000 दशक में। (2000 dashak mein.)
Correct: 2000 के दशक में। (2000 ke dashak mein.)
- Literal Translation Issues
- Mistake: Trying to directly translate phrases that might work in English but sound awkward in Hindi. For example, thinking of 'the decade of the 90s' and constructing something like '90s का दशक' which is correct, but sometimes learners might overthink the structure.
Mistake: Using 'दशक' as an adjective. 'दशक' is a noun.
Correct way to express a time period: 'यह दशक...' (This decade...).
While 'दशक' (dashak) is the standard and most precise term for a decade, there are other ways to express similar concepts or refer to periods of time. Understanding these alternatives helps in grasping the nuances of Hindi vocabulary.
- Alternative: दस साल (Das Saal)
- Meaning: Ten years.
- Usage: This is the most common and direct alternative. It's less formal than 'दशक' and can be used in almost any context where you mean a period of ten years. For example, 'मैंने दस साल तक यह काम किया।' (Maine das saal tak yah kaam kiya. - I did this work for ten years.) It can also be used to refer to a decade, but 'दशक' is more specific to the concept of a decade as a unit of time.
- Comparison: While 'दस साल' can refer to any ten-year span, 'दशक' specifically denotes a formal decade, often used in historical or analytical contexts. For instance, 'बीस साल' (bees saal - twenty years) is a duration, but 'दो दशक' (do dashak - two decades) refers to two specific ten-year periods.
- Alternative: शताब्दी (Shatabdi)
- Meaning: Century (100 years).
- Usage: This is used for a period of 100 years. It's related in that it's a larger unit of time, but it's not a direct synonym for 'दशक'. For example, 'यह 21वीं शताब्दी है।' (Yah 21vi shatabdi hai. - This is the 21st century.)
- Comparison: 'शताब्दी' is 100 years, while 'दशक' is 10 years. One century contains ten decades.
- Alternative: सदी (Sadi)
- Meaning: Century (often used interchangeably with शताब्दी).
- Usage: Similar to 'शताब्दी', used for 100 years. 'पिछली सदी' (pichhli sadi - the last century).
- Comparison: Same as 'शताब्दी', it's a longer period than a decade.
'दस साल' (Das saal) vs 'दशक' (Dashak): While both refer to ten years, 'दशक' is more formal and specific to the concept of a decade as a unit of time, especially in historical or analytical contexts. 'दस साल' is a general duration.
'दशक' (Dashak) vs 'शताब्दी' (Shatabdi): This is a clear difference in scale. 'दशक' is 10 years, and 'शताब्दी' is 100 years. Think of it as 10 'दशक' make up 1 'शताब्दी'.
- Contextual Alternatives
- Sometimes, instead of a single word, phrases are used. For example, to talk about the 1990s, you might hear 'नब्बे के दशक में' (nabbe ke dashak mein) or simply refer to the years, like '1990 से 1999 तक' (1990 se 1999 tak - from 1990 to 1999).
'दशक' (Dashak) is the most precise term for 'decade'. 'दस साल' (Das saal) is a general duration. 'शताब्दी' (Shatabdi) is a century.
수준별 예문
यह दस साल का है।
This is ten years old.
Here 'दस साल' refers to age, not a decade.
एक दशक बाद, हम फिर मिलेंगे।
After a decade, we will meet again.
'एक दशक' means 'one decade'.
पिछला दशक बहुत अच्छा था।
The last decade was very good.
'पिछला दशक' means 'the last decade'.
यह दशक कैसा है?
How is this decade?
'यह दशक' means 'this decade'.
अगला दशक कैसा होगा?
What will the next decade be like?
'अगला दशक' means 'the next decade'.
वह अपने जवानी के दशक में था।
He was in the decade of his youth.
Refers to his twenties.
मुझे 1990 का दशक याद है।
I remember the 1990s decade.
Refers to the decade from 1990 to 1999.
यह एक लंबा दशक था।
It was a long decade.
'यह एक लंबा दशक था' emphasizes the duration and experience of the decade.
पिछले दशक में, हमने बहुत कुछ सीखा।
In the last decade, we learned a lot.
'पिछले दशक में' means 'in the last decade'.
यह दशक प्रौद्योगिकी के लिए महत्वपूर्ण है।
This decade is important for technology.
'यह दशक' refers to the current ten-year period.
अगले दशक में क्या होगा, कोई नहीं जानता।
No one knows what will happen in the next decade.
'अगले दशक में' means 'in the next decade'.
2000 का दशक विकास का समय था।
The decade of 2000 was a time of development.
'2000 का दशक' refers to the decade from 2000 to 2009.
उसने अपने करियर के शुरुआती दशक में बहुत मेहनत की।
He worked very hard in the initial decade of his career.
Refers to the first ten years of his career.
हम इस दशक में एक नया घर बनाएंगे।
We will build a new house in this decade.
'इस दशक में' means 'in this decade'.
बीसवीं सदी का अंतिम दशक यादगार था।
The last decade of the twentieth century was memorable.
'अंतिम दशक' means 'the last decade'.
यह दशक शांति का दशक हो सकता है।
This decade can be a decade of peace.
Expressing a hope or possibility for the current decade.
आर्थिक मंदी के कारण पिछला दशक काफी चुनौतीपूर्ण रहा।
The last decade was quite challenging due to the economic recession.
'पिछला दशक' is used in a context of economic analysis.
हमें अगले दशक के लिए एक मजबूत योजना की आवश्यकता है।
We need a strong plan for the next decade.
'अगले दशक के लिए' indicates future planning.
यह दशक सूचना क्रांति का युग है।
This decade is the era of the information revolution.
'यह दशक' is used to characterize the current era.
1980 का दशक संगीत और फैशन में एक महत्वपूर्ण मोड़ था।
The 1980s decade was a significant turning point in music and fashion.
'1980 का दशक' specifically refers to the decade 1980-1989.
उस दशक में, मोबाइल फोन केवल अमीरों के लिए थे।
In that decade, mobile phones were only for the rich.
'उस दशक में' refers to a specific past decade.
सरकार ने पिछले दशक में स्वास्थ्य सेवाओं में सुधार किया है।
The government has improved health services in the last decade.
Discussing governmental achievements over a decade.
यह दशक पर्यावरण संरक्षण के लिए निर्णायक साबित होगा।
This decade will prove decisive for environmental protection.
Highlighting the importance of the current decade for a specific issue.
बच्चों के पालन-पोषण का पहला दशक बहुत महत्वपूर्ण होता है।
The first decade of child-rearing is very important.
Referring to the first ten years of a life stage.
पिछले दशक में डिजिटल परिवर्तन ने व्यावसायिक परिदृश्य को पूरी तरह से बदल दिया है।
Digital transformation in the last decade has completely changed the business landscape.
'पिछले दशक में' is used in a context of significant societal change.
हमें यह सुनिश्चित करना होगा कि अगला दशक नवाचार और विकास का हो।
We must ensure that the next decade is one of innovation and growth.
'अगला दशक' is used in a forward-looking, strategic statement.
यह दशक वैश्विक सहयोग और कूटनीति के लिए एक महत्वपूर्ण परीक्षण होगा।
This decade will be a significant test for global cooperation and diplomacy.
'यह दशक' is used to frame a period of potential international challenges.
1970 का दशक सामाजिक आंदोलनों और सांस्कृतिक उथल-पुथल के लिए जाना जाता है।
The 1970s decade is known for social movements and cultural upheaval.
'1970 का दशक' is used for historical categorization.
उस विशिष्ट दशक के दौरान, कलात्मक अभिव्यक्ति ने नए आयाम छुए।
During that specific decade, artistic expression reached new dimensions.
'उस विशिष्ट दशक' refers to a particular historical period of artistic significance.
जलवायु परिवर्तन के मुद्दे ने पिछले दशक में अभूतपूर्व ध्यान आकर्षित किया है।
The issue of climate change has attracted unprecedented attention in the last decade.
'पिछले दशक में' highlights a trend that has gained prominence.
यह दशक नवीकरणीय ऊर्जा स्रोतों के विकास के लिए निर्णायक हो सकता है।
This decade could be decisive for the development of renewable energy sources.
'यह दशक' is used to emphasize a critical period for a specific technological or environmental goal.
उसके जीवन का वह दशक, जिसने उसे एक कलाकार के रूप में आकार दिया।
That decade of his life, which shaped him as an artist.
Refers to a formative period in someone's life.
पिछले दशक में भू-राजनीतिक अस्थिरता ने वैश्विक अर्थव्यवस्था पर गहरा प्रभाव डाला है।
Geopolitical instability in the last decade has had a profound impact on the global economy.
'पिछले दशक में' is used in a sophisticated analysis of global affairs.
अगले दशक में कृत्रिम बुद्धिमत्ता का एकीकरण हमारे समाज के ताने-बाने को मौलिक रूप से बदल देगा।
The integration of artificial intelligence in the next decade will fundamentally alter the fabric of our society.
'अगले दशक में' is used for prophetic statements about technological impact.
यह दशक ज्ञान-आधारित अर्थव्यवस्थाओं के लिए एक महत्वपूर्ण संक्रमण काल का प्रतिनिधित्व करता है।
This decade represents a critical transition period for knowledge-based economies.
'यह दशक' is used to define a key phase in economic evolution.
1950 का दशक सामाजिक परिवर्तन और सांस्कृतिक पुनर्जागरण का काल था, जिसने आधुनिक भारत की नींव रखी।
The 1950s decade was a period of social change and cultural renaissance, which laid the foundation for modern India.
'1950 का दशक' is used for historical periodization and its significance.
उस विशिष्ट दशक में तकनीकी प्रगति की गति ने अभूतपूर्व विस्तार को जन्म दिया।
The pace of technological advancement in that specific decade gave rise to unprecedented expansion.
'उस विशिष्ट दशक' emphasizes a period of rapid technological acceleration.
पिछले दशक में उभरती हुई अर्थव्यवस्थाओं के विकास पथ ने वैश्विक शक्ति संतुलन को नया आकार दिया है।
The growth trajectory of emerging economies in the last decade has reshaped the global balance of power.
'पिछले दशक में' is used in a geopolitical and economic analysis.
यह दशक टिकाऊ विकास और चक्रीय अर्थव्यवस्था के सिद्धांतों को अपनाने के लिए एक महत्वपूर्ण अवसर प्रस्तुत करता है।
This decade presents a crucial opportunity to adopt principles of sustainable development and a circular economy.
'यह दशक' is used to frame a critical period for environmental and economic policy.
उसके जीवन का वह दशक, जिसे उसने अपनी बौद्धिक जिज्ञासा को संतुष्ट करने के लिए समर्पित कर दिया।
That decade of his life, which he dedicated to satisfying his intellectual curiosity.
Describes a period of intense personal intellectual pursuit.
पिछले दशक में घटित भू-आर्थिक परिवर्तनों ने अंतर्राष्ट्रीय व्यवस्था की संरचना को मौलिक रूप से पुनर्गठित किया है।
The geo-economic transformations that occurred in the last decade have fundamentally reconfigured the structure of the international order.
'पिछले दशक में' is used in highly academic discourse on international relations.
अगले दशक में कृत्रिम सामान्य बुद्धिमत्ता (AGI) की संभावित प्रासंगिकता मानव सभ्यता के भविष्य के लिए गहन निहितार्थ रखती है।
The potential emergence of Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) in the next decade holds profound implications for the future of human civilization.
'अगले दशक में' is used for speculative, high-level future analysis.
यह दशक, जिसे अक्सर 'डिजिटल युग का परिपक्वता काल' कहा जाता है, अभूतपूर्व विघटन और पुनर्गठन का साक्षी रहा है।
This decade, often referred to as 'the maturity phase of the digital age', has witnessed unprecedented disruption and restructuring.
'यह दशक' is used to define a pivotal era in technological and societal evolution.
1960 का दशक, जो नागरिक अधिकारों के आंदोलन और शीत युद्ध की चरमोत्कर्ष की अवधि के रूप में चिह्नित है, ने वैश्विक राजनीति पर एक स्थायी छाप छोड़ी।
The 1960s decade, marked as a period of the Civil Rights Movement and the peak of the Cold War, left an indelible mark on global politics.
'1960 का दशक' is used for historical analysis with significant socio-political context.
उस विशिष्ट दशक में हुई वैज्ञानिक क्रांतियों ने, अपने दूरगामी प्रभावों के साथ, मानव ज्ञान की सीमाओं का विस्तार किया।
The scientific revolutions that took place in that specific decade
관련 콘텐츠
관련 문법 규칙
general 관련 단어
आभार व्यक्त करना
B1감사를 표하다 또는 고마움을 공식적으로 나타내다. '저는 여러분 모두에게 감사를 표하고 싶습니다.'
आचरण करना
C1행동하다; (특히 도덕적이나 공식적인) 특정한 방식으로 처신하다. '그는 품위 있게 행동한다.'
आगे
A1Forward; ahead.
आगे बढ़ना
A2앞으로 나아가거나 발전하다.
आगामी
B1다가오는, 차기의. 가까운 미래에 예정된 사건을 나타낼 때 사용됩니다.
आह्वान करना
B1To call, to summon, to request someone's presence.
आज रात
A2오늘 밤; 현재 날짜의 밤.
आजमाना
A2작동 방식이나 어떤 일이 일어나는지 알아보기 위해 무언가를 시도하거나 테스트하는 것.
आक्रमण करना
B2국가나 집단을 상대로 군사 작전을 시작하다.
आखिरी
A2마지막, 최종. '마지막 버스'는 'Aakhiri bus'입니다. '마지막으로'는 'Aakhiri baar'라고 합니다.
