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B1 verb 중립 3분 분량

provocare

/provoˈkare/
연습하기

Overview

The Italian verb 'provocare' is a versatile and common verb that translates to 'to provoke,' 'to cause,' 'to elicit,' or 'to stir up' in English. Its core meaning revolves around initiating or bringing about a reaction, event, or feeling, often with an implication of something being incited or deliberately brought forth.

Conjugation:

'Provocare' is a regular -are verb. Here's its present tense conjugation:

  • io provoco
  • tu provochi
  • lui/lei/Lei provoca
  • noi provochiamo
  • voi provocate
  • loro provocano

Common Usages and Nuances:

  1. 1To Cause/Elicit a Reaction (Often Negative): This is perhaps its most frequent use. It implies that an action or statement leads to a response, which can be anger, laughter, curiosity, or even violence.
  • Examples:
  • “Le sue parole hanno provocato una discussione accesa.” (His words provoked a heated discussion.)
  • "Il suo comportamento ha provocato l'ira della folla." (His behavior provoked the anger of the crowd.)
  • “Questa notizia ha provocato molte domande.” (This news has provoked many questions.)
  1. 1To Cause/Bring About an Event or Situation: In this context, 'provocare' means to be the direct cause or trigger of something happening.
  • Examples:
  • “La siccità ha provocato gravi problemi agricoli.” (The drought caused serious agricultural problems.)
  • “Un cortocircuito ha provocato un incendio.” (A short circuit caused a fire.)
  • “La sua decisione ha provocato una crisi diplomatica.” (His decision caused a diplomatic crisis.)
  1. 1To Incite/Stir Up (Often Emotions or Trouble): This usage carries a stronger connotation of intentional instigation, often with a negative outcome.
  • Examples:
  • “Non cercare di provocare una rissa.” (Don't try to provoke a fight.)
  • “Le sue azioni sono state intese a provocare disordini.” (His actions were intended to provoke unrest.)
  • “Le sue affermazioni provocano sempre polemiche.” (His statements always stir up controversy.)
  1. 1To Tease/Annoy (Less Formal): In more informal contexts, 'provocare' can mean to playfully or intentionally annoy someone to get a reaction.
  • Example:
  • "Lo stavo solo provocando un po'." (I was just teasing him a little.)

**Medical Context

To Induce/Trigger:** In a medical or scientific context, it can refer to the induction or triggering of a symptom or condition.

  • Example:
  • “Questo farmaco può provocare sonnolenza.” (This medication can cause drowsiness.)

Synonyms:

  • Causare (to cause)
  • Generare (to generate)
  • Scatenare (to unleash, to trigger)
  • Istigare (to instigate)
  • Determinare (to determine, to cause)
  • Elicitare (to elicit)

Understanding the context is key to correctly interpreting 'provocare.' It's a dynamic verb that often implies a chain reaction or a deliberate initiation of an event or emotion.

예시

1

Le sue parole hanno provocato un putiferio.

Speaking about the impact of someone's statements.

His words caused an uproar.

2

Non cercare di provocarmi.

Warning someone not to instigate an argument or fight.

Don't try to provoke me.

3

La mancanza di sonno può provocare mal di testa.

Explaining a causal relationship between a condition and a symptom.

Lack of sleep can cause headaches.

4

La sua assenza ha provocato molte speculazioni.

Referring to an event leading to widespread discussion or theories.

His absence caused a lot of speculation.

5

Il cambiamento climatico sta provocando gravi danni ambientali.

Discussing the negative effects of a large-scale phenomenon.

Climate change is causing serious environmental damage.

자주 쓰는 조합

provocare un incidente
provocare una reazione
provocare risate
provocare un danno
provocare dolore
provocare la rabbia

자주 혼동되는 단어

provocare 대 provvedere
These verbs have different meanings and are not typically confused. 'Provocare' means to provoke or cause, while 'provvedere' means to provide or arrange.
provocare 대 convocare
These verbs have different meanings and are not typically confused. 'Provocare' means to provoke or cause, while 'convocare' means to convene or summon.

문법 패턴

Provocare qualcuno/qualcosa (to provoke someone/something) Provocare qc a qn (to cause something to someone) Essere provocato da (to be provoked by)

사용법

사용 참고사항

'Provocare' is a versatile verb in Italian, commonly used to describe initiating or bringing about a wide range of reactions, events, or emotions. It is a transitive verb, meaning it always takes a direct object. Common collocations include 'provocare un incidente' (to cause an accident), 'provocare un incendio' (to cause a fire), 'provocare una reazione' (to provoke a reaction), and 'provocare risate' (to cause laughter). When referring to people, it can mean to tease, taunt, or intentionally annoy someone, as in 'Non provocare il cane' (Don't provoke the dog). It can also be used in a more abstract sense, such as 'provocare un cambiamento' (to provoke a change) or 'provocare una riflessione' (to provoke a reflection). The choice of preposition after 'provocare' is typically 'a' when followed by an infinitive, as in 'provocare qualcuno a fare qualcosa' (to provoke someone to do something), though this construction is less common than using a noun as the direct object. Its past participle is 'provocato', and it conjugates regularly as an -are verb.

자주 하는 실수

A common mistake is confusing 'provocare' with 'dimostrare' (to demonstrate) or 'sostenere' (to support). While all three can involve bringing something about, 'provocare' specifically implies initiating a reaction or an event, often with an element of instigation. For example, 'provocare una reazione' (to provoke a reaction) is correct, but 'dimostrare una reazione' is not. Another mistake is using it too broadly. It’s best suited for situations where there’s a clear cause-and-effect relationship, particularly when the 'cause' is an action that leads to a 'reaction' or an 'event.' Make sure the context implies an initiation of something, rather than just a general occurrence. Finally, remember that 'provocare' can sometimes carry a negative connotation, implying stirring up trouble or causing annoyance, though it can also be neutral.

팁

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Synonyms

Here are some synonyms for 'provocare' (to provoke, to cause) in Italian: * **Causare**: To cause, to bring about. This is a very general and common synonym. * **Scatenare**: To unleash, to trigger, to provoke a strong reaction or event. Often implies something negative or intense. * **Innescare**: To trigger, to ignite, to set off. Similar to 'scatenare' but can be used for both positive and negative events. * **Generare**: To generate, to create, to produce. Can be used for more abstract or conceptual causes. * **Determinare**: To determine, to cause, to establish. Implies a clear and decisive cause. * **Suscitare**: To arouse, to stir up, to evoke. Often used for emotions, feelings, or reactions. * **Indurre**: To induce, to lead to, to prompt. Suggests influencing someone or something to act. * **Stimolare**: To stimulate, to encourage, to provoke (in a positive sense). Can be used to encourage development or action. * **Accendere**: To ignite, to light, to spark. Can be used metaphorically for emotions or discussions. * **Dare il via a**: To start, to initiate, to give the green light to. Less formal, indicates beginning something. * **Fomentare**: To foment, to stir up, to incite. Often used for negative actions or unrest. * **Istigare**: To instigate, to incite, to provoke. Similar to 'fomentare', usually for negative actions.
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Common Mistakes

Here are some common mistakes non-native speakers might make when using 'provocare' (to provoke, to cause) in Italian, along with explanations and corrections: 1. **Direct translation of 'provoke' when a gentler term is needed:** In English, 'provoke' can sometimes mean to simply elicit a response. In Italian, 'provocare' often carries a stronger connotation of deliberately causing a reaction, often negative, or a strong event. * **Incorrect:** *"Ho provocato una risata con la mia battuta."* (I provoked a laugh with my joke.) - While technically understandable, it sounds a bit strong for just making someone laugh. * **Correct:** *"Ho suscitato una risata con la mia battuta."* (I evoked a laugh with my joke.) or *"La mia battuta ha fatto ridere."* (My joke made people laugh.) 2. **Using 'provocare' for minor or unintentional causes:** If something happens by chance or without significant impact, 'provocare' might be too strong. * **Incorrect:** *"Il vento ha provocato la caduta di una foglia."* (The wind provoked the fall of a leaf.) * **Correct:** *"Il vento ha fatto cadere una foglia."* (The wind made a leaf fall.) or *"Una foglia è caduta a causa del vento."* (A leaf fell because of the wind.) 3. **Confusion with 'causare' for neutral or factual causes:** While 'provocare' can be a synonym for 'causare', 'causare' is generally more neutral and can be used for any cause-and-effect relationship without the added nuance of intention or strong reaction that 'provocare' often implies. * **Context for 'provocare'**: *"Le sue parole hanno provocato una discussione accesa."* (His words provoked a heated discussion.) - Here, 'provocare' highlights the instigating nature of the words. * **Context for 'causare'**: *"La pioggia ha causato l'allagamento."* (The rain caused the flooding.) - 'Causare' is a straightforward statement of cause. 4. **Overusing 'provocare' when simpler verbs exist:** Sometimes, a more direct and common verb is more appropriate. * **Incorrect:** *"Ha provocato la sua rabbia."* (He provoked her anger.) * **Correct:** *"L'ha fatto arrabbiare."* (He made her angry.) or *"Ha fatto nascere la sua rabbia."* (He made her anger arise.) 5. **Not matching the nuance of 'provoke' in English (e.g., 'to provoke thought'):** While 'provocare' can sometimes mean to stimulate thought, 'stimolare' or 'suscitare' are often more natural. * **Less natural:** *"Il libro ha provocato molta riflessione."* (The book provoked much thought.) * **More natural:** *"Il libro ha stimolato molta riflessione."* (The book stimulated much thought.) or *"Il libro ha suscitato molte riflessioni."* (The book evoked many thoughts.) **Key takeaway:** While 'provocare' is a versatile verb, be mindful of its strong connotations of intentional instigation, leading to a significant reaction, or causing a notable event. When in doubt, consider using 'causare' for neutral causes, 'suscitare' for evoking feelings, or simpler verbs for straightforward actions.
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Usage Examples

Here are some usage examples for the Italian word 'provocare' (to provoke, to cause), demonstrating its different nuances: 1. **To provoke a reaction (often negative or strong):** * *"Le sue continue critiche hanno finito per **provocare** una discussione accesa."* (His continuous criticisms ended up **provoking** a heated discussion.) * *"Non voleva **provocare** nessuno, ma le sue parole sono state fraintese."* (He didn't want to **provoke** anyone, but his words were misunderstood.) * *"Il gesto dell'attaccante ha **provocato** la reazione del pubblico."* (The attacker's gesture **provoked** the crowd's reaction.) 2. **To cause an event or situation:** * *"La siccità prolungata ha **provocato** una grave crisi idrica."* (The prolonged drought has **caused** a severe water crisis.) * *"Un guasto tecnico ha **provocato** il ritardo del treno."* (A technical fault **caused** the train's delay.) * *"L'imprudenza alla guida ha **provocato** un incidente."* (Careless driving **caused** an accident.) 3. **To incite or instigate:** * *"Alcuni dimostranti hanno cercato di **provocare** la polizia."* (Some protesters tried to **provoke** the police.) * *"Il loro discorso incendiario ha **provocato** la folla."* (Their inflammatory speech **incited** the crowd.) 4. **To elicit or give rise to (less common than 'suscitare' for emotions, but possible):** * *"Quell'opera d'arte intende **provocare** una riflessione sul tema della libertà."* (That work of art intends to **provoke** reflection on the theme of freedom.) * *"Il film ha **provocato** in me una strana sensazione di malinconia."* (The film **provoked** in me a strange feeling of melancholy.) 5. **In a more physical sense, to induce or trigger a bodily response:** * *"Il fumo può **provocare** problemi respiratori."* (Smoking can **cause** respiratory problems.) * *"Alcuni alimenti possono **provocare** reazioni allergiche."* (Some foods can **trigger** allergic reactions.) **Note:** While 'provocare' can sometimes be used similarly to English 'to provoke' thought, 'stimolare' or 'suscitare' are often more common and natural for evoking feelings or intellectual responses.

어원

From Latin prōvocāre ('to call forth', 'to challenge'). Equivalent to pro- + vocare ('to call').

문화적 맥락

In Italian culture, 'provocare' carries a nuanced meaning that extends beyond a simple 'to cause.' While it can certainly mean to bring about an event or reaction, it often implies a deliberate act of instigation, often with a slightly negative or mischievous connotation. For instance, 'provocare una discussione' (to provoke a discussion) might suggest intentionally stirring up debate. It can also refer to provoking someone emotionally, like 'provocare rabbia' (to provoke anger), where the intention is to elicit a strong feeling. In social interactions, being described as 'provocatorio' (provocative) can imply a challenging or even rebellious stance, especially in art, fashion, or intellectual discourse. It doesn't always have to be negative; a work of art can be 'provocatorio' in a way that encourages thought and dialogue. The word's usage often hints at an active agent behind the cause, rather than a passive or accidental occurrence.

암기 팁

Visualize a 'provo-king' (provocare) stirring up trouble, causing a reaction everywhere he goes. This can help you remember that 'provocare' means to cause a reaction or event.

자주 묻는 질문

4 질문
'Provocare' is an Italian verb that translates to 'to provoke,' 'to cause,' or 'to stir up' in English. It's often used when something or someone incites a reaction, an event, or a feeling in another person or situation. This verb can carry both positive and negative connotations depending on the context in which it's used. For instance, you could 'provocare' laughter or 'provocare' anger, indicating its versatility in describing various outcomes.
'Provocare' is commonly used to describe an action that leads to a consequence. For example, 'Il suo discorso ha provocato un dibattito acceso' means 'His speech provoked a heated debate.' Another common usage is 'Non mi provocare!' which translates to 'Don't provoke me!' This shows its use in direct warnings. It can also be used in a more neutral sense, like 'La pioggia ha provocato un ritardo' meaning 'The rain caused a delay,' illustrating its broad applicability.
Yes, there are several synonyms for 'provocare' depending on the specific nuance you want to convey. Some common ones include 'causare' (to cause), 'scatenare' (to unleash, to trigger), 'suscitare' (to arouse, to evoke), and 'irritare' (to irritate). Each of these words carries a slightly different shade of meaning, but they all share the core idea of initiating a reaction or event. The choice of synonym often depends on the intensity and nature of the outcome being described.
Beyond its direct translation, 'provocare' appears in several common Italian expressions. 'Provocare un incidente' means 'to cause an accident,' while 'provocare scandalo' translates to 'to cause a scandal.' Another interesting usage is 'provocare la sete,' which means 'to make one thirsty.' These examples demonstrate how 'provocare' is integrated into everyday language to describe a range of causative actions, from minor effects to significant events.

셀프 테스트

fill blank

Il suo discorso ha ____ un dibattito acceso.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
fill blank

Non voglio ____ problemi a nessuno.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:
fill blank

Le sue azioni hanno ____ una risposta forte.

정답! 아쉬워요. 정답:

점수: /3

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